200818749 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本文獻大體係關於無線通信系統内CDMA訊務設計之各 種態樣。 【先前技術】 無線通信系統經廣泛地布署以提供諸如語音、資料、視 訊等等的各種類型之通信。此等系統可為能夠藉由共用可 用系統資源（例如，頻寬及傳輸功率）來支援與多個存取終 端機之通信的多向近接系統。該等多向近接系統之實例包 括分碼多向近接（CDMA)系統、分時多向近接（tdma)系 統、分頻多向近接（FDMA)系統、正交分頻多向近接 (〇職A)系統或包括此等系統中之至少兩者的混合物。通 常，一無線通信系統包含若干基地台，其中每一基地台使 用前向鏈路來與行動台通信，轉—行動台（或存取終端 機）使用反向鏈路來與基地台通信。 傳輸資^簡單無線電通_路現已發展成傳輸語音或 旦至之無線系統。結果，使用者在所傳輸之資料 里、頻寬及功率需求等等方 管該等通信系統取得了進牛，已增加。因此’儘 進一步發展简決日益增長 Μ而要 質、功率H ^ , 之而求。此可包括諸如通信品 態樣的改良。 最佳使用、頻寬等等之各種 【發明内容】 下文呈現所主張之择认 # ▽、間化概述，以便提供對所主張 124266.doc 200818749 之標的之某些態樣的基本理解。此概述不是所主張之標的 之廣泛綜述。其既不意欲識別所主張之標的之關鍵或臨界 元素，亦不意欲描繪所主張之標的之範疇。其唯一目的為 以簡化形式來呈現所主張之標的之某些範疇以作為稍後呈 現之更詳細描述的序部。 一種根據本文所描述之各種態樣之通信方法提供一Ατ， 該AT可傳輸一 CDMA資料信號，且與傳輸〇FDM資料信號200818749 IX. Description of the invention: [Technical field to which the invention pertains] This document relates to various aspects of CDMA communication design in a wireless communication system. [Prior Art] Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide various types of communication such as voice, data, video, and the like. Such systems may be multi-directional proximity systems capable of supporting communication with multiple access terminals by sharing available system resources (e.g., bandwidth and transmission power). Examples of such multi-directional proximity systems include a code division multi-directional proximity (CDMA) system, a time division multi-directional proximity (tdma) system, a frequency division multi-directional proximity (FDMA) system, and an orthogonal frequency division multi-directional proximity (defective A) a system or a mixture comprising at least two of such systems. Typically, a wireless communication system includes a number of base stations, each of which uses a forward link to communicate with the mobile station, and a mobile-to-mobile (or access terminal) uses the reverse link to communicate with the base station. The transmission of the simple radio channel has now evolved into a wireless system for transmitting voice or tones. As a result, the user has gained a lot in the communication of the transmitted data, bandwidth and power requirements. Therefore, ‘the further development is simple and growing, but the quality, power H ^, and the demand. This may include improvements such as communication aspects. Various uses, bandwidths, etc. [SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION] The following is an overview of the claimed alternatives, in order to provide a basic understanding of certain aspects of the subject matter of the claim 124266.doc 200818749. This summary is not an extensive overview of the claimed subject matter. It is not intended to identify key or critical elements of the claimed subject matter, and is not intended to depict the scope of the claimed subject matter. Its sole purpose is to present some "a" A communication method according to various aspects described herein provides a Ατ, which can transmit a CDMA data signal and transmit 〇FDM data signals
之其他AT—起被指派一CDMA控制子區段，及用於資料傳 輸之一或多個CDMA訊務子區段。每一 Ap處之CDMA區段 由多個子區段組成，其可藉由網路來組態而在時間及/或 頻率上以預疋或動悲方式加以配置。 在一悲樣中，利用一具有八個再傳輸之三訊框傳輸時間 間隔（TTI)用於CDMA資料傳輸。界定CDMA區段，使得其 在至少三個PHY訊框上傳輪，例如，單—封包在三個ρΗγ 訊框上以右干部分來傳輸。根據其他態樣，資料之 給定H-ARQ傳輸遍布在與可用贿一樣多（例如從形成爪 之二個訊框）的訊框上。另外’ Ap^可針對而指 定在組態期間封包可開始時之交錯。 在某些態樣中，辅助導頻可在載運資料傳輸之訊框中在 與資料傳輸相同之頻寬上傳輸。在不同態樣中，rl輔助導 頻AUxpleh)之擾頻可為速率指示及傳輸指數兩者之 函數。此允許AT以最小.附加項來將用於壯CD·傳輸之 速率的改變進行信號傳輸。 在另祕中，當存在CDMA資料時，R-AuxPICH(反向 124266.doc 200818749 輔助導頻通道）被傳輸，且可針對OFDM資料傳輸而由AT 省略。因此，R-AuxPICH用作AP處CDMA傳輸之通道估計 導頻。在各種態樣中，CDMA訊務與R-AuxPICH之功率比 基於封包格式而固定。R-AuxPICH與R-PICH之比率可基於 ACK/NACK反饋而變化。根據不同態樣，此藉由在組態期 間設定終止目標、上行步長（up step-size)及下行步長 (down step-size)來達成0 在其他態樣中，一指示在特定扇區處之載入（藉由熱增 量（rise over thermal，RoT)或某其他量測來指示）是否超過 預定臨限值之單位元反向鏈路活動位元（RAB)可用作一緊 急載入控制機制。此可用於判定允許哪些流在每一 ΡΉΥ訊 框中在CDMA訊務區段上傳輸資料。在另一態樣中，每一 終端機之RAB位元之意義可在組態期間被設置。 以下描述及附屬圖式詳細地陳述所主張之標的之某些說 明性態樣。然而，此等態樣僅指示可採用所主張之標的之 原理之各種方式中的少數幾種，且所主張之標的意欲包括 所有此等態樣及其等效物。當結合圖式來考慮所主張之標 的之以下詳細描述時，所主張之標的之-其他優點及辨別特 徵將變得顯而易見。 【實施方式】 現參看圖式來描述所主張之標的，其中貫穿全文，相同 參考數字用以指代相同元件。在以下描述中，出於解釋之 目的，陳述許多特定細節，以便提供對所主張之標的之透 徹理解。然而，可顯而易見，可在無此等特定細節之情況 124266.doc 200818749 下實踐所主張之標的。在其他例子中1方塊圖形式來展 不熟知之結構及設備，以便有助於描述所主張之標的。 現參看圖式來描述各種實施例，其中貫穿全文，相同參 考數字用以指代相同元件。在以下描述中，為了解釋之目 的，陳述許多特定細節，以便提供對—或多個態樣之透徹 理解。然而，可顯而易見，可在無此等特定細節之情況下 實踐該（該等）實施例。在其他例子中，以方塊圖形式來展 不热知之結構及設備，以便有助於描述—或多個實施例。 如本申請案中所使用’術語"組件"、”模組"、"系恍”及复 類似者意欲指代電腦相關實體，其為硬體、勒體、硬體盘 軟體之組合、軟體’或執行中之軟體。舉例而[组件； 為（但不限則在處理器上執行之過程、處理器、積體電 路、物件、可執行體、執行線緒、程式及/或電腦。 例說明之’在計算設備上執行之應用程式及計算設備可為 、’且件。msi組件可駐存於—過程及/或執行線緒内， 且-組件可定位於一電腦上及/或分散於兩個或兩個以上 電腦之間。此外，此等組件可自儲存有各種資料結構之各 種電腦可讀媒體執行。組件可（諸如）根據-具有-或多個 育料封包（例如，纟自與區域系統、分散式系統中之另— 組件相互作狀-組件的資料，及/或藉由信號在諸 際網路之網路上與其他系統相互作用之-組件的資料)之 信號而藉由區域及/或遠端過程來通信。 此外纟文結合無線終端機及/或基地台來描述各種 施例。無線終端機可指代向使用者提供語音及/或資料連 124266,doc 200818749 接性之設備。無線終端機可連接至諸如膝上型電腦或桌上 型電腦之計算設備，或其可為諸如個人數位助理（pda')之 自含式（self contained)設備。無線終端機亦可被稱為系 統、用戶單元、用戶台、行動台、行動體、遠端台、存取 點、遠端終端機、存取終端機、㈣者終端機、使用者代 理、使用者㈣，或使用者裝備。無線終端機可為用戶 台、無線設備、蜂巢式電話、PCS電話、無線電話、會話 起始協定（SIP)電話、無線區域迴路（WLL)台、個人數位助 理(PDA)、具有無線連接能力之掌上型設備，或連接至無 線數據機之其他處理設備。基地台（例如，存取點）可指代 存取網路中在空中介面（air-interface)上經由一或多個扇區 而與無線終端機通信之設備。基地台可藉由將所接收之空 中介面訊框轉換為IP封包而充當無線終端機與存取網路之 其餘部分（其可包括網際網路協定（IP)網路）之間的路由 器。基地台亦協調空中介面之屬性的管理。此外，本文所 描述之各種態樣或特徵可被實施為使用標準程式設計及/ 或工程技術之方法、裝置或製品。本文所使用之術語，，製 品"意欲涵蓋可自任何電腦可讀設備、載體或媒體存取之 電腦程式。舉例而言，電腦可讀媒體可包括（但不限於）磁 性儲存設備（例如，硬碟、軟性磁碟、磁條…）、光碟（例 如’緊密光碟（CD)、數位通用光碟（DVD)…）、智慧卡， 及快閃記憶體設備（例如，卡、棒、密鑰驅動器…）。 將根據可包括許多設備、組件、模組及其類似者之系統 來呈現各種實施例。應理解且瞭解，各種系統可能包括額 124266.doc •11- 200818749 卜。又備、、且件 '模組等等，及/或可能不包括結合圖式所 論述之所有設備、組件、模組，#等。亦可使用此等方法 之組合。 本文中使用詞語”例示性”來意謂”充當實例、例子或說 明。在本文中被描述為”例示性，，之任何實施例或設計未 必被理解為比其他實施例或輯較佳或有利。本文中使用 詞語’’收聽”來意謂接受設備（存取點或存取終端機）接收且 處理在給定通道上所接收之資料。 圖1展示具有多個存取點（AP)11〇及多個終端機12〇之無 線通偵系統100。基地台為與終端機通信之台。基地台亦 可被稱為存取點、節點B及/或某其他網路實體，且可含有 其中一些或所有功能性。每一存取點i丨〇提供一特定地理 區域102之通信覆蓋。術語”小區"可視該術語被使用之情 形而指代存取點及/或其覆蓋區域。為了改良系統容量， 可將存取終端機覆蓋區域分割為多個較小區域，例如，三 個較小區域104a、104b及l〇4c。每一較小區域由各別基地 收發器子系統（BTS)伺服。術語”扇區”可視該術語被使用 之情形而L代AP及/或其覆盍區域。對於扇區化小區，用 於彼小區之所有扇區之AP通常共同定位於用於該小區之基 地台内。本文中所描述之信號傳輸技術可用於具有扇區化 小區之系統以及具有未扇區化小區之系統。為了簡單起 見，在以下描述中，術語”基地台”一般用於伺服扇區之台 以及伺服小區之台。 終端機120通常分散於整個系統上，且每一終端機可為 124266.doc -12- 200818749 固定或打動的。終端機亦可被稱為行動台、使用者裝備及/ 或某八Uf ’且可含有其中—些或所有功能性。終端機 可為，、、、線α備、蜂巢式電話、個人數位助理㈣A)、無線 數據機卡’等等。終端機可在任-給定時刻在前向鏈路及 反向鏈路上與零個、一個或多個基地台通信。 對於集中式架構，系統控制器130耦接至ΑΡ 110且提供 對此等基地台之協調及控帝j。系統控^器可為單一網 路實體或網路實體之集合。對於分散式架構，八阿根據需 要而彼此通信。 在某些態樣中，系統可支援諸如CDMA及〇FDMA之多個 協定，其可交替地用於RL&FL傳輸兩者或用於僅一者或 另一者。此外，在〇FDMA通信系統中，一或多個AT可支 援CDMA反向鏈路，以及或代替〇FDM反向鏈路。 圖2展示多向近接多載波通信系統1〇〇中之一 Ap 11〇乂及 兩個AT 120x及120y之一實施例的方塊圖2〇〇。在Αρ 11〇χ 處，傳輸（ΤΧ)資料處理器514接收來自資料源512之訊務資 料（亦即，資訊位元）及來自控制器520及排程器53〇之信號 傳輸及其他資訊。舉例而言，控制器52〇可提供用於調整 活動AT之傳輸功率的功率控制（PC)命令，且·排程器’53〇可 向AT提供載波之指派。可在不同傳送通道上發送此等各種 類型之資料。TX資料處理器514使用多載波調變（例如， OFDM)來編碼及調變接收資料，以提供調變資料（例如， OFDM符號）。傳輸器單元（TMTR)516接著處理調變資料以 產生接著自天竦5 18傳輸之下行鏈路調變信號。此外，記 124266.doc 200818749 憶體522可維持關你$ 乂上、 關於S則或先前指派及/或功率位準之資 訊。 、 在灯12°x及12°y中之每-者處，傳輸及調變信號由天 線552接收且提供至接收器單元(rcvr)554。接收器單元 554處理及數位化接收㈣以提供樣本。接收⑽）資料處 理器556接著解調變及解碼該等樣本以提供解碼資料，其 可包括經恢復之訊務資料、訊息、信號傳輸，等等。訊務 資料可提供至資料儲集器558，且經發送用於終端機之載 波指派及pc命令提供至控制器56〇。記憶體⑹可用於儲存 所接收映射及有助於終端機之操作的其他資訊。控制器 5 6 0使用已被指派給終端機且指示於所接收指《中之資源 來引導上行鏈路上之資料傳輸。 控制器520使用已被指派給終端機之資源來引導下行鏈 路上之賣料傳輸P控制器52〇在不存在待傳輸之實際資料 柃進一步注入抹除簽名封包，然而需要保持經指派之資 源。 、 對於每一活動終端機120，TX資料處理器574接收來自 貧料源572之訊務資料及來自控制器56〇之信號傳輸及其他 資訊。舉例而言，控制器560可提供指示通道品質資訊、 所需傳輸功率、最大傳輸功率或終端機之最大傳輸功率與 所需傳輸功率之間的差之資訊。各種類型之資料由了又資 料處理器574使用經指派之載波進行編碼及調變，且進一 步由傳輸器單元576處理，以產生接著自天線552傳輸之上 行鏈路調變信號。 、 124266.doc -14· 200818749 在AP HOx處，來自at之傳輸及調變信號由天線5i8接 收、由接收态單兀532處理且由rX資料處理器534解調變 及解碼。解碼信號可提供至資料儲集器536。接收器單元 532可估計每一終端機之接收信?虎品質(例如，#收信雜比 (SNR))且將此貧訊提供至控制器52〇。控制器52〇可接著導 出每一終端機之PC命令，使得該終端機之接收信號品質維 持於可接受範圍内。RX資料處理器534將每一終端機之經 恢復之反饋資訊（例如，所需傳輸功率）提供至控制器52〇及 排程器530。 排程器530可將一指示提供至控制器52〇以維持資源。若 杈多資料經排程為待傳輸，則提供此指示。對於at 120χ，控制器560可判定是否需要維持資源。在某些態樣 中，控制器520可執行提供排程器53〇之功能性的指令。 如圖3所不，存取點300可包含主單元（MU)25〇及無線電 單兀（RU)275。MU 250包括存取點之數位基頻組件。舉例 而&，MU 250可包括基頻組件2〇5及數位中頻（Ιρ)處理單 元210。數位吓處理單元21〇藉由執行諸如濾波、通道化、 調變等等之功能而以中頻來數位地處理無、線電通道資料。 RU 275包括存取點之類比無線電部件。如本文中所使用， …、線電單元為存取點或直接或間接連接至行動交換中心或 相應設備之其他類型之收發器台之類比無線電部件。無線 電早元通㊉伺服通信系統中之特定扇區。舉例而言， 275可包括連接至一或多個天線以“至235t以用於自行動 用戶單元接收無線電通信之一或多個接收器23〇。在一態 124266.doc 200818749 樣中，一或多個功率放大器282&至2821耦接至一或多個天 線23 53至2351。連接至接收器23〇的係類比數位（八/]^轉換 器225。A/D轉換器225將由接收器230所接收之類比無線電 通信轉換成用於經由數位IF處理單元21〇而傳輸至基頻組 件205之數位輸入。RU 275亦可包括連接至相同或不同天 線235以用於將無線電通信傳輸至存取終端機之一或多個 傳輸器220。連接至傳輸器220的係數位類比（D/A)轉換器 215。D/A轉換器21 5將經由數位if處理單元210而自基頻組 件205所接收之數位通信轉換成用於傳輸至行動用戶單元 之類比輸出。在某些實施例中，多工器284用於多重通道 h號之多工及包括語音信號及資料信號之各種信號之多 工。中央處理器280耦接至主單元250及無線電單元275以 用於控制包括語音或資料信.號處理之各種處理。 本文中t描述無線通信系統設計之一或多個態樣，其支 援全雙工與半雙工分頻雙工（FDD)及分時雙工（TDD)操作 模式，且支援可縮放頻寬。然而，無需為此情況，且除了 先前模式以外或代替先前模式，亦可支援其他模式。另 外’應注意’本文之概念及方法無需結合本文所描述之任 何其他概念或方法來使用。本文所論述之各種態樣亦可與 超級行動寬頻帶（UMB)相關聯，UMB為向自計算平臺至行 動手機之範圍内之各種設備提供行動寬頻帶服務之行動正 交分頻多向近接（OFDMA)解決方案。其採用有助於如 ΜΙΜΟ等等之進階技術之信號傳輸及控制機制。因此，此 技術可提供大體上類似於與陸線網路相關聯之寬頻帶存取 124266.doc -16 - 200818749 之行動寬頻帶經歷。 在一態樣中，可傳輸CDMA資料信號之AT與傳輸OFDM 資料信號之其他AT—起被指派CDMA控制子區段，及用於 資料傳輸之一或多個CDMA訊務子區段。舉例而言，在 UMB系統中，CDMA子區段由訊框中之頻寬之連續部分組 成，其每隔預定數目之PHY訊框而週期性地發生。為了控 制通道傳輸之目的，單一存取終端機可被指派一或多個控 制子區段。此等控制子區段被稱為CDMA控制子區段。此 外，為了 CDMA訊務傳輸之目的，存取終端機亦可被指派 一或多個CDMA子區段，其被稱為CDMA訊務子區段。用 於訊務之CDMA子區段集合可能或可能不與用於控制之 CDMA子區段集合相同。通常，每一 AP處之CDMA區段包 含多個子區段，其可藉由網路來組態而在時間及/或頻率 上以預定或動態方式加以配置。CDMA子區段指派為靈活 的，其在網路或網路之部分上可為共同的，且對於所有AT 為相同的，或允許相鄰AP上之部分重疊。另外，AP亦被 允許對於所有AT僅具有控制子區段（亦即，無訊務）。控制 子區段可在OFDM反向鏈路之訊務子區段上被排程或跳 躍。另外，在某些態樣中，輔助導頻可在載運資料傳輸之 訊框中在與資料傳輸相同之頻寬上傳輸。資料訊框通常包 含訊框控制欄位、位址欄位、訊框主體及訊框檢查序列以 及其他值。 在一態樣中，CDMA反向鏈路（RL)資料傳輸支援對封包 再傳輸之自動重複請求（ARQ)或混合自動重複請求（H- 124266.doc -17· 200818749 ARQ)。ARQ為資料傳輸中之誤差控制方法，其中接收器 將確認發送至傳輸器以指示資料訊框之正確接收。混合 ARQ(H_ARQ)為ARQ誤差控制方法之變型，其中將誤差偵 測資訊（諸如，循環冗餘檢查）及誤差校正碼（例如，渦輪 碼）編碼成資料區塊。當接收到該經編碼之資料區塊時， 可擷取誤差校正碼以校正傳輸誤差且獲得校正資料訊框。 若未校正所有傳輸誤差，則接收器可以類似於ARQ之方式 來請求再傳輸。 圖4A說明根據一態樣之η-ARQ交錯結構的再傳輸時刻 表。資料傳輸通常係以可被稱作傳輸時間間隔（TTI)之固 疋持續時間之訊框來組織。每一訊框可由特定數目之時槽 構成。通常，小區内之ΑΤ可以訊框及時槽位準兩者來同 步。為了在AN及AT處提供Η-ARQ相關處理時間，可將三 交錯結構（three interlace struetui'e)用於FL及RL·兩者ρ·根據 一態樣，——交錯可包含一訊框集合，使得每一訊框可間隔 開七個PHY^L框，且每一ρΗγ訊框包含8個〇1?〇汹符號。 Η-ARQ通常藉由形成具有以誤差校正碼及誤差偵測碼來 編碼之傳輸資料之訊框加以實施。根據一態樣，對於 DMA資料傳冑’利用具有八個再傳輸之單訊框傳輸時間 門隔（TTI)。此可與在同_系、统上所傳輸之題資料相 同。然而，該交錯結構可導致使用者中之不良的統計多 且說明來自冑冑器之增益及損失之鏈路預算為較差 的。此等缺點可藉由具有在等間隔訊框集合上所分裂之封 包之交錯結構來克服。因此，可利用具有八個再傳輸之三 124266.doc -18 - 200818749 訊框TTI用於資料傳輸，如圖4 A中所說明。在此態樣中， 界定CDMA區段，使得其在至少三個PHY訊框上傳輸，例 如，單一封包在三個PHY訊框上以若干部分來傳輸。在其 他態樣中，CDMA資料之給定H-ARQ傳輸遍布在與可用訊 框一樣多（例如從形成ΤΊΓΙ之三個訊框）的訊框上。排程器 可維持CDMA訊務之配置中之粒度，同時提供靈活性以改 良本文所論述之統計多工。 對於給定AT，AP可指定可用於CDMA資料之交錯集合。 此外，AP亦可經由指派或其他傳輸來指定在組態期間封包 可開始時之交錯。舉例而言，可存在高達每使用者兩個交 錯被允許用於CDMA資料傳輸。根據圖4A中所說明之時刻 表，AP指定交錯0、1及2待用於CDMA資料（對於此AT)， 且封包傳輸應在交錯0中開始且跨越交錯〇、1及2。確認 (ACK)在交錯5處自AT傳輸至AP，且隨後，資料在跨越交 錯8、9及10之再傳輸中重複。圖4B展示AP指定交錯1及2 、待用於CDMA資料（對於此AT)且指派封包開始交錯0之態 樣。因此，封包傳輸跨越交錯1及2。一般而言，一 AP可指 定兩個該等’’封包開始”交錯。兩個封包開始交錯可間隔開 至少三個訊框。將確認（ACK)資源指派給對應於每一交錯 之AT，在其上，其可開始如圖4A及圖4B所示之封包。一 般而言，對於一開始交錯k，AT之封包可基於被指派給AT 以用於其CDMA訊務之交錯而跨越一或多個交錯k、k+1及 k+2。遍布在三個PHY訊框上會提供使用者中之改良的統 計多工，以及改良傳輸器增益，從而引起對於相同封包大 124266.doc -19· 200818749 小之較佳鏈路預算。此外，其向AP提供靈活性以基於各種 標準（例如，頻寬需求）來指定用於不同AT之可變TTI大 小 〇The other ATs are assigned a CDMA Control subsection and are used for data transmission of one or more CDMA Traffic subsections. The CDMA sector at each Ap consists of a number of sub-sections that can be configured by the network to be configured in time and/or frequency in a pre- or sorrow manner. In a sad case, a three-frame transmission time interval (TTI) with eight retransmissions is used for CDMA data transmission. The CDMA sector is defined such that it is transmitted in at least three PHY frames, e.g., the single-packet is transmitted on the three ρ Η frames with the right-hand portion. According to other aspects, the given H-ARQ transmission of the data is spread over as many of the available bribes (for example, from the two frames forming the claws). In addition, Ap can specify the interleaving at the beginning of the packet during configuration. In some aspects, the auxiliary pilot can be transmitted on the same bandwidth as the data transmission in the frame of the data transmission. In different aspects, the scrambling frequency of the rl auxiliary pilot AUxpleh) can be a function of both the rate indication and the transmission index. This allows the AT to signal the change in rate for the Z-CD transmission with a minimum. Additional item. In the other secret, R-AuxPICH (reverse 124266.doc 200818749 Auxiliary Pilot Channel) is transmitted when CDMA data is present and may be omitted by the AT for OFDM data transmission. Therefore, the R-AuxPICH is used as the channel estimation pilot for CDMA transmission at the AP. In various aspects, the power of CDMA traffic and R-AuxPICH is fixed based on the packet format. The ratio of R-AuxPICH to R-PICH can vary based on ACK/NACK feedback. According to different aspects, this is achieved by setting the termination target, the up step-size and the down step-size during configuration. In other aspects, an indication is in a particular sector. Loading (by the rise over thermal (RoT) or some other measurement) whether the unit reverse link activity bit (RAB) exceeds the predetermined threshold can be used as an emergency load Into the control mechanism. This can be used to determine which streams are allowed to transmit data on the CDMA traffic segment in each of the frames. In another aspect, the meaning of the RAB bit of each terminal can be set during configuration. The following description and the annexed drawings set forth, in detail However, such aspects are indicative of only a few of the various modes of the claimed subject matter, and the claimed subject matter is intended to include all such aspects and their equivalents. Other advantages and discriminating features of the claimed subject matter will become apparent when the following detailed description is claimed. The same reference numerals are used to refer to the same elements throughout the drawings. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth However, it will be apparent that the claimed subject matter can be practiced without the specific details described herein. In other instances, block diagrams are used to illustrate structures and devices that are not well known to assist in describing the claimed subject matter. Various embodiments are described with reference to the drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to the same elements throughout. In the following description, for the purposes of illustration However, it will be apparent that the embodiment may be practiced without such specific details. In other instances, structures and devices that are not known are shown in the form of a block diagram in order to facilitate a description or a plurality of embodiments. As used in this application, the terms "component", "module", "system" and the like are intended to refer to computer-related entities, which are hardware, hardware, and hardware. Combination, software' or software in execution. For example, [components; (but not limited to processes executed on a processor, processors, integrated circuits, objects, executables, threads, programs, and/or computers. Example descriptions on computing devices) The executed application and computing device can be, and can be, the msi component can reside in a process and/or execution thread, and the component can be located on a computer and/or spread over two or more. In addition, such components can be executed from a variety of computer readable media having various data structures stored therein. The components can be, for example, based on - having or multiple feed packets (eg, from a regional system, distributed) The other part of the system - the interaction of the components - the data of the components, and / or the signals of the components interacting with other systems via the signals on the network of the network - by region and / or remote The process is to communicate. In addition, the text describes the various embodiments in combination with the wireless terminal and/or the base station. The wireless terminal may refer to a device that provides voice and/or data to the user. Can be connected to A computing device such as a laptop or desktop computer, or it may be a self contained device such as a personal digital assistant (pda'). The wireless terminal may also be referred to as a system, subscriber unit, user. Station, mobile station, mobile station, remote station, access point, remote terminal, access terminal, (4) terminal, user agent, user (4), or user equipment. Wireless terminal can be user Desk, wireless device, cellular phone, PCS phone, wireless phone, Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) phone, Wireless Area Loop (WLL) station, Personal Digital Assistant (PDA), handheld device with wireless connectivity, or connection To other processing devices of the wireless data machine. A base station (eg, an access point) may refer to a device in the access network that communicates with the wireless terminal via one or more sectors on an air-interface. The base station can act as a router between the wireless terminal and the rest of the access network (which can include the Internet Protocol (IP) network) by converting the received null intermediate frame to an IP packet. The base station also coordinates the management of the attributes of the empty intermediaries. Furthermore, the various aspects or features described herein can be implemented as methods, apparatus or articles of manufacture using standard programming and/or engineering techniques. Terms, articles, articles used herein " is intended to cover computer programs that are accessible from any computer-readable device, carrier, or media. For example, computer-readable media can include, but is not limited to, magnetic storage devices (eg, hard disks, floppy disks, magnetic Articles...), CDs (eg 'Compact Disc (CD), Digital Universal Disc (DVD)...), smart cards, and flash memory devices (eg, cards, sticks, key drives...). Various embodiments are presented in terms of systems, components, modules, and the like. It should be understood and appreciated that various systems may include the amount 124266.doc •11-200818749. Also provided, and the 'module, etc., and/or may not include all of the devices, components, modules, etc. discussed in connection with the drawings. A combination of these methods can also be used. The word "exemplary" is used herein to mean "serving as an example, instance or description. It is described as "exemplary", and any embodiment or design is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments. The term 'listening' is used herein to mean that a receiving device (access point or access terminal) receives and processes the data received on a given channel. Figure 1 shows a plurality of access points (APs) 11 and a plurality of terminals 12A wireless communication system 100. The base station is a station that communicates with the terminal. The base station may also be referred to as an access point, a Node B, and/or some other network entity, and may include some of them. Or all functionality. Each access point provides a communication coverage for a particular geographic area 102. The term "community" refers to an access point and/or its coverage area as the term is used. In order to improve system capacity, the access terminal coverage area can be divided into a plurality of smaller areas, for example, three smaller areas 104a, 104b and 104c. Each smaller area is servoed by a separate base transceiver subsystem (BTS). The term "sector" may refer to the case where the term is used and the L-AP and/or its coverage area. For sectorized cells, the APs for all sectors of the cell are typically co-located within the base station for the cell. The signal transmission techniques described herein are applicable to systems with sectorized cells and systems with unsectorized cells. For the sake of simplicity, in the following description, the term "base station" is generally used for stations of servo sectors and stations of servo cells. Terminals 120 are typically dispersed throughout the system, and each terminal can be fixed or impressed with 124266.doc -12-200818749. The terminal may also be referred to as a mobile station, user equipment, and/or some eight Uf' and may contain some or all of the functionality therein. The terminal can be , , , , line alpha, cellular, personal digital assistant (4) A), wireless modem card, etc. The terminal can communicate with zero, one or more base stations on the forward and reverse links at any given time. For a centralized architecture, system controller 130 is coupled to ΑΡ 110 and provides coordination and control for such base stations. The system controller can be a collection of single network entities or network entities. For decentralized architecture, Baa communicates with each other as needed. In some aspects, the system can support multiple protocols such as CDMA and 〇FDMA, which can be used alternately for both RL&FL transmissions or for only one or the other. Moreover, in a 〇FDMA communication system, one or more ATs may support a CDMA reverse link, and or instead of a 〇FDM reverse link. 2 shows a block diagram of an embodiment of one of the multi-directional proximity multi-carrier communication system 1A 11 and two ATs 120x and 120y. At Αρ11〇χ, the transmission (ΤΧ) data processor 514 receives the traffic data (i.e., information bits) from the data source 512 and the signal transmissions and other information from the controller 520 and the scheduler 53A. For example, controller 52A may provide power control (PC) commands for adjusting the transmit power of the active AT, and scheduler '53' may provide assignment of carriers to the AT. These various types of data can be sent on different transmission channels. The TX data processor 514 encodes and modulates the received data using multi-carrier modulation (e.g., OFDM) to provide modulated data (e.g., OFDM symbols). The Transmitter Unit (TMTR) 516 then processes the modulated data to produce a downlink modulated signal that is then transmitted from the Scorpio 5 18 transmission. In addition, note 124266.doc 200818749 Remembrance 522 can maintain information about your 乂, about S or previous assignments and/or power levels. At each of the lamps 12° x and 12° y, the transmission and modulation signals are received by the antenna 552 and provided to the receiver unit (rcvr) 554. Receiver unit 554 processes and digitizes reception (4) to provide samples. The receiving (10) data processor 556 then demodulates and decodes the samples to provide decoded data, which may include recovered traffic data, messages, signal transmissions, and the like. The traffic data can be provided to the data store 558 and provided to the controller 56 via a carrier assignment and a pc command sent for the terminal. The memory (6) can be used to store the received maps and other information that facilitates the operation of the terminal. The controller 506 uses the resources that have been assigned to the terminal and are indicated in the received finger to direct the data transmission on the uplink. The controller 520 uses the resources that have been assigned to the terminal to direct the merchandise transmission P controller 52 on the downlink to further inject the erasure signature packet in the absence of the actual data to be transmitted, however the assigned resources need to be maintained. For each active terminal 120, the TX data processor 574 receives the traffic data from the poor source 572 and the signal transmission and other information from the controller 56. For example, controller 560 can provide information indicative of channel quality information, required transmission power, maximum transmission power, or the difference between the maximum transmission power of the terminal and the required transmission power. The various types of data are encoded and modulated by the data processor 574 using the assigned carrier and further processed by the transmitter unit 576 to produce an uplink modulated signal that is then transmitted from the antenna 552. 124266.doc -14· 200818749 At AP HOx, the transmission and modulation signals from at are received by antenna 5i8, processed by receive state unit 532, and demodulated and decoded by rX data processor 534. The decoded signal can be provided to a data reservoir 536. Receiver unit 532 can estimate the received message quality (e.g., # Receive Ratio (SNR)) for each terminal and provide this mitigation to controller 52A. The controller 52 can then derive the PC command for each terminal such that the received signal quality of the terminal is maintained within an acceptable range. The RX data processor 534 provides recovered feedback information (e.g., required transmission power) for each terminal to the controller 52 and the scheduler 530. Scheduler 530 can provide an indication to controller 52 to maintain resources. This indication is provided if more data is scheduled for transmission. For at 120 χ, controller 560 can determine if resources need to be maintained. In some aspects, controller 520 can execute instructions that provide the functionality of scheduler 53. As shown in FIG. 3, access point 300 can include a primary unit (MU) 25A and a radio unit (RU) 275. The MU 250 includes a digital baseband component of the access point. For example, &, MU 250 may include a baseband component 2〇5 and a digital intermediate frequency (Ιρ) processing unit 210. The digital scarring processing unit 21 digitally processes the no-line and line-channel data at an intermediate frequency by performing functions such as filtering, channelization, modulation, and the like. The RU 275 includes an analog component like an access point. As used herein, ... a line unit is an access point or an analog radio component that is directly or indirectly connected to a mobile switching center or other type of transceiver station of a corresponding device. The radio has a specific sector in the ten-servo communication system. For example, 275 can include connecting to one or more antennas to "to 235t for receiving one or more receivers 23" from the mobile subscriber unit. In a state 124266.doc 200818749, one or A plurality of power amplifiers 282 & 2821 are coupled to one or more antennas 23 53 to 2351. An analog to digital (8/) converter 225 is coupled to the receiver 23A. The A/D converter 225 will be used by the receiver 230. The received analog radio communication is converted to a digital input for transmission to the baseband component 205 via the digital IF processing unit 21. The RU 275 can also include connections to the same or different antennas 235 for transmitting radio communications to the access. One or more transmitters 220 of the terminal. A coefficient bit analog (D/A) converter 215 connected to the transmitter 220. The D/A converter 215 will be from the baseband component 205 via the digital if processing unit 210. The received digital communication is converted to an analog output for transmission to the mobile subscriber unit. In some embodiments, the multiplexer 284 is used for multi-channel h-number multiplexing and multiplexing of various signals including voice signals and data signals. .CPU 280 is coupled to the main unit 250 and the radio unit 275 for controlling various processes including voice or data signal processing. Here t describes one or more aspects of the wireless communication system design, which supports full duplex and half. Duplex Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) and Time Division Duplex (TDD) modes of operation, and support for scalable bandwidth. However, this is not necessary and other modes can be supported in addition to or in place of the previous mode. In addition, it should be noted that the concepts and methods herein are not required to be used in conjunction with any other concepts or methods described herein. The various aspects discussed herein may also be associated with Super Mobile Broadband (UMB), which is a self-computing platform. Mobile orthogonal frequency multi-directional proximity (OFDMA) solutions for mobile broadband services ranging from mobile devices to mobile handsets. This technique can provide an action broadband experience that is substantially similar to the wideband access 124266.doc -16 - 200818749 associated with a landline network. In one aspect, The AT transmitting the CDMA data signal is assigned to the CDMA control subsection together with the other AT transmitting the OFDM data signal, and is used for one or more CDMA traffic subsections of the data transmission. For example, in the UMB system, The CDMA sub-segment consists of a contiguous portion of the bandwidth of the frame, which occurs periodically every predetermined number of PHY frames. For the purpose of controlling channel transmission, a single access terminal may be assigned one or more Control subsections. These control subsections are referred to as CDMA control subsections. Furthermore, for the purpose of CDMA traffic transmission, the access terminal may also be assigned one or more CDMA subsections, which are called For the CDMA traffic subsection. The set of CDMA sub-sections for traffic may or may not be the same as the set of CDMA sub-sections used for control. Typically, the CDMA section at each AP contains a plurality of sub-sections that can be configured by the network to be configured in a predetermined or dynamic manner in time and/or frequency. The CDMA sub-segments are assigned to be flexible, which may be common across portions of the network or network, and are the same for all ATs, or allow partial overlap on neighboring APs. In addition, the AP is also allowed to have only control subsections (i.e., no traffic) for all ATs. The control subsection can be scheduled or hopped on the traffic subsection of the OFDM reverse link. In addition, in some aspects, the auxiliary pilot can be transmitted on the same bandwidth as the data transmission in the frame of the carried data transmission. The data frame usually contains the frame control field, the address field, the frame body and the frame check sequence, and other values. In one aspect, CDMA reverse link (RL) data transmission supports automatic repeat request (ARQ) or hybrid automatic repeat request for packet retransmission (H-124266.doc -17·200818749 ARQ). ARQ is an error control method in data transmission, in which the receiver sends an acknowledgment to the transmitter to indicate the correct reception of the data frame. Hybrid ARQ (H_ARQ) is a variation of the ARQ error control method in which error detection information (such as cyclic redundancy check) and error correction code (e.g., turbo code) are encoded into data blocks. When the encoded data block is received, an error correction code can be retrieved to correct the transmission error and obtain a corrected data frame. If all transmission errors are not corrected, the receiver can request retransmission in a manner similar to ARQ. Figure 4A illustrates a retransmission schedule of an η-ARQ interlace structure according to an aspect. Data transmission is typically organized in frames that can be referred to as the transmission time interval (TTI). Each frame can be made up of a specific number of time slots. Generally, the cell in the cell can be synchronized by both the frame and the slot. In order to provide Η-ARQ related processing time at AN and AT, three interlace struetui'e can be used for both FL and RL. According to one aspect, the interlace can include a frame set. So that each frame can be separated by seven PHY^L boxes, and each ρΗγ frame contains 8 〇1?〇汹 symbols. Η-ARQ is usually implemented by forming a frame having transmission data encoded with an error correction code and an error detection code. According to one aspect, a single frame transmission time interval (TTI) with eight retransmissions is utilized for DMA data transmission. This can be the same as the information transmitted on the same system. However, this interleaved structure can result in poor statistics in the user and a poor link budget indicating the gain and loss from the device. These shortcomings can be overcome by having an interleaved structure of packets that are split on a set of equally spaced frames. Therefore, a TTI with eight retransmissions can be utilized for data transmission, as illustrated in Figure 4A. In this aspect, the CDMA segment is defined such that it is transmitted on at least three PHY frames, e.g., a single packet is transmitted in several portions over three PHY frames. In other aspects, a given H-ARQ transmission of CDMA data is spread over as many frames as there are available frames (e.g., from the three frames that form the frame). The scheduler maintains granularity in the configuration of CDMA traffic while providing flexibility to improve the statistical multiplexing as discussed herein. For a given AT, the AP can specify an interlaced set that can be used for CDMA data. In addition, the AP can also specify the interleaving at the beginning of the packet during configuration via assignment or other transmission. For example, there can be up to two interleaves per user allowed for CDMA data transmission. According to the time table illustrated in Figure 4A, the AP specifies that interlaces 0, 1, and 2 are to be used for CDMA data (for this AT), and the packet transmission should begin in interlace 0 and span the interlaces 1, 1 and 2. Acknowledgement (ACK) is transmitted from the AT to the AP at Interlace 5, and then the data is repeated in retransmissions across Interleaves 8, 9, and 10. Figure 4B shows the AP designating Interlaces 1 and 2, to be used for CDMA data (for this AT), and assigning packets to start interleaving 0. Therefore, the packet transmission spans the interlaces 1 and 2. In general, an AP may specify two such 'packet start' interlaces. Two packets begin to be interleaved to be spaced apart by at least three frames. An acknowledgment (ACK) resource is assigned to the AT corresponding to each interlace. In this case, it can begin the packet as shown in Figures 4A and 4B. In general, for the initial interlace k, the AT packet can span one or more based on the interlace assigned to the AT for its CDMA traffic. Interlaced k, k+1, and k+2. Spreading across the three PHY frames provides improved statistical multiplexing for the user, as well as improved transmitter gain, resulting in a large 124266.doc -19 for the same packet. 200818749 Small preferred link budget. In addition, it provides flexibility to APs to specify variable TTI sizes for different ATs based on various criteria (eg, bandwidth requirements).
圖4C展示如前文所述之用於傳輸CDMA訊務資料之PHY 訊框的實施例。根據此態樣，每一 PHY訊框係由8個OFDM — 符號組成。 ~ 圖5與根據一態樣之用於自AT傳輸資料之一實施例有 關。在此實施例中，編碼器502以類似於OFDMA訊務之方 • 式（例如，藉由使用1/5渦輪碼）來編碼傳輸資料或資訊位元 用於CDMA訊務。此等經編碼之位元由交錯器504交錯。 根據一態樣，該交錯器可為修剪位元反轉通道交錯器 (pruned bit-reversal channel interleaver)。擾頻器 506基於 RL伺服扇區之使用者MACID及導頻偽雜訊（PN)碼來擾頻 經交錯之位元。應注意，CDMA訊務資料之此擾頻與 _ CDMA控制資料之擾頻不同。調變器508藉由採用（例如）正 交相移鍵控（QPSK)調變來調變經擾頻之CDMA訊務資料。 將所得符號映射至離散傅立葉變換（DFT)預編碼器510之輸 入以用於在傳輸之前進一步預調節調變資料。每CDMA傳 • 輸之調變符號之數目視CDMA區段之頻寬（或經配置之 ^ CDMA子區段之數目）以及交錯中訊框之數目而定。舉例而 言，3個PHY訊框上之128副載波CDMA區段對應於3072個 調變符號。另外，如在OFDMA訊務中，當調變符號之所 需數目對應於小於1/5之碼率時，使用重複。 根據一態樣’ CDMA訊務區段上之封包格式支援網際網 124266.doc •20- 200818749 路語音協定（VoIP)通信。在一態樣中，VoIP支援可藉由使 用兩個封包大小（例如，256及128)來最佳化，此等封包大 小可用於分別對應於全速率及四分之一速率增強型可變速 率CODEC (EVRC)訊框。封包大小可包括媒體存取控制 (MAC)以及循環冗餘碼（CRC)附加項。此外，其他類型之 流（除了 VoIP以外）可在此區段上傳輸。CDMA流映射係由 AT使用分散式AT中心CDMA MAC或其他映射來判定。通 常，指派指示允許哪些流僅在CDMA訊務區段上、僅在 OFDMA訊務區段上或在兩者上。然而，AT可基於資料類 型（例如，流ID)或其他方法來判定此類型之資訊。在一態 樣中，用於CDMA資料傳輸之封包格式可經由載運待用於 資料解調變之輔助導頻之RL輔助導頻通道（R-AuxPich)的 擾頻來指示。此允許AT以最小附加項來將用於RL CDMA 傳輸之速率的改變進行信號傳輸。 圖6展示說明可用以減輕對RRI通道之必要性以及對多個 假設解調變/解碼之需要之悲樣的流程圖6 0 0。在6 0 2處’ 判定待傳輸之資料是否為CDMA訊務資料。若是，則過程 移動至步驟604，否則，其到達結束區塊。在604處，基於 待傳輸之封包格式以及再傳輸指數（當前傳輸之再傳輸數 目）來擾頻輔助導頻符號。再傳輸數目可為當前封包所表 示之ARQ傳輸之數目。如前文所陳述，且如後文在圖6B中 進一步所說明，辅助導頻在載運資料傳输之訊框中傳輸。 因此，在606處，將經擾頻之符號包括於載運資料之訊框 内。因此，每一訊框中之導頻及資料符號經歷相同傳輸處 124266.doc -21 - 200818749 理且在608處傳輸。在接收到此等資料訊框後，Ap即可使 擾頻與不同假設相關以在資料解調變之前判定封包格式及 傳輸指數。另外，對於CDMA通道上之稍後傳輸，AP可與 來自先前傳輸之R-AuxPich(導頻）組合以識別封包格式或傳 輸指數中之一或多個。 根據某些態樣，傳輸載運待在前向方向上接收之關於資 料傳輸速率之資訊的資料速率控制（DRC)通道。相反地， 亦傳輸載運待在反向方向上傳輸之關於訊務通道之資訊的 反向速率指示符（RRI)通道，以支援CDMA系統内前向及反 向方向上之咼速資料通信。基地台與行動台因此交換控制 資訊’藉此平滑地執行資料通信。然而，基於封包格式及 再傳輸指數之R-AuxPich(導頻）之擾頻移除對潛在昂貴之 RRI通道之需要及對AP處多重假設解調變/解碼之需要。 圖7為與向通信系統内之各種反向鏈路通道提供功率控 制迴路之另一態樣有關的流程圖。R-PICH為由全零且之前 立即被傳輸作為藉由在反向共同控制通道（r_Ccch)上傳 輸初始存取訊息之行動台之存取序文的CdmA碼所遍布之 通道。用於反向鏈路導頻通道（R_PICH)及控制通道之功率 控制迴路與不存在CDMA資料聘之情況相同。即使當存在 CDMA資料時，仍傳輸前向鏈路功率控制通道(F_pcCH)。 因此，F-PCCH在不同條件下傳輸，例如，在存在或不存 在CDMA資料時，即使其構成較小附加項亦如此，因為其 針對導頻而確保緊密之接收SNR設定點。 在通k系統内，將各種量度用作效能速率指示符。接收 124266.doc •22· 200818749 信號之SNR或信雜比為一種此量度。此可在判定AT之傳輸 功率位準時加以採用。因此，在710處，量測一效能指示 符。在720處，將所量測之效能指示符與一預定SNR設定 點比較，以便判定通信品質。若所量測之效能指示符小於 設定點，則可在730處推斷相關聯之AT正以高於最佳所需 要之功率位準的功率位準來傳輸信號。因此，AP在740處 傳輸F-PCCH以有助於減少AT之傳輸功率。此經由指定與 F-PCCH傳輸内之接收信號相關聯之AT之MACID來實現。 相反地，若在720處判定所量測之效能指示符大於設定 點，則可在750處推斷相關聯之AT正以低於最佳所需要之 功率位準的功率位準來傳輸。因此，在760處，AP經由包 含AT之MACID之F-PCCH傳輸而增加AT之傳輸功率位準。 在710處，系統繼續監測AT之傳輸功率位準。因此，F-PCCH載運控制傳輸R-PICH時之位準的上下命令&此迴路 提供為導頻維持接收SNR設定點。即使當存在CDMA資料 時，仍傳輸此等功率控制信號，藉此確保R-PICH及控制通 道之功率控制迴路保持不受CDMA資料之功率控制的影 響。R-PICH及控制通道之功率控制位元構成較小信號傳輸 附加項，然而，其有助於維持此等通道之SNR，若該等 SNR基於CDMA資料之ACK/NACK而被功率控制，則其將 另外不必要地波動。SNR設定點亦可用作對設定控制通道 及資料功率之參考。關於R-PICH，基於ACK/NACK之功率 控制用於控制傳輸CDMA'資料時之位準。 圖8與用於基於ACK/NACK反饋來設定通信系統内之各 124266.doc -23- 200818749 種導頻通道之功率的方法800有關。所使用之傳輸功率最 初係基於最近成功存取探測之功率，且接著基於在F-PCCH上所接收之反饋力口以動態地調整。如所論述，當存 在CDMA資料時，上述R-AuxPICH被傳輸，且可針對 OFDM資料傳輸而由AT省略。R-AuxPICH可用作AP處 CDMA傳輸之通道估計導頻。反向鏈路寬頻帶導頻通道（R-PICH)提供整個頻寬上之功率控制參考。在一態樣中， CDMA訊務與R-AuxPICH之功率比基於封包格式而固定。 舉例而言，每一封包袼式之比率在通信會話之組態期間被 設置。R-AuxPICH與R-PICH之比率可基於ACK/NACK反饋 而變化。ACK通常回應於所接收傳輸被發送以指示傳輸被 正確地接收。回應於傳輸之NACK指示傳輸未被正確地接 收。回應於ACK，傳輸器傳輸下一資料，而回應於 NACK，然而，傳輸器再傳輸未被正確地接收之傳輸。 現轉向圖8，在802處，判定載運於封包中之QoS流。封 包之QoS可視（例如）由封包所載運之資料類型而變化。緊 接著在804處判定用於調整R-AuxPICH與R-PICH之功率比 的終止目標。在806處判定上行及下行步長。針對每一封 包而基於載運於該封包中之流的QoS來判定終止目標以及 上行及下行步長。在808處，接收來自傳輸該封包之反 饋。在810處，將反饋與終止目槔比較以判定封包是否已 超過目標而終止。若是，則在812處使比率R-AuxPICH/R-PICH增加上行步長，藉此增加R-AuxPICH之傳輸功率且因 此增加資料之傳輸功率。若810處之判定為否定的，則推 124266.doc -24 - 200818749 斷封包已在其終止目標處或之前終止。因此，在814處， 使R-AuxPICH/R-PICH比率減少下行步長。 圖9為關於與CDMA區段之載入相關聯之另一態樣的流 程圖。此通常經由對區段及/或AP(其亦可有利地支援QoS 訊務（如VoIP))之容許控制來控制。圖9說明採用單位元反 向鏈路活動位元（RAB)作為緊急载入控制機制之方法900。 RAB位元指示特定扇區處之載入（藉由熱增量（RoT)或某其 他量測來指示）是否超過預定臨限值。此可用於判定允許 哪些流在每一 PHY訊框中在CDMA訊務區段上傳輸資料。 因此，RAB之意義最初在封包組態期間被設置。因此，在 902處，最初判定被組態之封包是否與QoS流（如VoIP)有 關。若是，則在904處將其組態以忽略被廣播之RAB位元 且改為依賴於容許控制。若902處之組態不與QoS流相關 聯，則該方法進行至步驟906，其中自相關聯之AT之活動 集合中的每一扇區獲得RAB位元。在908處，將所接收 RAB位元與一臨限值比較，以便識別經設定之任何位元是 否超過臨限值。若無任何位元超過臨限值，則過程進行至 910，其中載入CDMA區段。然而，若任何RAB位元超過 臨限值，則在912處告知非QoS訊務停止使用CDMA區段。 為了進一步利用RAB，終端機收聽來自其活動集合中之每 一扇區之經受RL品質（關於RL伺服扇區）上之臨限值的 RAB，若設定超過臨限值之任何所接收RAB位元，則終端 機表現為如同其由RLSS設定一般。RAB為開關鍵控通 道。在一態樣中，開啟狀態中之RAB僅使用由F-PQICH(自 124266.doc •25· 200818749 AP傳輸至AT之導頻品質通道，其指示來自AT之RL導頻之 品質）所使用之16個碼字組中之一個碼字組。 確認位元可使用與用於OFDMA資料之調變相同的調變 來簡化AT RL處理。在一態樣中，被容許進入CDMA區段 之每一使用者被指派一對應於允許封包開始時之每一交錯 的ACKID。基於在構架中所指定之解碼時刻表，此ACKID 可應用於ACK針對此交錯將被傳輸之訊框中。如上文所論 述，在一態樣中，（例如）在通信會話之初始組態期間指派 高達兩個封包開始交錯，且因此指派高達每使用者兩個 ACKID。在一態樣中，CDMA ACKID 0對應於未被指派給 OFDMA訊務之第一 ACK通道。在另一態樣中，在被指派 給OFDMA訊務之ACK之數目視可用於ACK訊務之頻寬而 定的情況下，被指派給CDMA資料之ACK基於被配置給 CDMA區段之頻寬而自動地減少。 如本文所使用，區段或子區段可為預定時間頻率或頻率 配置，其可在時間及/或頻率上為連續或非連續的。通 常，區段或子區段為可用配置之子集，其中配置之其餘部 分由OFDM資料及控制區段使用。 ^ 可藉由各種方法來實施本文所描述之資料傳輸技術。舉 例而言，此等技術可以硬體、韌體、軟體或其組合來實 施。對於硬體實施例，用於傳輸器處之資料傳輸及接收器 處之資料接收之處理單元可被實施於一或多個特殊應用積 體電路（ASIC)、數位信號處理器（DSP)、數位信號處理設 備（DSPD)、可程式化邏輯設備（PLD)、場可程式化閘陣列 124266.doc -26- 200818749 (FPGA)、處理器、控制器、微控制器、微處理器、電子設 備、經設計以執行本文所描述之功能的其他電子單元或其 組合内。 對於韌體及/或軟體實施例，可藉由執行本文所描述之 功能之模組（例如，程序、函數，等等）來實施該等技術。 韋刃體及/或軟體程式碼可儲存於記憶體中且可由處理器來 執行。記憶體可被實施於處理器内部或處理器外部。 提供所揭示之實施例的先前描述以使任何熟習此項技術 者能夠製作或使用本揭示案。熟習此項技術者將易於明白 對此等實施例之各種修改，且可在不脫離本揭示案之精神 或範’的情況下將本文中所界定之通用原理應用於其他實 施例。因此，本揭示案並不意欲限於本文所示之實施例， 而是符合與本文所揭示之原理及新穎特徵一致的最廣泛範 疇。 上文已描述之内容包括各種實施例之實例。當然，不可 能描述用於描述該等實施例之目的之組件或方法之每一可 能的組合，但一般熟習此項技術者可認識到，許多其他組 合及排列係可能的。因此，詳細描述意欲包含屬於附加申 請專利範圍之精神及範疇内的所有此等改變、修改及變 型。 詳言之，且關於由上文所描述之組件、設備、電路、系 統及其類似者所執行之各種功能，用於描述該等組件之術 語（包括對”構件”之參考）意欲對應於（除非另有指示）執行 所描述之組件之指定功能的任何組件（例如，功能等效 124266.doc •27- 200818749 物）’即使結構上不等效於所揭示之結構，其亦執行本文 所說明之實施例之例示性態樣的功能。在此點上，亦將嘴 識到，實施例包括系統以及具有用於執行各種方法之動作 及/或事件之電腦可執行指令的電腦可讀媒體。 此外，雖然一特定特徵可能僅關於若干實施例中之一者 ' 而得以揭示，但此特徵可與其他實施例之一或多個特徵組 * 合，此可能對於任一給定或特定應用為所要的且有利的。 此外’就術語"包括’’及其變體用於詳細描述或申請專利範 •圍之程度而言，此等術語意欲以與術語”包含”類似之方式 為包括在内的。 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1說明根據本文所陳述之各種態樣的無線多向近接通 信系統。 圖2展示多向近接多載波通信系統中之一 ΑΡ及兩個八丁之 一實施例的方塊圖。 _ 圖3展示根據一態樣之ΑΡ的示意圖。 圖4A說明根據一態樣之h_Arq交錯結構的再傳輸時刻 表。 ‘ 圖4B展示AP指定待用於AT之CDMA資料之交錯且指派 . 封包開始交錯的態樣。 圖4C展示用於傳輸CDMA訊務資料之PHY訊框之實例的 不意圖。 圖5為根據一態樣之用於自AT傳輸資料之一實施例的示 意圖。 124266.doc -28- 200818749 圖6展示可用以減輕對RRI通道之必要性之資料傳輸方法 的流程圖。 圖7為與向通信系統内之各種反向鏈路通道提供功率控 制迴路之另一態樣有關的流程圖。 圖8與用於基於ACk/NACK反饋來設定通信系統内之各 種導頻通道之功率的方法800有關。 圖9說明採用單位元反向鏈路活動位元（rAB)作為緊急載 入控制機制之方法。4C shows an embodiment of a PHY frame for transmitting CDMA traffic data as previously described. According to this aspect, each PHY frame consists of 8 OFDM symbols. ~ Figure 5 relates to an embodiment for transmitting data from an AT according to an aspect. In this embodiment, encoder 502 encodes the transmitted data or information bits for CDMA traffic in a manner similar to OFDMA traffic (e.g., by using a 1/5 turbo code). These encoded bits are interleaved by interleaver 504. According to one aspect, the interleaver can be a pruned bit-reversal channel interleaver. The scrambler 506 scrambles the interleaved bits based on the user MACID of the RL servo sector and the pilot pseudo-noise (PN) code. It should be noted that this scrambling of CDMA traffic data is different from the scrambling frequency of _ CDMA control data. Modulator 508 modulates the scrambled CDMA traffic data by employing, for example, quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) modulation. The resulting symbols are mapped to the input of a Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) precoder 510 for further preconditioning of the modulated data prior to transmission. The number of modulation symbols per CDMA transmission depends on the bandwidth of the CDMA sector (or the configured number of CDMA sub-sections) and the number of interlaced frames. For example, the 128 subcarrier CDMA segments on the three PHY frames correspond to 3072 modulation symbols. In addition, as in OFDMA traffic, repetition is used when the required number of modulation symbols corresponds to a code rate of less than 1/5. According to one aspect, the packet format on the CDMA traffic segment supports the Internet 124266.doc • 20- 200818749 Road Voice Protocol (VoIP) communication. In one aspect, VoIP support can be optimized by using two packet sizes (eg, 256 and 128), which can be used to correspond to full rate and quarter rate enhanced variable rates, respectively. CODEC (EVRC) frame. The packet size may include a Media Access Control (MAC) and a Cyclic Redundancy Code (CRC) add-on. In addition, other types of streams (other than VoIP) can be transmitted on this segment. The CDMA stream mapping is determined by the AT using a decentralized AT Center CDMA MAC or other mapping. Typically, the assignment indicates which streams are allowed only on the CDMA traffic segment, only on the OFDMA traffic segment, or both. However, the AT can determine this type of information based on the type of data (e.g., stream ID) or other methods. In one aspect, the packet format for CDMA data transmission can be indicated by scrambling of the RL Auxiliary Pilot Channel (R-AuxPich) carrying the auxiliary pilot to be used for data demodulation. This allows the AT to signal the change in the rate for RL CDMA transmission with a minimum additional term. Figure 6 shows a flow chart 600 illustrating the sadness that can be used to mitigate the need for RRI channels and the need for multiple hypothetical demodulation/decoding. At 602, it is determined whether the data to be transmitted is CDMA traffic data. If so, the process moves to step 604, otherwise it reaches the end block. At 604, the auxiliary pilot symbols are scrambled based on the packet format to be transmitted and the retransmission index (the number of retransmissions of the current transmission). The number of retransmissions may be the number of ARQ transmissions represented by the current packet. As previously stated, and as further described below in Figure 6B, the auxiliary pilots are transmitted in the frame in which the data is transmitted. Therefore, at 606, the scrambled symbols are included in the frame carrying the data. Therefore, the pilot and data symbols in each frame experience the same transmission and are transmitted at 608. After receiving these data frames, Ap can correlate the scrambling with different hypotheses to determine the packet format and transmission index before the data is demodulated. In addition, for later transmissions on the CDMA channel, the AP can be combined with R-AuxPich (pilot) from the previous transmission to identify one or more of the packet format or the transmission index. According to some aspects, the data rate control (DRC) channel carrying information about the data transmission rate to be received in the forward direction is carried. Conversely, a reverse rate indicator (RRI) channel carrying information about the traffic channel to be transmitted in the reverse direction is also transmitted to support idle data communication in the forward and reverse directions within the CDMA system. The base station and the mobile station thus exchange control information to thereby smoothly perform data communication. However, the scrambling of the R-AuxPich (pilot) based on the packet format and the retransmission index removes the need for potentially expensive RRI channels and the need for multiple hypothesis demodulation/decoding at the AP. Figure 7 is a flow diagram relating to another aspect of providing a power control loop to various reverse link channels within a communication system. The R-PICH is a channel surrounded by CdmA codes that are all zeros and previously transmitted as an access preamble of the mobile station that uploads the initial access message in the reverse common control channel (r_Ccch). The power control loop for the reverse link pilot channel (R_PICH) and control channel is the same as for the absence of CDMA data. The forward link power control channel (F_pcCH) is transmitted even when CDMA data is present. Thus, the F-PCCH is transmitted under different conditions, e.g., in the presence or absence of CDMA data, even if it constitutes a minor addition because it ensures a tight reception SNR set point for the pilot. Within the pass k system, various metrics are used as performance rate indicators. Receive 124266.doc •22· 200818749 The SNR or signal-to-noise ratio of the signal is one such measure. This can be used when determining the transmission power level of the AT. Therefore, at 710, a performance indicator is measured. At 720, the measured performance indicator is compared to a predetermined SNR set point to determine communication quality. If the measured performance indicator is less than the set point, then at 730 it can be inferred that the associated AT is transmitting the signal at a power level above the best desired power level. Therefore, the AP transmits the F-PCCH at 740 to help reduce the transmission power of the AT. This is accomplished by specifying the MAC ID of the AT associated with the received signal within the F-PCCH transmission. Conversely, if it is determined at 720 that the measured performance indicator is greater than the set point, then at 750 it can be inferred that the associated AT is transmitting at a power level that is lower than the optimal required power level. Thus, at 760, the AP increases the transmission power level of the AT via F-PCCH transmission including the MAC ID of the AT. At 710, the system continues to monitor the transmission power level of the AT. Therefore, the F-PCCH carries the up and down command to control the level at which the R-PICH is transmitted & this loop provides for maintaining the received SNR setpoint for the pilot. Even when CDMA data is present, these power control signals are transmitted, thereby ensuring that the power control loops of the R-PICH and control channels remain unaffected by the power control of the CDMA data. The R-PICH and control channel power control bits constitute a minor signal transmission add-on, however, it helps to maintain the SNR of these channels, if the SNR is power controlled based on the ACK/NACK of the CDMA data, then It will additionally fluctuate unnecessarily. The SNR set point can also be used as a reference for setting control channels and data power. Regarding R-PICH, ACK/NACK based power control is used to control the level at which CDMA' data is transmitted. Figure 8 relates to a method 800 for setting the power of each of the pilot channels in the communication system based on ACK/NACK feedback. The transmission power used is initially based on the power of the most recent successful access probe and is then dynamically adjusted based on the feedback force received on the F-PCCH. As discussed, the R-AuxPICH is transmitted when CDMA data is present and may be omitted by the AT for OFDM data transmission. The R-AuxPICH can be used as a channel estimation pilot for CDMA transmission at the AP. The reverse link wideband pilot channel (R-PICH) provides a power control reference over the entire bandwidth. In one aspect, the power of CDMA traffic and R-AuxPICH is fixed based on the packet format. For example, the ratio of each packet is set during configuration of the communication session. The ratio of R-AuxPICH to R-PICH can vary based on ACK/NACK feedback. The ACK is typically sent in response to the received transmission to indicate that the transmission was received correctly. The NACK in response to the transmission indicates that the transmission was not received correctly. In response to the ACK, the transmitter transmits the next data and responds to the NACK, however, the transmitter retransmits the transmission that was not received correctly. Turning now to Figure 8, at 802, a QoS flow carried in a packet is determined. The QoS of the packet can be visualized, for example, by the type of data carried in the packet. The termination target for adjusting the power ratio of R-AuxPICH to R-PICH is then determined at 804. The up and down step sizes are determined at 806. The termination target and the upstream and downstream steps are determined for each packet based on the QoS of the traffic carried in the packet. At 808, feedback from the transmission of the packet is received. At 810, the feedback is terminated by comparing the termination criteria to determine if the packet has exceeded the target. If so, the ratio R-AuxPICH/R-PICH is increased by the upstream step size at 812, thereby increasing the transmission power of the R-AuxPICH and thereby increasing the transmission power of the data. If the decision at 810 is negative, then the 124266.doc -24 - 200818749 break packet has been terminated at or before its termination target. Therefore, at 814, the R-AuxPICH/R-PICH ratio is reduced by the down step size. Figure 9 is a flow diagram relating to another aspect associated with loading of a CDMA section. This is typically controlled via admission control of the segment and/or AP, which may also advantageously support QoS traffic (e.g., VoIP). Figure 9 illustrates a method 900 for employing a unitary reverse link activity bit (RAB) as an emergency load control mechanism. The RAB bit indicates whether the loading at a particular sector (indicated by a hot delta (RoT) or some other measurement) exceeds a predetermined threshold. This can be used to determine which streams are allowed to transmit data on the CDMA traffic segment in each PHY frame. Therefore, the meaning of the RAB is initially set during the packet configuration. Therefore, at 902, it is initially determined whether the configured packet is associated with a QoS flow (e.g., VoIP). If so, it is configured at 904 to ignore the broadcasted RAB bit and instead rely on admission control. If the configuration at 902 is not associated with the QoS flow, then the method proceeds to step 906 where the RAB bit is obtained for each sector in the active set of associated ATs. At 908, the received RAB bit is compared to a threshold to identify if any of the set bits exceeds the threshold. If none of the bits exceeds the threshold, then the process proceeds to 910 where the CDMA segment is loaded. However, if any RAB bit exceeds the threshold, then at 912, the non-QoS message is told to stop using the CDMA segment. To further utilize the RAB, the terminal listens to the RAB from each sector in its active set that is subject to the RL quality (with respect to the RL servo sector), if any received RAB bits above the threshold are set Then, the terminal behaves as if it were set by RLSS. RAB is the key control channel. In one aspect, the RAB in the on state uses only the F-PQICH (the pilot quality channel transmitted from the 124266.doc •25·200818749 AP to the AT, which indicates the quality of the RL pilot from the AT). One of the 16 codeword groups. The acknowledgment bit can be used to simplify AT RL processing using the same modulation as used for modulation of OFDMA data. In one aspect, each user admitted to the CDMA sector is assigned an ACKID corresponding to each interlace at the beginning of the allowed packet. Based on the decoding schedule specified in the framework, this ACKID can be applied to the frame in which the ACK will be transmitted for this interlace. As discussed above, in one aspect, up to two packets are assigned to begin interleaving, for example, during the initial configuration of the communication session, and thus up to two ACKIDs per user. In one aspect, CDMA ACKID 0 corresponds to a first ACK channel that is not assigned to an OFDMA traffic. In another aspect, where the number of ACKs assigned to the OFDMA traffic depends on the bandwidth available for the ACK traffic, the ACK assigned to the CDMA data is based on the bandwidth allocated to the CDMA sector. And automatically reduce. As used herein, a segment or subsection may be a predetermined time frequency or frequency configuration that may be continuous or discontinuous in time and/or frequency. Typically, a segment or subsection is a subset of the available configuration, with the remainder of the configuration being used by the OFDM data and control segments. ^ The data transfer techniques described herein can be implemented in a variety of ways. For example, such techniques can be implemented in hardware, firmware, software, or a combination thereof. For hardware embodiments, the processing unit for data transmission at the transmitter and data reception at the receiver can be implemented in one or more special application integrated circuits (ASICs), digital signal processors (DSPs), digital bits. Signal Processing Equipment (DSPD), Programmable Logic Device (PLD), Field Programmable Gate Array 124266.doc -26- 200818749 (FPGA), Processor, Controller, Microcontroller, Microprocessor, Electronics, Other electronic units or combinations thereof that are designed to perform the functions described herein. For firmware and/or software embodiments, the techniques may be implemented by modules (e.g., programs, functions, etc.) that perform the functions described herein. The blade and/or software code can be stored in memory and executed by the processor. The memory can be implemented inside the processor or external to the processor. The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the disclosure. Various modifications to the embodiments are readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the disclosure. Therefore, the present disclosure is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather the broadest scope of the principles and novel features disclosed herein. What has been described above includes examples of various embodiments. Of course, it is not possible to describe every possible combination of components or methods for the purpose of describing the embodiments, but those skilled in the art will recognize that many other combinations and permutations are possible. All such changes, modifications, and variations are intended to be included within the spirit and scope of the appended claims. In particular, and with respect to the various functions performed by the components, devices, circuits, systems, and the like described above, the terms used to describe the components (including references to "components") are intended to correspond to ( Unless otherwise indicated, any component that performs the specified function of the described components (eg, functional equivalent 124266.doc • 27-200818749) is configured to perform the purposes described herein even if it is not structurally equivalent to the disclosed structure. Exemplary aspects of the functions of the embodiments. In this regard, it will also be appreciated that embodiments include a system and a computer readable medium having computer executable instructions for performing the acts and/or events of the various methods. In addition, although a particular feature may be disclosed only with respect to one of several embodiments, this feature may be combined with one or more feature sets of other embodiments, which may be for any given or particular application. What is desirable and beneficial. Further, to the extent that the term "including' and its variants are used in the detailed description or the scope of the patent application, these terms are intended to be included in a manner similar to the term "comprising". BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 illustrates a wireless multi-directional proximity communication system in accordance with various aspects set forth herein. 2 shows a block diagram of one embodiment of a multi-directional proximity multi-carrier communication system and one of eight octets. _ Figure 3 shows a schematic diagram of a 根据 according to an aspect. Figure 4A illustrates a retransmission schedule of an h_Arq interleaved structure according to an aspect. ‘FIG. 4B shows an aspect in which the AP specifies interleaving and assignment of CDMA data to be used for the AT. The packets begin to be interleaved. Figure 4C shows a schematic of an example of a PHY frame for transmitting CDMA traffic data. Figure 5 is a schematic illustration of one embodiment of transmitting data from an AT in accordance with an aspect. 124266.doc -28- 200818749 Figure 6 shows a flow chart of a data transmission method that can be used to mitigate the need for an RRI channel. Figure 7 is a flow diagram relating to another aspect of providing a power control loop to various reverse link channels within a communication system. Figure 8 relates to a method 800 for setting the power of various pilot channels within a communication system based on ACk/NACK feedback. Figure 9 illustrates the use of a unit reverse link activity bit (rAB) as an emergency loading control mechanism.
【主要元件符號說明】 100 無線通信系統 102a 地理區域 102b 地理區域 102c 地理區域 104a 較小區域 104b 車父小區域 104c 較小區域 110 存取點CAP) 110X 存取點（AP) 120 終端機 120x 存取終端機（AT) 120y 存取終端機（AT) 130 系統控制器 200 方塊圖 205 基頻組件 124266.doc -29- 200818749 210 · 數位IF處理單元 215 數位類比（D/A)轉換器 220 傳輸器 225 類比數位（A/D)轉換器 230 接收器 23 5a 天線 235t 天線 250 主單元[Main component symbol description] 100 Wireless communication system 102a Geographical area 102b Geographical area 102c Geographical area 104a Smaller area 104b Small parent area 104c Small area 110 Access point CAP) 110X Access point (AP) 120 Terminal 120x Terminal (AT) 120y Access Terminal (AT) 130 System Controller 200 Block Diagram 205 Baseband Component 124266.doc -29- 200818749 210 · Digital IF Processing Unit 215 Digital Analog (D/A) Converter 220 Transmission 225 analog-to-digital (A/D) converter 230 receiver 23 5a antenna 235t antenna 250 main unit
275 無線電單元 280 中央處理器 282a 功率放大器 282t 功率放大器 284 多工器 300 存取點 5 02 編碼器 504 交錯器 506 擾頻器 508 調變器 510 離散傅立葉變換（DFT)預編碼器 512 資料源 514 傳輸（TX)資料處理器 516 傳輸器單元（TMTR) 518 天線 520 控制器 124266.doc -30- 200818749 522 記憶體 530 排程器 532 接收器單元 534 RX資料處理器 536 資料儲集器 552 天線 554 接收器單元（RCVR) 556 接收（RX)資料處理器275 Radio Unit 280 Central Processing Unit 282a Power Amplifier 282t Power Amplifier 284 Multiplexer 300 Access Point 5 02 Encoder 504 Interleaver 506 Scrambler 508 Modulator 510 Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) Precoder 512 Data Source 514 Transmission (TX) Data Processor 516 Transmitter Unit (TMTR) 518 Antenna 520 Controller 124266.doc -30- 200818749 522 Memory 530 Scheduler 532 Receiver Unit 534 RX Data Processor 536 Data Reservoir 552 Antenna 554 Receiver Unit (RCVR) 556 Receive (RX) Data Processor
558 資料儲集器 560 控制器 562 記憶體 572 資料源 574 TX資料處理器 576 傳輸器單元558 Data Reservoir 560 Controller 562 Memory 572 Source 574 TX Data Processor 576 Transmitter Unit
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