200829786 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於一種關門器。 【先前技術】 對專業人士而言，可由例如歐洲專利案拉> 756 B1習知 一種關門器。該關門器之外殼内，設有一魚尾形滑車，作為轉 動/平移之轉換器。該關門器之基本原理，係一偏心凸輪，該凸 輪會因門扇之旋轉而轉動。魚尾形滑車具支撐滾輪及壓力滾 輪，而凸輪則以作用力完全嚙合之方式置於兩滾輪之間。如此 一來，凸輪之旋轉運動會轉變成魚尾形滑車之直線運動。於此 =線運動之方向上，有一能量儲存器例如彈簧，開始儲存能 里。被儲存之能量可推動魚尾形滑車之回復運動，使凸輪及其 相連之驅動軸開始旋轉。該旋轉運動，係用來將門扇關上。/、200829786 IX. Description of the invention: [Technical field to which the invention pertains] The present invention relates to a door closer. [Prior Art] A door closer is known to a person skilled in the art, for example, from European Patent Laid-Open No. 756 B1. Inside the housing of the door closer, a fishtail block is provided as a rotary/translation converter. The basic principle of the door closer is an eccentric cam that rotates due to the rotation of the door leaf. The fishtail slide supports the roller and the pressure roller, while the cam is placed between the rollers with full force. As a result, the rotary motion of the cam translates into a linear motion of the fishtail. In the direction of the motion of the line, there is an energy storage device such as a spring to start storing energy. The stored energy promotes the return movement of the fishtail block, causing the cam and its associated drive shaft to begin to rotate. This rotary motion is used to close the door leaf. /,
曰前述歐洲專利案所公開之關門器具一形式為壓力彈簧 里儲存器。鮮簧其巾—端架於外殼之凸緣上，而另 不與魚尾形滑車相連之活塞上。將活塞安裝於關門器外 之步驟十分麻煩，係其缺點。由於彈簧之支關_凸緣，ς 2形滑車及彈簧只能由外殼姆兩_人。錢， 很費工夫地以螺絲固定於魚尾形滑車上。 ，、 此外，利in-活塞桿，使活塞與魚尾形滑車相連之 亦為既知。該種連接方纽前述糊更便宜。然而，二、’ 入。其次係安裝時，該魚尾形滑車之：The closing appliance disclosed in the aforementioned European Patent is in the form of a reservoir in a compression spring. The fresh spring towel is placed on the flange of the outer casing and is not attached to the piston of the fishtail. The step of installing the piston outside the door closer is cumbersome and is a disadvantage. Due to the support of the spring _ flange, ς 2-shaped pulley and spring can only be by the shell two _ people. Money, very hard to fix on the fishtail block with screws. In addition, the in-piston rod is also known to connect the piston to the fishtail block. The aforementioned paste is cheaper. However, second, 'into. Secondly, when installing, the fishtail block:
Lr 因此’外殼須採用十分繁複、多件式乏 叹叶，以使科已被安裝於外如之魚尾形 能^ 相對提高成本。 由麵會“生紅複雜度，並 6 200829786 因此，本發明之任務係根據前述之先前技術，創造一種關 門咨，該關門器能以最少之生產步驟，完成每一零件之簡單安 、本任務之解決方式，係以具有申請專利範園第丨項所述特徵 《關門器而達成。在憎相範園第2項至第ls項之附屬專利令Lr is therefore required to use a very cumbersome, multi-part stalked leaf so that the section has been installed outside the fishtail shape to increase the cost. The meeting will be "red complex" and 6 200829786. Therefore, the task of the present invention is to create a door closure according to the prior art described above, which can complete the simple safety and security of each part with a minimum of production steps. The solution to the task is achieved by the door closing device with the characteristics described in the application for the patent garden. The subsidiary patent order in items 2 to ls of the Fan Xiang Fan Park
本發明之關門器具-驅動轴，該軸與門扇相連且能轉動。 驅動軸於關門器之外殼_與-凸輪相連，該凸輪係置於至少 -支撐Tt件及至少-壓力元件之間。凸輪整件顧心之形狀。 ^撐元件及壓力元㈣安裝於魚尾精車上。關門器之外殼内 =有-、kf活塞，該活塞將外殼崎填充之壓力劑分成兩壓力 直w，活墓另一‘則與魚尾形滑車相連。此外，外殼内亦設有 二彈簧’該彈簧-端與活塞作用，而另—端則與外殼作用。活 ，件係多件式設計。活塞具—耦合元件及—外部元件，_ α件以至少局部吻合之方式，架於外部元件之空腔内。外部 兀件之空腔及_合元件之外表面分職有—個以上之凹槽，以 使外部7L件及_合元件能相互結合。凹槽内設有_張力環，使 結合於r起。根據本發明，凹槽之設計方式，使張力環 万；女裝後被架於活塞内部，外部無法觸及。The door closing appliance of the present invention is a drive shaft that is coupled to the door leaf and is rotatable. The drive shaft is coupled to the housing _ of the door closer, the cam being disposed between at least the support Tt member and at least the pressure member. The whole shape of the cam is taken care of. The support element and the pressure element (4) are mounted on the fish tail fine car. Inside the door of the door closer = with -, kf piston, the piston divides the pressure agent filled with the outer shell into two pressures, and the other one is connected to the fishtail. In addition, there are two springs in the outer casing. The spring end acts on the piston and the other end acts on the outer casing. Live, the piece is multi-piece design. The piston-coupling element and the external component, the _alpha member, are placed in the cavity of the outer component in an at least partially anastomosed manner. The outer cavity and the outer surface of the component have more than one groove, so that the outer 7L and the _ component can be combined with each other. A _ tension ring is provided in the groove to make it combine with r. According to the present invention, the groove is designed in such a way that the tension ring is worn; the women's clothing is placed inside the piston and the outside cannot be touched.
將外部元件推進外殼之圓 成。當轉合元件被推進外 凸緣上。魚尾形滑車則由凸緣之另一側 明該魚尾賴車已贼她合元件相連 徑必須能通過凸緣，也能穿過彈簧。將 柱形框架後，本發明之關門器即已完成 200829786 邵元件之内部時，張力環便結合兩元件並形成活塞。隨著設計 之不同，安裝外部元件及耦合元件時，亦能同時為彈簧進行預 壓。 本發明之活塞，使關門器得以簡單構造及便宜生產。耦合 元件及魚尾形滑車之連結，可於該元件被組裝至外殼内部前預 先進行。利用張力環連接外部元件及耦合元件之方式，能保證 一自主及自動的連結。只要本發明之張力環進入活塞内部，外 邵便無法觸及。該種組裝方式，除了後續無法拆卸之外，還可 保證耗合元件與外部元件完全結合。 藉由本發明之模組化活塞結構，可使一耦合元件與不同尺 寸及不同形狀之外部元件相結合。隨著門扇之大小、重量、及 架設方式之不同，關門器也需不同之能量儲存器。需對應變化 的係彈簧及關門器之外殼直徑。而相同之魚尾形滑車及本發明 之耦合元件，因與其無涉，可永遠採用。唯一要確保的係外部 元件之空腔必須完全相同。利用該種模組化構造，可大量生產 魚尾形滑車及耦合元件，而與後續被安裝於何種關門器内，無 任何關聯。 隨著關門器之外殼内所填充的壓力劑不同，外部元件也必 須設有不同大小之壓力劑通孔。當壓力劑為液體，例如油或 水’其通孔之閥門設計與壓力劑為氣體時，例如空氣，係不相 同的。 隨著應用目的之不同，將外部元件加以硬化，係有益的。 有利之硬度係45HRC至65HRC，尤其係50HRC至56HRC。隨著 應用目的之不同，外部元件及耦合元件可由鋼鐵、不鏽鋼、禱 鐵、或塑膠製成。若壓力劑係採用氣體時，以後者較偏好。 8 200829786 可考慮以單件構成魚尾形滑車及轉合元件。視應用場合， 亦可採用-截面為τ形之搞合树。搞合树—般均呈圓柱形構 造丄以便與外部元件之空腔以完全吻合之方式組合在一起。在 .特定應用中，將輕合元件做成如缺角之圓柱形時，係有益的。 該耦合元件之底部表面，則為一截圓。 耦合元件及外部元件之連結，係由-張力環而完成。張力 械-機械元件，其作用係將軸向上之元件結合一起。張力環 (' I由曲成環狀之彈簧鋼片製成。_，該環並非構成一完 整之環，而係局部被切斷之環。如此，則該環可在徑向上被擠 壓。當張力環後續再被鬆開時，則會在徑向上擴張。隨著應用 目的之不同’張力環之截面可為卿、觸形或正方形。視其 =面^不同，亦可於活塞兩元件之間考慮採用不同形狀之凹 槽。當張力環之截面係圓形時，將彼此對立之凹槽做成稜角狀 係相當合適的。經過組裝後，可使張力環達到一相 之組 裝狀態。 此外，若耦合元件設有一導入斜面，使耦合元件可輕易滑 (1 ^外°卩元件之空腔内，係有益的。以耦合元件之縱軸為基準， 當斜率為20度至40度，尤其係25度至35度時最為有利。即使係 外部元件亦可於空腔範圍内設置一斜坡。斜坡之作用如同漏 斗，為的是使耦合元件能輕易滑入。其斜率為5度至15度，尤其 係8度至12度時最為有利。 在本發明之另一種關門器組態中，魚尾形滑車及耦合元件 係以活基桿相連。活塞桿係插於耦合元件及魚尾形滑車之缝 裡。為防止活塞桿於使用中滑脫，耦合元件必須足夠深入外部 元件之空腔内，使空腔外緣至少能蓋住一部分之活塞桿。如此 9 200829786 一來，便能保證活塞桿不再由導入口滑脫。亦可考慮採用鉚釘 或螺絲取代活塞桿。 “ 【圖式簡單說明】 本發明之其他方式及優點，均於附屬專利申請項、後續之 說明文及圖式中加以詳述。各圖式一方面說明先前技術，一方 面則以許多應用實例之示意圖說明本發明。 各圖所示為： 圖一··一以示意圖表示之先前技術之關門器， 圖二：一以示意圖表示之本發明用於關門器之活塞，其具 一李馬合元件及一外部元件， 圖三：一穿過圖二之活塞之截面圖， 圖四：一穿過圖二之活塞之截面圖，其耦合元件已被組裝 至外部元件内， 圖五a、圖五b : —以截面放大圖之示意圖表示之耦合元件 及外部元件之凹槽及其内部所置之張力環的各種構造變化。 【實施方式】 圖一所示，係一種先前技術之關門器1〇。該關門器10具一 外殼15，外殼内設有一魚尾形滑車25。滑車上有一開口29，使 驅動軸20得以伸入。驅動軸20與一此處未繪出之門扇相連。有 一偏心凸輪22與驅動軸20相連。其連接方式可採用形狀吻合及/ 或作用力嚙合之方式。門扇之運動使凸輪22開始轉動。凸輪22 係裝設於三個支撐元件及壓力元件23、24之間，以使旋轉運動 轉變成直線運動。當驅動軸20以逆時針方向轉動時，凸輪22會 擠壓其中一壓力元件24，使魚尾形滑車25往外殼15之前端區域 16移動。 200829786 外殼15之後端區域17係圓柱形構造。該區域内設有一彈夢 28，其頂於外殼15之凸緣18上。魚尾形滑車25則穿過螺旋形彈 簧28内部，並藉由一活塞桿31與活塞30相連。單件式活塞3〇將 外殼15隔成第一壓力室26及第二壓力室27。兩壓力室26、27内 均填入壓力劑，例如油或芝氣。門扇開啟時，魚尾形滑車％合 ' 往外殼15之前端區域16移動。如此一來，彈簧28就會被壓縮。 為了使門扇再回復至初始位置，彈簧28所儲存之力量會轉化成 驅動軸20之轉動。此時，彈簧28便以外殼15之凸緣18為支點， ( 將活赢30推向外殼15底部。經由此一運動，壓力元件24會以順 時針方向推動凸輪22。在第二壓力室27内所儲存之壓力劑會被 活塞30壓縮。該壓力劑會經由此處並未繪出、設於活塞3〇上之 壓力劑通孔，由第二壓力室27流向第一壓力室26。壓力劑之流 里大小限制魚尾形滑車25之回復速度及相關連門扇之關門速 度。 本發明活塞30之構造如圖二所示。此處僅以示意圖表示之 魚尾形滑車25具一活塞桿31，用來與耦合元件4〇相連。在圖示 ( 之應用形式中，耦合元件40係呈圓柱形。然而如上文所述，本 發明之關門器10並不限定為此一形狀。因此，耦合元件4〇亦可 由一缺角之圓柱形構成。重要的係，架設於空腔内之缺角圓柱 至少必須局部與空腔51互相吻合，詳見圖三及圖四所示之圖。 針對該點，耦合元件40之外表面41至少必須有一部分與外部元 件50之空腔51具相同之幾何形狀。 韓合元件40内設有一凹槽42。此處所示之實施例中，張力 環60架於凹槽42内。此處所示之張力環係外張力環，該環於被 安裝至凹槽42内部前，先被壓縮然後才擴張。經由此一步驟能 保證耦合元件4〇及外部元件50之連結。 11 200829786 為了使耦合元件40能輕易及滑入外部元件5〇内，兩元件 4〇、5〇均設有導入斜面，如圖三所示。耦合元件設有一導入 斜面43 ’該斜面設置於耦合元件4〇朝向外部元件5〇之一侧。以 耦合元件40滑入外部元件50之導入軸為基準，斜面斜率以2〇度 至40度時為最佳，尤其係25度至36度。外部元件具一斜面53， 該斜面使空腔51呈漏斗形擴張。如此一來，當魚尾形滑車未完 全對正中心點時，耦合元件4〇也能輕易又安全的滑入空腔51 内。以辐合元件40及外部元件50共同之中心導入軸為基準，該 斜面53之斜率以5度至15度為最佳，尤其係8度至12度。 外部元件50及耦合元件40均設有凹槽42、52。該凹槽係用 來容納張力環60。此處所示之實施例中，張力環60係一外張力 環。因此，在耦合元件40中之凹槽42，必須能完全容納張力 環。此外，該凹槽42之深度必須比外部元件50上之凹槽52深。 外部元件50上之凹槽52深度應該約略為張力環60之直徑之一 半。經過組裝後，張力環60便由耦合元件40上之凹槽42擴張至 外邵元件50之凹槽52内。適當選用凹槽52之深度，能使張力環 60置於兩凹槽42、52各一半之處。如此一來，該張力環便能以 最佳方式，承受编合元件40之平移運動施加於張力環6〇上之剪 力。 " 外部元件50之凹槽52比耦合元件40之凹槽42深，亦可行。 其作用原理依然相同。此時，張力環60並非架於耦合元件4〇 上，而是預先架於外部元件50之凹槽52内。當外部元件50與李馬 合元件40組合時，張力環60不再被播進耦合元件40之凹槽内， 而是被耦合元件40擴開，然後再崁入兩凹槽42、52内。 耦合元件40内部設有一圓柱形之切除口44，其用以安裝活塞 桿31。魚尾形滑車25係經由一導口45插入耦合元件40中。橫插於 12 200829786 魚尾形滑車25之運動方向上之活塞桿31能確保兩者確實連結。在 其他優良組態中，亦可採用鉚釘或螺絲取代活塞桿31。此外，魚 尾形滑車25及耦合元件40之連接亦可採用單件式之連接，尤其係 單一材料式之連接。 本發明活塞30之構造，經組合後之狀態，係如圖四所示。耦 合元件40至少一部分與外部元件5〇之空腔51完全吻合。當耦合元 件40滑入空腔51内時，斜面53之作用就如一漏斗，將張力環⑼壓 鈿至凹槽42裡。只要耦合元件4〇持續往空腔51深入，直到張力環 60抵達凹槽52之高度時，張力環就會擴張。如此一來，耦合元件 40及外α卩元件5〇便結合在一起。如圖四所示，當搞合元件及外 部元件50結合一起後，唯有破壞才能觸及該張力環6〇。由於耦合 元件40係元全岔合於外部元件5〇内，即使利用工具也無法觸及張 力環。 在一凡全相反之設計中，即外部元件50之凹槽52比耦合元件 40之凹槽42深時，當耦合元件4〇滑入外部元件5〇時，張力環6〇會 先被擴張。只要耦合元件4〇持續往空腔51深入，直到張力環6〇抵 達凹槽之咼度時，張力環就會回復至原來之直徑，而該凹槽42之 尺寸使其回復。 假想本發明之活塞30被裝置於圖一所示之關門器中，可清楚 看出本發明之優點。關門器10於組裝時，魚尾形滑車25係由外殼 15之前端區域16伸入。此時，魚尾形滑車25係穿過截面積較狹窄 的、用以支撐彈簧28之凸緣18。所選用之凸緣ι8及彈簧28内徑， 必須使耦合元件40能穿過。根據本發明，外部元件5〇係由彈簧28 後方推進圓柱狀之區域17。此時，可使彈簧28預先被壓縮。利用 活塞30之兩元件上所設之斜面43、53，能使該元件輕易結合。只 要耦合元件40足夠深入外部元件5〇之空腔51内，張力環6〇便會將 13 200829786 兩7G件結合在一起。如此一來，彈簧28會被關於外殼15内，且一 端與活塞30作用，而另一端則與外殼15作用。 此外，圖四中展示了壓力劑通孔32、33，其使兩壓力室26、 27之間的壓力劑能相互流通。隨著壓力劑通孔、％尺寸之不 同’活塞30之回復速度及相對應門扇之關門速度會受到改變。此 外，也可在壓力劑通孔32、33内設置許多單向閥門，尤其係尺寸 不同之單向閥門。適當之閥門設計，可使流量隨著不同流動方向 而有不同’交化。門扇被開啟時，為了使壓力劑之流動所產生之阻 力為最小，此時的流量必須儘可能增大。當魚尾形滑車往反方向 和動時即關門時，目標是要產生一個最慢的運動，此時的流量 應為最小。 當門扇被開啟或關閉時，活塞3〇會於外殼15内運動。當運動 ^向改變時，作用力就會透過魚尾形滑車25及活塞桿31傳遞至活 ▲30。如圖四所示，搞合元件4〇於外部元件5〇上之運動，會在張 力環60上產生-剪力。凹槽52具有—比張力環6〇寬之寬度:如此 -來，2腔51内之|禺合元件4〇，便有-定之活動餘裕。魚尾形滑 車25及耦合元件4G可於外部元件5〇不動之㈣下移動。當張力環 60被架於凹槽52之邊緣，該環便會受到一剪力。這一點，亦展示 於圖五a中，該圖係圖四之截面放大圖’並展示張力環⑼之架設 方式。由圖上可看出，張力環60係分別架於兩凹槽42、52内。當 某-作用力，以作用力箭頭70之方向，經魚尾形滑車％作用於二 合元件40上時，張力環60就會將此作用力傳遞給外部元件5〇。被 施加之作用力70會逆向壓於彈簧28上，因賴彈簧雜外部元件 50上。此逆向作用於活塞30上之作用力會在張力環邠上產生一前 14 200829786 本發明另一組態中，張力環60可具圓形之截面，並穩定的架 於凹槽42、52内之斜切角上，如圖五b所示。該兩凹槽Μ、％， 分別具一斜切角46、56，該斜切角係相互平行且具有一與水平面 約呈^ _6(Τ之角度。利用此處所示之設計，便能以—絕佳方 力傳遞給張力環6G。該剪力會在張力_上施加—徑向之 r 外，張力環可具有杯彳# 处灸卜張力衩，僅是其中一例。此 凹槽42、52，^為相可同情面^狀、。活兩元件⑽、5〇上所設之 面。本發明之凹样 夕及凹奴42、52亦能具有任意之截 耗並不限定為正方形或斜切形。 15 200829786 【主要元件符號說明】 10 關門器 15 外殼 16 外殼之前端區域 17 外殼之後端區域 18 外殼之凸緣 20 驅動軸 22 凸輪 23 支撐元件 24 壓力元件 25 魚尾形滑車 26 第一壓力室 27 第二壓力室 28 彈簧 29 魚尾形滑車之開口 30 活塞 31 活塞桿 32 外部元件之壓力劑通孔 33 耦合元件之壓力劑通孔 40 搞合元件 41 耦合元件之外表面 42 耦合元件之凹槽 43 耦合元件之導入斜面 44 活塞桿之支點 45 魚尾形滑車之導口 46 凹槽之斜切角 16 200829786 50 外部元件 51 外部元件之空腔 52 外部元件之凹槽 53 外部元件空槍内之斜面 56 凹槽之斜切角 60 張力環 70 作用力Push the external components into the outer casing. When the turning element is pushed onto the outer flange. The fishtail block is made up of the other side of the flange. The fishtail sneak thief has a thief. The connecting path must pass through the flange and pass through the spring. After the cylindrical frame, the door closer of the present invention has completed the interior of the 200829786 Shao element, the tension ring combines the two components and forms a piston. Depending on the design, the springs can be preloaded simultaneously when the external components and coupling components are installed. The piston of the present invention enables the door closer to be constructed simply and inexpensively. The coupling of the coupling element and the fishtail block can be carried out before the component is assembled inside the casing. The use of tension rings to connect external components and coupling components ensures an autonomous and automatic connection. As long as the tension ring of the present invention enters the interior of the piston, the outer shaft cannot be accessed. This type of assembly, in addition to the subsequent inability to disassemble, ensures that the consumable components are fully integrated with the external components. With the modular piston structure of the present invention, a coupling element can be combined with external components of different sizes and shapes. With the size, weight, and erection of the door leaf, the door closer also requires a different energy storage. The diameter of the casing and the door closer of the door closer should be changed. The same fishtail block and the coupling element of the present invention can be used forever because it is not involved. The only cavity to be secured is the same cavity. With this modular construction, the fishtail block and the coupling element can be mass-produced without any connection to what kind of door closers are subsequently installed. As the pressure agent filled in the outer casing of the door closer is different, the external components must also be provided with different sizes of pressure agent through holes. When the pressure agent is a liquid, such as oil or water, the valve design of the through hole is different from that of the pressure agent, such as air. It is beneficial to harden the external components as the purpose of the application is different. Advantageously, the hardness is from 45 HRC to 65 HRC, especially from 50 HRC to 56 HRC. The external components and coupling components can be made of steel, stainless steel, iron, or plastic, depending on the application. If the pressure agent is a gas, the latter is preferred. 8 200829786 It is conceivable to form a fishtail block and a turning element in a single piece. Depending on the application, a cross-section of the τ shape can also be used. The tree is generally cylindrical in shape so as to be combined with the cavity of the outer component in a perfect fit. In a particular application, it may be beneficial to form the light-bonding element into a cylindrical shape such as a corner. The bottom surface of the coupling element is a truncated circle. The coupling of the coupling element and the external element is accomplished by a tension ring. Tensile mechanical-mechanical components whose function is to combine elements in the axial direction. The tension ring ('I is made of a spring steel sheet that is curved into a ring. _, the ring does not constitute a complete ring, but is a partially cut ring. Thus, the ring can be squeezed in the radial direction. When the tension ring is subsequently loosened, it will expand in the radial direction. The difference of the purpose of the 'tension ring' can be clear, touch or square. Depending on its = surface, it can also be two components of the piston. It is considered to use grooves of different shapes. When the section of the tension ring is circular, it is quite suitable to make the grooves opposite to each other into an angular shape. After assembly, the tension ring can be assembled into one phase. In addition, if the coupling element is provided with a lead-in chamfer, the coupling element can be easily slipped (1 ^ outside the inside of the cavity of the element, which is beneficial. Based on the longitudinal axis of the coupling element, when the slope is 20 to 40 degrees, In particular, it is most advantageous when it is 25 to 35 degrees. Even if it is an external component, a slope can be provided in the cavity. The slope acts like a funnel in order to allow the coupling element to slide easily. The slope is 5 to 15 Degrees, especially between 8 and 12 degrees, are most advantageous. In another type of door closer configuration of the present invention, the fishtail block and the coupling element are connected by a living base rod. The piston rod is inserted in the coupling element and the fishtail block. To prevent the piston rod from slipping during use, The coupling element must be deep enough into the cavity of the external component so that the outer edge of the cavity can cover at least a portion of the piston rod. Thus, in 2008 2008, the piston rod can no longer be slipped off the inlet. It is also possible to use rivets. Or a screw instead of a piston rod. "A brief description of the drawings. Other aspects and advantages of the present invention are detailed in the accompanying patent application, the following description and the drawings. The invention is illustrated by a schematic diagram of a plurality of application examples. Each figure shows: Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art door closer, and Figure 2 is a schematic view of the piston of the invention for a door closer. It has a Li-Ma component and an external component. Figure 3: A cross-section through the piston of Figure 2, Figure 4: A cross-section through the piston of Figure 2, the coupling element has Assembling into the external component, Fig. 5a, Fig. 5b: - various structural changes of the coupling element and the groove of the external component and the tension ring placed inside thereof in the schematic diagram of the enlarged cross section. Shown is a prior art door closer 1 . The door closer 10 has a casing 15 having a fishtail block 25 therein. The pulley has an opening 29 for allowing the drive shaft 20 to extend. The drive shaft 20 and the The door leaf is not shown here. An eccentric cam 22 is connected to the drive shaft 20. The connection mode can be formed by shape matching and/or force meshing. The movement of the door leaf causes the cam 22 to start rotating. The cam 22 is mounted on the cam 22 Between the three support members and the pressure members 23, 24, the rotary motion is converted into a linear motion. When the drive shaft 20 is rotated in the counterclockwise direction, the cam 22 presses one of the pressure members 24 to cause the fishtail block 25 to The front end region 16 of the outer casing 15 moves. 200829786 The rear end region 17 of the outer casing 15 is cylindrical in configuration. A play 28 is placed in the area which is placed over the flange 18 of the outer casing 15. The fishtail block 25 passes through the interior of the helical spring 28 and is coupled to the piston 30 by a piston rod 31. The one-piece piston 3 隔 partitions the outer casing 15 into a first pressure chamber 26 and a second pressure chamber 27. The pressure chambers 26, 27 are filled with a pressure agent such as oil or cheese. When the door leaf is opened, the fishtail block is moved to the front end region 16 of the outer casing 15. As a result, the spring 28 is compressed. In order to return the door leaf to its original position, the force stored by the spring 28 is translated into the rotation of the drive shaft 20. At this point, the spring 28 is pivoted with the flange 18 of the outer casing 15 (to push the live win 30 towards the bottom of the outer casing 15. Through this movement, the pressure element 24 will urge the cam 22 in a clockwise direction. In the second pressure chamber 27 The pressure agent stored therein is compressed by the piston 30. The pressure agent flows from the second pressure chamber 27 to the first pressure chamber 26 via a pressure agent through hole which is not shown here and is provided on the piston 3. The size of the flow of the agent limits the recovery speed of the fishtail block 25 and the closing speed of the associated door leaf. The structure of the piston 30 of the present invention is shown in Figure 2. The fishtail block 25, which is only schematically shown here, has a piston rod 31. It is used to connect with the coupling element 4 。. In the illustrated application form, the coupling element 40 is cylindrical. However, as described above, the door closer 10 of the present invention is not limited to this shape. Therefore, the coupling element 4〇 can also be formed by a cylindrical shape with a corner. The important system, the notched cylinders erected in the cavity must at least partially coincide with the cavity 51, as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4. The outer surface 41 of the coupling element 40 must be at least A portion has the same geometry as the cavity 51 of the outer member 50. The Korean component 40 is provided with a recess 42. In the embodiment shown here, the tension ring 60 is received in the recess 42. The tension ring is an outer tension ring which is compressed and then expanded before being mounted inside the recess 42. This step ensures the coupling of the coupling element 4 and the external element 50. 11 200829786 40 can easily and slide into the external component 5〇, both components 4〇, 5〇 are provided with a lead-in inclined surface, as shown in Figure 3. The coupling element is provided with a lead-in ramp 43' which is disposed on the coupling element 4〇 toward the external component One side of the 5 。. The slope of the inclined surface is preferably 2 to 40 degrees with respect to the introduction axis of the coupling element 40 sliding into the external element 50, especially 25 to 36 degrees. The external component has a slope 53 The bevel expands the cavity 51 in a funnel shape. Thus, when the fishtail is not completely aligned with the center point, the coupling element 4 can be easily and safely slid into the cavity 51. The converging element 40 and The external component 50 has a common center-introduction axis The slope of the slope 53 is preferably 5 to 15 degrees, especially 8 to 12. The outer member 50 and the coupling member 40 are each provided with grooves 42, 52. The groove is for receiving the tension ring 60. In the embodiment shown here, the tension ring 60 is an outer tension ring. Therefore, the groove 42 in the coupling element 40 must be able to completely accommodate the tension ring. Furthermore, the depth of the groove 42 must be greater than the external element. The groove 52 on the 50 is deep. The depth of the groove 52 on the outer member 50 should be approximately one-half the diameter of the tension ring 60. After assembly, the tension ring 60 is expanded by the groove 42 on the coupling member 40 to the outer member. The groove 52 is 50. The depth of the groove 52 is appropriately selected so that the tension ring 60 can be placed at half of each of the two grooves 42, 52. In this way, the tension ring can withstand the shear exerted by the translational movement of the knit element 40 on the tension ring 6〇 in an optimal manner. " The groove 52 of the outer member 50 is deeper than the groove 42 of the coupling member 40, and may be used. The principle of action remains the same. At this time, the tension ring 60 is not mounted on the coupling member 4, but is pre-framed in the recess 52 of the outer member 50. When the outer member 50 is combined with the diametrical member 40, the tension ring 60 is no longer slid into the recess of the coupling member 40, but is spread by the coupling member 40 and then plunged into the two recesses 42, 52. The coupling member 40 is internally provided with a cylindrical cutout 44 for mounting the piston rod 31. The fishtail block 25 is inserted into the coupling element 40 via a guide opening 45. The piston rod 31, which is inserted transversely in the direction of movement of the fishtail block 25 of 12 200829786, ensures that the two are indeed connected. In other good configurations, the piston rod 31 can also be replaced by rivets or screws. In addition, the connection of the fishtail block 25 and the coupling element 40 can also be a one-piece connection, in particular a single material connection. The structure of the piston 30 of the present invention, as shown in Figure 4, is combined. At least a portion of the coupling element 40 is fully coincident with the cavity 51 of the outer member 5. When the coupling element 40 slides into the cavity 51, the ramp 53 acts as a funnel, pressing the tension ring (9) into the recess 42. As long as the coupling element 4 continues deep into the cavity 51 until the tension ring 60 reaches the height of the groove 52, the tension ring expands. In this way, the coupling element 40 and the outer alpha element 5 are combined. As shown in Fig. 4, when the engaging element and the outer element 50 are combined together, the tension ring 6触 can be accessed only by destruction. Since the coupling element 40 is fully coupled to the external component 5, the tension ring cannot be accessed even with the tool. In a completely opposite design, i.e., the recess 52 of the outer member 50 is deeper than the recess 42 of the coupling member 40, the tension ring 6〇 is first expanded when the coupling member 4 is slid into the outer member 5〇. As long as the coupling element 4 〇 continues deep into the cavity 51 until the tension ring 6 〇 reaches the groove, the tension ring returns to its original diameter, and the groove 42 is sized to recover. It is assumed that the piston 30 of the present invention is installed in the door closer shown in Fig. 1, and the advantages of the present invention are apparent. When the door closer 10 is assembled, the fishtail block 25 is extended from the front end region 16 of the outer casing 15. At this time, the fishtail block 25 is passed through the flange 18 having a narrow cross-sectional area for supporting the spring 28. The flange ι8 and the inner diameter of the spring 28 are selected to allow the coupling element 40 to pass through. According to the invention, the outer element 5 is urged rearwardly by the spring 28 to the cylindrical region 17. At this time, the spring 28 can be compressed in advance. The elements can be easily joined by the inclined faces 43 and 53 provided on the two members of the piston 30. As long as the coupling element 40 is deep enough into the cavity 51 of the outer element 5, the tension ring 6 will combine the 13 200829786 two 7G pieces. As such, the spring 28 will be associated with the outer casing 15 and one end will act with the piston 30 while the other end will interact with the outer casing 15. Further, pressure agent through holes 32, 33 are shown in Fig. 4, which allow the pressure agents between the two pressure chambers 26, 27 to circulate. As the pressure agent through hole, the % size differs, the recovery speed of the piston 30 and the closing speed of the corresponding door leaf are changed. In addition, a plurality of one-way valves may be provided in the pressure agent through holes 32, 33, especially one-way valves of different sizes. Proper valve design allows the flow to vary with different flow directions. When the door leaf is opened, in order to minimize the resistance generated by the flow of the pressure agent, the flow rate at this time must be increased as much as possible. When the fishtail block is closed in the opposite direction and moving, the goal is to produce the slowest movement, at which point the flow should be minimal. When the door leaf is opened or closed, the piston 3〇 moves within the outer casing 15. When the motion direction changes, the force is transmitted to the live ▲ 30 through the fishtail block 25 and the piston rod 31. As shown in Fig. 4, the movement of the engaging element 4 on the outer member 5〇 produces a shearing force on the tension ring 60. The groove 52 has a width wider than that of the tension ring 6: such that, in the case of the two chambers 51, the element 4 has a predetermined margin. The fishtail block 25 and the coupling element 4G are movable under the outer element (4). When the tension ring 60 is placed at the edge of the recess 52, the loop is subjected to a shearing force. This is also shown in Figure 5a, which is an enlarged view of the section of Figure 4 and shows the erection of the tension ring (9). As can be seen from the figure, the tension ring 60 is respectively placed in the two grooves 42, 52. When a certain force, in the direction of the force arrow 70, acts on the second component 40 via the fishtail block %, the tension ring 60 transmits this force to the outer member 5〇. The applied force 70 will be pressed against the spring 28 in the reverse direction due to the spring miscellaneous external component 50. This force acting against the piston 30 will produce a front 14 on the tension ring. In another configuration of the invention, the tension ring 60 can have a circular cross section and be stably placed in the grooves 42, 52. The chamfer angle is shown in Figure 5b. The two grooves Μ, % have a chamfer angle 46, 56 respectively, and the chamfer angles are parallel to each other and have an angle of about _6 with the horizontal plane. With the design shown here, - excellent force is transmitted to the tension ring 6G. The shear force will be applied to the tension_-the radial direction r, and the tension ring may have the moxibustion tension at the cup 彳#, which is only one example. 52, ^ is a sympathetic surface, the surface of the two elements (10), 5 活. The concave eve and the concave slaves 42 and 52 of the present invention can also have any interception and is not limited to a square or 15 200829786 [Description of main components] 10 Door closer 15 Housing 16 Housing front end area 17 Housing rear end area 18 Housing flange 20 Drive shaft 22 Cam 23 Support element 24 Pressure element 25 Fishtail block 26 First Pressure chamber 27 Second pressure chamber 28 Spring 29 Fishtail block opening 30 Piston 31 Piston rod 32 External component pressure agent through hole 33 Coupling element pressure agent through hole 40 Engagement element 41 Coupling element outer surface 42 Coupling element Groove 43 Leading slanting face of the component 44 fulcrum of the piston rod 45 Guide port of the fishtail block 46 Angle of chamfering of the groove 16 200829786 50 External element 51 Cavity of the external component 52 Groove of the external component 53 Slope of the external component in the gun Angle of chamfering of groove 60 tension ring 70 force
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