TW200841656A - Transmission line system - Google Patents

Abstract

A transmission line system connects one or more of circuit elements in an integrated circuit. The transmission line system comprises first and second twisted pairs. The first twisted pair transmits a first differential signal, comprising two first transmission lines crossing each other to form first adjacent twists. The second twisted pair transmits a second differential signal, comprising two second transmission lines crossing each other to form a second twist. In the integrated circuit, the first and second twisted pairs extend substantially parallel to each other, and the second twist is substantially located between the first adjacent twists.

Description

200841656 · . 9. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field] The present invention relates to a transmission line system, in particular to a signal phase in quadrature without phase phase perturbation. Line system. [Prior Art] Digital communication is generally based on digital modulation techniques. Based on some special communication signals, the transmission and reception of communication signals are performed separately through transmitters and receivers. These digital modulation techniques utilize some signal modulators for vector modulation or quadrature modulation. Vector modulation signal or quadrature modulation signal refers to phase modulation and amplitude modulation according to in-phase (I) component and quadrature (Q) component. A signal in which an in-phase component and a quadrature component are combined to define a phase vector. When the transmission is subjected to vector modulation or quadrature modulation, the two modulation input signals independently modulate the I component and the Q division in the carrier signal. Therefore, the I and Q components of the carrier sfl number are also supplied to recover the two modulated input signals when the receiver performs signal demodulation. For proper operation, ideally, the I and Q components of the carrier signal must be tuned to have the same signal gain, ie, the gain is balanced, and the I and q components have a phase difference of 9 degrees, 0758-A32688TWF; MTKI-06-410; edward 5 200841656 - that is, in quadrature. The I and Q components of the carrier signal must be correctly generated and received by the modulator or demodulated variable to avoid gain or phase imbalance between components. Otherwise, the gain or phase imbalance will distort the digital communication signal sent by the τ, making it difficult to meet the requirements of the given spectrum mask, which reduces the overall communication connection. In an integrated circuit (1C), the transmission of signals 10 generally uses lines or strips as transmission lines between the electronic components. These transmission lines inevitably have an internal impedance and thus change the phase and amplitude of the transmitted signal. In addition, the signals transmitted in the transmission line are easily perturbed by interference from signals in adjacent signal lines. If the routing is not done well, the problems described above will be more serious. Improper routing may not only affect the transmitted signal itself, but may even result in unbalanced signal pairs. Therefore, once the gain equalization of the I component and the Q component and the phase difference are required, the winding inside the integrated circuit becomes very important.

James, in US Patent No. 7,088,981, entitled ''Apparatus for Reducing Flicker Noise in a Mixer Circuit,', discloses twisted pair lines, but does not discuss or teach how to equalize I and The gain and phase between the Q components. 〇758-A32688TWF; MTKI-06-410; edward 6 200841656 [Summary] The present invention therefore discloses a seed transmission line system for solving at least the circuit components of the above-mentioned circuit The transmission wheel (4) includes a twisted pair and a twisted pair. The first twisted pair transmits the first differential nick, and has two first transmission lines. The first transmission lines are adjacent to each other. The first twisted portion. The second twisted pair=number: two: the transmission line. The second transmission line crosses to form a 雔-in the integrated circuit, and the first twisted pair is adjacent to the second red line. And extending substantially parallel to each other. The second twist is located substantially between the adjacent first twists. The disclosed transmission line system can effectively balance the 1 and Q differentials and the phase 'to avoid external factors in the transmission process difference § fL number of adverse effects. [Embodiment] The following: two let: the purpose, characteristics, and advantages of the Ming can be more obvious and easy to understand, the second specification of the present invention provides different examples. The configuration of each component in the technique is for illustrative purposes, and is not intended to be used by Xia Feisi to refer to the correlation between different embodiments. The =Ganxia "invention #example" in the transmitter or receiver One or ο component of the device is connected by a thin twisted pair. For example, in an integrated circuit in the 758-A32688TWF; MTKl.〇6.4i〇; edward? 200841656-revenue, two pairs of twisted pairs are connected to the divider of the synthesizer and Mixer (between shirts and (8), use the 'differential signal of the carrier signal generated by the 'communication rate' and the Q differential signal (or 1 component and Q component). In addition, the twisted pair can also be used. Used in a transmitter or other part of the receiver. A =1 diagram shows a diagram of a transmission line system 100 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. The transmission line system 1 is formed in an integrated circuit with phases 4 pairs of twisted pairs 10 and 20. The twisted pair 1传输 of the transmission lines i〇a and Y〇b transmits the I differential signal in the carrier signal. The wide, and the human line 10 are connected to 1+ and ^ end, and 1+ and ^ end together serve as the differential wheel output of the I differential signal. The transmission lines 10a and 10b cross each other to form twists 12a and 12b. Similarly, the transmission line 2〇a and The twisted pair 20 formed by 2汕 transmits the Q differential signal in the carrier signal. The twisted pair 20 is connected to the q+ and > + together with the Q_ terminal as the differential output of the q differential signal. The transmission lines 20a and 20b intersect each other to form the twisted turn 22a, 22b and 22c. Ideally, the carrier signal is ! and Q differential δίΐ 7 The tigers are orthogonal to each other. The twisted pairs 10 and 20 extend substantially in parallel with each other. No matter the torsion 12a or 12b, there is no alignment with any of the torsions 22 & _2. Similarly, twisting None of the portions 22a-22c are aligned with any of the twisted portions 12a or 12b. As shown in Fig. 1, the twisted portion 12b of the twisted pair 10 is substantially at two adjacent twists of the twisted pair 20. Between 22b and 22c, and the twist 1 sand is substantially located between two adjacent twisted portions 12a and i2b 0758-A32688TWF of the twisted pair 10; MTKI-06-410; edward 8 200841656. Preferably, The torsion 12b is substantially located in the middle of the two adjacent torsions 22b and 22c, as shown, i.e., the length of the torsion hole respectively from the torsions 22b and 22c by a distance L/2. Similarly, the torsion 2沘 is roughly located at two adjacent twisted ends of the twisted pair 1〇 and 12b In the middle, that is, the length of the twisted portion 22b and the twisted portion 12b are respectively L/2. Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of three different transmission line systems, » Ϊ = and ^ the difference of I. Each transmission line (102, 104 or 106) has four lines connected to 1+, Bu Q+, and Q-end. Among the four lines in the transmission line system 1〇2, the line is crossed with the other lines, in other words, the lines are completely flush with each other. The transmission line system 104 has a pair of twisted pairs. As the first, the -^ in the transmission line system 104 is aligned with the corresponding torsion in the other twisted pair. Pass = There are also two twisted pairs. Although the multiple twists of the I (upper) double-line in the transmission line system i 06 are aligned with the transmission line system 忉=turn, the transmission line system has 1扭转6 twists and is located just two phases of the transmission line system line. In the middle of the adjacent twist. As shown in Figure 2亍

The total length of a transmission line system is 3L, and except for the most C, the two torsion points of the mother twisted pair are clearly divided equally...so each length is a knife, and the length of the heart is two. _, just in the total length of the positive and the second: the remaining line is only one of the two twisted pairs of the two (four) twisted money is her ^. Other tasks 758-A32688TWF; MTKl.〇6-410; edward 9 200841656 The 3a-3c diagram shows the theoretical perturbations of the transmission line systems 102, 104 and 106 = 1+, Q+, and Q-vectors of the transmission wheel, respectively. the amount

Uheorehcal perturbat1〇n amounts) 4a-4c 2 The other j,,, and pages do not correspond to the transfer system, l〇4 and l〇6, and the schematic diagram of the 1 vector and Q vector according to the = . In the 3a-3c Q, a'+4="" solid arrow indicates I, :I+, I-, ^" in the disturbed, Q-inward, and the dotted arrow indicates the disturbed I, 1+, I-, Q, Q+, and Q_ vectors. Line 1〇Γ2 first In the second diagram, the L transmission in the transmission line system 102 is assisted by the near Q+ transmission line, so at the hth gentleman a 1 1 ^ angle. In the opposite direction, the Q+ vector is rotated counterclockwise by 102^, and the transmission line 1022 is also disturbed by the phase of the adjacent Q+ transmission line 3θ, so the direction in the %th figure is rotated by the deer & 丄^ Τ The location of the 1st station is also determined by the transmission line system 1〇4 in the torsion section/4 only the ιΓ transmission line 1G43 and the transmission line purchase _ the total ^ ^ Sat move 2/3. According to the class, the vector of the vector division (10) shown by the 7th and the third is only a slave. The transmission line system is based on ί = Q- transmission line 1044 and 1 transmission line _. The signal polarity on the analysis, 1 + vector and Q, Q pass = no, will be disturbed and rotated! (4) Angle, ί+弟曰3 Figure 2 The transmission line in the figure 糸JV rotates in the direction of the needle. Similarly, the first pass money 1G6, Q increase the line of the left half of the line ^ 〇 758-A32688TWF; MTKl-〇 6-41 〇; edward 200841656 to 1/3 of the j• pass line 1〇62 and 1/ 6 ι + transmission line I%〗. And because the right half of the Q+ transmission line 1064 maintains a sufficient distance from the Ί_transmission line 1〇62 and the gate of the transmission: ^, it is not subjected to the phase ', '^曰*, and the 3c picture can be derived. The phase perturbation of the ρ+ vector is 1/6*θ′, which is the total mixture of 1/3*θ and “/(4)*' can be derived to know the phase perturbation of the Q·vector in Fig. 3e The amount is -1/6*θ. As shown in Figure 2, the transmission line view and the transmission line 1

Or the coupling length of the Q-passing line 1063 is the same, so the I-vector in the kth figure is not disturbed by the Q+ transmission line 1〇64 and the Q_ transmission line 1〇63, and the phase disturbance amount is zero. From this we can see that the 1+ vector phase perturbation: will be zero, as shown in Figure 3c. The definition of 1 inward is the vector difference between the 1+ vector and the μ vector, and the 卩Q+ vector and the vector difference of the q_vector are defined in the 卩 direction. From Fig. 3a; it is inferred that in the transmission line system 1〇2, the j-vector and (^ vector are subjected to the phase k motion 疋Θ/2, but the direction is opposite, as shown in Fig. 4a. Similarly, in the transmission line In system 1〇4, the phase perturbations received by the j vector and the Q vector will be Θ/2, but in the opposite direction, as shown in Fig. 4b. However, in the transmission line system 106, the phase of the j vector and the Q vector are subjected. The disturbance will be zero, as shown in Fig. 4c. The work vector in Fig. 4c is not subject to phase perturbation because neither the 1+ vector nor the kernel vector is subjected to phase perturbation. The Q vector in Fig. 4c is still maintained. The vector difference of the vector angle is because the phase perturbations of the Q+ vector and the Q_vector are θ/6*θ and -1/6*θ, respectively, which exactly cancel each other, so that the vertical direction of the 4c picture is generated. Q vector. 075 8-A32688TWF; MTKI-06-410; edward 11 200841656 Can be two m, compare the third and the map to find the number of transmission lines in the brother 2: ':: signal and For the phase disturbance of the Q differential signal, the differential transmission efficiency is better. The first picture of 106 is similar to the second picture, and the second picture 2, 2: 204 and the application. However, the fifth picture; the same transmission line system diagram corresponding to the twisted pair more than a torsion Mother = intersection: _ is similar to the first and the formula is similar to the content of the above figure 2, here is not 4m square 2nd, 3a_3c [, 々, ,, Tian Xinshu. The transmission line system in the figure. Therefore, the 6C analysis It can also be applied to the schematic diagram of the theoretical disturbance amount of the transmission line amount in the fifth system 202, 204 and the transmission wheel 2 diagram. The second: [, .10, and Q-direction system tear, outline and 206俜== respectively corresponds to the J vector and Q out of the transmission line, the quantity is different:: ^ The transmission line system's transmission efficiency of the system 206 is clearly already = that the phase disturbance it receives is zero. , , , . Because the twisted pair of the twisted pair where the differential signal is located is not the same as the twisted pair where the differential signal is located. For example, the twisted pair in the 2_ wheel ^ system (10) (by 1 + transmission line wrist - It is said that there are two twists, and the other pair is composed of lines; = and Q-passing lines 1〇63 are formed only): However, the present invention is not limited thereto. For example, the number of the difference ..., : = can be "when the differential signal is on the twisted pair 2". Figure 8 is a transmission line system of another embodiment of the present invention. 3 0 - 亍 0758-A32688TWF; MTKI-06-410; edward 200841656 图 Figure T. In the figure of Fig. 8, in the circuit component 316 and the circuit component claws: the transmission line and the I-transmission line form a twisted pair having two twists, and the twisted pair formed by the Q-transmitting wheel and the Q·wheel line also have two Moreover, it is preferred that each twisted pair of the transmission line system be such that each transmission line has the same equivalent: 3⁄4 resistance and capacitance. Although the twisted pairs described above extend in the horizontal direction,

There are::: Turning, but this is not a limitation of the present invention. Fig. 9 is a diagram showing the transmission line system not according to the present invention - the transmission line system is completely sounded = every twisted pair of the 9th Sit is vertically turned on its connection path. Since the two twisted pairs do not cross each other and their vertical corners are approximately at the same position, the two twisted pairs are extended. As shown in the figure, the double-wide line and the twisted portion of the 1+ and 1_ transmission lines are located at the vertical corner, and the vertical corner is also the two of the twisted pair formed by the Q+ transmission line and the Q_ transmission line. Between the twists. Preferably, the different twisted pairs in the transmission line system use the same plurality of metal layers as in the semiconductor technology, thus achieving consistent

Electrical t number or load. However, different twisted pairs can also use the i-layer of the multi-spray, for example, the twisted-pair wood in the transmission line system uses the M1 and Ms. and the other twisted pair uses the metal layer M. The invention has been disclosed in the above preferred embodiments, but it is not intended to be limited to any skilled person, without departing from the essence of the invention, 758-A32688TWF; MTKI.〇6-4l〇; edward 13 200841656 The changes and refinements are therefore subject to the definition of the scope of the invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a transmission line system according to an embodiment of the present invention, and three different transmission line systems. Brother 3a-3c shows the second

The transmission of the 1+, I, q+K) W & transmission line is transmitted by ^ Q :, Q-direction 1 theoretical disturbance amount. Figure 4a-4c shows a schematic diagram of the product/day. Figure 5 of the I and Q vectors derived from the Ja3c diagram shows a schematic diagram of three different transmission line systems. The figure shows a schematic diagram of the theoretical perturbations of the second, I_, Q+, and Q-vectors of the transmission line system in Fig. 5, respectively. Figures 7a-7c show a schematic of the vector resulting from the $6a_6c plot.

Within the scope of God, a certain scope of protection can be seen. The application of the application 8 shows a schematic diagram of a transmission line system according to another embodiment of the present invention. Figure 9 shows a schematic diagram of another transmission line system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. , [Main component symbol description] Transmission line system ~100; Twisted pair ~10, 20; Transmission line ~ l〇a, 10b, 20a, 20b; 0758-A32688TWF; MTKl-06-410; edward 14 200841656 # Torsion point ~12a, 12b, 22a, 22b, 22c; transmission line system ~102, 104, 106; 1+ transmission line ~ 1021, 1041, 1061; I-transmission line ~ 1022, 1042, 1062; Q + transmission line ~ 1023, 1043, 1064; f Q-transmission line ~1024, 1044, 1063; transmission line system ~ 202, 204, 206; transmission line system ~ 300, 400; _ circuit components ~ 316, 318.

0758-A32688TWF; MTKI-06-410; edward 15

Claims (1)

200841656 . X. Application for Patent Park: 1.-A variety of transmission line system for connecting a circuit component, including at least one first twisted pair (iwisied pair) in the road, for transmitting the number ( Differentia! signa]), the first move f Han;; 苐-transmission line intertwined and "formed plural::: twists (twists); and F brother, two second twisted wire (twisied pair) For transmitting -: the two twisted pairs have two second transmission lines; two: the two lines intersect each other to form at least a second torsion; a transmission wheel is in the integrated circuit, the first The twisted pairs are adjacent to each other and substantially "phase", and the red and the red are substantially located between the adjacent first and second twists. The first, second, and second transmission lines of the first item The transmission line system of the first aspect of the invention, wherein the differential signal and the second differential signal are in contact with each other. Quad u The application of the transmission line system described in the first item of the patent range, wherein =: brother: transmission line phase Crossing to form a plurality of adjacent second twists::, Hai-e, etc., wherein the first one of the adjacent twists is substantially located in the middle of the twist: The transmission line system of claim 1, wherein 〇758-A32688TWF; MTKl-〇6-4i〇; edward 16 200841656 i. the first twisted pair and the second twisted pair are connected between the plurality of circuit elements, and The first twisted pair and the second twisted pair respectively provide the same number of twists between the circuit elements. 6. The transmission line system of claim 5, wherein the first twisted pair And the second twisted pair is provided with an even number of twists between the circuit elements, respectively: 7. The transmission line system of claim 1, wherein the first twisted pair and the second The twisted pair is connected between a divider and a mixing device. 8. The transmission line system of claim 1, wherein the first twisted pair and the second twisted pair use the integrated body The same complex metal layer in the circuit. 0758-A326B8TWF; MTKI-06-410; edward 17