200817503 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係於油性潤滑劑中添加奈米顆粒之親水性固體潤滑劑所 形成的穩定懸浮液，此奈米固體潤滑劑顆粒的添加能有效的 油性潤滑劑之潤滑性。 【先前技術】 一切活動性機械皆需要有適當的潤滑，以避免過度磨耗而造成機 件抽壞以致鋪停頓。料輯_使用可提供活祕機械面間 有較優異的潤滑性，避免兩活動性機械面直接磨擦而可降低機件 的磨耗，同時也提供散熱作用以避免活動性機械面間的過高溫度 化成之損吾而能延長機器的使用壽命，所以適當的潤滑可降低活 動性機械的運作成本並提升其運作的安全性。 -般潤滑·要有液體狀與@體狀兩種，液制又分為水溶 f /、/由办〖生兩種，一般而言水溶性潤滑劑有較優的冷卻性而油溶 關滑咖有較優_雜，亦即油溶性潤滑雛使活動機件承 受較大的負荷與運作速率。隨著時代的進步使得活動性機械的運 轉迷率與貞*不斷的加快與加大，除了防侧等—般添加劑外， 為了減低n速與㊅貞荷的磨擦磨損，油溶性耐财需要於基礎 ^t^^M^^#J(extreme pressure additive)it 膜破壞㈣擦金屬面會赴接㈣㈣)及咬痕㈣㈣等嚴重 的不良後果。在油_概种除了添加含梳、硫與磷的相溶 有機化口物之極壓添加劑外也常添加不溶性的固體潤滑劑(_ 5 200817503 lubricants)以提升其耐極壓性與耐磨耗性。可以減少磨擦與磨損的 任何固體物_可稱朗體潤滑齊，卜—般於油溶性潤滑劑中添加 的固體潤滑劑主要有石墨、二硫化鉬與聚四氟乙烯 (polytetrqfuloroethylene)等共價(covalent)物質，這些共價性的固體 潤滑劑雖然與油雜輯财味好_容性，但是因為大部份 固體潤滑劑的比重較大於油溶性潤滑劑本身所以仍有分散性 (dispersion)不良的現象發生，這種固體潤滑劑不能穩定的懸浮於油 溶性潤滑_，不但是固體潤賴職下㈣失去其增加潤滑功 月匕甚至造成潤滑油循環系統的阻塞，所以這些固體潤滑劑較常使 用於半固翻滑麵的潤滑脂(grease)中以避免分散性不良的沉殿 現象發生。至於非共價性的固體潤滑劑與軟性金屬潤滑劑因為較 具親水性，與油溶性潤滑劑的相容性較不好所以更容易沉澱，無 法穩定的分散於油溶性潤滑劑中而缺實用性。 以金屬的伸線(wire drawing)與伸管(tube drawing)潤滑油之例子 而吕，如果是銅或其合金的伸線或伸管潤滑油則因銅材質較軟而 耑水;谷丨生潤’月劑，如果是銘或其合金的較粗之伸線製程則因需 用油洛性潤滑劑，如果是線寬較粗的鋼鐵或不銹鋼的伸線與伸管 製程則依其負荷的增加騎由油溶性爾獅使肢成固體潤滑 劑(dry powdered lubricants)的使用。特殊結構的高分子顆粒含 詞專的知細邊合物([卿aeid eGmpGUnds)、三硫化姻與石墨皆為 U的固體潤滑劑，其他如硫石黃也是固體潤滑劑，因為在高負荷 6 200817503 模(d 缺辦與縣岐軸舰鄭x避免伸拉 胃^ 發峨料咖。嫩魏可_體 二’月夕’以1981年12月發表的美國專利咖4,现脱號所 揭不的就有滑石、雲母、硫_、氧化約, 於^機件表面附著軟性金屬膜也能防止硬質間的直接磨擦 而能有減低機件磨損的功效，例如树_線伸拉前被覆以薄銅 層=用此具,閏滑性的軟質銅薄膜減低鋼線與伸拉模的磨損而達 成U肖f生的目的。&溶性潤滑劑廣用於—般潤縣統的使 用’固體潤滑劑的使用財粉塵污關題，將@體爾劑添加於 油洛性濁滑劑中就有提升潤滑性與降低粉塵的優點，所以將石墨 分散於油溶性潤滑劑成為極壓添加劑為已知的經驗但是大部分 其他的固體潤滑劑並非共價化合物，亦即較具親水性 (hydrophilie)，無法與油難爾_容縣存贿升細滑性， 所以有需要發展含有較具親水性固體潤滑劑的油溶性潤滑劑，擴 大可使用制翻滑劑之麵，使較具親水性賴咖滑劑能穩 疋的分散嫌狀的油雜獅射而有效的提升其潤滑性。 由於具有特殊的奈米材料雜，例如小顆粒效應(s_如e細） 與表面效應(surface effect)等’奈米結構材料(nan〇structured material)於近代工業的用途急速擴增，利用此小顆粒與大表面的基 本奈米材料效應餘容易的使比重大賴體顺舰敎的分散 200817503 於液狀油溶性潤滑針。.比重3·99的三氧化二财應沉殿 ;X中仁疋使奈米級的二氧化二銘粉末具適當界面電位就能穩 定的懸浮於水中，例如F. Tang等先生在2〇〇2年第37冊的Materiais ResearchBulletin雜諸第653頁所發表的論文中就利用此穩定的懸 浮液進行一氧化一銘電泳電鐘(electr〇ph〇retic ^印仍出⑽），而將三 氧化二銘粉末均勻的電鐘於陰極上’顯示比重大賴體顆粒可以 穩定且均句的祕於液體巾。本發0脚糊此類似原理使比重大 的非共價性m體潤賴與軟金屬固制以奈米雛狀的穩定 懸浮於液體油溶性潤滑劑中而提升其潤滑性。 【發明内容】 油各性潤滑劑-般以天然的礦物油(mineral 〇峨動植物油脂以 及合成的油脂之單-成分或多成分混合為主要的基礎油，再依功 能需要而添加防_、抗氧化劑、清潔劑、消泡劑、黏度調整劑、 界面活性劑與極壓添加劑等。極觀加劑中除了含有氯、硫或磷 的有機化合物之相雜極加斜也林雜之_極愿添加 劑’例如石墨、二硫化軸聚四氟乙烯共價化合物即為常用的固 體極壓添加劑，其他非共價化合物之_添加劑與軟金屬固體濁 滑劑的使職沒有，因為親水錄強_共價化合物之固體添加 劑與軟金屬固體濁滑劑不易在油性溶液中形成穩定的懸浮液而無 法使用於一般循環潤滑油系統中。 液狀油溶性顺射添加_添加綱首要條件是固體添加劑能 8 200817503 穩疋的分散魏體巾形成穩定賴浮液，酬固體添加劑沉殿於 液體中不但喪失其應有賴滑功能甚至會堵塞顺油循環管路造 成額外的損害，但是-般固體潤滑_比重較大，尤其是非共價 化合物的表缝較高而更不容易被分散於液狀油溶性斷劑中形 成穩定的懸浮液。例如三氧化二嫌了比重較大外又具有很高的 表面能(surface energy)而有58〇達因/公分(dyne/cm)的表面張力， 但是-般礦物油表面張力只有2〇至3G達@/公分，油脂類也只有 在40達因/公分朗，所以三氧化二料祕定的分散於油溶性 潤心’丨中形成穩定賴浮液。銅的比重與表面能皆更高而其表面 張力高至約有15GG達因/公分，_也不雜定的分散於油溶性 /間滑劑中形成穩定雜浮液^為克服此些問題，本發明乃利用奈 米材料的杈大之比表面積(speciflc smface area)特性採用奈米級的 口體獨’讀丨以獲取與液體有較大的接觸面積，再配合添力u界面活 性劑為結合劑(coupling agent)去降低親水性奈米材料的表面能而 使其备易與液體油分子結合以達成穩定懸浮於液狀油中的基本要 求，所以本發明能使非共價性與軟金屬固體潤滑劑諸親水性固體 潤π d穩疋的懸浮於油溶性潤滑劑中而提升一般油溶性潤滑劑的 潤滑性。 【實施方式】 本發明採用的油溶性潤滑劑之主要基礎油成分為天然的礦物油 與動植物油脂以及合成的油脂之單一成分或多成分之混合體，實 9 200817503 彳中的代表性天然礦物油為中國石油公司出品之國光牌高級循 衣機油M32 ’ M32的比重與黏度均較低而分別為0.87〇8與 l.l9cSt(攝氏4〇度）’所以能在觀油中配製的固體潤滑劑懸浮 液田然就a在比重與黏度較高的其他礦物油中製得穩定懸浮液， 天然的賴、树較均—的品質所以本發明也獅試藥級的橄欖油 作為油溶性潤滑射之天然動植物油脂之代表，合成的油酸甲醋 (Methyl 〇leate地是很好的基礎油成分而為本發明實施例採用合成 油月曰之代表。傳統上高強度的鋼鐵線於伸拉前常被覆有銅金屬層 以提升伸拉時的潤滑性，油溶性潤滑劑中的奈米級銅金屬粉末當 然也此提供潤滑所需的銅金屬薄膜，所以本發明採用奈米級銅金 屬籾末做為親水性固體潤滑劑之代表，另外如1981年月發表 的美國專利USP4,308，182號所揭示的三氧化二鋁固體潤滑劑，也 做為本發明的非共價化合物之固體潤滑劑的代表。三氧化二鋁固 體潤滑劑為13奈米之粉末，銅金屬粉末則為25奈米之粉末。使 用的代表性界面活性劑有花楸醣椰子酸醋(sorbitan laurate，代號 Span_20)、花楸醣油酸醋(sorbitan oleate，代號Span-80)與花楸醣三 油酸醋(sorbitan trioleate，代號Span-85)、辛烷酚二氧己烷醚(nonyi Phenol hexaoxyethylene ether，代號 NPHE)以及美國 Rohm & Haas 公司出品的非離子型界面活性劑Tritonχ_15。為除了靜置觀察懸 浮液中之固體潤滑劑是否分離沉澱的穩定性判定外也利用每分 3000轉離心法以判定懸浮液的穩定性，耐磨損的潤滑性試驗則採 200817503 用四球減驗法(f〇ur_baii test)，在396牛頓（N)負荷下以1500rpm轉 ^進行30刀鐘的磨損试驗後以顯微鏡檢視試驗球的磨損直徑，磨 損直徑愈小則潤滑性較好;另外也利用實際的金屬伸線機測試各式 油/谷性潤滑劑的潤滑效果，伸線後的金屬線之平滑度作為潤滑性 好壞的判斷，伸_的金屬祕面愈平賴麟陳佳;潤滑油在 機件上的含油制啸淨不細#浸棚滑油後滴乾即分鐘後測 定之’奈米固體潤滑劑的存在會使磨擦機件有較多的含油量，當 然也能有助於潤滑性的提升。200817503 IX. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field] The present invention is a stable suspension formed by adding a hydrophilic solid lubricant of nano particles to an oily lubricant, and the addition of the nanosolid lubricant particles is effective for oiliness Lubricity of the lubricant. [Prior Art] All active machinery needs to be properly lubricated to avoid excessive wear and damage to the machine. Material series _ use can provide excellent lubricity between the mechanical surface, avoid the direct friction of the two movable mechanical surfaces to reduce the wear of the machine, and also provide heat dissipation to avoid excessive temperature between the movable mechanical surfaces The damage can be extended to extend the life of the machine, so proper lubrication can reduce the operating cost of the moving machine and improve the safety of its operation. - Lubrication · There must be two kinds of liquid and @ body shape, the liquid system is divided into water soluble f /, / by the work of two kinds of raw, in general, water-soluble lubricants have better cooling and oil-soluble shut The coffee has a better _ miscellaneous, that is, the oil-soluble lubricating chicks allow the moving parts to withstand large loads and operating speeds. With the progress of the times, the operating rate and the 运转* of the active machinery are constantly accelerating and increasing. In addition to the anti-side additives, in order to reduce the friction and wear of the n-speed and the hexa-charge, the oil-soluble and wealth-resistant needs to be Basic ^t^^M^^#J(extreme pressure additive)it Membrane damage (4) Rubbing metal surface will go to (4) (4)) and bite marks (4) (4) and other serious adverse consequences. In addition to the extreme pressure additive containing a combo-organic organic compound containing comb, sulfur and phosphorus, an insoluble solid lubricant (_ 5 200817,072 lubricants) is often added to enhance its extreme pressure resistance and wear resistance. Sex. Any solid matter that can reduce friction and wear _ can be called language lubrication, and the solid lubricant added to the oil-soluble lubricant is mainly composed of graphite, molybdenum disulfide and polytetrqfuloroethylene. Covalent) substances, these covalent solid lubricants, although good in compatibility with oils, are dispersible because most of the solid lubricants have a larger specific gravity than the oil-soluble lubricants themselves. The phenomenon occurs, this solid lubricant can not be stably suspended in oil-soluble lubrication _, not only the solid run-off (4) loses its increased lubrication workmanship or even the blockage of the lubricating oil circulation system, so these solid lubricants are more common It is used in the grease of the semi-solid sliding surface to avoid the occurrence of poor dispersion. As for non-covalent solid lubricants and soft metal lubricants, because they are more hydrophilic and have poor compatibility with oil-soluble lubricants, they are more likely to precipitate and cannot be stably dispersed in oil-soluble lubricants. Sex. In the case of metal wire drawing and tube drawing lubricating oil, if it is copper or its alloy, the wire or the pipe lubricant is soft and watery because of the copper material; The monthly agent, if it is the thicker wire drawing process of Ming or its alloy, it needs to use oil lubricant. If it is thick steel or stainless steel, the wire and extension process will increase according to its load. The use of oil-soluble lions to make solid powdered lubricants. The special structure of the polymer particles contains the word-specific fine-edge compound ([qing aid eGmpGUnds), trisulfide and graphite are solid lubricants of U, others such as sulphur yellow is also a solid lubricant because at high load 6 200817503 Mould (d is missing from the county and the axis of the ship Zheng x avoid stretching the stomach ^ hair 峨 咖 。 嫩 嫩 嫩 嫩 嫩 嫩 嫩 体 体 体 体 体 以 以 以 以 以 以 1981 1981 1981 1981 1981 1981 1981 1981 1981 1981 1981 1981 1981 1981 1981 1981 1981 1981 1981 1981 There is no talc, mica, sulfur _, oxidation about, the soft metal film attached to the surface of the machine can also prevent the direct friction between the hard and can reduce the wear of the machine, such as the tree _ line stretched before the cover Thin copper layer=With this tool, the smooth and soft copper film reduces the wear of the steel wire and the stretch die to achieve the purpose of U-Shasheng. &Solvent lubricant is widely used in the use of 'Solid County' The use of lubricants for dust and dust, the addition of @体尔剂 to oily muddy slip agents has the advantage of improving lubricity and reducing dust, so dispersing graphite in oil-soluble lubricants becomes an extreme pressure additive. Knowing experience, but most other solid lubricants are not covalent compounds, That is to say, it is more hydrophilic, and it can't be brittle with the oily _ _ Rong County. Therefore, it is necessary to develop an oil-soluble lubricant containing a relatively hydrophilic solid lubricant, and to expand the use of a lubricant. The surface of the oily lion is more effective in enhancing the lubricity of the oily lion, which is more stable than the hydrophilic scented slippery agent. Due to the special nano material miscellaneous, such as small particle effect (s_such as e fine With the surface effect (surface effect), etc., the use of nanostructured materials in the modern industry is rapidly expanding, and the use of this small particle and the large surface of the basic nanomaterial effect is easy to make the ratio分散Dispersion 200817503 in liquid oil-soluble lubricating needles. 3. The specific gravity of 3.99 of the three oxidation of the two should be Shen Dian; X Zhongren 疋 so that the nano-sized bismuth dioxide powder with a suitable interface potential can be stably suspended in In the water, for example, Mr. F. Tang et al. used the stable suspension for the oxidation of the electrophoresis clock (electr〇ph〇) in a paper published on page 653 of Materiais Research Bulletin, Volume 37, 2nd, 2nd year. Retic imprint still out (10)) The electric clock with the uniformity of the oxidized bismuth oxide powder on the cathode shows that the granules can be stable and the secret of the granules is stable. The same principle is used to make the non-covalent m body. The moisturizing and soft metal solidification is stabilized by suspending suspended in a liquid oil-soluble lubricant to enhance the lubricity of the liquid. [Explanation] Oil various lubricants - natural mineral oil (mineral 〇峨 animal oil) As well as the single-component or multi-component blend of synthetic oils and fats as the main base oil, anti-, anti-oxidants, detergents, defoamers, viscosity modifiers, surfactants and extreme pressure additives are added according to functional requirements. In addition to the organic compounds containing chlorine, sulfur or phosphorus in the polar addition agent, the phase is extremely mixed with the ambiguous additives. For example, graphite, the disulfide-axis polytetrafluoroethylene covalent compound is the commonly used solid extreme pressure. Additives, other non-covalent compounds _ additives and soft metal solids slip agent do not work, because the hydrophilic recording _ covalent compound solid additive and soft metal solid slip agent is not easy to form a stable suspension in oily solution It cannot be used in general circulating oil systems. Liquid oil-soluble regenerative addition _ Addition of the first condition is that the solid additive can be 2008 7503 stable dispersion of the body towel to form a stable lysate, the solid additive stagnation in the liquid not only loses its due to slip function or even block The oil circulation line causes additional damage, but the general solid lubrication _ has a large specific gravity, especially the non-covalent compound has a high surface seam and is less likely to be dispersed in the liquid oil-soluble breaking agent to form a stable suspension. For example, the third oxidizing agent has a high specific surface energy and a surface tension of 58 dynes/dyne (cm), but the surface tension of the mineral oil is only 2 〇 to 3G. Up to @/cm, the oils and fats are only at 40 dynes/cm, so the third oxidized material is dispersed in the oil-soluble spleen's sputum to form a stable sputum float. The specific gravity and surface energy of copper are higher and the surface tension is as high as about 15 GG dynes/cm, and _ is also not dispersed in the oil-soluble/interslip agent to form a stable mist. To overcome these problems, The invention utilizes the characteristic surface area (speciflc smface area) characteristic of the nano material to adopt a nanometer-sized oral body to read the 丨 to obtain a larger contact area with the liquid, and then cooperate with the addition of the surfactant u. The coupling agent reduces the surface energy of the hydrophilic nanomaterial and makes it easy to combine with the liquid oil molecules to achieve the basic requirement of stable suspension in the liquid oil, so the invention can make non-covalent and soft The solid solid lubricant of the metal solid lubricant is suspended in the oil-soluble lubricant to improve the lubricity of the general oil-soluble lubricant. [Embodiment] The main base oil component of the oil-soluble lubricant used in the present invention is a mixture of natural mineral oil, animal and vegetable fats and oils, and a single component or a plurality of components of synthetic oils and fats, and representative natural mineral oils of 2008 9 200817503 彳M32 ' M32, which is produced by China National Petroleum Corporation, has a low specific gravity and viscosity, and is 0.87〇8 and l.l9cSt (4°C), so it can be formulated in the oil. Suspension Tianran is a stable suspension in other mineral oils with higher specific gravity and viscosity. The quality of the natural Lai and the trees is more uniform. Therefore, the olive oil of the present invention is also used as an oil-soluble lubricating shot. Representative of natural animal and vegetable oils and fats, synthetic oleic acid methyl vinegar (Methyl 〇leate is a good base oil component and is representative of synthetic oil sorghum for the embodiment of the present invention. Traditionally, high-strength steel wire is often used before stretching. The copper metal layer is coated to improve the lubricity during stretching, and the nano-copper metal powder in the oil-soluble lubricant naturally provides the copper metal film required for lubrication, so the present invention adopts The bismuth copper metal ruthenium is represented by a hydrophilic solid lubricant, and the aluminum oxide solid lubricant disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 4,308,182, issued to 1981, is also incorporated herein by reference. Representative of the solid lubricant of the valence compound. The solid lubricant of aluminum oxide is 13 nm powder, and the copper metal powder is powder of 25 nm. The representative surfactant used is sucrose coconut vinegar (sorbitan). Laurate, coded Span_20), sorbitan oleate (Span-80) and sorbitan trioleate (Span-85), octane phenol dioxyl ether (nonyi Phenol) Hexaoxyethylene ether, code NPHE) and Triton® -15, a nonionic surfactant from Rohm & Haas, USA. It is used to centrifuge for 3000 rpm in addition to the stability of the solid lubricant in the suspension. The method is used to determine the stability of the suspension, and the abrasion resistance test is carried out by using the four-ball test (f〇ur_baii test) under the load of 396 Newtons (N) at 1500 rpm for 30 knives. After the abrasion test, the wear diameter of the test ball is examined by a microscope. The smaller the wear diameter, the better the lubricity. In addition, the actual metal wire drawing machine is used to test the lubrication effect of various oil/grain lubricants, and the metal after the wire is stretched. The smoothness of the line is judged as the lubricity. The metal surface of the extension _ is more flat than the Lin Chen; the lubricating oil on the machine is not fine. The presence of the 'nano solid lubricant will make the friction parts have more oil content, which of course can also contribute to the improvement of lubricity.
V 、]添加〇· 7公克二氧化二紹親水性固體潤滑劑及3公克 、20界面活性劑於25〇毫升M32礦物油與毫升撖搜油所混成之 月基礎种，混合均勻後即得含奈米懸浮粒之潤滑油，將此含 =¾讀之顯油以每分鐘3_轉速進行離心、W分鐘並無法 重較大的三氧化二歸末，離心後將此含奈米懸浮粒之 ^ 6G天後也未能麟出三氧化二絲末的沉 :此懸:浮液非常穩定可適用於一般潤咖^ 潤4進行四球耐磨損試驗後觀测得磨損直徑為q. 83毫米，其 鏽鋼片上的含油量測得每平方公分含G· 77毫克。/、’、 [比較例—]以250毫升M32礦物油與5〇毫升 潤滑某虛、、i w 佩说’由此合所成之 /進行四球耐磨賴驗麵翁雜餘 11 200817503 較大於實例—的磨損直徑而顯示有較大的磨損現象，另在不鏽鋼 片^的含油量則測縣平方公分含〇· 65毫克也較低於實例一的含 油量’顯*缺乏三氧化二翻體爾劑的騎油在機件上有較少 的含油量而有較低的潤滑性。 [實例二]如同實例—_滑基礎油組成，秘此獅毫升潤滑 基礎油中添加的親水性三氧化二__滑劑及㈣界面活性劑 ^別增至丨.4公克與6公克，混合物4獲得含奈雜浮粒之潤 ’月油’將此含奈米懸浮粒之潤滑油以每分鐘纖轉速進行離心忉 分鐘並無法分離出比錄大的三氧化二㉖粉末，將此離心後之含 2懸浮粒之撕料靜㈣天後也未能觀㈣三減二綠末的 =分離’顯然此懸浮液非常穩定而可適用於一般潤滑系統。將 此^条米财粒之麟油進行四球__驗後細得試驗球之 磨知直輕為G. 79毫米，顯示添加此_爾_顺增強之功能。 [實例三]如同實例-的潤滑基礎油組成，但是改用s_8()界面活 ^劑’所以於此·毫升潤滑基礎油中添加有三氧化二減水性 =體潤滑劑及S-8G界面活性劑分別為Q. 7公克與3公克，混合均 $亦得含奈米歡潤滑油，將此含奈㈣浮粒之潤滑油以 母讀3000轉速進订離心1〇分鐘並無法分離出比重較大的三氧 粕末將此離〜後合奈米懸浮粒之潤滑油靜置6〇天後也未 12 200817503 犯觀察出二氧化二銘粉末的沉贿離，雜此懸浮液非常穩定而 可適用於-般潤滑系統。將此含奈米懸浮粒之潤滑油進行四球财 磨知試驗雜聰試驗球之磨損餘為^ 83毫米，顯示本發明之 固體潤滑劑的提升潤滑性之功能。 [實例四]於300毫升M32礦物油之潤滑基礎油中添加親水性三 ，氧化二_體潤滑劑及s，肖s—85兩種界面活性劑分別為3、2 9 a克此合均勻後亦為含奈米懸浮粒之潤滑油，如圖1左圖 所不於靜置60天後也未能觀察$三氧化二财妹的沉殿分離，將 此^奈米懸浮粒之潤滑油進行四球耐磨損試驗後觀測得試驗球之 磨損直控為0. 81毫米，顯示本發明之固體潤滑劑的提升潤滑性之 功能。 「[比較例二]如同實例四之3〇〇毫升M32礦物油中只添加三氧化 、二_體輯劑3公克’也如同實例四的混合均勻後以目視觀察 不米懸浮粒之潤滑油比實例四懸浮液有較高的混濁度，此懸 年液於靜置10分鐘後即有明顯的三氧化二_體沉殿物，如圖i 圖所示3小後就分離出親水性三氧化二銘固體沉殿層，此系 統顯然不適宜做為含固體潤滑劑之潤滑油。 [κ例五]如同實例一的潤滑基礎油組成，但於此細毫升潤滑 13 200817503 基礎油中除了添加親水性三氧化二鋁固體潤滑劑6公克外也添加 S-20、S-85與NPHE界面活性劑分別為7· 5、15與2· 5公克，混 合均勻後獲得含奈米懸浮粒之潤滑油，靜置6〇天後也未能觀察出 三氧化二鋁粉末的沉澱分離，將此含奈米懸浮粒之潤滑油進行四 球耐磨損試驗後觀測得試驗球之磨損直徑為〇· 73毫米，顯示本發 明之固體潤滑劑的提升潤滑性之功能。 •[實例六]如同實例-_祕礎油組成，但於此編毫升潤滑 基礎油中除了增加添加親水性三氧化二|§目體潤滑劑至12公克外 也添加S-20、S-85與Triton X-15界面活性劑分別為1〇、18與2 2克，混合均勻後獲得含奈米懸浮粒之潤滑油，靜置6〇天後也未 能觀察出三氧化二崎末的沉殿分離，將此含奈米懸浮粒之潤滑 油進仃四球耐磨損試驗後觀測得試驗球之磨損直徑為〇·⑽毫米， 顯示本發明之固體潤滑劑的提升潤滑性之功能。 ^ [^七]添加公克親水性奈麵粉_崎财4 S-20界面活性劑於⑽升礦物油、ι〇 斤 橄禮油所成之潤·礎油中，靖_财也含=00升 "^(Chl〇«- 14 200817503 油注入不銹鋼線伸線機的伸線油槽中進行伸線工作，使綱不錄 鋼線由線徑2. 0毫米經8個眼模伸拉至〇· 8毫米，伸拉速率為每 分鐘230公尺，經24小時伸線操作後並未發現眼模有明顯的磨 損，以顯微鏡觀祭伸拉後的不銹鋼線表面為均勻平滑。 [比較例三]如同實例七之含M32礦物油、氯化石壤、油酸甲醋與 撖禮油_滑基礎油組成，將此潤滑基礎敝人不錄鋼線伸線機 的伸線油射進行伸線工作，也如同實例七的使編不銹鋼線相 同的由線徑2· 0絲經8働_恤刻· 8絲，餘速率為每 刀鐘230 a尺L 24小時伸線操作後發現眼模有明顯的磨損，以 顯微鏡觀察伸拉後的不_線表面有__痕。 以上實例已說明本發明的功能性與實用性，親水性之共價性夺米 固體潤滑劑與軟金翻體潤滑劑的添加能有效的提升—般油性濁 之/W生i_此些只例無意限制本發明的可行性。相反地， 本發明涵蓋财可能包括在申請專嫌騎界定之精神及範 圍之替代、修正及其相等著。 【圖式簡單說明】 =左圖為咖毫升_物油中添加親水性三氧化二銘固體 =淑㈣與S_85兩種界祕_分顺3、2與9公克混合 ㈣亚靜錢天後之穩定潤滑油懸浮液，右圖則為毫柳 200817503 礦物油之潤滑基礎油中只添加親水性三氧化二I呂固體潤滑劑3公 克混合均勻後靜置3小時所呈現的液體與固體之完全分離狀。 【主要元件符號說明】 f 16V,] Add 〇·7g of dioxane dioxide solid lubricant and 3g, 20 surfactants in 25〇ml M32 mineral oil and ml 撖 search oil mixed with the basic species, evenly mixed For the lubricating oil of nano-suspended pellets, the oil containing the =3⁄4 reading is centrifuged at 3 rpm, W minutes and can not be heavier than the third, and the nano-suspension particles are centrifuged. ^ After 6G days, the sinking of the second wire is not possible: the suspension: the float is very stable and can be applied to the general run coffee ^ Run 4 to observe the wear diameter after the four-ball wear test is q. 83 mm The oil content on the rust steel sheet was measured to contain G·77 mg per square centimeter. /, ', [Comparative example -] with 250 ml of M32 mineral oil and 5 liters of water to lubricate a virtual, iw Pei said that the resulting combination of / resulting in four-ball wear-resistant Laiwu Weng 11 11200817503 larger than the example - the wear diameter shows a large wear phenomenon, and the oil content of the stainless steel sheet is measured. The square centimeter of the county contains 〇·65 mg, which is also lower than the oil content of the example 1. The lack of anti-oxidation The oil riding on the machine has less oil content and lower lubricity. [Example 2] As an example - _ slip base oil composition, the secret of the lion ml lubrication base oil added hydrophilic oxidized __ slip agent and (4) surfactants ^ increased to 丨. 4 grams and 6 grams, mixture 4 Obtaining the lubricated 'moon oil' containing the naphtha floating particles, the lubricating oil containing the nano-suspension particles is centrifuged at the fiber speed per minute for 忉 minutes, and the larger the oxidized bisphosphonium dioxide 26 powder cannot be separated. The tearing material containing 2 suspended particles was not observed after four (4) days. (4) Three minus two green ends = separation ' Obviously this suspension is very stable and can be applied to general lubrication systems. This is a four-ball __ test after the test of the ball to achieve a light weight of G. 79 mm, showing the addition of this _ _ _ _ enhanced function. [Example 3] As the example - the lubrication base oil composition, but the use of s_8 () interface active agent ' so this · · ml lubricating base oil added with three water reduction = body lubricant and S-8G surfactant Q. 7 grams and 3 grams, respectively, mixed with $ also contains nano-flavored lubricants, this containing (four) floating particles of lubricants at the mother reading 3000 speed centrifugation for 1 minute and can not separate a larger proportion At the end of the trioxonium, the lubricating oil of the suspension of the helium suspension is allowed to stand for 6 days and not after 12 200817503. It is observed that the bismuth dioxide powder is brittle, and the suspension is very stable and applicable. Lubricate the system. The lubricating oil containing the nano-suspension particles was subjected to a four-ball grinding test. The wear of the miscellaneous test ball was 83 mm, which showed the function of improving the lubricity of the solid lubricant of the present invention. [Example 4] Adding hydrophilicity III, oxidizing di-body lubricant and s to the lubricating base oil of 300 ml M32 mineral oil, the two surfactants of Xiao s-85 are respectively 3, 2 9 ag. It is also a lubricating oil containing nano-suspension particles. As shown in the left figure of Figure 1, it is not possible to observe the separation of the Shendian of the three-oxidized two-sisters after 60 days of standing. After the four-ball abrasion resistance test, the wear of the test ball was directly controlled to be 0.81 mm, which showed the function of improving the lubricity of the solid lubricant of the present invention. "[Comparative Example 2] As in Example 4, 3 liters of M32 mineral oil was only added with tri-oxidation, and the ___ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ The suspension of the fourth example has a high turbidity. After the suspension is allowed to stand for 10 minutes, there is a significant oxidized bismuth sulphate. As shown in Fig. i, the hydrophilic oxidizing is separated after 3 hours. Erming solid sinking layer, this system is obviously not suitable as a lubricating oil containing solid lubricant. [κ例五] As shown in Example 1, the lubricating base oil composition, but in this fine milliliter lubrication 13 200817503 base oil in addition to adding hydrophilic The Al2O3 solid lubricant is also added with S-20, S-85 and NPHE surfactants at 7.5, 15 and 2.5 gram respectively. After mixing, the lubricant containing nano-suspended particles is obtained. After 6 days of standing, the precipitation separation of the aluminum oxide powder was not observed. The wear of the test tube was observed after the four-ball abrasion resistance test of the lubricating oil containing nano-suspension pellets was 〇·73 mm. , showing the work of improving the lubricity of the solid lubricant of the present invention • [Example 6] is like the example - _ secret oil composition, but in addition to the addition of hydrophilic bismuth dioxide in the ML lubricating base oil, § eye lubricant is added to S-20, S The surfactants of -85 and Triton X-15 were 1 〇, 18 and 22 gram, respectively. After mixing uniformly, the lubricating oil containing nano-suspension particles was obtained. After standing for 6 days, the sulphur dioxide was not observed. The separation of the sinking hall and the lubricating oil containing the nano-suspension pellets were observed after the four-ball abrasion resistance test, and the wear diameter of the test ball was 〇·(10) mm, which showed the function of improving the lubricity of the solid lubricant of the present invention. ^ [^七]Adding grams of hydrophilic sodium flour _ 崎财 4 S-20 surfactant in (10) liters of mineral oil, 〇 〇 橄 橄 橄 橄 橄 橄 橄 础 础 础 础 础 础 础 靖 靖 靖"^(Chl〇«- 14 200817503 Oil-injected into the oil line of the stainless steel wire drawing machine for the wire drawing work, so that the steel wire of the unrecorded wire is stretched by 2.0 mm through 8 eye molds to 〇· 8 mm, the stretching rate is 230 meters per minute. After 24 hours of stretching, no obvious wear of the eye mold was observed. The surface of the stainless steel wire after stretching is uniform and smooth. [Comparative Example 3] As in the case of Example 7, the composition of M32 mineral oil, chlorinated stone soil, oleic acid methyl vinegar and eucalyptus oil _ slip base oil, this lubrication foundation is not recorded. The wire drawing machine of the steel wire drawing machine performs the drawing work, and it is also the same as the stainless steel wire of the example seven. The wire diameter is 2, 0 wire, 8 inch _ shirt, 8 wire, and the remaining rate is 230 per knife. After a 24 hour stretch operation, a slight wear of the eye mold was observed, and the surface of the non-line after stretching was observed by a microscope. The above examples illustrate the functionality and practicability of the present invention. The addition of the valence-free solid lubricant and the soft gold tumbling lubricant can effectively improve the general oily turbidity/W raw i_ these examples are not intended to limit the feasibility of the present invention. Conversely, the invention encompasses alternatives, modifications, and equivalents that may be included in the spirit and scope of the application for the definition of riding. [Simple description of the figure] = left picture is the coffee ml _ oil added to the oil three oxidation two Ming solid = Shu (four) and S_85 two secrets _ minutes 3, 2 and 9 grams mixed (four) Asian Jing Qian Tian Stabilizing the lubricating oil suspension, the right picture shows the complete separation of the liquid and solids from the lubricated base oil of the mineral oil. Only the hydrophilic aluminum oxide Ilu solid lubricant 3 gram is mixed and allowed to stand for 3 hours. shape. [Main component symbol description] f 16