200819993 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 一種動態調整優先順序之系統資源仲裁方法，特別是 依據主控裝置對系統資源之請求佔用訊號與逾時狀況，調 整其中優先權值，藉以判斷資源使狀優先順序。 【先前技術】 在習知的電腦系統中，當各種週邊對電腦系統要求系 統資源（如CPU、匯流排頻寬、仰位址、輸出入埠、記 憶體等）時，須有一仲裁機制（Arbitrati〇n)對有限系統資 源做有效運用，如第—圖所示之示意圖，其中有複數個主 控I置（Master)，如第一主控裝置M卜第二主控裝置M2 與弟二主控裝置M3等，分別在運用與分享系統資源12 15 20 時，藉-仲裁器（Arbltrator) u做一時序上的分配，使各 主控裝置M1，M2，M3皆能運用#中系統資源。 Μ一^來電腦系統會分配各主控裝置M1，M2，M3對 二二的分享有相同的權重（呢咖），即 # 12時一，即主控装置M1，M2，M3有需要利用該系統資 上12日年即對電腦系統發出請求 重相同，電腦系統僅价缺夂二“ U㈣因為振 的順序分配，各請㈣豕了求咖备仲裁器11做時序上 該系統資源、12之==、統貧源的主控I置則藉以得到 US5,987,549所述係_ 參f美國專利 資源的週翁置各提 _ 在母—個需要佔用 ’、中裁早兀，错以判斷資源佔用之 25 200819993 ==序，再依據此優_序將資源依序分配至各請求之 4^衣置。 =對於在有限⑽資源分配的應用上，常用上述猶 二=(R〇und-R〇bm)方法，如美國專利 us5,〇72,363 於 種循環平均方法，其中說明以各種邏輯電路“ 之仲裁5 一敝）來仲裁系統資_用的優先順序。 ^國專利US5,〇88,〇24揭露用於仲裁（arbitratmg)存 r::=bUS)的循環平均協定方法，藉此方法來仲裁電 月1統中有限資源之使«優先順序，如仲裁匯流排之資 源存取。杯閱第二圖所示主控裝置與匯流排使用示意 圖，其中所不為一平行仲裁（parallel contention arbi触⑽） 15 20 方案，有複數個主控裝置U,23,25,27請求使用匯流排20 ，糸統資源，並有連接各個主控裝i2 i ,23，25,27的請求訊 ，線24與控制訊號線26，仲裁資料匯流排22係以平行 態樣連線各主控裝置21，23,25,27。 當上述主控裝置之-藉請求訊號線a將對系統資源 佔用之請求送出，經仲裁後，由控制訊號線26對該主控裝 置發出同意（grant)請求的訊號，使其佔㈣系統資源。 一般的狀況下，係以平等的循環方式分配資源（如fair R_d-Robln ) ’使各請求佔用資源的主控裝置輪流佔用資 源」而此專利更揭露另—實施例，係於匯流排中額外設置 汛號，元（bit)作為控制訊號，以每個主控裝置佔用資 源之狀態值（identity value)判斷其侧資源的優先權，、 田^主控U對系統㈣提出請求’藉此訊號位元使仲 裁貧料匯流排22分配系統f源使用；更有—實施例係藉紀 25 200819993 錄每個主控裝置佔用系統資源<狀態值（identity value)， 作為下次仲裁之參考依據。 上述習知技術中利用循環平均的方式分配系統資源的 方式有下列缺點： (1) 每一主控裝置使用固定的優先順序，並無考慮每 一主控裝置之資料量情況； (2) 頻寬使用效率不彰，其無法妥善運用在進行資料 傳輸時時序分配後剩餘之時槽（timeslot); 10 (3) 因為時槽的浪費使其他等待佔用系統資源的主控 裝置產生封包延遲的現象； (4) 循環平均的方式分配系統資源，並無依據主控裝 置重要性而有優先順序。 【發明内容】 15 為解決習知在系統資源的分配上並無依據實際需要而 造成的問題，本發明即提出一種動態調整優先順序之系統 資源仲裁方法，當其中主控裝置請求佔用系統資源而仍未 被同意佔用該系統資源之期間，即依據第一參數之狀況而 產生第一逾時參數，此時在本發明之仲裁機制中，其優先 20 權值會變得較高；若已佔用系統資源之主控裝置仍繼續佔 用或被同意佔用系統資源，此期間產生第二逾時參數，於 本發明之仲裁機制中，此佔用系統資源之主控裝置的優先 權值會因此下降至較低的優先權值。最後，本發明之特徵 即在於依據主控裝置對系統資源的請求訊號與上述的第一 25 逾時參數與第二逾時參數，調整其優先權值，可藉以有效 200819993 率，利用系統資源，並避免擁有最高優先權值之主控裝置 先權值之主控裝置佔用系統資源而產生延 其中較佳實施例之方法步驟包括有先由主控裝置請求 統資ΐ:並以一仲裁單元判斷該主控裝置是否有請 盤，介糸!\貝源而未被同意之情形，而產生第一逾時參 产开/、判：ίΐ控裝置是否有佔用系統資源而繼續佔用的 10 15 20 愿、有取雨優先權之主控裝置佔用該系統資源。 而本發明另-實施例之方法步驟包括有·· $°又疋各主控裝置—初始之優先權值，其中-主=置對系統資源提出佔用請求，接著由—仲 :::=;系_'，若同意佔用該 源後，判斷是否有產生第二逾心 值，再同音4ΠΓ降低該主控襄置之該優先權 上述I;驟中裝置佔用該資源。 在未被同意佔用該系統資源， 況，並m 一 傻侧疋否有產生第—逾時狀 值，最後於^各—im與;控裝置之優先權 先權值之主控裝置則該系^^ r意有最高優 8 25 200819993 【實施方式】 5 10 15 20 本發明提供一種動態調整優先順序之系統資源仲裁方 法，解決習知技術中因為對各主控裝置（Master)以平均 分配佔用有限系統資源’或是無法有效考慮各主控裝置所 需糸統資源的情況而造成糸統資源浪費與傳輪封包延遲等 的問題。 本發明之實施例即應用於電腦系統中各種有限資源的 使用’如有限頻寬之匯流排（bus )的使用、系統記憶體的 運用、輸出入系統頻寬佔用、中央處理器的處理中斷 (interrupt)等，為了能充分利用系統資源，使各週邊主控 衣置此分配到適當資源’本發明之較佳實施例即藉複數種 監控參數（monitoring parameter)之調整來考處各主控裝 置佔用該匯流排的情況，如資料傳輪頻寬，並設定各主控 裝置之資料傳輸的優先順序，更排除並未請求^re^est) 佔用該系統資源的主控裝置分享該系統資源，以動態調整 佔用各系統資源之狀況，達到有效運用與節省系統資源之 不贫明你无於開始時設定每—㈣ 一、工衣罝韦共丞不的 悛先權值，在每一個訊號處理的循環週期（ We 比 姑、古姐彡从咨、、店城山亦丄、/ 、 J τ ^ 、lyciej甲，比 提出要求（request)的主μ置的優先權 ，’亚同思有隶高敎權值的主控裝置佔用該系統資源。 雖然由優先權值來判斷主控裝置斜奉 ' 到奋八μκ、“ 對貞源的❹權能達 ” 率，但為了避免因為高優先權值的主 厶衣置對貝源的佔用使其他主控裝置無法 的缺點，故本發㈣—祕㈣〜 史m统貝源 个知乃糟迎日4測（timeout m 25 200819993 數作監測’依據不同的逾時狀況動態調整 優先權值’經比較每—主控裝置之優先權值 2=其中擁有最高優域值之主控裝置對系統資源佔 用的睛求。 5垂上ί監控參數中包括至少兩種參數，分別以一第一參 ^第數表不’其中之第—參數表示為該主控装置 吕月未（request)佔用系統資源時，卻不被同意、（gmnt)之 循核週期數目（_ber〇fcycles);而第二參數表示為持續 經仲裁Urbltrat職）後仍佔用系統資源或被同意佔用該系 1〇 統貢源之循環週期的數目。 一在凊求佔m貧源之主控裝置仍未被同意佔用該系 統貢源之期間，依據該第-參數之狀況而產生第一逾時來 數（timeout)，此時該主控裝置在本發明之仲裁機制中二 其優先權值（pnority)會變得較高；依據該第二參數，若 15已佔用系統資源之主控裝置仍繼續佔用或被同意（be granted)佔用系統資源，此期間產生第二逾時參數，於本 發明之仲裁機制中，此佔用系統資源之主控裝置的優先權 值冒因此下降至車父低的優先權值◦在以上所述優先權值可 上下動態調整之機制下，可使其他主控裝置有機會被同意 20 佔用該系統資源。 一 壯藉上述第一麥數與第二參數等監測而動態調整各主控 衣置之優先順序’可避免擁有最高優先權值之主控裝置排 斥擁有較低優先權值之主控裝置佔用系統資源而產生㈣ 或錯誤的現象。 10 25 200819993 第三圖所示為本發明動態調整優先順序之系統資源仲 裁機制不意圖’其中所述包括三個主控裝置M1，M2，M3(並 =以此為限），可分別表示為第一主控裝置Ml、第二主控 衣，M2與第二主控裝置M3,各主控裝置藉一優先權值產 生 f 兀（priority generating unit) 3〇1，3〇2,3〇3 耦接於一仲 裁早兀（arbitrating unit) 3〇，藉此仲裁單元3〇耦接於圖 式中示意之系統資源32。 於較佳實施例中，第一優先權值產生單元301係針對 以下各參數產生一第一優先權值（pi)，如·· (1) 第一主控裝置M1所發出的請求訊號（rl); (2) 因為^一主控裝置Ml請求佔用系統資源32仍未 被同意佔用系統資源之期間的第一逾時參數 (al)，第一逾時參數（al)係依據對第一參數的 監測而得出；與 ()口為第主控^置M1已佔用系統資源^而繼續 佔用或^同意佔用之期間產生的第二逾時參數 ibli’弟二逾時參數（bl)係依據對第二參數的 20 外曾i ::寺參數(al)係由一第一參數計數器3U 循1在料佔㈣未被同意的 而第二逾時參數(bl)係由-第二參: 被同立佔用:已仙线㈣之域裝置繼續佔用或 繼生單元301由上述各參數產生第一 4權：Λ 當弟一主控裝置Μι透過仲裁單幻〇對系統資源提出 25200819993 IX. Description of the invention: [Technical field of invention] A system resource arbitration method for dynamically adjusting priorities, in particular, according to the request of the main control device for the system resources to occupy the signal and the timeout condition, and adjusting the priority value thereof, thereby judging Resource assignments are prioritized. [Prior Art] In the conventional computer system, when various peripherals require system resources (such as CPU, bus width, address, input port, memory, etc.) for the computer system, there must be an arbitration mechanism (Arbitrati). 〇n) Effective use of finite system resources, such as the diagram shown in the figure, there are a number of master I set (Master), such as the first master device M Bu second master device M2 and brother two master The control device M3 and the like respectively use the Arbitrator (Arbltrator) u to perform a time-series allocation when the system resources 12 15 20 are used and shared, so that each of the main control devices M1, M2, and M3 can use the system resources in #. Μ一^来电脑系统 will assign the main control devices M1, M2, M3 to the sharing of the second two have the same weight (its coffee), that is, #12, one, that is, the main control device M1, M2, M3 need to use On the 12th day of the system, the request for the computer system is the same, and the computer system is only the price missing. "U (four) because of the order of the vibrations, each (4) pleaded for the coffee arbitrator 11 to do the system resources on the timing, 12 ==, the main control I of the poverty-stricken source is used to obtain the US5,987,549 system _ _ f US patent resources of the Zhou Wen set _ in the mother - need to occupy ', in the early cut, wrong to judge resources Occupied 25 200819993 == order, and then according to this excellent order, the resources are sequentially allocated to each request. = For the application of limited (10) resource allocation, the above-mentioned syllabary = (R〇und-R) The 〇bm) method, such as the US patent us5, 〇 72, 363, is a method of averaging cycles, which illustrates the prioritization of arbitrating system resources by using various logic circuits "arbitrage 5". ^National Patent US5, 〇88, 〇24 discloses a cyclical average agreement method for arbitration (arbitratmg) r::=bUS), by which method arbitrates the limited resources of the electric moon 1 system, such as arbitration Resource access to the bus. The cup shows the schematic diagram of the main control device and the bus bar shown in the second figure, which is not a parallel arbitration (parallel contention arbi touch (10)) 15 20 scheme, there are multiple master devices U, 23, 25, 27 request to use the confluence Row 20, the resources of the system, and the request message connecting the main control units i2 i, 23, 25, 27, the line 24 and the control signal line 26, the arbitration data bus line 22 is connected in parallel with each main control device 21, 23, 25, 27. When the requesting signal line a of the above-mentioned master device sends a request for system resource occupation, after the arbitration, the control signal line 26 sends a signal to the master device to grant the request, so that it accounts for (4) system resources. . Under normal circumstances, resources are allocated in an equal and round-robin manner (such as fair R_d-Robln). 'The main control device that requests resources occupying resources takes turns to occupy resources.” This patent further discloses another embodiment, which is additionally added to the bus. Set the apostrophe, the bit (bit) as the control signal, determine the priority of the side resource with the identity value of each host device occupying the resource, and the field master U submits the request to the system (4). The bit makes the arbitration poor material bus 22 allocation system f source use; more is - the embodiment is the borrowing 25 200819993 records each master device occupies system resources <identity value (identity value), as the reference basis for the next arbitration . The above-mentioned conventional techniques for distributing system resources by means of cyclic averaging have the following disadvantages: (1) Each master device uses a fixed priority order without considering the amount of data of each master device; (2) Frequency Wide use efficiency is not good, it can not properly use the time slots remaining after the time allocation of data transmission; 10 (3) Because the waste of the time slot causes the delay of other main control devices waiting for system resources to generate packets (4) The system resources are allocated in a round-robin manner, without prioritization based on the importance of the master device. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the problem that the allocation of system resources is not based on actual needs, the present invention proposes a system resource arbitration method for dynamically adjusting priorities, in which the master device requests to occupy system resources. The first timeout parameter is generated according to the condition of the first parameter, and the priority 20 weight is higher in the arbitration mechanism of the present invention; The master device of the system resource continues to occupy or is agreed to occupy the system resources, and the second timeout parameter is generated during the period. In the arbitration mechanism of the present invention, the priority value of the master device occupying the system resource is thus reduced to Low priority value. Finally, the present invention is characterized in that the priority value is adjusted according to the request signal of the main control device for the system resource and the first 25 timeout parameter and the second timeout parameter, so that the system resources can be utilized by using the effective 200819993 rate. And the main control device having the highest priority value of the master control device takes up the system resources and generates the delay. The method step of the preferred embodiment includes first requesting the master device to request the system: and determining by an arbitration unit Whether the main control device has a disk, and it is not approved, and the first time-out production is opened and/or judged: Whether the control device has occupied the system resources and continues to occupy 10 15 20 It is hoped that the main control device with the priority of taking rain will occupy the system resources. The method steps of the other embodiment of the present invention include: ···° and the respective master devices - initial priority values, wherein - the master = pairing system resources to make an occupancy request, followed by -zhong:::=; If __, if it agrees to occupy the source, it is judged whether a second over-the-heart value is generated, and then the same tone is lowered by the same tone, and the device occupies the resource. In the case of not being allowed to occupy the system resources, and if there is a silly side, there is a first-time-out value, and finally the main control device of the priority-weight of the control device is the system. ^^r means the highest priority 8 25 200819993 [Embodiment] 5 10 15 20 The present invention provides a system resource arbitration method for dynamically adjusting the priority order, which solves the problem of the average allocation of the master devices (Master) in the prior art. The problem of limited system resources' or the inability to effectively consider the system resources required by each master device causes the waste of the system resources and delays in the transmission of packets. The embodiment of the present invention is applied to the use of various limited resources in a computer system, such as the use of a bus with limited bandwidth, the use of system memory, the occupation of the input and output system bandwidth, and the processing interruption of the central processing unit ( In order to make full use of the system resources, the peripheral master clothes are allocated to the appropriate resources. The preferred embodiment of the present invention refers to the adjustment of the monitoring parameters to test the main control devices. The situation of occupying the bus bar, such as the data transmission bandwidth, and setting the priority order of data transmission of each main control device, and excluding the main control device that does not request ^re^est) to occupy the system resources to share the system resources, In order to dynamically adjust the situation of occupying various system resources, to achieve effective use and save system resources, you are not poor at the beginning. You do not set the first weight for each (4) one, the work clothes are not the first priority, in each signal processing cycle The period (We Bigu, Gu Jie, Qiu, Xiucheng, Yi, J, τ ^, lyciej A, priority than the main request for request (request), 'Asia The master control device with the weight of the sorghum occupies the system resources. Although the priority value is used to judge the master device to slant the 'to the eight κ, the right to the 贞 source can reach the rate, but to avoid high priority The value of the main clothing is not enough for the other main control devices to occupy the shell source, so the hair (4) - secret (four) ~ history m Tongbei source knows the bad weather to meet the 4 test (timeout m 25 200819993 number for monitoring ' Dynamically adjust the priority value according to different time-out conditions. After comparing the priority value of each master device 2 = the main control device with the highest priority value has the system resource occupation. 5 上上 ί monitoring parameters Including at least two parameters, respectively, a first parameter is not the first parameter, and the parameter is expressed as the main control device Lu Yueshou (request) occupies system resources, but is not agreed, (gmnt) The number of nuclear cycles (_ber〇fcycles); while the second parameter is expressed as the number of cycles that still occupy system resources or are allowed to occupy the system's tributary source after continuous arbitration (Urbltrat). The source control device is still not the same During the period of occupying the system, the first timeout is generated according to the condition of the first parameter, and at this time, the master device in the arbitration mechanism of the present invention has a priority value (pnority) According to the second parameter, if the master device that has occupied the system resources continues to occupy or is granted to occupy the system resources, the second timeout parameter is generated during the period, in the arbitration mechanism of the present invention. The priority value of the master device occupying the system resource is thus lowered to the priority value of the lower parent. Under the mechanism that the priority value can be dynamically adjusted up and down, the other master devices can be given the opportunity to be agreed. 20 Occupy the system resources. Dynamically adjusting the priority order of each master control by monitoring the first wheat number and the second parameter, etc., can prevent the master device having the highest priority value from rejecting the master device occupying system with lower priority value Resources produce (four) or wrong phenomena. 10 25 200819993 The third figure shows the system resource arbitration mechanism for dynamically adjusting the priority order of the present invention. It is not intended to include three main control devices M1, M2, M3 (and = limited to this), which can be expressed as The first main control device M1, the second main control garment, the M2 and the second main control device M3, each of the main control devices generates a priority generating unit by using a priority value. 3〇1, 3〇2, 3〇3 The arbitrating unit 3 is coupled to the arbitration unit 3, whereby the arbitration unit 3 is coupled to the system resource 32 illustrated in the figure. In a preferred embodiment, the first priority value generating unit 301 generates a first priority value (pi) for each of the following parameters, such as: (1) a request signal (rl) issued by the first master device M1. (2) Because the first master device M1 requests to occupy the first timeout parameter (al) during which the system resource 32 is still not allowed to occupy the system resource, the first timeout parameter (al) is based on the first parameter According to the monitoring; the () port is the first master control set M1 has occupied the system resources ^ and continues to occupy or ^ agree to occupy the period of the second timeout parameter ibli' brother two timeout parameter (bl) is based on The second parameter of the 20th external i:: Temple parameter (al) is determined by a first parameter counter 3U 1 in the material accounted for (4) unconstrained and the second time-out parameter (bl) is - the second parameter: Occupied by the same position: the domain device of the Xianxian (4) continues to occupy or the secondary unit 301 generates the first 4 rights from the above parameters: Λ The younger master device 提出 提出 仲裁 仲裁 仲裁 仲裁 仲裁 仲裁 仲裁
1010
20 200819993 -優先權值〔早兀3G傳送此第—主控裝置M1的第 主栌果置]νπ 1/’亚且，仲裁單元3〇亦會同時接收第— β Γ二 對糸統貧源32發出的請求訊號（r〇,仲裁 早几3〇則可藉以比較各主控裝置之情況。 仲裁 第一 ^夫值產生單71 3〇2由請求訊號⑻、 m H 控裝置M2對系統資訊32提 以主:， 產生單元302即對仲裁單元30傳送 匕弟-主k衣置M2的第二優先權值（ 即猎由請求簡⑻與㈣二優先職ο^Γ夂主 控裝置之對系統資源32的佔用狀況。 口 請的實施例中，第一逾時參數(a2)係:㈡::； ”轉k _裝£ M2在請求佔 】 ===期= 目;而第，參數⑽ 伯用或、古鬥:22 °十"^亥已佔用系統資源之主控裝置繼續 佔用或被同思佔用系統資源之循環週期的數目。 *同理’在第三主控裝置M3的實施例中，第—表數 數器313係由第三主控裝置M3在請求你用系統資源仍未 被同意的猶環週期的數目得出第—逾時參數（a3) 炎 數:十數:323係計异已㈣系統資源之主控I置繼續伯用 或被同意佔用系統資源之循環週期的數目得出第二逾日士炎 數（b3)〔接著，第三優先權值產生單元期由請求^ (r3)、第一逾時參數（a3)與第二逾時參數等參數^ 產生第三優先權值（p3)，當第三主控裝置奶對資 32提出請求，第三優先權值產生單元3〇3即對仲裁單元3° 12 25 200819993 控襄置奶的第三優先權值（p3)，仲裁單元 主心置⑻與該第三優先權值(p3)比較各 衣置之對糸統資源32的佔用狀況。 (=ί)’的仲主元3〇則比較上述有發出請求訊號 對擁有最高優先===2加的優先權值（p1，p2,p3)， 第四^ 值的主控裝置同意其佔料、統資源32。 主Γ圖所示仲裁機制之方法流程，此為當- 的=置在1環週期内提出對某系統資源佔用的請求後 10 15 20 於系、、先開始時，對該系統之各主_事詈q欠、田| 置）設定一初始 王彳工衣置（如各週邊裝 主控裝置係經二仲』：的優先權值。實施例開始， 接著用請求（步驟 請求佔用該系统資、;中’疋否該主控裝置有 當該主控裝置判;:=，、，於本發明之實施例中， 值會因此增加（步驟s J t則其優先榷 情況的次數作計數而產生第數計數器對此 時，更判斷於上—循广^ 士迎卞芬數（步驟8他）；同 統資源而繼續同音^亥主控裝置是否已佔用該系 “上田」 的情況’於一實施例中，告今主 l衣置在佔用該資源時仍 =田口亥主 降至較低值（步驟S4n7)、」心佔用其優先權值會下 計數後赵帛^細冑二減計_對此狀況 =乐—项4筝數（步驟S409)。 接著轉接各主控裝置之優先禮信產砼„0 一 主控裝置對系統資源的請求：生：元即依據該 二逾時參數等調整該主 之。逾時參數與第 又置之叙先榷值（步驟Μ】”， 25 200819993 再由仲裁單元比較各主控裝置之優先權值（步驟S4 ， 同5)意有最高優先權之主控裝置佔用該系統資源（步驟 時來tc务明利用優先權值產生器針對第-逾 判斷是否^裝置請求佔用資源等參數 冋w主控I置佔用資源之流程實施例。 均分配&m先對各主㈣置設定—基本優先權值，可平 ^刀配睛求佔用系統資 卞 開始時，各主控掌二==田 使於系統 10 15 20 控裝置對m週期（cycie)内，一或複數個主 單元比較^主===請求（步驟S503)’此時仲裁 否同意;之二ίί (步驟S505)，並判斷是 έ_2 抆衣置佔用該系統資源（步驟S507 )。 用二為 12:後’ 源將分配給該主控装置使 用系統資統步^S5n)，或拒絕佔 ^ » 方；另一循環週期中，若該主批 " 被同意佔用系統資源後接著 j工 3)，此時仲裁單 (步驟S5⑷，再判斷 榷值 資源（步驟S515 )。 ή主<空衣置可佔用其系統 用孕：:15之判斷步驟後，若不同意該主控裝置佔 是否右甚Γΐ 資源（步驟S517)，則接著判斷 況，即依據ΓίΓΓ步驟S519)，若有第二逾時狀 弟一茶數，發生佔用系統資源之主控裝置仍繼 14 25 200819993 同意佔用系統資源，並產生第二逾時參數，於 權值會:此=::’此佔用系統資源之主控裝置的優先 佔用系_(步驟心 哕主p 心狀況，《主控裝置優先權值不變， 置仍可於下一循環週期時回到步 #求佔用系統資源。 对示、、死 另一方面，若經本實施例步 10 15 20 裝置編統資源之判斷，如為不同意佔 ;丁=⑽拒絕該主控裳置佔用系統資源，在另-循^ 週期中，該主控裝詈可繼綠上主七 衣 S523 )，並亦由‘ 佔用糸統資源（步驟 驟、令裁 較控裝置之優先權值（步 源（I，二判斷：否同意該主控裝置可佔用該系統資 ，、（乂私525)，此時，若經判斷後同音古亥主护壯 系統資源，則進行至步驟S5n门1厂亥主才工衣置佔用 ^ 了入㈣511—同意佔用資源等步驟。 若此時仍不同意該主控裂置佔欠 驟S527—拒絕佔用f源，並料^則進行步 m r ) p在請求佔用系統資源之主” =:=用士該系統資源之期間，依據第一參數： 機射L爲Γ终數，此時該主控裝置在本發明之仲裁 機制中，其優先權值會增加（步驟S530)。 f裁 之後，可於下-循環週期時對系統請求 父驟S523);但若並無產生第—逾時狀況，該主 值’該主控裝置仍可於下-循環週期時回 到步驟S523，對糸統請求估用系統資源。 才口 15 25 200819993 第六圖所示為本發明在以第一逾時參數與第 數作為優先權值變化參考的實施例，以第—主抑壯 與第二主控裝i M2對系統資源請求佔用為^如 示，橫軸為循環週期，縱轴為優先權值。開始時 主控裝置Ml與第二主控裝置奶設定不同的基本 值，如圖中折線圖開始時第一主W λΛ1 > & & ^ 第二主控裝置M2之優先權值^衣置M1之優先權值比 r ίο 15 20 當第-主控裝置奶經過—段並未被對系統資源提出 請求（亦未被同意）佔用系統資源的時間u後，於點A 在的時間對系統提出佔用系統資源之請求，因第一主 置Ml之優先權值較高’故經仲裁後，同意此主控装= 用該系統貢源’此時到達點B的折線位置，為防止停先 值不當增加，點B處於一優先權值上限L1，並且進二 主控裝置Ml白勺同意佔用該系統資源的時間t2。第二主 裝置M2在此例中，開始時亦餘時間t5内未提出佔用系^ 資=之請求，之後，於點C的時間對系統提出對資源之佔 用凊求，此時’因為該系統資源為第—主控裴置Μ 二2二主控裝置Μ2處於在請求仙系統資源卻仍未 佔用«統資源之期間’此為第一逾時之狀況，即 圖式所不之日』t6内。於此第-逾時情況下，第二主 先權值會如圖式中斜線所示而增加，到達，二 二力為口:事先設定的優先權值上限u，以防止優先權值不 先權主控裝置M1處於同意估用資源的狀態，其優 先振值逐漸下滑至點E，並騎資源的則，優先權值降 16 25 200819993 至最低以便由其他主控裝置確實佔用該系統資源，如降至 圖式中的優先權值下限L3，同時，第二主控裝置]vi2於點 G位置之優先權值爬昇至點d所示之優先權值上限L1，以 取得該系統資源的佔用權，進入第二主控裝置M2被同意 佔用系統資源的時間t7。 然而，第一主控裝置Ml在經歷時間t2佔用系統資源 後，依據第二參數，發生第二逾時情況，於本發明之仲裁 機制中，此佔用系統資源之主控裝置的優先權值會因此下 IV至如日守間13所示較低的優先權值，之後，優先權值攀升 10 15 20 至初始值，進入未被同意佔用系統資源之時間t4，等待下 次用系統資源之請求。 、 藉由第六圖所示之實施例，可同理應用於兩個以上的 ，控瓜置请求佔用資源的實施例，實施於電腦系統的週邊 I置對CPU處理時序的請求、各週邊資料傳輸對匯流排 佔用與頻寬要求等，使各主控裝置對系統f 效率的運用。 有 ^綜上所述，各主控裝置之優先權值可依據第一參數、 第二f數所產生的第一逾時參數與第二逾時參數作 整’藉以判斷資源使狀優先順序，在此機制下，可^ 主控，置依其請求與其逾期情形，皆有機會被同意佔用二 糸統貢源。故，本發明實為—不可多得之發明物品，及= 性、新穎性及進步性，完全符合發明 明 ，麦依法提出申請，敬請詳查並賜準本案專利， 保障發明者權益。 、 17 25 200819993 惟以上所述僅為本發明之較佳可行實施例，非因此即 拘限本發明之專利範圍，故舉凡運用本發明說明書及圖示 内容所為之等效結構變化，均同理包含於本發明之範圍 内，合予陳明。 .5 【圖式簡單說明】 第一圖係為習用技術中運用仲裁機制使用系統資源之示 意圖； 第二圖係為習用技術主控裝置與匯流排使用示意圖； 10 第三圖所示係為本發明動態調整優先順序之系統資源仲 裁機制示意圖； 第四圖所示係為本發明較佳實施例之仲裁方法流程圖； 第五圖係為本發明仲裁方法之實施例流程圖； 第六圖係為本發明動態調整主控裝置優先權值之實施例 15 流程圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 k . 第一主控裝置Ml 第二主控裝置M2 20 第三主控裝置M3 權重 W1，W2，W3 仲裁器11 系統資源12 主控裝置21，23,25,27 18 200819993 匯流排20 請求訊號線24 控制訊號線26 - 仲裁資料匯流排22 5 第一優先權值產生單元301 第二優先權值產生單元302 第三優先權值產生單元303 仲裁單元30 系統資源32 ίο 請求訊號rl，r2，r3 第一逾時參數al，a2，a3 第二逾時參數bl，b2，b3 第一優先權值pi 第二優先權值p2 15 第三優先權值p3 第一參數計數器311，312,313 第二參數計數器321，322,323 優先權值上限L1 優先權值上限L2 2〇 時間 tl，t2，t3，t4，t5，t6，t7 1920 200819993 -Priority value [early 3G transmission of this first - the main result of the master device M1] νπ 1/' sub-, and the arbitration unit 3〇 will also receive the first -β Γ two pairs of poor sources The request signal sent by 32 (r〇, the arbitration can be compared to the situation of each master device by a few 3 weeks. The arbitration first generation value generation unit 71 3〇2 from the request signal (8), m H control device M2 to the system information 32: The main unit:, the generating unit 302 transmits the second priority value of the younger-master k-set M2 to the arbitration unit 30 (ie, the pair of the masters of the request (8) and (four) two priorities. The occupancy status of system resource 32. In the embodiment of the request, the first time-out parameter (a2) is: (b)::; "turn k _ load £ M2 in the request" === period = target; and the first parameter (10) For the use of the third master device M3, the main control device that has occupied the system resources continues to occupy or is considered to occupy the system resources. In the embodiment, the first table counter 313 is obtained by the third master device M3 in requesting the number of cycles of the U.S. ring that the system resources are still not agreed to. - Timeout parameter (a3) Number of inflammations: Ten: 323 is different (4) The main control of the system resources I will continue to use the number of cycles of the system resources that are agreed to occupy the system resources to obtain the second number of over-days ( B3) [Next, the third priority value generating unit period generates a third priority value (p3) by the parameter ^ (r3), the first time-out parameter (a3), and the second time-out parameter, etc., when the third The main control device milk requests 32, and the third priority value generating unit 3〇3 is the third priority value (p3) for the arbitration unit 3° 12 25 200819993, and the arbitration unit is set (8) and The third priority value (p3) compares the occupation status of the clothing resources 32 of each clothing. (= ί) 'The secondary principal 3 比较 compares the above-mentioned request signal to the highest priority === 2 plus The priority value (p1, p2, p3), the fourth value of the master device agrees to its occupation, the resource 32. The method of the arbitration mechanism shown in the main diagram, this is when - = = in the ring After the request for the occupation of a certain system resource is issued within the period, the system is set at the beginning of the system, and the first _ 詈 欠 田 田 田 田 田The priority value of the first king's work clothes (such as each peripheral control device is through the second middle): the embodiment begins, and then the request is used (step request to occupy the system capital; in the 'whether the master device has the The master device judges::,,, in the embodiment of the present invention, the value is thus increased (step s J t is the priority of the number of cases to count and the first counter is generated, and more judged on - According to an example, in the case of a homogenous resource, the homophone is continued. The resource is still = the main value of Taguchi down to a lower value (step S4n7), "the heart occupies its priority value will be counted down after Zhao Wei ^ fine 胄 two minus _ this situation = music - item 4 number of kits (step S409). Then transfer the priority gift information of each master device 砼 一 一 一 主 主 主 主 主 主 主 主 主 主 主 主 主 主 主 主 主 主 主 主 主 主 主 主 主 主 主 主 主 主 主 主 主 主 主 主 主 主 主 主First value (step Μ), 25 200819993 Then the arbitration unit compares the priority values of each master device (step S4, same as 5). The master device that has the highest priority occupies the system resources (step tc The use of the priority value generator for the first-over-determination, whether the device requests to occupy resources, etc., the parameter 冋w, the main control I set the process of occupying resources. The equalization &m first sets the primary (four) setting - the basic priority value At the beginning of the system, the main control palm 2 == Tian makes the system 10 15 20 control device to the m cycle (cycie), one or more main units compare ^ main == = request (step S503) 'At this time, arbitration arbitrarily agrees; bis ίί (step S505), and judges that έ_2 抆 占用 occupies the system resources (step S507). Uses two for 12: after 'source' will be assigned to the master The control device uses the system resource step ^S5n), or refuses to occupy the ^ party; another In the cycle, if the main batch " is allowed to occupy the system resources and then the j work 3), the arbitration order is now (step S5 (4), and then the threshold resource is judged (step S515). The main < empty clothes can occupy its After the system uses the judgment step of pregnancy:: 15, if it does not agree that the master device accounts for the right resource (step S517), then the condition is determined, that is, according to step S519), if there is a second time-lapse brother The number of teas, the main control device that occupies the system resources still agrees to occupy the system resources and generates the second time-out parameter, which will be: ==: 'The priority of the main control device occupying the system resources Department _ (step heart 哕 main p heart condition, "the master control device priority value is unchanged, can still return to step # in the next cycle cycle to seek to occupy system resources. On the other side, if on the other hand, if this Embodiment Step 10 15 20 Judging the resources of the device, if it is dissatisfied; D = (10) Refusing the main control to occupy the system resources, in the other cycle, the main control device can succeed the green host Seven clothes S523), and also by 'occupying the resources of the system (steps The priority value of the control device (step source (I, two judgments: no consent to the main control device can occupy the system resources, (乂 525), at this time, if judged after the same tone Guhai main care If the system resources are strong, proceed to step S5n. The first door of the factory is occupied by the worker. The fourth step is 511—the agreement is to occupy the resources. If the user still disagrees with the main control, the subordinate S527 is rejected. , and ^ then step mr) p in the request to occupy the main system resources " =: = use the system resources during the period, according to the first parameter: machine L is the final number, at this time the master device in this In the arbitration mechanism of the invention, the priority value is increased (step S530). After the f-cut, the system may request the parent step S523) in the next-cycle period; but if the first-timeout condition is not generated, the master value's the master device can still return to step S523 during the down-cycle period. Request for the estimation of system resources for SiS.才口15 25 200819993 The sixth figure shows an embodiment of the present invention in which the first time-out parameter and the first number are used as reference values for the change of the priority value, and the system resources are first and the second master control device i M2 The request occupancy is ^ as shown, the horizontal axis is the cycle period, and the vertical axis is the priority value. At the beginning, the main control device M1 and the second main control device set different basic values, as shown in the figure, the first main W λ Λ 1 >&& ^ second priority control device M2 priority value Set the priority value of M1 to r ίο 15 20 When the first-master milk pass--the segment has not been requested (and not agreed) to the system resources, the time u occupied the system resources, at the time of the point A The system proposes to occupy the system resources, because the priority value of the first main Ml is higher, so after the arbitration, the main control device is allowed to use the system to tribute to the position of the B line at the point B to prevent the stop. The first value is improperly increased, the point B is at a priority value upper limit L1, and the second master device M1 agrees to occupy the system resource time t2. In this example, the second master device M2 does not request the occupancy system = at the beginning of the time t5, and then requests the system for the resource at the time of the point C, at this time, because the system The resource is the first-master control device. The second-two master device Μ2 is in the period of requesting the system resources but still not occupying the resource. This is the first timeout condition, that is, the day when the schema is not available. Inside. In the case of the first-timeout, the second master-first weight will increase as shown by the slanted line in the figure, and the second-two force is the port: the upper limit u of the priority value set in advance to prevent the priority value from being prior. The weight master device M1 is in a state of agreeing to estimate the resources, and its priority vibration value gradually declines to point E, and the priority value falls by 16 25 200819993 to the lowest value so that the other master devices actually occupy the system resources. If the lower limit L3 of the priority value in the graph is reduced, the priority value of the second master device vi2 at the position of the point G climbs to the upper limit L1 of the priority value indicated by the point d to obtain the occupation of the system resources. Right, enter the time t7 when the second master device M2 is agreed to occupy the system resources. However, after the first master device M1 occupies system resources after experiencing time t2, a second timeout condition occurs according to the second parameter. In the arbitration mechanism of the present invention, the priority value of the master device that occupies system resources may Therefore, the lower IV has a lower priority value as indicated by the day-to-day sate 13, after which the priority value climbs 10 15 20 to the initial value, enters the time t4 that is not agreed to occupy the system resource, and waits for the next request for system resources. . According to the embodiment shown in FIG. 6, the embodiment can be applied to two or more embodiments, and the application is applied to the peripheral processing of the computer system, and the request for the processing timing of the CPU and the peripheral data are implemented. Transmission and bus line occupancy and bandwidth requirements, etc., so that each main control device uses system f efficiency. In summary, the priority value of each master device may be determined based on the first parameter, the first time-out parameter generated by the second f-number, and the second time-out parameter to determine the priority order of the resource. Under this mechanism, the main control, according to its request and its overdue situation, have the opportunity to be agreed to occupy the second tribute. Therefore, the present invention is a rare invention article, and = sexuality, novelty and progressiveness, fully in line with the invention, and the application of the law in accordance with the law, please check and grant the patent in this case to protect the rights of the inventor. 17 25 2008 19993 The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and thus the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, so the equivalent structural changes of the present specification and the illustrated contents are the same. It is included in the scope of the present invention and is combined with Chen Ming. .5 [Simple description of the diagram] The first diagram is a schematic diagram of the use of system resources by the arbitration mechanism in the conventional technology; the second diagram is the schematic diagram of the use of the master control device and the busbar of the conventional technology; A schematic diagram of a system resource arbitration mechanism for dynamically adjusting priorities; a fourth diagram is a flowchart of an arbitration method according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention; and a fifth diagram is a flowchart of an embodiment of the arbitration method of the present invention; A flowchart of Embodiment 15 for dynamically adjusting the priority value of the master device for the present invention. [Main component symbol description] k. First master device M1 Second master device M2 20 Third master device M3 Weight W1, W2, W3 Arbiter 11 System resource 12 Master device 21, 23, 25, 27 18 200819993 Bus 20 Request Signal Line 24 Control Signal Line 26 - Arbitration Data Bus 22 5 First Priority Value Generation Unit 301 Second Priority Value Generation Unit 302 Third Priority Value Generation Unit 303 Arbitration Unit 30 System Resource 32 ίο Request signal rl, r2, r3 first timeout parameter al, a2, a3 second timeout parameter bl, b2, b3 first priority value pi second priority value p2 15 third priority value p3 first parameter counter 311, 312, 313 second parameter counter 321, 322, 323 priority value upper limit L1 priority value upper limit L2 2 〇 time tl, t2, t3, t4, t5, t6, t7 19