200835192 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明-般係關於數位資料傳 -無線通訊系統提供開放迴路功率控：的為 置。 』w叹艮方法與裝 【先前技術】 ί; 某…、、、線m统中（例如正交分頻多卫⑽ r雙工（TDD)無線通訊“），—發射器（例如—)刀 必須決定滿；1接收器之信號強度要求所需的功率位準早兀) 可藉由該接收器(例如基地台)將資訊回饋至發射器來實現 (封閉迴路)，或可藉由發射器基於自該基地台所接所信號 的功率估計其自身發射功率需求來實現（開放迴路）。’u 封閉迴路功率控制提供更高正確性，但帶來使用額外頻 寬之成本。開放迴路功率控制不用作太多頻寬，但達不到 相同的準確度。此係由於該行動單元藉由比較對自基地台 之一信號的一局部接收之功率的估計與該信號之所發射功 率的一指示來計算路徑損失。則在估計自該基地台接收之 功率中的誤差可產生在計算行動單元所需之發射功率中的 誤差。 在一蜂巢式類型系統中，其中多個基地台之每一個伺服 一特定蜂巢小區，基地台經常會在臨近蜂巢小區中產生干 擾。此外，伺服具有多個發射器之一蜂巢小區的多個扇區 的基地台會產生區間干擾。在該等情形之任一者中，當一 行動單元嘗試決定歸因於該伺服發射器之信號功率時，其 127218.doc 200835192 亦可包括來自其他發射器而不是進行估計或測量中的飼服 發射器的干擾信號。此可發生，原因在於頻率重新使用其 中不同發射器使用相同頻率之計畫。若行動單元根據全部 接收之信號功率值（即自飼服發射器之功率以及自其他發 射器之功率）没定其自身發射功率，則可能將該發射功率 設定成一非理想位準。 功率控制的另-挑戰為多個調變方案之使用，其中各種 方案具有不同有效的訊號對雜訊比（SNR)需求。例如，當 自正交相移鍵控（QPSK)改變成16正交振幅調變（i6 qam) 時’信號功率可能需要增加6 dB以在#衰落通道下保持相 同解調變品質。若在使用QPSK時設定—發射功率位準， 且系統改變成16 QAM而不提高發射器功率位準，則可能 由於已將該發射器設定成最大功率位準，因而所接收解調 變信號可經受位元錯誤率（BER)之提高。或者，若在使用 16 QAM時言免定發射功率位準’且系統改變成⑽κ而不降 低發射器功率位準，則該發射器可引起不必要的干擾且浪200835192 IX. DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION: TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention generally relates to digital data transmission - a wireless communication system that provides open loop power control:. 』w sigh method and installation [previous technology] ί; a ...,,, line m system (such as orthogonal crossover multi-guard (10) r duplex (TDD) wireless communication "), - transmitter (for example -) knife Must be determined to be full; 1 the signal strength of the receiver requires the required power level early) can be achieved by the receiver (eg base station) feeding back information to the transmitter (closed loop), or by means of a transmitter It is realized based on the power of the signal received from the base station to estimate its own transmit power demand (open loop). 'u closed loop power control provides higher correctness, but brings the cost of using extra bandwidth. Open loop power control is not used Too much bandwidth, but not the same accuracy. This is because the mobile unit compares the estimate of the power received from a portion of the signal from the base station with an indication of the transmitted power of the signal. Calculating the path loss. The error in estimating the power received from the base station can produce an error in calculating the transmit power required by the mobile unit. In a cellular type system, where each of the plurality of base stations Servo-specific cellular cells, the base station often generates interference in the neighboring cell. In addition, the base station that has multiple sectors of the cellular cell with one of the multiple transmitters will generate interval interference. In any of these situations Among them, when an action unit attempts to determine the signal power attributed to the servo transmitter, its 127218.doc 200835192 may also include interference signals from other transmitters instead of the estimated or measured feed transmitter. This can happen because the frequency reuses the plan where the different transmitters use the same frequency. If the mobile unit is based on the total received signal power value (ie the power of the self-feeding transmitter and the power from other transmitters), it is not self-determined. The transmit power may set the transmit power to a non-ideal level. Another challenge of power control is the use of multiple modulation schemes, where various schemes have different effective signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) requirements. For example, When the self-quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) is changed to 16 quadrature amplitude modulation (i6 qam), the signal power may need to be increased by 6 dB. Maintain the same demodulation quality under the #fading channel. If you set the - transmit power level when using QPSK, and the system changes to 16 QAM without increasing the transmitter power level, it may be because the transmitter has been set to maximum The power level, and thus the received demodulated signal can be subject to an increase in bit error rate (BER). Or, if the 16 QAM is used, the transmit power level is 'indefinitely' and the system changes to (10) κ without reducing the transmitter power. Level, the transmitter can cause unnecessary interference and waves
費功率。 K 【發明内容】 藉由一無線通訊接收器件實現的開放迴路發射功率計算 僅使用歸因於飼服該無線器件之發射器件的所接收 率之部分，而非使用自所有發射器件的全部接收功^ :在 :項具體實施例中，（例如卜前置項之一可辨識信號特點 係用於識別自一伺服發射器之信號功率。在一些具體實施 例中，開放迴路功率控制亦可使用自封閉迴路功率控制會 127218.doc 200835192 期建立的發射功率限制，以最小化功率波動。數位按比例 調整資料值藉由在調變之前調整資料值來補償發射器功率 位準設定，以使調變波形包含與初始資料值所提供不同的 一功率位準。 前面已相當概況地概述本發明的特徵及技術優點，以便 更明白下列的本發明詳細說明。下文將說明本發明的額外 特徵及優點，其構成本發明的申請專利範圍標的。熟悉此 項技術人士應明白，可方便地利用所揭示的概念及特定具 體實施例，作為修改或設計用以實施本發明之相同目的之 其他結構的基礎。熟習此項技術人士亦應瞭解此類等效構 造並不脫離如隨附申請專利範圍提出的本發明之精神與範 疇。當結合附圖考慮時，自以下說明將更好的理解咸信為 本發明特徵之關於其組織與操作方法兩者的新穎特性，以 及其他目標與優點。應清楚瞭解的係，然而，每一圖僅提 供作說明與描述本發明之用，並非用作本發明之限制之定 義。 【實施方式】 圖1A顯示（例如）方法1〇之一項具體實施例，其根據本發 明用於實行開放迴路功率控制。結合圖以及⑶所述之程 序可在一處理器（例如圖4之處理器4〇3)中執行。 程序101經由測量、估計或使用其他合適方式決定所接 收#號功率。例如，可使用一接收信號強度指示。 然而，此功率位準決定可包括來自鄰近蜂巢小區或伺服一 蜂巢小區之其他扇區的發射器的功率。亦gp，該功率位準 127218.doc 200835192 可包括歸因於該飼服發射器（飼服器件）之部分，以及歸因 於其他發射器（非伺服器件之器件）之部分。 由於基於一傳入信號之初始功率與接收功率之間的差來 计异開放迴路功率控制所需之發射器功率，因此在決定接 收功率中之誤差可能產生在計算所需發射功率中之誤差。 因此，來自其他發射器之干擾可能為—誤差源。為減少此 &差，在程序H)2中衫單獨歸因於伺服器件之功率。 典型的蜂巢式系統基地台連同資料_起發送前置項或盆 他識別資訊。此識別資訊可用於決定包括全部接收功率之 ㈣分量的相關功率位準。例如’如圖所示，程序120 可識別來自伺服發射器之前置項，且（例如）程序i2i可決定 包含於該伺服發射器之前置項中的信號功率。經隔離之前 置項功率值可用於開放迴路計算。 Ο 或者，若程序120未摘測到—前置項（或者若該前置項未 產生-合適的功率位準），則程序122可識別來自鄰近蜂巢 小區或與接收信號交互相關之其他發射器之信號特性，以 便實現自該接收信號移除與此等信號相關聯之能量。隨後 決定剩餘信號功率以代表來自健發射器之信號。程序 1^2可使用任何可辨識之信號特點，該特點允許以一發射 器識別或相關聯信號功率。 利用自飼服發射器所接收信號功率之決定，程序103設 定行動器件的發射器功率位準。該祠服發射器通常不僅發 射其自身傳輸功率位準，亦發射用於正常接收所需之功率 位準盯動②件使用此資訊計算路徑損失及自身最小發射 127218.doc 200835192 功率。 一 OFDM-TDD系統可經常混合調變方案，但如上所述， 不同調變方案具有不同所需的SNR。若在使用QpSK時之 週期期間已設定該發射功率，則該SNR可能不夠高至足以 用於所有16 QAM字元。因此，方法10可經由程序1〇4進一 步執行數位按比例調整。下文將相對於圖3A至3C之討論 描述數位按比例調整。Power. K [Summary] The open loop transmit power calculation by a wireless communication receiving device uses only the portion of the received rate attributed to the transmitting device of the wireless device, instead of using all the received power from all the transmitting devices. ^ : In the specific embodiment, (for example, one of the identifiable signal characteristics is used to identify the signal power from a servo transmitter. In some embodiments, the open loop power control may also be used. Closed Loop Power Control 127218.doc 200835192 Established transmit power limit to minimize power fluctuations. Digitally scaled data values compensate transmitter power level settings by adjusting data values prior to modulation to modulate The waveforms contain a different level of power than that provided by the initial data values. The features and technical advantages of the present invention are set forth in the <RTIgt; It constitutes the subject matter of the patent application of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that it can be conveniently utilized. The concept of the invention, as well as the specific embodiments, are intended to be the basis of other structures that are modified or designed to carry out the same objectives of the invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art The spirit and scope of the present invention will be better understood from the following description when considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The drawings are provided for the purpose of illustration and description of the invention, and are not intended to be a limitation of the invention. FIG. 1A shows a specific embodiment of, for example, It is used in accordance with the present invention to implement open loop power control. The procedures described in connection with Figures and (3) can be performed in a processor (e.g., processor 4〇3 of Figure 4.) Program 101 via measurement, estimation, or other suitable means. Determining the received ## power. For example, a received signal strength indication can be used. However, this power level decision can include from neighboring cellular cells. The power of the transmitter of the other sector of the servo-homocere cell. Also gp, the power level 127218.doc 200835192 may include the portion attributed to the feeding device (feeding device) and due to other transmitters Part of the device (non-servo device). Since the transmitter power required for open loop power control is calculated based on the difference between the initial power and the received power of an incoming signal, the error in determining the received power may be The error in calculating the required transmit power is generated. Therefore, interference from other transmitters may be the source of the error. To reduce this & difference, in the program H) 2 the shirt is solely attributed to the power of the servo device. A typical cellular system base station together with data_ sends a pre-position or a pot identification information. This identification information can be used to determine the relevant power level including the (four) component of all received power. For example, as shown, the program 120 can identify the pre-term from the servo transmitter, and, for example, the program i2i can determine the signal power contained in the pre-term of the servo transmitter. The isolated power value can be used for open loop calculations before isolation. Ο Alternatively, if the program 120 does not measure the preamble (or if the preamble does not produce a suitable power level), the program 122 may identify other transmitters from neighboring cells or interacting with the received signal. The signal characteristics are such that energy associated with such signals is removed from the received signal. The residual signal power is then determined to represent the signal from the healthy transmitter. Program 1^2 can use any identifiable signal feature that allows identification or associated signal power with a transmitter. Using the decision of the signal power received by the self-feeding transmitter, routine 103 sets the transmitter power level of the mobile device. The transmitter usually transmits not only its own transmission power level, but also the power required for normal reception. Leveling 2 pieces Use this information to calculate the path loss and its own minimum transmission 127218.doc 200835192 power. An OFDM-TDD system can often mix modulation schemes, but as described above, different modulation schemes have different required SNRs. If the transmit power has been set during the period when QpSK is used, the SNR may not be high enough for all 16 QAM characters. Thus, method 10 can further perform digital scaling by program 1〇4. The digits described below are scaled relative to the discussion of Figures 3A through 3C.
圖2顯示（例如）方法20之一項具體實施例，其根據本發 明用於交替封閉迴路與開放迴路功率控制。在系統操作允 許呀，例如在一週期性基礎上，可使用封閉迴路功率控 制。接者在封閉迴路功率控制週期之間的時間間隔期間使 用開放迴路功率控制。此交替配置利用封閉迴路控制可用 日:的正確性’而不需要與全時封閉迴路控制相同的頻寬 量。在開放迴路控制週期期間，功率計算容易出錯，對於 Γ快速衰落通道而言更加顯著。減少開放迴路計算上的誤 差影響之一方法係基於在封閉迴路控制期間所用功率位準 設定可接受發射功率位準之—範圍。使用利用 準（封閉迴路回饋）建古夕*收 文+释才示 度的功率波動。亦即，當開放迴路 丨起過 預定義窗外時，使时円咖路十J曰不-發射功率在 使用乾圍®限制而非該計算 可為絕對功率位準或可以時間之形式 & 、制 變化之最大速率。 ，列如功率仅準 封閉迴路功率控岳| 手匕散ί以私序201開始然 於程序2(Π或程序2G3之任 可開始 者。在程序202期間，設定開 127218.doc 200835192 :迴：：率位準的可接受範圍及/或功率位準之變化速 :。開放迴路控制以程序2。3開始，且在系統資源允許 日^封閉迴路功率控制可再次以程序201開始。 猎由圖3A與3B說明數位按比例調整。圖3a顯示在數位 按整前’ 16 QAM信號之群集3〇。群集30係4乘4的 直線配置，其包括16個信號，編號為30U至316a。圖中的 軸表示兩個不同信號基地的相對相位與強度。#圖从可 見，不同信號具有不同功率位準。例如，信號3〇4a之功率 比信號307a多’即使其皆包含相同的信號基地比率。每一 發射器功率位準設定均存在此功率差異。亦即，不論是否 將一發射器設定成最大或最小功率，仍將以大於信號3〇7a 之功率發射信號304a。因此，即使將一發射器設定成最大 位準，則不會以該發射器可能產生之功率的最大量發射信 號307a。若雜訊或干擾位準很高，則有可能在信號儿乜產 生剛好能接受之SNR位準時，信號307可低於一可接受snr 位準。 圖3B顯示數位按比例調整後之群集30。可看到，如圖 3A所示，信號30lb至316b已自其初始位置被按比例調整。 同樣，群集30係16 QAM信號之一直線配置。比較圖3A與 3B可見，對於一按比例調整前設定的給定發射器（圖3A)， 群集3 0包含相對較低功率，而對於按比例調整後的給定發 射器（圖3B)，群集30具有相對較高功率。可在調變前調整 產生此類調變信號的資料，以產生群集30之調變信號3〇ib 至3 16b。如上所述，對於自QPSK至16 QAM的調變改變， 127218.doc -10- 200835192 當SNR需求改變時，此一改變可為必需的，但行動翠元未 調整發射器功率位準設定。 、圖4顯示系統4〇,其根據本發明之_項具體實施例調適 成實行功率控制。在天線4G1處接收之信號包括來自祠服 發射器之信號與其上述其他發射器之信號兩者。功率表 402測定所接收信號功率值。功率表4〇2與處理器*们之組 合決定歸因於伺服發射器之所接收信？虎功帛的部分。處理 器403亦設定發射器4〇5之功率並控制在開放迴路與封閉迴 路功率控制週期之間的轉變。處理器4〇3與調變器4〇4亦借 助於數位按比例調整實行資料調變。調變器4〇4提供信號 至發射器405，該等信號隨後透過天線4〇丨予以傳送。 雖然已詳細說明本發明及其優點，但是應明白可對本文 進行各種變更、替換及修改，而不會脫離如隨附申請專利 範圍定義的本發明精神及範疇。此外，本申請案之範疇並 非意欲限於說明書中所說明之程序、機器、製造、物質組 成物、構件、方法及步驟之特定具體實施例。從本發明之 揭不内容，熟習此項技術者將容易明白，依據本發明可使 用目如已存在或以後將要開發的實行與本文所說明之對應 具體實施例實質上相同之功能或獲得實質上相同結果之程 序機器、製造、物質組成物、構件、方法或步驟。因 此，意欲該等隨附申請專利範圍在其範疇内包括此類程 序、機器、製造、物質組成物、構件、方法或步驟。 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1 A與1B顯示根據本發明實行開放迴路功率控制的一 127218.doc -11 - 200835192 方法的一項具體實施例； 圖2顯示根據本發明用於交替封閉迴路與開放迴路功率 控制之一方法的一項具體實施例； 圖3A顯示16 QAM信號之一示範性群集； 圖3B描述根據本發明使用16 QAM信號之一示範性群集 的一數位按比例調整；以及 圖4顯示根據本發明之一項具體實施例調適成實行功率 控制的系統。 【主要元件符號說明】 40 系統 401 天線 402 功率表 403 處理器 404 調變器 405 發射器 127218.doc -12-2 shows, for example, a specific embodiment of method 20 for alternating closed loop and open loop power control in accordance with the present invention. Closed loop power control can be used when system operation allows, for example, on a periodic basis. The open loop power control is used during the time interval between closed loop power control cycles. This alternate configuration utilizes closed loop control for the correctness of the available day' without the need for the same amount of bandwidth as the full-time closed loop control. During the open loop control cycle, power calculations are prone to errors and are more pronounced for fast fading channels. One method of reducing the effects of errors in open loop calculations is based on the power level used during closed loop control to set the range of acceptable transmit power levels. Use the quasi-closed loop feedback to build the power fluctuations of the old-fashioned *received + release. That is, when the open loop is lifted out of the predefined window, the time is not used - the transmit power is limited by the use of the dry fence®, and the calculation may be in the form of absolute power level or time. The maximum rate of change. , such as power only quasi-closed loop power control Yue | hand 匕 ί 以 private order 201 begins with program 2 (Π or program 2G3 can start. In the process of 202, set open 127218.doc 200835192: back: : The acceptable range of rate and / or the rate of change of the power level: Open loop control begins with program 2. 3, and the closed loop power control can be started again with program 201 on the system resource allowable day. 3A and 3B illustrate the proportional adjustment of the digits. Figure 3a shows the clustering of the '16 QAM signals in the digits before the whole. The cluster 30 is a 4 by 4 straight line configuration, which includes 16 signals, numbered 30U to 316a. The axis represents the relative phase and intensity of two different signal bases. #图从从不同, different signals have different power levels. For example, the signal 3〇4a has more power than the signal 307a even though they all contain the same signal base ratio. There is this power difference for each transmitter power level setting. That is, whether or not a transmitter is set to the maximum or minimum power, the signal 304a will still be transmitted at a power greater than the signal 3〇7a. Therefore, even one will be If the emitter is set to the maximum level, the signal 307a will not be transmitted at the maximum amount of power that the transmitter may generate. If the noise or interference level is high, it is possible to generate an SNR bit that is just acceptable in the signal. On time, signal 307 can be below an acceptable snr level.Figure 3B shows a digitally scaled cluster 30. As can be seen, as shown in Figure 3A, signals 30lb through 316b have been scaled from their initial positions. Similarly, cluster 30 is a linear configuration of one of the 16 QAM signals. Comparing Figures 3A and 3B, for a given transmitter set up prior to scaling (Figure 3A), cluster 30 contains relatively low power, and for scaling After a given transmitter (Fig. 3B), cluster 30 has a relatively high power. The data that produces such a modulated signal can be adjusted prior to modulation to produce modulated signals 3〇ib through 3 16b of cluster 30. Said, for the modulation change from QPSK to 16 QAM, 127218.doc -10- 200835192 This change may be necessary when the SNR requirement changes, but the action Cuiyuan does not adjust the transmitter power level setting. 4 display system 4〇, which is based on DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The embodiment is adapted to perform power control. The signal received at antenna 4G1 includes both signals from the transmitter and its other transmitters. Power meter 402 measures the received signal power value. The combination of 4〇2 and processor* determines the portion of the servo transmitter that is received by the servo transmitter. The processor 403 also sets the power of the transmitter 4〇5 and controls the power control in the open loop and closed loop. The transition between cycles. The processor 4〇3 and the modulator 4〇4 also perform data modulation by means of digital scaling. The modulator 4〇4 provides a signal to the transmitter 405, which is then transmitted through the antenna 4〇丨. Having described the invention and its advantages, it is understood that various changes, substitutions and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. In addition, the scope of the present application is not intended to be limited to the specific embodiments of the procedures, machine, manufacture, compositions, components, methods, and steps described in the specification. From the disclosure of the present invention, it will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art that, in accordance with the present invention, a function that is substantially the same as that of the corresponding embodiments described herein, or substantially Program machine, manufacture, material composition, component, method or procedure of the same result. Accordingly, the scope of the appended claims is intended to include such procedures, machines, manufacture, compositions, components, methods or steps. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figures 1A and 1B show a specific embodiment of a method of implementing open loop power control in accordance with the present invention, 127218.doc -11 - 200835192; Figure 2 shows an alternate closed loop and opening in accordance with the present invention. A specific embodiment of one of the methods of loop power control; FIG. 3A shows an exemplary cluster of one of the 16 QAM signals; FIG. 3B depicts a digital scaling of an exemplary cluster using one of the 16 QAM signals in accordance with the present invention; and FIG. A system adapted to perform power control in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention is shown. [Main component symbol description] 40 System 401 Antenna 402 Power meter 403 Processor 404 Modulator 405 Transmitter 127218.doc -12-