TW200841827A - A nutritional supplement for adjustment of blood pressure and protection of cardio-vascular and cerebro-vascular systems - Google Patents
A nutritional supplement for adjustment of blood pressure and protection of cardio-vascular and cerebro-vascular systems Download PDFInfo
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200841827 九、發明說明: 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明涉及一種保健品,特別涉及一種具有調節血壓及保護心腦血管系統作用的 保健品及其應用。 [先前技術] 一直以來,以高血壓、高血脂和冠心病爲代表的心腦血管疾病,就嚴重危害人類健 康,被稱爲“人類健康的頭號劊子手”。隨著人們生活水準的提高,生活節奏的加快, 人群中普遍存在著多種亞健康問題,諸如高血壓、高血脂、冠心病等心腦血管疾病更是 曰益增多。據有關硏究報告顯示,大約35%以上的成年人和未成年人都具有不同程度的 高血壓,血脂等心腦血管疾病。 當這些病症並不明顯或者作爲預防目的或者輔助治療上述疾病的時候,人們往往非 常願意選擇對身體非常有利的保健品,而不是對人身體會有一定傷害的藥物,因此,針 對高血壓或者心腦血管系統的保健品的硏製就顯得尤爲的重要了。 現在中國保健品市場上所流通的保健品,一般以中國傳統的中醫藥理論爲基礎的保 健品爲主,而這些保健品中只有少數的一部分天然植物的提取物能夠明確其所含的有效 成分和較爲確切的作用機制;另一部分保健品則是以國外的化學合成產品和植物提純物 爲主,而這些保健品又缺少了我們傳統中醫藥以整體和調節爲基礎的有效成分,所以如 何將國外在保健意識和在分子學、生物學上的技術與我國傳統的中醫藥理論有機的結合 起來,生產出不以治療爲目的,以真正調節和保護爲主要功能的保健品,將成爲開發保 健品的新課題。 【發明內容】 -本發明需要解決的技術問題就在於把在生物學上的硏究成果,與傳統的中醫藥理論 相結合,提供一種具有調節血壓、保護心腦血管系統功能的保健品。 按照本發明提供一種組合物,包含有精氨酸和山楂提取物。 按照本發明所提供的另外一種組合物’除了包含精氨酸和山楂提取物之外’還包含 有維生素E〇 按照本發明提供一種組合物,相對於組合物總重量lOOOmg,其中,精氨酸含量爲 848-870mg,山楂提取物含量爲l〇6-141mg。 4 200841827 按照本發明提供一種組合物,相對於組合物總重量lOOOmg,其中,維生素E含量 爲 10-24mg 〇 按照本發明提供一種組合物,相對於組合物總重量l〇〇〇mg,其中,精氨酸含量爲 850-868mg,山楂提取物含量爲112-136mg 〇 按照本發明提供一種組合物,其中所述的山楂提取物製備方法的步驟依次爲·.山楂 選料、清洗、粉碎、浸提、過濾、浸提物濃縮,其中所述的浸提物濃縮比爲5 : 1至15 ·· 按照本發明提供一種組合物’其被作爲活性組合物通過添加相應的輔料被製作成固 體劑型或者液體劑型,其中所述的固體劑型爲粒錠、粉劑或者膠囊。 按照本發明提供上述任一種組合物,可用來作爲製備具有調節血壓及保護心腦血管 系統的保健品。 按照本發明提供上述任一種組合物,精氨酸的曰攝取量爲500-13000mg,山楂提取 物的日攝取量爲604600mg,優選地,精氨酸的日攝取量爲4500-6000mg,山楂提取物的 日攝取量爲500-700mg 〇 本發明主要是通過精氨酸和山楂提取物的組合物,達到降低血壓、保護心腦血管系 統的保健效^ 〇眾所g知,心腦血管系統疾病病因複雜,一個心腦血管疾病常常伴有多 種症狀,如高血壓、高血脂、腦卒中、心肌梗死、心衰、冠心病等,並且由於機體內參 與血壓和血脂調節的系統或組織廣泛,因此作用於上述系統的心腦血管的藥物種類很 多,這就是人們在選擇上存在著很多的困難,即使是選擇了某一個藥物,也只是這對其 中的某一項病因’而很難達到全面的效果,而本組合物能夠更好的解決這個問題。 精氨酸主要作用是(調節)降低血壓,有一定的調節血脂的作用,但作用較弱,而 山楂主要作用是降低血脂,有一定的降壓作用。所以這兩者結合在一起會更加全面系統 的對心腦血管各種疾病達到預防和保護的作用。 以下將說明關於組合物中一些成份的具體功能和作用機制。 精氨酸分爲L-精氨酸和R-精氨酸兩種,L-精氨酸做爲一氧化氮的主要產生者,其分 子式爲C6HmN4〇2,結構式如下圖所示 Η_〉ϋ— NH—CHi—咖—eHi—一 NHi 精氨酸是一種條件性必需氨基酸,在正常情況下,成年人類或者動物對精氨酸的需 求可以通過內源性合成途徑滿足,但在應激條件下機體對精氨酸的需求量增加。除了作 爲一種組成蛋白質的氨基酸外,精氨酸在許多生物學過程中發揮了重要作用。膳食供給 精氨酸可促進創傷癒合、調節內分泌功能以及增強免疫活性。在正常的未應激條件下成 5 200841827 年機體對精氨酸的需求通過內源性途徑就可滿足,然而在應激時就不能滿足機體所需。 對幼年、創傷或疾病恢復期的人或者動物來說,膳食精氨酸對其最適生長和恢復是必需 的,可將其歸入條件性必需氨基酸或半必需氨基酸。 精氨酸之所以可以發揮上述非常重要的作用,是因爲精氨酸在人體內可以產生一氧 化氮(NO)。 L-精氨酸是一氧化氮合成的前體物質。L-精氨酸通過L-精氨酸轉運體,經由細胞膜進 入到細胞內,在細胞內一氧化氮合成酶的催化作用下,生物合成一氧化氮。現已發現, L-精氨酸轉運體存在于血管內皮細胞、血管平滑肌細胞、血小板、月齡^觸體 '腦膠質細 胞、肝細胞、小腸細胞等。 L-精氨酸在細胞內的代謝途徑主要有3條:⑴經N0S催化生成一氧化氮及L-瓜氨 酸:⑵經精氨酸酶催化生成尿素和L-鳥氨酸:⑶經精氨酸脫羥酶催化生成C〇2及精胺。 此外,L-精氨酸還可以增強N0S的活性。其可能機制包括··①誘導一氧化氮合成酶 在細胞內表達增多;②通過前饋機制增強一氧化氮合成酶的活性。 精氨酸產生的一氧化氮對心血管的調節和保護作用。 一氧化氮作爲訊息分子,在維持血管張力的恒定和調節血壓的穩定、抑制血小板的 粘附和聚集中起重要作用。 (1)正常情況下,在心血管系統,生成的一氧化氮以擴散的方式迅速進入鄰近的血· 管平滑肌細胞,與細胞內可溶性鳥苷酸環化酶(GT)的亞鐵原嘌呤上的鐵離子結合形成一 氧化氮一Heme-GT複合物,導致酶蛋白構型改變而被啓動,GT催化三磷酸鳥苷轉化 爲環磷酸鳥苷(cGMP),後者可啓動cGMP依賴性蛋白激酶,使胞漿Ca2+向胞外流動或貯 存於胞內Ca2+庫中,並抑制Ca2+內流,致使胞漿內游離Ca2+濃度降低,從而抑制Ca27 鈣調蛋白所介導的肌球蛋白肽鏈磷酸化’使肌動蛋白與肌球蛋白結合受抑制,導致血管 平滑肌舒張,血壓下降。 ⑵一氧化氮充當神經資訊物質。神經衝動^膜的去極化作用導致細胞內鈣離子濃 度升高,使Ca2+依賴性的一氧化氮合成酶活性升高-氧化氮生成量增加,作用於血管 平滑肌而產生舒張作用。一氧化氮還可以通過對神經中樞內谷氨酸作用的調節,降低神 經興奮性,實現對心血管功能的調節。 一氧化氮可擴張氣管支氣管’和對血管平滑肌一樣,一氧化氮通過鳥苷酸環化酶使 cGMP增加而鬆弛平滑肌,應用一氧化氮合成阻滯劑L-NAME於豚鼠後,可見全肺阻力 上升,給予L - arg則可減弱,表明上皮細胞一氧化氮合成酶產生的一氧化氮是控制氣 管支氣管張力的重要因素。一氧化氮是人類呼吸道系統唯一具有擴張性神經作用的非腎 上腺素能、非膽鹼能神經介質,可能參與免疫系統、纖毛運動、粘液腺的分泌。鼻粘膜 是產生一氧化氮最多的部位,一氧化氮可調節鼻粘膜血流量,影響纖毛運動,從而促進 鼻粘膜的加溫加濕作用和清潔作用。鼻腔產生的一氧化氮可到達末稍呼吸道,調節粘膜 血流,維持呼吸道平滑肌張力。內源性一氧化氮可因長期吸煙而受到抑制。呼吸道受到 200841827 感染產生炎症後,在腫瘤壞死因數、干擾素、白細胞介素等細胞因數的朿[j激下,呼吸道 系統多種細胞產生一氧化氮。不僅調節平滑肌張力,也維持上皮細胞的通透性。 一氧化氮是一種生物資訊遞質,作爲調節心血管、神經及免疫等多系統功能的細 胞資訊分子’參與了機體多種生理活動的調節,由於一氧化氮在心血管生理和病理中起 多種重要作用,一旦出現一氧化氮對心血管的調節功能障礙,將導致許多疾病的病理發 生,如動脈粥狀硬化、栓塞、高血壓、血管痙攣和血管成形術後再狹窄等。 4近年來發現,一氧化氮系統是一個內源性抗動脈粥狀硬化機制。導致動脈粥狀硬化 的高危因素有高脂血症、肥胖、高血壓、糖尿病等。經硏究這些危險因素均能引起血管 內皮損傷、內皮功能不全、一氧化氮合成減少。內皮細胞完整性受到破壞,血中脂質易 於滲透並浸潤於血管內膜下,加之單核細胞遷移、吞噬內膜下脂質,逐漸形成脂紋。一 氧化氮合成和釋放減少,一氧化氮抑制血小板和白細胞粘附功能減弱,血小板等有形成 分大量粘附聚集形成血栓,引起血管腔狹窄,甚至急性閉塞·,一氧化氮抑制VSMC增 生作用減弱,VSMC大量增生和遷移,力口速動脈粥狀硬化。另外,N〇/ET分泌平衡失 _ 調,ET含量升高。ET除具有強大的收縮血管作用外,還具有促進VSMC增生等作用,與 — 動臓狀硬化密棚關。 以下爲本發明提供的組合物中的山楂提取物的具體功效和作用機制的闡述。 本發明中山楂可以是薔微科山楂屬植物山裏紅及大果山楂或野山楂的乾燥成熟果 實。山楂中主要含有山楂酸、枸櫞酸、蘋果酸、熊果酸、齊墩果酸、酒石酸等有機酸, 以及槲皮素、金絲桃苷、牡荊素等黃酮類化合物,此外還含有豐富的維生素和礦物質如 維生素Bl、B2 '維生素C、胡蘿蔔苷和鈣、磷、鐵等人體必需的微量元素。 山楂在中醫臨床應用很廣,近幾年對其藥理作用的硏究不斷深入,特S隄降血壓作 用、調節脂質代謝、保護心腦血管系統、免疫促進作用、防癌等作用都得到不同程度的 開發利用。 山楂的降壓作用:山楂的降壓機制主要是以外周血管擴張爲主,同時也與贍鹼作用 或中樞影響有關。山楂總黃酮l〇mg/ kg靜注能使貓血壓下降40 %,維持5〜lOmin 〇其 W 總提取物對小鼠、兔、貓亦有較爲明顯的中樞降壓作用。同時也用實驗證明山楂的乙醇 提取物有降低貓血壓的作用,且可加強戊巴比妥鈉中樞抑制作用,以利於降壓。 山楂降血脂作用:山楂提取物中的有效成分能能有效降低血清總膽固醇、甘油三 酯、低密度脂蛋白、丙二醛水準,升高ApoA2 -1水準、SOD活性和NK細胞活力,調 整血脂、降低動脈粥狀斑塊發生率,防止實驗性動脈粥狀硬化的發生和發展。本發明中 的山楂含有豐富的金絲桃苷、熊果酸等豐富的有效成分,金絲桃苷是山楂黃酮的主要組 分,而熊果酸是山楂三萜物質的主要成分,具有抗氧化和降血脂作用,實驗觀察到這兩種 化合物均顯著降低高脂小鼠血清TCH、升高HDL m:H比値,說明其具有降低膽固醇, 調節血脂的作用。並且都具有提高脂血和小鼠血清SOD活性的作用,這一作用可以明 …顯降低高脂血症時超氧自由基對血管內皮的損傷,有利於過氧化脂質的分解和代謝,以 保護血管內皮。 山楂對心血管的作用,首先山楂有促進心肌收縮及保護心肌的作用。用廣西大果山 楂的乙醇提取物作用於離體的蛙心肌,結果顯示其能夠促進蛙心肌收縮。用將山楂屬植 7 200841827 物山裏紅、山楂、雲南山楂、野山楂的藥理作用做了比較,認爲四種藥物均有抗心肌缺 血、保護心肌的作用。實驗證明山楂能降低心肌脂褐質的含量,促進超氧化物歧化酶的活 性,抑制B型單胺氧化酶活性,從而保護心肌。對於心腦血管病男性患者服用山楂益母 草合劑丨結果顯示合劑能夠降低血漿黃嘌呤氧化酶活性,加超氧化物歧化酶_性, 對抗超氧自由基的損害,從而起到保護患者的心腦血管作用。國外的一些報導證明服用 山楂製劑可以增加慢性心衰患者的工作能力。 山楂可以增加冠脈流量:山楂總黃酮以2-3mg/kg靜脈注射於犬,冠脈流量明顯增 加,心肌氧耗量減低不明顯,血管阻力下降,心率減緩。給兔靜脈注射浸膏2g/kg或皮 下注射醇提物4g/kg,對垂體後葉素引起的心率不齊,均有抑制作用。 山楂具有強心作用,山楂中黃酮類化合物3’,4,5,7-四羥基黃酮-7-葡萄糖苷(hit) 和蘆丁(rut),使KCI收縮後離體兔骨股動脈環節產生劑量依賴型血管舒張。 山楂具有抗氧化作用,山楂提取物能清除體內的自由基,並且對自由基的清除能力 赢 有明顯的劑量依賴關係。 山楂提取物可以增加主動脈壁組織中的一氧化氮和一氧化氮合成酶活性。一氧化氮 是可通過增加細胞內cGMP含量抑制ET的生物合成,具有對抗ET的促血管平滑肌細 胞增殖的作用。而使用山楂提取物,可通過增加一氧化氮的合成及釋放,調控體內NO /ET 分泌平衡,從而能更有效的保護心血管系統,防止動脈粥狀硬化。 據硏究表明高脂飮食能顯著降低大鼠血漿一氧化氮水準,經服用一段時間山楂提取 物後,各組高脂大鼠血漿一氧化氮均顯著升高,且略高於正常組,但無顯著性差異。表明各 服用山楂提取物的大鼠,通過升高血漿一氧化氮濃度均可舒張血管、抑制血管內皮損傷, 並使一氧化氮讎於正常。 以下爲本發明提供的組合物中的維生素E的具體功效和作用機制的闡述。 維生素E的具有很強的抗氧化作用、維生素E之所以具有抗氧化作用是由於它容易 被氧化,可以代替其他物質首先被氧化,因而可以起到保護其他物質不被氧化的作用。 • 維生素E本身具有產生酚氧基的結構,產生的酚氧基能夠猝滅並能同單線態氧反應,保 護不飽和脂肪酸免受單線態氧損傷,還可以被陰離子自由基和羥自由基氧化,使不飽和 月旨肪酸免受自由基攻擊,從而抑制脂肪酸的自動氧化。 在給冠心病(CHD)患者服用維生素Ε察其抗氧化作用後發現:在相同的時間條件下 服用低劑量(〇.2g/次,1次/日)的維生素Ε後,病人的血漿OX- LDL血清MDA水準比用 藥前顯著降低,而SOD顯著提高,說明此劑量的維生素E即有較明顯的抗氧化作用, 月艮用劑量增加至〇.2g/次,2次/曰後,其對抗氧化指標的效應比低劑量組更明顯。表明增 加維生素E的應用劑量可提高其抗氧化作用。 人機體血脂過高時,血中低密度脂蛋白(LDL)7jc準升高,而LDL氧化形成的過氧化 LDL具有細胞毒性,內皮細胞本身也產生過氧化脂質,使動脈內皮細胞受到過氧化損傷 而引起動脈硬化。正如前面所述,維生素E可以先於LDL被氧化,從而減少具有毒性 的過氧化LDL的產生,因此,具有防止血脂升高、減少血中膽固醇含量的功效。 8 200841827 維生^ E作爲一種微量元素,在抗氧化過程中十分重要。維生素e除了可以和茶多 酚共同進行抗氧化作用以外,它還是一氧化氮通路中的一個重要供給者。在硏究中表 明,在服用維生素E前和服用後檢測小鼠的血脂過氧化程度,脂蛋白的氧化敏感性,以 及^液內作爲一氧化氮遍洛活性標誌的cGMP的含量。服用維生素後,小鼠血槳中的硝 化三苷脂濃度明顯下降,血脂過氧化程度降低,脂蛋白的氧化敏感性降低,以及血液內 的cGMP的含量上升。說明了維生素E很有可能作爲一氧化氮通路的供體參與對脂蛋白 的調節過程。 脂蛋白中的高密度脂蛋白往往是動脈粥狀硬化的血管疾病的危險因數,但對它的氧 化則會降低它和細胞的結合性,加速對它的清除,不利於其相應生物功能的實現。硏究 表明,使用維生素E可以降低對高密度脂蛋白Π型(HDL2)的氧化代謝速率十倍,並且可 以延長它在血管中的滯留時間,但是對高密度脂蛋白ΠΙ型(HDL3)卻沒有作用(表1) 〇這 表明了在一氧化氮通路下,維生素E能起到對脂蛋白的抗氧化作用。表1表示單不飽和 月旨肪酸(MUFA)、多不飽和脂肪酸(PUFA)以及維生素E對不同種類脂蛋白的氧化速 率和存留時間的影響。 • 表1脂蛋白氧化參數 MUFA FOFA FUFA+E F 存留时间如加 LDL 742 i 56J ^ 2*4^ mu# HOL2 45 ^ 12Ja 133 lL6b 115.6 44c HDO 419 : 11,4 26.2 1.4.6 \9J ^ U o删 耷化牟 iUhv. mm LOL 12 m 5,2 0J ' 5,5 LO aiis HOL2 36,2 ^ 6Φ1 24.6 * ^ 8纖 HOL3 L\S ™ 2 2 123 - U 0測 數値爲平均値土SE °測定氧化參數所用的0^〇4濃度:對於1^爲200鋒〇1几,對於 HDL2爲100//mol/L,對於HDL3爲50/zmol/L。如表1所示,具有不同上標的各列中的數値 爲顯著差異的。 【實施方式】 方案一(用於青少年男性血脂偏高等症狀的心血管系統的保健品) 山楂提取物 llOmg200841827 IX. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field] The present invention relates to a health care product, and more particularly to a health care product having an effect of regulating blood pressure and protecting a cardiovascular system and an application thereof. [Prior Art] Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, represented by hypertension, hyperlipidemia and coronary heart disease, have been seriously jeopardizing human health and are known as "the number one executioner of human health." With the improvement of people's living standards and the accelerated pace of life, there are many sub-health problems in the population. Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases such as hypertension, hyperlipemia and coronary heart disease are more beneficial. According to relevant research reports, about 35% of adults and minors have different levels of hypertension, blood lipids and other cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. When these conditions are not obvious or for preventive purposes or to assist in the treatment of these diseases, people are often very willing to choose health care products that are very beneficial to the body, rather than drugs that will cause some harm to the human body. Therefore, for high blood pressure or heart and brain The regulation of vascular system health products is particularly important. Nowadays, the health care products circulating in the Chinese health care products market are generally based on the traditional Chinese medicine theory based on traditional Chinese medicine theory, and only a few of these health products have a few extracts of natural plants that can clarify the active ingredients they contain. And a more precise mechanism of action; another part of the health care products are mainly chemical synthetic products and plant extracts from abroad, and these health care products lack the active ingredients based on the overall and regulation of our traditional Chinese medicine, so How to combine foreign health awareness and molecular and biological techniques with traditional Chinese traditional medicine theory to produce health care products that do not use treatment for the purpose of real regulation and protection. Become a new topic in the development of health products. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION - The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to combine biological research results with traditional Chinese medicine theory to provide a health care product having blood pressure regulating function and protecting cardiovascular and cerebrovascular system functions. According to the present invention there is provided a composition comprising arginine and hawthorn extract. Another composition according to the present invention 'in addition to arginine and hawthorn extract' also contains vitamin E. According to the present invention, a composition is provided in accordance with the total weight of the composition of 1000 mg, wherein arginine The content is 848-870 mg, and the content of hawthorn extract is l〇6-141 mg. 4 200841827 According to the present invention, there is provided a composition according to the total weight of the composition of 100 mg, wherein the vitamin E content is 10 to 24 mg. According to the present invention, a composition is provided in an amount of 1 mg relative to the total weight of the composition, wherein The arginine content is 850-868 mg, and the hawthorn extract content is 112-136 mg. According to the present invention, a composition is provided, wherein the step of preparing the hawthorn extract is followed by: selecting hawthorn, washing, pulverizing, dipping Extraction, filtration, concentration of the extract, wherein the concentration ratio of the extract is 5: 1 to 15 · According to the present invention, a composition is provided which is prepared as a solid dosage form by adding the corresponding excipient as an active composition. Or a liquid dosage form, wherein the solid dosage form is a tablet, a powder or a capsule. According to the present invention, any of the above compositions can be used as a health care product having a blood pressure regulating function and a cardiovascular and cerebrovascular system. According to the present invention, in any one of the above compositions, the strontium uptake amount of arginine is 500-13000 mg, and the daily intake of hawthorn extract is 604600 mg, preferably, the daily intake of arginine is 4500-6000 mg, hawthorn extract. The daily intake is 500-700 mg. The present invention mainly achieves the health care effect of lowering blood pressure and protecting the cardiovascular system by the combination of arginine and hawthorn extract. The cause of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases Complex, a cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease is often accompanied by a variety of symptoms, such as hypertension, hyperlipidemia, stroke, myocardial infarction, heart failure, coronary heart disease, etc., and because of the wide range of systems or tissues involved in blood pressure and blood lipid regulation in the body, There are many kinds of drugs in the cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in the above system. This is because people have many difficulties in choosing. Even if a certain drug is selected, it is only one of the causes of this one, and it is difficult to achieve a comprehensive effect. And the composition can better solve this problem. The main role of arginine is to regulate blood pressure and regulate blood lipids, but the effect is weak, while the main effect of hawthorn is to lower blood lipids and have a certain antihypertensive effect. Therefore, the combination of the two will more comprehensively and systematically prevent and protect various diseases of the heart and brain. The specific function and mechanism of action of some of the ingredients in the composition will be explained below. Arginine is divided into L-arginine and R-arginine. L-arginine is the main producer of nitric oxide. Its molecular formula is C6HmN4〇2, and its structural formula is shown in the figure below. —NH—CHi—Caf—eHi—NHi arginine is a conditionally essential amino acid. Under normal circumstances, the demand for arginine in adults or animals can be met by endogenous synthetic pathways, but under stress conditions. The demand for arginine in the lower body is increased. In addition to being a protein-constituting amino acid, arginine plays an important role in many biological processes. Dietary supply of arginine promotes wound healing, regulates endocrine function, and enhances immune activity. Under normal unstressed conditions 5 200841827 The body's demand for arginine can be satisfied by the endogenous pathway, but it can not meet the needs of the body when stressed. For humans or animals that recover from childhood, trauma, or disease, dietary arginine is essential for optimal growth and recovery, and can be classified as a conditional essential amino acid or a semi-essential amino acid. The reason why arginine can play the above-mentioned very important role is because arginine can produce nitric oxide (NO) in the human body. L-arginine is a precursor of nitric oxide synthesis. L-arginine enters the cell through the cell membrane through the L-arginine transporter, and biosynthesizes nitric oxide under the catalysis of nitric oxide synthase in the cell. It has been found that L-arginine transporters are present in vascular endothelial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells, platelets, glial cells, glial cells, hepatocytes, small intestinal cells, and the like. There are three main metabolic pathways of L-arginine in cells: (1) Nitric oxide and L-citrulline are catalyzed by NOS: (2) Urea and L-ornithine are catalyzed by arginase: (3) Jingjing Amino acid dehydrogenase catalyzes the production of C〇2 and spermine. In addition, L-arginine can also enhance the activity of NOS. Its possible mechanism includes the induction of increased expression of nitric oxide synthase in cells; 2 the activity of nitric oxide synthase is enhanced by a feedforward mechanism. Cardiovascular regulation and protection of nitric oxide produced by arginine. Nitric oxide, as a message molecule, plays an important role in maintaining constant vascular tone and regulating blood pressure stability and inhibiting platelet adhesion and aggregation. (1) Under normal circumstances, in the cardiovascular system, the generated nitric oxide rapidly diffuses into the adjacent blood-tube smooth muscle cells, and the intracellular soluble guanylate cyclase (GT) on the ferrous protopazine Iron ions combine to form a nitric oxide-Heme-GT complex, which is initiated by a change in the conformation of the enzyme protein. GT catalyzes the conversion of guanosine triphosphate to cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), which initiates cGMP-dependent protein kinases. Cytosolic Ca2+ flows extracellularly or stores in the intracellular Ca2+ pool and inhibits Ca2+ influx, resulting in a decrease in intracellular free Ca2+ concentration, thereby inhibiting Ca27 calmodulin-mediated myosin peptide phosphorylation. Actin binding to myosin is inhibited, resulting in vascular smooth muscle relaxation and decreased blood pressure. (2) Nitric oxide acts as a neural information substance. The depolarization of the nerve impulse membrane leads to an increase in intracellular calcium ion concentration, which leads to an increase in Ca2+-dependent nitric oxide synthase activity - an increase in the amount of nitric oxide produced, which acts on vascular smooth muscle to produce a relaxing effect. Nitric oxide can also reduce the excitability of the nerves through the regulation of the action of glutamate in the nerve center to achieve the regulation of cardiovascular function. Nitric oxide can expand the tracheobronchial bronchus. Like vascular smooth muscle, nitric oxide relaxes smooth muscle by increasing cGMP by guanylate cyclase. After using the nitric oxide synthesis blocker L-NAME in guinea pigs, the whole lung resistance can be seen. Ascending, L-arg can be attenuated, indicating that nitric oxide produced by epithelial nitric oxide synthase is an important factor in controlling tracheobronchial tension. Nitric oxide is the only non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic neurotransmitter in the human respiratory system that has dilated neurological effects and may be involved in the secretion of the immune system, ciliary movement, and mucous glands. The nasal mucosa is the site that produces the most nitric oxide. Nitric oxide can regulate the blood flow of the nasal mucosa and affect the movement of the ciliary hair, thus promoting the warming and moistening action and cleaning effect of the nasal mucosa. Nitric oxide produced by the nasal cavity can reach the terminal respiratory tract, regulate mucosal blood flow, and maintain the smooth muscle tension of the respiratory tract. Endogenous nitric oxide can be inhibited by long-term smoking. After the respiratory tract is infected by 200841827 infection, in the cytokine of tumor necrosis factor, interferon, interleukin, etc., various cells in the respiratory system produce nitric oxide. It not only regulates smooth muscle tone, but also maintains the permeability of epithelial cells. Nitric oxide is a biological information transmitter. It acts as a cellular information molecule that regulates cardiovascular, neurological and immune functions. It participates in the regulation of various physiological activities of the body, and plays an important role in cardiovascular physiology and pathology. Once the occurrence of nitric oxide on the cardiovascular dysfunction, it will lead to the pathogenesis of many diseases, such as atherosclerosis, embolism, hypertension, vasospasm and restenosis after angioplasty. 4 In recent years, the nitric oxide system has been found to be an endogenous anti-atherosclerotic mechanism. High risk factors leading to atherosclerosis include hyperlipidemia, obesity, hypertension, and diabetes. These risk factors can cause vascular endothelial injury, endothelial dysfunction, and decreased nitric oxide synthesis. The integrity of endothelial cells is destroyed, and lipids in the blood are easily infiltrated and infiltrated under the intima of the blood vessels. In addition, mononuclear cells migrate and phagocytose the subendothelial lipids, gradually forming a fatty streak. Nitric oxide synthesis and release are reduced, nitric oxide inhibits platelet and leukocyte adhesion, and platelets and other components form a large number of adherent aggregates to form thrombus, causing vascular stenosis, and even acute occlusion. Nitric oxide inhibits VSMC proliferation. , VSMC hyperplasia and migration, force atherosclerosis. In addition, the N〇/ET secretion balance was lost and the ET content was increased. In addition to its powerful contractile vasculature, ET also promotes the proliferation of VSMC, and it is closely related to the dynamic sclerosing. The following is a description of the specific efficacy and mechanism of action of the hawthorn extract in the compositions provided herein. In the present invention, the hawthorn may be a dry mature fruit of the genus Hawthorn red and the big fruit hawthorn or wild hawthorn of the genus Aphididae. Hawthorn mainly contains behenic acid, citric acid, malic acid, ursolic acid, oleanolic acid, tartaric acid and other organic acids, as well as flavonoids such as quercetin, hyperoside, vitexin, etc. Vitamins and minerals such as vitamin B1, B2 'vitamin C, carotenoids and calcium, phosphorus, iron and other essential trace elements. Hawthorn has a wide range of clinical applications in traditional Chinese medicine. In recent years, its pharmacological effects have been deepened, and the effects of blood pressure, lipid metabolism, protection of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular system, immune promotion, and cancer prevention have been different. Development and utilization. The antihypertensive effect of hawthorn: The depressor mechanism of hawthorn is mainly caused by peripheral vasodilation, and is also related to the effect of sputum or central influence. The total flavonoids of Hawthorn l〇mg/kg can reduce the blood pressure of cats by 40% and maintain 5~lOmin. The total extract of W also has obvious central antihypertensive effect on mice, rabbits and cats. At the same time, experiments have also been carried out to prove that the ethanol extract of hawthorn has the effect of lowering the blood pressure of the cat, and can enhance the central inhibition of sodium pentobarbital to facilitate blood pressure reduction. Calcium-lowering effect of hawthorn: The active ingredients in hawthorn extract can effectively lower serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein, malondialdehyde level, increase ApoA2 -1 level, SOD activity and NK cell viability, and adjust blood lipids Reduce the incidence of atherosclerotic plaque and prevent the occurrence and development of experimental atherosclerosis. The hawthorn in the present invention is rich in active ingredients such as hyperoside and ursolic acid, and hyperoside is the main component of hawthorn flavonoids, and ursolic acid is a main component of hawthorn triterpenoids and has antioxidant activity. And the effect of lowering blood fat, it was observed that both compounds significantly reduced serum TCH and elevated HDL m:H ratio in high-fat mice, indicating that it has the effect of lowering cholesterol and regulating blood lipids. And it has the effect of increasing the activity of SOD in lipemia and mouse serum. This effect can significantly reduce the damage of superoxide radicals to vascular endothelium during hyperlipidemia, and is beneficial to the decomposition and metabolism of lipid peroxide to protect Vascular endothelium. The effect of hawthorn on the cardiovascular system, first of all, hawthorn has the effect of promoting myocardial contraction and protecting the myocardium. The ethanol extract of Daguoshan of Guangxi was applied to the isolated frog myocardium, which showed that it could promote the contraction of frog myocardium. The pharmacological effects of Hawthorn genus 7 200841827, Hawthorn Red, Hawthorn, Yunnan Hawthorn, and Wild Hawthorn were compared. It is believed that all four drugs have anti-myocardial blood loss and protect the myocardium. Experiments have shown that hawthorn can reduce the content of myocardial lipofuscin, promote the activity of superoxide dismutase, inhibit the activity of type B monoamine oxidase, and thus protect the myocardium. For male patients with cardio-cerebral vascular disease, the results showed that the mixture can reduce the activity of plasma xanthine oxidase, add superoxide dismutase _ sex, and resist the damage of superoxide free radicals, thereby protecting the cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases of patients. effect. Some foreign reports have shown that taking Hawthorn preparations can increase the ability of patients with chronic heart failure. Hawthorn can increase coronary flow: Hawthorn flavonoids are injected intravenously into dogs at 2-3 mg/kg, coronary flow is significantly increased, myocardial oxygen consumption is not significantly reduced, vascular resistance is reduced, and heart rate is slowed. Intravenous injection of 2g/kg of rabbit or subcutaneous injection of alcohol extract 4g/kg inhibited the heart rate caused by vasopressin. Hawthorn has a strong heart effect. The flavonoids 3',4,5,7-tetrahydroxyflavone-7-glucoside (hit) and rutin (rut) in the hawthorn cause the dose of isolated rabbit femoral artery after contraction of KCI. Dependent vasodilation. Hawthorn has an antioxidant effect, Hawthorn extract can remove free radicals in the body, and the ability to scavenge free radicals has a significant dose-dependent relationship. Hawthorn extract can increase nitric oxide and nitric oxide synthase activity in aortic wall tissue. Nitric oxide is a biosynthesis that inhibits ET by increasing intracellular cGMP content, and has an effect of promoting vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation against ET. The use of hawthorn extract can regulate the NO / ET secretion balance in the body by increasing the synthesis and release of nitric oxide, thereby more effectively protecting the cardiovascular system and preventing atherosclerosis. According to the study, high-fat diet can significantly reduce the level of plasma nitric oxide in rats. After taking the extract of hawthorn for a period of time, the plasma nitric oxide of each group of high-fat rats increased significantly, and was slightly higher than the normal group. But there is no significant difference. It was shown that rats exposed to hawthorn extract can relax blood vessels, inhibit vascular endothelial damage, and normalize nitric oxide by increasing plasma nitric oxide concentration. The following is a description of the specific efficacy and mechanism of action of vitamin E in the compositions provided herein. Vitamin E has a strong antioxidant effect. Vitamin E has an antioxidant effect because it is easily oxidized and can be oxidized instead of other substances, thus protecting other substances from oxidation. • Vitamin E itself has a structure that produces phenolic oxygen. The resulting phenolic oxygen can quench and react with singlet oxygen, protect unsaturated fatty acids from singlet oxygen damage, and be oxidized by anionic and hydroxyl radicals. The unsaturated fatty acid is protected from free radical attack, thereby inhibiting the automatic oxidation of fatty acids. After taking vitamins for coronary heart disease (CHD) patients to observe their antioxidant effects, they found that after taking the low dose (〇.2g/time, once/day) of vitamin Ε under the same time conditions, the patient's plasma OX- The MDA level of LDL serum was significantly lower than that before administration, and the SOD was significantly increased, indicating that vitamin E at this dose had a significant antioxidant effect. The dose of sputum increased to 〇.2g/time, after 2 times/曰, the confrontation The effect of the oxidation index is more pronounced than the low dose group. It indicates that increasing the dose of vitamin E can increase its antioxidant activity. When the human body's blood lipid is too high, the blood low-density lipoprotein (LDL) 7jc is increased, while the LDL-oxidized peroxidized LDL is cytotoxic, and the endothelial cells themselves also produce lipid peroxide, which causes the arterial endothelial cells to undergo peroxidative damage. And cause arteriosclerosis. As mentioned earlier, vitamin E can be oxidized prior to LDL, thereby reducing the production of toxic peroxidized LDL and, therefore, has the effect of preventing elevated blood lipids and reducing blood cholesterol levels. 8 200841827 Vitamin E as a trace element is very important in the antioxidant process. In addition to its antioxidant action with tea polyphenols, vitamin e is also an important supplier of nitric oxide pathways. In the study, it was shown that the degree of lipid peroxidation, the oxidation sensitivity of lipoprotein, and the cGMP content as a marker of nitric oxide activity in mice were measured before and after taking vitamin E. After taking vitamins, the concentration of nitrification triphosphate in the blood plasma of the mice decreased significantly, the degree of lipid peroxidation decreased, the oxidation sensitivity of lipoproteins decreased, and the content of cGMP in the blood increased. It is indicated that vitamin E is likely to be involved in the regulation of lipoproteins as a donor of the nitric oxide pathway. High-density lipoprotein in lipoprotein is often a risk factor for atherosclerotic vascular disease, but its oxidation reduces its binding to cells and accelerates its clearance, which is not conducive to the realization of its corresponding biological functions. . Studies have shown that the use of vitamin E can reduce the oxidative metabolism rate of high-density lipoprotein (HDL2) tenfold, and can prolong its retention time in blood vessels, but not for high-density lipoprotein (HDL3) Effect (Table 1) This indicates that vitamin E can play an antioxidant role against lipoproteins under the nitric oxide pathway. Table 1 shows the effects of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), and vitamin E on the oxidation rate and retention time of different types of lipoproteins. • Table 1 lipoprotein oxidation parameters MUFA FOFA FUFA+EF retention time such as adding LDL 742 i 56J ^ 2*4^ mu# HOL2 45 ^ 12Ja 133 lL6b 115.6 44c HDO 419 : 11,4 26.2 1.4.6 \9J ^ U o耷 耷 U iUhv. mm LOL 12 m 5,2 0J ' 5,5 LO aiis HOL2 36,2 ^ 6Φ1 24.6 * ^ 8 fiber HOL3 L\S TM 2 2 123 - U 0 値 is the average bauxite SE ° The concentration of 0^〇4 used for the determination of oxidation parameters: 1 for 200 fronts, 100//mol/L for HDL2, and 50/zmol/L for HDL3. As shown in Table 1, the numbers in the columns with different superscripts are significantly different. [Embodiment] Scheme 1 (Health care products for cardiovascular system for adolescent males with high blood lipids and other symptoms) Hawthorn extract llOmg
Vitamin E 粉 30I.U 精氨酸 900mg 製法:取精氨酸、山楂提取物及維生素E、糊精、澱粉、食用香精(各種口味均可, 優選山楂味或桔子口味)、阿斯巴甜,攪拌均勻,加入乙醇,過篩,製成顆粒,乾燥, 整粒,得到成品。 月艮用方法:用溫水沖調,輕輕攪拌至溶解後即可飲用,每曰一至兩份。 方案二(用於青少年女性血脂偏高等症狀的心血管系統的保健品) 9 200841827 山楂提取物 90mgVitamin E powder 30I.U Arginine 900mg Method: Take arginine, hawthorn extract and vitamin E, dextrin, starch, food flavor (all flavors, preferably hawthorn or orange flavor), aspartame, Stir well, add ethanol, sieve, pelletize, dry, and granulate to obtain the finished product. Method for monthly use: Mix with warm water, gently stir until dissolved and drink, one to two servings per serving. Scheme 2 (Health Products for Cardiovascular System for Adolescent Women with High Blood Lipids) 9 200841827 Hawthorn Extract 90mg
Vitamin E 粉 20I.U 精氨酸 700mg 製法:取精氨酸、山楂提取物及維生素E、糊精、殿盼、食用香精(各種口味均可, 優選山楂味或桔子口味)、阿斯巴甜,攪拌均勻,加入乙醇,過篩,製成顆粒,乾燥, 整粒,得到成品。 服用方法:用溫水沖調,$至輕攪拌至溶解後即可飲用,每日一至兩份。 方案三(用年男性心血管系統的雜品) 山楂提取物 300mgVitamin E powder 20I.U Arginine 700mg Method: Take arginine, hawthorn extract and vitamin E, dextrin, dinosaur, food flavor (all flavors, preferably hawthorn or orange flavor), aspartame Stir well, add ethanol, sieve, make granules, dry, whole grain, and get the finished product. How to use: Use warm water to make up, $ to stir until dissolved and drink, one or two times a day. Option 3 (Used in the male cardiovascular system) Hawthorn extract 300mg
Vitamin E 粉 60LU 精氨酸 2000mgVitamin E Powder 60LU Arginine 2000mg
製法:取精氨酸、山楂提取物及維生素E、糊精、潑粉、食用香精(各種口味均可, 優選山楂味或桂子口味)、阿斯巴甜,攪拌均勻,加入乙醇,過篩,製成顆粒,乾燥, 整粒,得到成品。 服用方法:用溫水沖調,輕輕攪拌至溶解後即可飲用,每日一至兩份。 方案四(用於保護成年女性心血管系統的保健品) 山楂提取物 260mgMethod: Take arginine, hawthorn extract and vitamin E, dextrin, splash powder, food flavor (all flavors, preferably hawthorn or cinnamon flavor), aspartame, stir evenly, add ethanol, sieve, It is made into granules, dried, and granulated to obtain a finished product. How to use: Mix with warm water, gently stir until dissolved and drink, one or two times a day. Option 4 (Health Products for Protecting the Cardiovascular System of Adult Women) Hawthorn Extract 260mg
Vitamin E 粉 60LU 精氨酸 1700mg 製法:取精氨酸、山楂提取物及維生素E、糊精、澱粉、食用香精(各種口味均可, 優選山楂味或桔子口味)、阿斯巴甜,攪拌均勻,力口入乙醇,過篩,製成顆粒,乾燥, 整粒,得到成品。 服用方法:用溫水沖調,輕輕攪拌至溶解後即可飲用,每日一至兩份。 方案五(用於成年男性心血管系統患者的輔助治療的保健品) 山楂提取物 800mgVitamin E powder 60LU arginine 1700mg Method: Take arginine, hawthorn extract and vitamin E, dextrin, starch, food flavor (all flavors, preferably hawthorn or orange flavor), aspartame, stir well , into the mouth, into the ethanol, sieving, granules, drying, whole grain, to get the finished product. How to use: Mix with warm water, gently stir until dissolved and drink, one or two times a day. Program 5 (Health supplement for adjuvant treatment of adult male cardiovascular system) Hawthorn extract 800mg
Vitamin E 粉 120I.U 精氨酸 .5000mg 製法:取精氨酸、山楂提取物及維生素E、糊精、勸盼、食用香精(各種口味均可, 優選山楂味或桔子口味)、阿斯巴甜,攪拌均勻,加入乙醇,過篩,製成顆粒,乾燥, 整粒,得到成品。 服用方法:用溫水沖調,輕輕攪拌至溶解後即可飲用,每日一至兩份。 方案六(用於成年女性心血管系統患者的輔助治療的保健品) 山楂提取物 600mgVitamin E Powder 120I.U Arginine. 5000mg Method: Take arginine, hawthorn extract and vitamin E, dextrin, persuasion, food flavor (all flavors, preferably hawthorn or orange), Asparta Sweet, stir well, add ethanol, sift, make granules, dry, whole grain, get the finished product. How to use: Mix with warm water, gently stir until dissolved and drink, one or two times a day. Program 6 (Health supplement for adjuvant treatment of cardiovascular system in adult women) Hawthorn extract 600mg
Vitamin E 粉 120I.U 精氨酸 4000mg 10 200841827 製法:取精氨酸、山楂提取物及維生素E、糊精、潑粉、食用香精(各種口味均可, 優選山楂味或桔子口味)、阿斯巴甜,攪拌均勻,加入乙醇,過篩,製成顆粒,乾燥, 整粒,得到成品。 服用方法:用溫水沖調,輕輕攪拌至溶解後即可飮用,每日一至兩份。 方案七(力瞳配方,心血管系統的備品)Vitamin E powder 120I.U arginine 4000mg 10 200841827 Method: Take arginine, hawthorn extract and vitamin E, dextrin, splash powder, food flavor (all flavors, preferably hawthorn or orange flavor), Aspen Ba-sweet, stir evenly, add ethanol, sieve, make granules, dry, whole grain, get the finished product. How to use: Mix with warm water, gently stir until dissolved, then use one or two servings a day. Scheme 7 (Strong formula, spare parts for cardiovascular system)
Vitamin E 粉 90LU 山楂提取物 lOOOmg 精氨酸 6000mg 製法:取主藥,糊精、殿粉,食用草莓香精,阿斯巴甜。攪拌均勻。加入乙醇, 過篩,製成顆粒,乾燥,整粒,得到成品。 服用方法:用溫水沖調,$至輕攪拌至溶解後即可飲用,每日一至兩份。 【圖式簡單說明】 ,圖1爲製備本發明中介紹的具有調節血壓及保護心腦血管系統作用的保健品的工 作流程。 圖2爲L·精氨酸在體內代謝反應生成一氧化氮及L-瓜氨酸的生物學過程。 【主要元件符號說明】 ① 精氨酸 ② 山楂提取物Vitamin E powder 90LU Hawthorn extract lOOOOmg arginine 6000mg Method: take the main drug, dextrin, temple powder, edible strawberry flavor, aspartame. Stir well. Ethanol is added, sieved, granulated, dried, and granulated to obtain a finished product. How to use: Use warm water to make up, $ to stir until dissolved and drink, one or two times a day. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a flow chart showing the preparation of a health care product for regulating blood pressure and protecting the cardiovascular and cerebrovascular system introduced in the present invention. Figure 2 shows the biological process by which L. arginine is metabolized in vivo to produce nitric oxide and L-citrulline. [Main component symbol description] 1 arginine 2 hawthorn extract
③ 維生素E ④ «料,如糊精、澱粉、食用香精等 ⑤ 加入乙醇 ⑥ 過箭 ⑦ 製成顆粒 ⑧ 乾燥 ⑨ 整粒 ⑩ 得到成品 a、爲L-精氨酸 11 200841827 b、 鈣及鈣調蛋白 c、 四氫葉酸 d、 煙醯胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸 e、 氧氣 f、 水 . g、 N-羥基-左旋精氨酸 h、 L-瓜氨酸 i、 一氧化氮3 Vitamin E 4 «Materials such as dextrin, starch, food flavor, etc. 5 Add ethanol 6 Arrow 7 Make granules 8 Dry 9 Whole grain 10 Get finished product a, L-arginine 11 200841827 b, Calcium and calcium Protein c, tetrahydrofolate d, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide e, oxygen f, water. g, N-hydroxy-L-arginine h, L-citrulline i, nitric oxide
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TWI671070B (en) * | 2015-02-17 | 2019-09-11 | 學校法人福岡大學 | Use of a flavonol skeleton-containing compound or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof for the manufacture of a medicament for the prophylaxis and treatment of a disease associated with activity of human chymosin |
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