200827536 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明涉及一種廢氣淨化裝置，特別是裝設於機車弓丨擎 之排氣管與其相銜接之消音裔間的一次空氣供應管與觸媒轉 化器的配置技術。 【先前技術】 機車引擎與汽車引擎不同，特別是二行程的機車引擎， 較易因燃燒不完全而排放有害廢氣，且汽車引擎配置有較為 完善的引擎控制單元(Engine Control Unit，ECU)，可讀取較多 的環境參數，以控制引擎正常運轉而降低有害廢氣的排放。 且知，無論是二行程機車引擎或是四行程的汽車或機車 引擎，皆會於廢氣排放管道上設置觸媒轉化器，它是由一金 屬筒體内披覆觸媒而成，該觸媒通常含有鈀(Pd)、鉑（p = _等貴金屬元素，其巾Pd^pt元素有利於將廢氣中有害的 CO及HC氧化成無害的C〇2&H2〇,且Rh元素有利於; 氣中有害的ΝΟχ(氮氧化物）還原成無害的Ν2及〇2，以爭⑸ 擎廢氣，進而減輕廢氣對外界空氣品質的影響。丨 在先前技術中，為了促進觸媒氧化廢氣的效率，通常合 在以氧化作用為目的之觸媒轉化器前方導入二 “ 媒獲得就的氧(〇2)，以利將⑺及HC氧化成叫及ηΓ〇 相關的應用已見公開於曰本特開第隱3644〇號專利 不出-種引擎廢氣淨化裂置，係在肖音器之前的 _ 上設置-腔室，：以容置二觸媒轉化器，並於其間適日=; 入一次空軋，使刖置觸媒轉化器中的觸媒能與廢氣產生還原 5 200827536 作用’並藉由所導入之二次办5 媒能與廢氣產生氧化作用，觸媒轉化器中的觸 目的。惟其缺點在二次* ，化廢氣中有害物質的 轉化器僅能突顯出還:廢氣:二關：:r其前、後置觸媒 —欠空氣被關閉而減弱，故不利於氧平^廢氣的作用將隨二 此外，本國第⑵樣號專利並八；^敢備的淨化效率。 與上述不同之 亚"^開有一種引擎裝置，其 :前段二次空氣供應;置===，:氣管端增設 盗之間的後段二次空氣供 又於别、後置觸媒轉化 置觸媒轉化器φ&辟姐^罝觸媒軏化裔充足的氧，使前 時氧化廢氣，更可乂二' 1 以在開啟前段二次空氣供應管 氣。惟其缺畔在^ \ ^閉别段二次^氣供應管時還原廢 時，二’當該前、後段二次^氣供應管同時開啟 廢氣用前、後置觸媒轉化器中的觸媒，此時 還原盔宝：N及°!:難以有效的從前、後置觸媒轉化器中被 ::門：：氧2,且前、後段二次空氣供應管係由單-同‘機’因此仍然不利於氧化及還原 等鎇問題以外，别述二專利所揭之先前技術，係將該 題二;：不適當’且有徒增排 【發明内容】 為能克服先前技術中的問題，本發明之首要目的旨在提 供-種適用於機車引擎之排氣環境使用的廢氣淨化裝置，可 200827536 夺或單獨供應至與觸媒產生作 提升觸媒淨化廢氣=有害廢氣同時兼備的咖 裝設於排氣管所銜‘：、、工供：覆有觸媒之複數轉化器’並 為實踐上述目Γί::以節省配置空間。 引擎排氣管與其相銜接』置，係設於機車 相連接，後置供應s:/、fB，則置供應管係與引擎排氣端 消音器内具;器内部相連接，其特徵為： 後置供應管之間，觸介設於二次空氣之前、 化器’及至少一以還：匕：用為目的之前置型觸媒轉 至少-後二 保 後方。 叹於—夂空軋之後置供應管的 -電：或於 進入消音器内的時機，特別置供應管供給二次空氣 :闕導引二次空氣自後置供;“入度:低時’能 :，而再次氧化廢氣中有害的c辅==觸媒轉化 ;較高時，能直接或逐漸關閥，以阻斷二：：白擎轉速或溫 ^進入消音器内，而使後 工*自後置供應 作用’以辅助中置型觸媒轉化哭:、=能與廢氣產生環化 Ν〇χ。 ^化益而再次還原廢氣中有害的 200827536 器同時產生Lt及=明不僅可讓消音器内的複數觸媒轉換 速或溫度雙重效用之外，亦刊機車引擎轉 化廢氣中r*HC等有害物質時，加強觸媒氧 易生成叫有_=效率’更可於引擎轉速或溫度於較高而 故可有效提升二 請配=照==併予列舉出較佳實施例， 【實施方式】 淨化^閱二所示’揭示出本發明所實施配置的一種廢氣 及與該排氣管::：一1消之::排放端所銜組的-排氣管2 化器01、62及^，、，曰态3之間，包含複數個觸媒轉 (Pd)、鉬（pt、 A、媒轉化器6卜62及63内均披覆有鈀 63係經由排i錢，，媒’且複數個觸媒轉化器61、62及 内;也包:二=固連接管21及一』 5;其中，前置^xn—可置供應管4及一後置供應管 具體實施上，該排氣5 'Γ自丨擎1之排氣端相連接，在更加 與消音哭3 X ^ ° ^引擎排氣歧管15通往排氣管2 於Γ的廢氣排放叫，而該前置供應管4可』接 方的Gif15上(如圖1所示)，或者連接於消音it 内部的連接管22相連接，—/後置t應官5係與消音器 端所生成之間歇性負壓作空氣係藉由引擎運轉時排氣 管4、5而八鄕貞&作為動力源，以便經由前、後置供靡 音器3内而:別持續供應至所料音器3前方的排氣管2及= 200827536 右5 ^迷消音器3内的複數個觸媒轉化器61、62及63中， 供岸ί ^觸5 61 * 6 2 ’係介設於二次空氣之前、後置 媒轉化器6!心= 氧化作用為目的之前置型觸 哭62; 以延原作用為目的之中置型觸媒轉化 伴有一轉化11 61财置__化H 62之間 置型觸媒轉;不至熱傳導至中 二次空氣之—後置型觸媒轉化器63，係介設於 人工虱之後置供應管5的後方。 態如=據上述配置’將以圖丨所示配置為例，說明其使用狀 壓作;：擎二動Γ轉時’二次空氣可藉由排氣端之間歇性負 作用力，而經由琢、後置供應管4、5 …員 連接管22内（如圖3所示），以供應充^的氧至2 2與 化益61與後置型觸媒轉化器63内，令前 尋媒轉 ^^^tM.^；tb(Alr/Fuel)>14.7 I' P將^中有害的C0 * HC充分氧化成無害的及 哭61，的、^因中置型觸媒轉化器62是設於前置型觸媒轉化 -61的後方，且前置供應管4所供入 轉化 匕器61所使用，因此通過前置型觸 媒轉Γ匕ί 比(Air/Fuel)係^14.7 ’因此再透過中置型觸 N2及0°°.^中的觸媒’將廢氣中有害的N〇x還原成無害的 /及〇2，隨後，廢氣再與後置供應管5所供人的二次^ 。使其空燃比(Air/Fudgm，以利於通過後置型觸媒轉匕 200827536 化裔63時’再次將殘留在廢氣中有害的c〇及HC充分氧化 成無害的C〇2及;據以提升觸媒氧化及還原有害廢氣的 雙重效用。 除上述之外，本發明也包含另一附加實施方式，特別是 在所述前置供應管5可持續導引二次空氣進入排氣管2内的 f月況下’於所述後置供應管5上設置—電磁閥7(如圖4所示）， 連接於-單向閥51之後方，並接受一引擎控制單元1〇的控 制，、控制單το ίο内設定有一時速定值c，且引擎^之飛輪^ 上或控制油門大小的節流閥上設有一轉速檢知器Η，可檢知 引擎實際，速，並傳遞至引擎控制單元1〇内與時速定值c作 比對’该時速定值c，可依眘直旦、丨 及HC生成量當時的車里:：得廢氣中會有較多C〇 敗士旱速界值作為該時速定值，且知引 手在十月速運μ寸，廢氣中會有較多Cmh 時速定值即以高於引擎惰速者 生成里，口以 速低於時速定值時，表示引擎所H土。據此，當引擎實際轉 成量高於NOx，即令電磁間 之廢氣中CO及iiC的生 ^ 5 » 幵閥，導引二次空氣經由後置 货應g ：>仏應至後置型觸媒轉 札 化器4、5巾__能㈣‘m、後置型觸媒轉 另當引擎實際轉速高於該時速=中有告的C0及HC， 氣中C0及HC的生成 值守，表示引擎所排放之廢 ”化時，即令電4 7 斷 生成仍需加 應管5供應至後置型觸媒轉化界 人工氣經由後置供 氣中有害的co及Hc#先前;内，此時，W擎排放之廢 害的C02& H20，而後在通過中、ζ觸媒轉化H 61氧化成無 時’便可將剩餘有害的 /置型觸媒轉化H 62、63 強艰原成無害的乂及〇2，如 200827536 · 此一來’引擎廢氣將更加有利於被妥善的淨化。 再者，本發明也包含再一附加實施方式，亦即可將上述 時速定值轉變成一溫度定值τ，特別是在所述前置供應管5 可持續導引二次空氣進入排氣管2内的情況下，於所述後置 供應管5上設有一流量控制閥8(如圖5所示），連接於一單向 閥51之後方，以接受一引擎控制單元ι3的控制，該溫度定 值T係設定於控制單元13内，且引擎1的廢氣排放端設有一 溫度檢知器14，可檢知引擎排氣溫度，並傳遞至引擎控制單 元13内與溫度定值τ作比對；該溫度定值τ是由實車進行量 測取得，一般配置5〇c.C·至1000C.C.引擎排氣量的機車，其 引擎正常排氣溫度是介於200°C〜90(TC之間，據以判定當引擎 溫度高於300°C時，所排放之廢氣中會有較多CO及HC生成 量，因此所設定之溫度定值以高於3〇(rc者較佳。據此，可取 得與上述相雷同的效果。 然而，以上僅為本發明之較佳實施例而已，並非用以限 定本發明之申請專利範圍，凡其他未脫離本發明所揭示之精 神下而完成的等效修飾或置換，均應包含於後述之申請專利 範圍内。 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1 :揭示出本發明一實施方式之配置示意圖。 圖2:揭示出本發明另一實施方式之配置示意圖。 圖2·揭示出圖1所示實施方式之動作示意圖。 圖3 ··揭示出本發明又一實施方式的配置示意圖。 圖4 ··揭不出本發明再一實施方式的配置示意圖。 11 200827536 【主要元件符號說明】 1 ------- ---------引擎 1〇 、 13 ------- ---------引擎控制單元 11 ------- ---------氣輪 12 ------- ---------轉速檢知态 14 ------- ---------溫度檢知器 15 -------- ---------引擎排氣歧管 2 -------- ---------排氣管 21 、 22 -------- ---------連接管 3 -------- ---------消音器 4 -------- ---------前置供應管 5 -------- ---------後置供應管 61 、 62 、 63 -------- ---------觸媒轉化器 7 -------- ---------^ ^ ^ 8 -------- ---------流量控制閥 12200827536 IX. INSTRUCTIONS: [Technical Field] The present invention relates to an exhaust gas purifying device, in particular, an air supply pipe and a catalytic converter which are installed between the exhaust pipe of the locomotive's bow and the exhaust pipe of the locomotive Configuration technology. [Prior Art] The locomotive engine is different from the car engine, especially the two-stroke locomotive engine, which is more likely to emit harmful exhaust gas due to incomplete combustion, and the engine is equipped with a relatively complete engine control unit (ECU). Read more environmental parameters to control the engine's normal operation and reduce harmful emissions. It is known that whether it is a two-stroke locomotive engine or a four-stroke car or locomotive engine, a catalytic converter is arranged on the exhaust gas discharge pipe, which is formed by a metal cylinder covering the catalyst, the catalyst It usually contains palladium (Pd), platinum (p = _ and other precious metal elements, and its Pd^pt element is beneficial to oxidize harmful CO and HC in the exhaust gas into harmless C〇2 & H2〇, and the Rh element is favorable; The harmful strontium (nitrogen oxides) is reduced to harmless Ν2 and 〇2 to compete for (5) the exhaust gas, thereby reducing the impact of the exhaust gas on the external air quality. In the prior art, in order to promote the efficiency of the catalyst oxidizing waste gas, usually The introduction of two "enzymes to obtain oxygen (〇2) in front of the catalytic converter for the purpose of oxidation, in order to facilitate the oxidation of (7) and HC into the related applications of η 已 has been disclosed in 曰本特开The hidden 3644 专利 patent does not produce a kind of engine exhaust gas purification and splitting, which is set on the _ before the phonograph, to: accommodate the two catalytic converter, and in the meantime =; So that the catalyst in the catalytic converter can be restored with the exhaust gas 5 20082753 6 role 'and through the introduction of the second medium 5 energy and oxidation of the exhaust gas, the catalytic converter in the touch. But its shortcomings in the secondary *, the converter of harmful substances in the exhaust gas can only highlight : Exhaust gas: two off:: r before and after the catalyst - the air is closed and weakened, so it is not conducive to the role of the oxygen gas ^ exhaust gas will be accompanied by the second, the national (2) sample patent and eight; ^ dare to prepare Purification efficiency. Different from the above, there is an engine device, which: the secondary air supply in the front section; set ===, the second air supply in the rear section between the end of the trachea is added to the other The medium conversion catalyst converter φ & 姐 罝 罝 罝 罝 罝 罝 罝 軏 充足 充足 充足 充足 充足 充足 充足 充足 充足 充足 充足 充足 充足 充足 充足 充足 充足 充足 充足 充足 充足 充足 充足 充足 充足 充足 充足 充足 充足 充足 充足 充足 充足 充足 充足 充足 充足 充足 充足 充足\ ^ When the secondary section of the gas supply pipe is reduced, the second 'when the second and second gas supply pipes are simultaneously opened, the catalyst in the front and rear catalytic converters is turned on, and the helmet is restored at this time. Bao: N and °!: It is difficult to effectively pass the front and rear catalyst converters:: door:: oxygen 2, and the front and back two The air supply pipe is made of a single-same machine, so it is still not conducive to the problem of oxidation and reduction, etc., and the prior art disclosed in the second patent is the second problem; In order to overcome the problems in the prior art, the primary object of the present invention is to provide an exhaust gas purifying device suitable for use in an exhaust environment of a locomotive engine, which can be used in 200827536 or separately supplied to the catalyst to be used as a boosting catalyst. Purified exhaust gas = harmful exhaust gas at the same time installed in the exhaust pipe ':,, work supply: a plurality of converters covered with catalyst' and practice the above objectives :: to save space. Engine exhaust pipe Connected to the locomotive, the system is connected to the locomotive, and the rear supply s: /, fB, the supply pipe system and the exhaust end of the engine exhaust end are connected; the internal connection of the device is characterized by: the rear supply pipe Between the two, before the secondary air, the chemist' and at least one of the: 匕: for the purpose of the use of the previous type of catalyst to turn at least - after the second. Sigh - the supply tube after the hollow rolling - electricity: or when entering the silencer, especially the supply pipe to supply secondary air: 阙 guide the secondary air from the rear supply; "into the degree: low" Can:, and then oxidize the harmful c auxiliary ==catalyst conversion in the exhaust gas; higher, can directly or gradually close the valve to block the second:: white engine speed or temperature ^ into the silencer, and then the post-work *From the post-supply role to help the middle-mounted catalyst to change the cry:, = can produce cyclization with the exhaust gas. ^ Huayi and reduce the harmful 200827536 in the exhaust gas while generating Lt and = Ming can not only silence In addition to the dual-catalyst conversion speed or temperature dual-effects in the device, when the locomotive engine converts harmful substances such as r*HC in the exhaust gas, it is easy to generate catalytic oxygen to generate _=efficiency, which can be used at engine speed or temperature. The present invention can be effectively improved. The preferred embodiment is shown in the following description. [Embodiment] The present invention discloses an exhaust gas and an exhaust pipe of the configuration of the present invention. :::一一消消::The exhaust end of the group - exhaust pipe 2 reducer 01, 62 and ^,,,曰Between states 3, including a plurality of catalytic converters (Pd), molybdenum (pt, A, medium converters, 6 and 62, and 63 are covered with palladium 63, which is through the bank, money, and a plurality of catalysts) The converters 61, 62 and the inner; also include: two = solid connection pipe 21 and a "5"; wherein, the front ^xn - the configurable supply pipe 4 and a rear supply pipe are embodied, the exhaust 5 'Γ The exhaust end of the engine is connected to the exhaust end of the engine, and the exhaust gas is discharged to the exhaust pipe 2 to the exhaust pipe 2, and the front supply pipe 4 can be connected. On the Gif15 side (as shown in Fig. 1), or the connecting pipe 22 connected to the inside of the muffler is connected, the rear sub-system 5 and the intermittent negative pressure generated by the muffler end are used as the air system. When the engine is running, the exhaust pipes 4, 5 and gossip & as a power source for supplying the sound absorber 3 through the front and the rear: not continuously supplying the exhaust pipe 2 to the front of the sounder 3 and = 200827536 Right 5 ^ In the plurality of catalytic converters 61, 62 and 63 in the silencer 3, the supply ί ^ touch 5 61 * 6 2 ' is placed before the secondary air, after the media converter 6! Heart = oxidation before the purpose of the touch Crying 62; for the purpose of the extension of the original type of catalyst conversion with a conversion 11 61 wealth __ H 62 between the formation of catalytic converter; not heat conduction to the secondary air - post-catalyst converter 63 The system is placed behind the artificial rafts behind the supply pipe 5. The state is as follows: The configuration shown in the figure will be taken as an example to illustrate the use of the pressure; The intermittent negative force of the exhaust end can be connected to the inside of the tube 22 via the crucible and the rear supply tube 4, 5 (as shown in FIG. 3) to supply the charged oxygen to the 2 2 and the benefit In the 61-and post-catalyst converter 63, the pre-mediator turns ^^^tM.^;tb(Alr/Fuel)>14.7 I'P fully oxidizes the harmful C0*HC in ^ into harmless and crying 61, the middle-type catalytic converter 62 is disposed behind the front-type catalytic converter-61, and the front supply pipe 4 is supplied to the conversion converter 61, so that the front-type catalyst is used. Turn Γ匕 比 (Air/Fuel) system ^14.7 'Therefore, through the medium-type touch N2 and the catalyst in 0 ° °. ^ reduce the harmful N 〇 x in the exhaust gas into harmless / and 〇 2, then Exhaust gas Opposite the supply pipe 5 for the second person ^. Make its air-fuel ratio (Air/Fudgm, in order to facilitate the conversion of the residual c在 and HC remaining in the exhaust gas to harmless C〇2 by the post-catalyst switch to 200827536.) The dual effect of the oxidizing and reducing harmful exhaust gas of the medium. In addition to the above, the present invention also includes another additional embodiment, in particular, the front supply pipe 5 can continuously guide the secondary air into the exhaust pipe 2 In the monthly condition, 'the solenoid valve 7 (shown in FIG. 4) is disposed on the rear supply pipe 5, connected to the rear of the check valve 51, and is controlled by an engine control unit 1〇, and the control list There is a speed setting c in το ίο, and a speed detector 设有 is provided on the throttle wheel of the engine or on the throttle valve of the control throttle, and the actual and speed of the engine can be detected and transmitted to the engine control unit 1〇 The internal and speed fixed value c is compared to 'the current speed fixed value c, which can be used according to the cautious straight, 丨 and HC production amount at the time:: There will be more C 〇 士 旱 旱 速 作为 作为The speed is fixed, and it is known that the speed of the hand will be increased in October, and there will be more Cmh speed in the exhaust gas. When the speed is lower than the speed of the engine, the speed of the port is lower than the speed, which means that the engine is H. According to this, when the actual conversion of the engine is higher than NOx, the CO and iiC in the exhaust gas of the electromagnetic field are generated. ^ 5 » 幵 valve, guide the secondary air through the post-loading g:> 仏 should be the rear-type catalytic converter, 4, 5 towel __ can (four) 'm, rear-type catalyst turn to another engine The actual speed is higher than the speed of the current speed = C0 and HC, and the production value of C0 and HC in the air, indicating that the waste discharged by the engine is "when the power is generated, the power supply is still required to be supplied to the rear type. Catalyst conversion of artificial gas through the post-supply gas in the harmful co and Hc# previous; inside, at this time, W engine emissions of CO2 & H20, and then through the conversion of H 61 to the catalyst At the time, the remaining harmful/type catalyst can be converted into H 62, 63 and the harmless 乂 and 〇 2, such as 200827536 · This will make the engine exhaust gas more favorable for proper purification. The invention also includes a further embodiment, which can also convert the above-mentioned speed setting into a temperature setting τ, especially in the When the front supply pipe 5 can continuously guide the secondary air into the exhaust pipe 2, a flow control valve 8 (shown in FIG. 5) is disposed on the rear supply pipe 5, and is connected to a one-way. After the valve 51, in order to receive the control of an engine control unit ι3, the temperature setting T is set in the control unit 13, and the exhaust gas discharge end of the engine 1 is provided with a temperature detector 14 for detecting the engine exhaust temperature. And transmitted to the engine control unit 13 for comparison with the temperature setting value τ; the temperature setting value τ is obtained by the actual vehicle measurement, generally configured with a locomotive of 5 〇 cC · to 1000 C. C. engine displacement, The normal exhaust temperature of the engine is between 200 ° C and 90 (TC). It is determined that when the engine temperature is higher than 300 ° C, there will be more CO and HC generated in the exhaust gas, so it is set. The temperature is set to be higher than 3 〇 (the rc is preferred. According to this, the same effect as described above can be obtained. However, the above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the claims of the present invention, and all equivalent modifications or substitutions that are made without departing from the spirit of the invention are included in the following description. Within the scope of the patent application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the configuration of an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 2 is a schematic view showing the configuration of another embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 is a schematic view showing the operation of the embodiment shown in Figure 1. Fig. 3 is a schematic view showing the configuration of still another embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 4 is a schematic view showing the configuration of still another embodiment of the present invention. 11 200827536 [Description of main component symbols] 1 ------- --------- Engine 1〇, 13 ------- --------- Engine Control Unit 11 ------- ---------Airwheel 12 ------- ---------Speed detection state 14 ------- --- ------ Temperature detector 15 -------- --------- Engine exhaust manifold 2 -------- -------- - Exhaust pipe 21, 22 -------- --------- Connecting pipe 3 -------- --------- Silencer 4 --- ----- --------- Front supply pipe 5 -------- --------- Rear supply pipe 61 , 62 , 63 ----- --- ---------catalyst converter 7 -------- ---------^ ^ ^ 8 -------- ---- -----Flow control valve 12