TW200812482A - Microemulsion formulation - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a storage stable microemulsion formulation for modified lecithin as well as other materials. For modified lecithin, the microemulsion contains at least one metal chelate complex, at least one surfactant such as an anionic surfactant, modified lecithin, water, and optionally at least one alcohol. For other materials, the microemulsion contains all above plus one or more other materials wherein modified lecithin can be replaced by unmodified lecithin. Further provided are methods of making and using the above microemulsions.

Description

</ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> <RTIgt; The rights of No. 60/714,598, both of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a storage-stable microemulsion formulation for use in modified lecithin and other materials, and to the manufacture and use of such microemulsions. [Prior Art] When the product is intended to be supplied in a liquid form, the emulsion and the aqueous solution are widely used in various products for a plurality of active substances. In this regard, emulsions have been used for low water soluble materials. For example, commercially available products which contain low water soluble modified lecithin to achieve a variety of beneficial effects on plants are provided in the form of an emulsion. Lack of such emulsions typically have a milky, opaque appearance and limited storage stability at elevated temperatures. Although a substance having sufficient water solubility can be provided in the form of a more stable aqueous solution than an emulsion, the aqueous solution may not be uniformly distributed on many of the hydrophobic, biobiological surfaces to which the substance is administered (e.g., the leaves are The formation of droplets with high contact angles, guiding and penetration surfaces, for use in a variety of collars or carbs' containment for use in agriculture, home and gardening, pharmaceuticals, personal care (eg cosmetics, body creams) 1 々 荨 荨 、 、 动物 2008 2008 2008 2008 2008 2008 2008 2008 2008 2008 2008 2008 2008 2008 2008 2008 2008 2008 2008 2008 2008 2008 2008 2008 2008 2008 2008 2008 2008 2008 2008 2008 2008 2008 2008 2008 2008 2008 2008 2008 2008 2008 2008 2008 2008 2008 2008 Or the agents of interest, such as those used in different agricultural products (such as for protecting crops), home and garden products, pharmaceuticals, personal care products, animal health products, and cleaning products. Microemulsion formulation. In the case of modified lecithin, the microemulsion contains at least one metal chelate complex, to a surfactant (such as an anionic surfactant), a modified lecithin, water, and optionally at least one alcohol, although when applied to a plant, the modified lecithin is such that the microemulsion is biologically active. To achieve a variety of advantageous benefits, the inventors have discovered that this modified lecithin is also an integral part of the microemulsion structure, which can be incorporated into another substance to form microemulsions of other substances. As a structural component, modified Lecithin may be replaced by unmodified lecithin. When the microemulsion of the present invention is used to formulate modified lecithin or some other substance (such as a plant-derived oil), it is preferred to contain alcohol. As used herein, microemulsion means a thermodynamically stable homogeneous system containing an oil that exhibits very small dispersed droplets (typically 1 〇〇ηηη or less) and water. Generally, one of the microemulsions or The plurality of metal chelating complexes may range from about 0.5% to about 7%, from about 5% to about 7%, from about 1% to about 7%, or from about 1% to about 3% of the total weight of the microemulsion. 5%. In this microemulsion The possible amount of one or more surfactants ranges from 6 200812482 π. from about 1% to about 30%, from about 3% to about 25%, from about 4% to about 25%, from about 5% to about 3% of the total weight of the microemulsion. About 15%, or about 8% to about 12%. The amount of unmodified egg fat, modified lecithin, or both may range from about 0.01% to about 40% by weight based on the total weight of the microemulsion. /◦, about 1% to about 20%, about 2% to about 10%, or about 2% to about 8%. The amount of water, such as deionized water, may range from about 10% of the total weight of the microemulsion to About 98%, about 20% to about 90%, about 20% to about 80%, about 30% to about 80%, or about 40% to about 80%. One or more alcohols in the microemulsion, if If possible, the possible amount ranges from about 1% to about 50%, from about 2% to about 40%, from about 3% to about 30%, from about 4% to about 20%, based on the total weight of the microemulsion, or About 5% to about 1%. Other materials in the microemulsion, if any, may range from about 0.01% to about 60%, from about 1% to about 50%, about 1% to 50%, based on the total weight of the microemulsion, From 3% to 45%, or from about 5 ° / 〇 to about 40 〇 / 〇. The invention further provides the preparation and use of the above microemulsion. [Embodiment] The present invention provides a storage-stable microemulsion formulation for use in modified egg structure and other active substances of interest. In the case of modified lecithin, the microemulsion contains at least one metal chelate complex, at least one surfactant (such as an anionic surfactant), modified egg fat, water, and optionally at least one alcohol. In this microemulsion, in addition to providing biological activity, the modified lecithin and other constituents act together to cause the formation of the milk. For other active substances of interest, the above-described modified microemulsion of lecithin is used as a base microemulsion to which a microemulsion of one or more of the other active substances of interest is incorporated to form other substances. In this regard, the modified lecithin acts as a structural component required to form a microemulsion and can be replaced by unmodified lecithin. Other active substances of interest include, but are not limited to, other agricultural active substances, as well as for non-agricultural products (such as pharmaceutical products, personal care products, animal health products, cleaning products, non-agricultural pest control products, and home gardening products). Active substance. The formulations disclosed herein are particularly useful for the formation of microemulsions of materials having labile pH values. The present invention is based on the discovery by the inventors that when a modified lecithin is added to a system formed by water, a surfactant, an alcohol, and a metal chelate complex, a transparent microemulsion (water) is produced. Packed with oil). The inventors detected the formation of the microemulsion by electron microscopy and Dynamic Light Mattering. For example, as described in the examples that follow, one of the specially formulated dispersed particles prepared by the inventors has an average size of about 40 nanometers ranging from about 丨5 to about nanometers.

Although microemulsions comprising anionic surfactants, alcohols, and metal chelating complexes are well known, for example, in certain detergents and polymerization mixtures (see, for example, U.S. Patent No. 6,455,487 and U.S. Patent Application Serial No. 2〇〇5/〇032976), but the metal chelate complex is not part of the microemulsion structure in these prior art microemulsions. Instead, it is poetic-some other purposes, such as as a polymerization reaction. The original. The inventors have unexpectedly discovered that metal chelate complexes can be used as essential structural elements to aid in the formation of microemulsions. In addition to this, the microemulsion can be formed automatically at ambient temperature (for example, WC to 45 cC or 2 (rc to take), pressure, and about neutral pH 8 200812482 / « ' (for example, 5.5 to 7.5). The inventors of the present invention have further discovered that modified lecithin (which enables microemulsions to have a bioactive agent for transporting beneficial effects to plants) is also an integral part of the microemulsion structure, which allows the incorporation of other substances to form other substances. Microemulsion. As a constituent of the structure, the modified lecithin can be replaced by an unmodified egg fat. In addition to the modified imprinted phospholipid, the present invention is useful for the manufacture of unmodified φ lecithin, plant-derived oil. , fertilizers, surfactants, adjuvants, spray additives, and other substances or chemicals used in agriculture, such as pest control chemicals and certain non-agricultural pest control chemicals, and certain chemistries used in home gardening Microemulsions for use also help. Pest control chemicals that can be formulated with the present invention include acaricides, algicides, food-resistant, bird-killing agents, fungicides, and repellents. Chemical sterilizing agents, fungicides, herbicide safeners, herbicides, attractants, insecticides, mating blockers, molluscicides, nematicides, plant activators, plant growth regulators, rodenticides, synergism 10 agents, as well as virucides. Examples of herbicides include, but are not limited to, chloroacetanilide, arsenic, carbamate, dinitroaniline, dithiocarbamate, imidazolidone, organophosphorus, phenoxy Base, pyridine, triple tillage, quaternary ammonium salt, sulfonium urea, benzamidine, and riazolopyrimidine. Examples of insecticides include, but are not limited to, arsenic, Phytopharmaceuticals, carbamates, scutellaria, nicoHnoid, organic filling, pyrethroid, spin〇syn, insect growth regulator, 吼σ And the application of dimorphine. 9 200812482 Examples of wood and tinctures include, but are not limited to, guanamine, antibiotics, strobilUrin, carbamates, copper, dithiocarbamate, microphones, Organic 礤 纳 唾 ( (c〇naz〇le), two ruthenium (. Red Secret e), horse 钿Lin, carbazole, pyridine, pyrimidine, pyrrole, benzoquinone, thiophene 4, and thiamine citrate. Examples of plant growth regulators include, but are not limited to, auxin, cytokinin, defoliant, and primate (gibberelHn), growth inhibitor, and growth retardant. The present invention is for the manufacture of pharmaceuticals (eg, lipophilic drugs), personal care products (eg, cosmetics, such as cosmetic fragrance oils, cleansing fragrances, wetting agents, Microemulsions for use in sunscreens, lotions, and others), animal health products, and cleaning products are also useful.

As a specific example, the following examples show that the present invention can be used to prepare lecithin, vitamin E (alpha-tocopherol acetate), prednisone, hexane, toluene, xylene, for modification, Thyme oil, glyphosate and Scotts Miracle-GroTM all-purpose plant food (All Purpose Plant F〇〇d, a giant to accelerate plant growth - and a mixture of micro-nutrients) Microemulsion. Glyphosate is a component of the activity in Monsanto's RoundupTM herbicide. In one embodiment, the microemulsion of the present invention comprises one of the above or flponnyl, imidacl〇prid, mesotrione, and azoxystr. In many of the chemicals, substances, and agents, the microemulsion 10 200812482 - the agent of the present invention can be formulated to a higher content than the emulsifier or aqueous solution. This is especially true for low water soluble materials such as modified lecithin. Therefore, the various chemicals, substances, and agents of the present invention can be manufactured in a concentrated form for storage and transportation, and the concentrate can be applied to the desired one, and can be easily and homogeneously performed by the end user. dilution. The chemicals, substances, and agents in the microemulsions disclosed herein may also have an enhanced effect (see, for example, the following example 丨7). Without wishing to be bound by theory, the inventors believe that the microemulsions disclosed herein allow the active chemicals to be more efficiently retained and penetrate their targets. Another advantage of the present invention is that the cleaning agent&apos; based on the formulation disclosed herein can clean the surface leaving little or no visible residue. In one aspect, the invention relates to a microemulsion for use in a modified lecithin or one or more of the other active materials mentioned above. In a specific embodiment, deionized water is applied to form a microemulsion. The metal complex complex can be formed by mixing a metal salt and a chelating agent in a stoichiometric amount in the wave, right * jie ... χ , φ 7 sense / combined / night. Preferred metal salts include transition metal salts as well as heavy metal salts (e.g., aluminum, calcium, copper, iron, magnesium, manganese, and zinc). A wide variety of agents useful as chelating metal ions are well known in the art. Examples of chelating agents include, but are not limited to, gluconic acid, tartaric acid, bar acid, oxalic acid, lactic acid, ethylenediamine mono, di or tri-acetic acid, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), hydrazine-hydroxyethyl ethylenediamine Triacetic acid (, nitrogen (tribasic) triacetic acid, diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid, W ethylene diphosphine «, amine (tris(methylene phosphonic acid))' ethylenediamine [tetrakis Phosphonic acid)], 2_ 11 200812482 * Linding, 1,2,4-tritopesic acid and water-soluble salts of these compounds, especially metal salts and especially sodium salts. , cis A or its salts (such as ΜΕ· or phantoms used as a chelating agent. Anionic surfactants, when dissolved or dispersed in water, the surface active part of the molecule will be negatively charged Surfactants, and such surfactants are well known in the art. Examples of anionic surfactants include, but are not limited to, tickic acid, such as soap, sulfhydryl sulfonium salt, amino acid decyl amide Sulfate, such as alkyl sulfate and ethoxylated alkyl sulfate, sulfonic acid, such as alkyl Benzene sulfonate, sulfhydryl 2 - hydroxyglycolic acid: a decyl tauronic acid vinegar (aCy &quot;aurate), and sulfosucdnate, and phosphate esters. Other anionic surfactants include but are not limited And a carboxylate and an organic compound having an amine functional group (organic amine compound). The amine group allows the organic compound to form a salt with the carboxylic acid. In a specific example, the anionic surfactant of the sulfonic acid The use of I is specifically excluded. As used herein, a carboxylic acid is defined by R-COOH, wherein R is a hydrocarbon chain. Preferably, the hydrocarbon chain has from one to twenty-four carbons. The hydrocarbon chain can be Saturated, unsaturated, linear, branched, cyclic, polycyclic, and possibly substituted, including those having heteroatoms (other than carbon and hydrogen). Examples of heteroatoms include Not limited to N, s, Ο, and Cl. In some embodiments, the hydrocarbon chain has no heteroatoms or only one or more oxygen heteroatoms. In another embodiment, r is alkyl, Alkenyl, or fluorene group. In a preferred embodiment , ruler is 12 200812482 Examples include butamic acid, heptanoic acid, alkyl or alkenyl groups. The carboxylic acid which can be used in the present invention is not limited to acetic acid, propionic acid, glycolic acid, lactic acid, butyl Acid, acid, octanoic acid, citric acid, citric acid, methyl decanoic acid, dodecanoic acid, and tetradecanoic acid. As used herein, an organic compound having an amine functional group is defined by the following structural formula I:

Ri

Structural Formula I:

R2

Wherein R is a hydrocarbon chain, and R1 and R2 are hydrogen or a hydrocarbon chain. The hydrocarbon chains of Han, R1 and R2 may be saturated, unsaturated, linear, branched, cyclic or polycyclic, and may have substituents including those having a hetero atom (except carbon and hydrogen). Outside the atom). Examples of heteroatoms include, but are not limited to, N, S, 0, and cn. In one form, the hydrocarbon chain has no heteroatoms or only one or more oxygen heteroatoms. In another form, R is alkyl, alkenyl, or alkyne groups and R2 is hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, or alkyne. In one embodiment, the organic compound bearing an amine functional group is an alcohol amine. In one form, R is a hydrocarbon chain comprising one or more functional sites of an alcohol, and R1 and R2 are hydrogen, an alkyl group, or a hydrocarbon chain comprising one or more alcohol amines, and wherein the hydrocarbon The chain has i to 6 or 2 to 4 carbons.

Examples of the alcoholamines include, but are not limited to, ethanolamine, H〇CH CH NH HOCH2CH2CH2NH2 HOCH2CH2N(CH3)2 hoch2ch2nhch2ch2oh, CH3CH(OH)CH2NH2 hoch2ch2nhch2ch3 hoch2ch2och2ch2nh2 13 200812482 H0CH2CH2N(CH2CH3)2. hoch2ch2nhch2ch2ch2ch3^HOCH2CH2N(CH2CH2CH2CH3)2. In this specific example, the corresponding carboxylic acid used to form the anionic surfactant having a π organic amine compound has 4 to 24 or 6 to 14 carbons. Examples of such carboxylic acids include, but are not limited to, heptanoic acid, octanoic acid, decanoic acid, decanoic acid, methyl decanoic acid, dodecanoic acid, tridecanoic acid, and tetradecanoic acid.

In another embodiment, the organic compound having an amine functional group is a burn group having 8 to 24 or 8 to 18 carbons or a burnt group of a dilute hydrocarbon chain or a mercaptoamine. In the present invention, the silk or alkenylamine is defined by R-ΝΗ2, wherein R is a vinyl group or an alkenyl group. Octylamine is an example of such a carbamide. In this specific example, the relative acid of the (4) anionic surfactant having an organic amine compound has i i 6 or i to 4 barriers. Examples of such lysates include, but are not limited to, acetic acid, propionic acid, glycolic acid, lactic acid, butyric acid, and malic acid. For the purposes of this illicit term, the term alcohol means any with the following, . Organic compounds of the functional group or multiple functional groups: Structural formula II: Preferred alcohols can be represented by hydrazine, where r is 丨 to 24 carbons, 1 to 18 carbons, 1 to 12 feet 1 to 8 carbons, 1 to 6 carbons, or 1 to 4 carbon carbon bonds. ^ ^ The enthalpy chain can be saturated, unsaturated, linear, branched, cyclic, ^u di, or polycyclic, and can have substituents, including those and ^ ^ one, Heteroatoms (atoms other than carbon and hydrogen). Examples of heteroatoms 匕 are but not limited to N nitrogen, S, Ο, to 14 200812482 - and Ci. In one form, the hydrocarbon chain has no heteroatoms or only one or more oxygen heteroatoms. In another form, R is an alkyl, alkenyl, or alkyne group. In an alternative embodiment, the alcohol is a mono-alkyl fermentation such as methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, butanol, and tert-butanol. As used herein, the term "modified lecithin" means an egg fat modified to enhance the constituency of its plant growth modifying compound, especially an enzyme-modified lecithin (EML), chemically modified egg. CML, such as acetaminogen (acl) and oxidized egg fat 10 (HDL), and other similar modified lecithins, such as those in US Patent Application No. 2004/0234657 The effects of plant growth benefits similar to those of EML, ACL, and HDL are disclosed. Commercially, lecithin or unmodified lecithin means a composite product derived from animal or plant tissue. It is commonly used as a wetting or emulsifying agent in a variety of commercial products. Egg fats contain phospholipids insoluble in acetone (including phospholipid choline (PC), phospholipid oxime ethanol (PE), ruthenium ethanol (PI) , phosphatidic acid (PA), phospholipid glycerol (PG), phospholipid lysine (PS), and other phospholipids), sugars, glycolipids, and certain other substances, such as triglycerides, fatty acids And cholesterol. The refined grade of egg yolk may contain any of these components in different proportions and is composed according to the type of distillation used. In its oil-free form, the dominant amount of triglyceride and fatty acid is removed. Moreover, the product contains 90% or more of phosphatidic acid to represent all or part of the total phosphatidic acid complex. The consistency of both natural grade and refined grade lecithin can vary from plastic to liquid. Depends on free fatty acids 15 200812482 1 Oil:: Contains 'and exists in the absence of other dilutions. Its color: in redundancy: color to brown, depending on the source and whether it is bleached or not (usually = oxidized) Hydrogen and benzoquinone). The dish is only partially water-soluble, water-soluble syphilic acid. The oil-free phosphatidic acid is soluble in fatty acid, but almost insoluble in mixed oil. In the presence of the phosphatidic acid moiety, the phospholipid is partially soluble in alcohol and almost insoluble in acetone. The food grade (iv) fat is used to make the modified (iv) fat, which can be applied to the modified (4) book. The safety or environmental impact is minimized. According to current regulations, food grade lecithin (CAS: 8〇〇2_43_5) has the following characteristics. (1) The substance insoluble in acetone (phosphatidic acid) cannot be less than % (2) The acid value should not exceed more than %; (3) Heavy metals (like lead) should not exceed 0.002/, (4) substances that are insoluble in hexane should not exceed 〇3%; (5) Lead should not exceed 10 mg/ (6) The peroxide value should not exceed 1 〇〇; and (7) the water should not exceed 1.5%. EML means lecithin that has been modified by an enzyme (for example: by phospholipid _ enzyme VIII or Trypsin), this modification is done to enhance the surfactant or emulsifying properties of lecithin. Chemical procedures can also be used to accomplish similar modifications as those accomplished by phospholipase. Use food grade eml to minimize safety or environmental impact. According to the current definition, the food grade EML has the following characteristics: (1) the substance insoluble in acetone (phosphatidic acid) should not be less than 50%; (2) the acid value should not be more than 4%; (3) according to the atomic absorption The lead determined by spectroscopic analysis shall not exceed 1 ppm (4) heavy metals (accidental) shall not exceed 20 ppm; (5) substances insoluble in hexane shall not exceed 0. 3 % · ' (6) peroxide value Not more than 2〇; (7) water 16 200812482 can not be more than 4%; and (8) lysolecithin is a percentage of 5 to 8 moles of phospholipids, such as "Determinati〇n 〇f Lys〇leehhin c〇_ t 1985 )," measured in

Enzyme-Modified Lecithin: Method I, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. Examples of CML include ACL &amp; Fox. These chemical modifications are also intended to enhance the surfactant or emulsifying properties of (iv). Acl can be borrowed by treating lecithin with acetic anhydride. r y External fine wood I. The main purpose of the modification is to modify the phospholipid to form N-acetamidine. HDL can be prepared by using chlorine peroxide, benzoyl peroxide, and sodium hydroxide, or by treating hydrogen peroxide, acetic acid, and sodium hydroxide to produce a transesterified product. It is preferred that the product has a enthalpy value of 1 G% lower than the starting material. Moreover, the separated fatty acid moieties in the resulting product have an oxime value of from about 3 Torr to about %. (4) Niu Yuezhen can be obtained from different types of animal and plant sources, including egg yolk, soybean, Xiangri, #,, shengsheng, hemp, and rapeseed oil. The method of producing the egg yolks and the process, the enzyme and the enzyme modification (examples by Phosphorus i# A?) or the chemical modification of the egg phos, which are known in the art. . In addition, lecithin, EMl all μ and HDL· are all German ’, _ 产 士 t, LLG ( St. L〇uis, ) available from different sources. For the duties and CML examples used in this section, ^^F〇〇d Chemi〇als C〇deX} 4th ed i996} 198_22 and 21 CFR· sec.184 only, 84.1〇63, sec · Found in 184 14 , each of which is included in sec. 172.814 顼 white is included in the full text. The modified or unmodified ones that can be used in the present invention include, but are not limited to, large #锐苴儿1曰&lt;1夕J,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, Moon scorpion, soybean enzyme modified egg squama, and unmodified egg yolk egg yolk. For the metal chelate complexes disclosed above (comprising metal salts and chelating agents to form metal chelate complexes), surfactants (containing carboxylic acids and organic compounds bearing amine functional groups to form anionic surfaces) The active agent), the unmodified and modified lecithin, and the alcohol, the relative amounts of each of the agents, and the particular combination of agents, which are suitable for forming the microemulsions of the present invention, are not mentioned in the details, familiar with the item The skilled person can easily determine, for example, by the simple mixing experiment described in the examples. Similarly, whether or not a particular substance can be formulated in accordance with the present invention can be readily determined by those skilled in the art. If the final product is clear and there are no visible particles or turbidity, the microemulsion can be identified. One aspect of the present invention relates to a method of preparing a microemulsion of the present invention by mixing (1) water, (2) a metal chelate complex, (3) an anionic surfactant, and (4) an unmodified egg. Phospholipids, modified lecithins, _ or both, (4) alcohol as needed, (5) other substances like crop protection substances as needed. In addition to providing a metal chelate complex directly, the starting materials for forming metal chelate complexes (such as metal salts and chelating agents) can be used in combination with other compositions as described above. Similarly, in addition to providing an anionic surfactant directly, a starting material for forming an anionic surfactant such as a slow acid and an organic amine compound can be used. In the microemulsion formation of the present invention, it is preferred that the unmodified imprinted fat or modified lecithin is added after the addition of the anionic surfactant or its starting material. Moreover, preferably, the metal is chelated prior to the addition of the anionic surfactant and its initiating 18 2008 12482. In the case of the body, the microemulsion of the present invention is formed by: (1) providing a mixture of the first water and the metal chelate complex, and (1) forming the first b mouth by mixing the following in any order : (i) the first mixture and (ii) from the present; ^ i α ^ ionic surfactant or its starting material, and optionally (iii) alcohol, male male + μ ^ and ( 3) mixing unmodified lecithin, modified egg fat, or a mixture of two I to form a microemulsion of the present invention. Another aspect of the invention is directed to a method of providing a beneficial effect on a plant or plant part, as described in U.S. Patent Application Serial No. 2/4,234,657, which is incorporated herein by reference. The emulsion treats the plant or plant part. In a specific example, the method of the present invention relates to improving the harvest quality of plant parts (such as fruits, vegetables, flowers and tubers) by using the modified egg yolk in the microemulsion to obtain plants or plants. Part. In a related embodiment, the method relates to a method of delaying the aging of harvested plant parts and enhancing storage and shelf life by modifying the plant or plant part of the lecithin by using an effective amount of the microemulsion. For these applications, the modified egg fat can be applied to the plant or plant part before or after harvest. As used herein, "the quality of a plant part," is based on the plant part of interest and means at least one of the following: firmness (swelling), color, taste, aroma, brix, and rupture of the plant part. The plant part is more solid (swelling) and/or has more of the 200812482 • &amp; color &amp;amp; or aroma, the quality of the plant part is considered to be the second In terms of reducing rupture, it is also considered to be an improvement in quality. In another embodiment, the method of the present invention relates to a living plant or a living plant thereof by using a modified lecithin of an effective mash in a micro chyle Plant part: increase the size, weight, or both of the plant parts. The large part of the plant part is ~ 彳 a 〃 body and. The heat learner knows how to measure and compare the size of a particular plant part. For example, for the essence The fruit is round, _ can be used to measure the size of the fruit. For leaves with similar thickness, the surface area can be used as an indicator of leaf size. Modified lecithin Emulsions are especially useful for increasing the size, weight, or both of the various fruits f, leaves, &amp; bulbs, roots, and tubers. In a related embodiment, the method is directed to the effective amount provided by the microemulsion. Modified imprinted phospholipids treat plants or cuttings to enhance root formation and root development of the cuttings. In terms of strengthening root formation or root development of the cuttings, 'I mean that the modified scales can increase the roots. The number, the overall length of the radix, or both. When the root itself is a commercial product, the method can be used to increase root production. In addition, the method can be used to stimulate plant growth and development. In particular, the modified (four) lipid microemulsion can be added to the potting soil culture medium (pcming s〇u mail heart) to promote root formation and development. In another 〃 κ 例 ' ' An effective amount of modified (iv) lipid-treated tuber plants or tubers thereof is provided to enhance tuber formation. In terms of enhancing tuber formation, we mean that modified imprinted phospholipids can increase the number of tubers. In another embodiment, the method relates to treating turfgrass by treating lecithin with an effective amount of modified lecithin provided in a microemulsion. The growth of turfgrass can be well known to those skilled in the art. Method to measure. For example, the dry weight or biomass of turfgrass can be measured.

In another embodiment, the method relates to a method for improving the traits of a plant or plant part by treating a plant or plant part with an effective amount of modified lecithin provided in the microemulsion to modify the plant or plant part The overall health. This is especially useful for making turfgrass, flowerbeds, and other functional decorative plants more appealing to customers. In another embodiment, the method relates to treating a plant or an appropriate portion thereof with an effective amount of a modified phospholipid provided in a microemulsion to increase the result or to reduce the fall of the fruit from the plant. Preferably, the whole plant is sprayed with a microemulsion. # Increase the number of fruits harvested by increasing the results. By reducing the fruit's #落, 彳 to reduce the fruit (four) loss and also potentially the size of the fruit. This method is particularly useful for fruits such as apples, and a significant portion of such fruit tends to fall before harvest. In another embodiment, the method is directed to protecting a plant or plant knife from stress-related injuries. The method comprises applying an effective amount of a modified imprinted phospholipid provided in a microemulsion to a plant or a plant part thereof. In order to protect the plant or plant part I from the damage associated with stress, we mean one or more of the following situations: (1) complete ~ 曰 "" Wang Wang to prevent injury, (2) reduce the severity of injury; (3) recovery from injury to a better degree; and (4) faster recovery from injury. As used herein, the term "stress-related injury," refers to the injury caused by the non-physical and/or biological pressure of the gentleman's hall.,, abiotic pressure, meaning those inanimate Substance or remedy 2. The brethren factor, which can cause one or more damage to plants or plant parts. Examples of abiotic stress include, but are not limited to, cold, freezing, wind, hail, and preparation. ^ ^ Water, dry, heat, soil compaction, soil scorpion, soil crusting, and agriculture

(iv) Chemicals are like pestierides (examples: insecticides, bactericidal agents, and herbicides) and fertilizers. , biological stress, means those living things that cause "or multiple damage" to plants or parts of plants. Health

Examples of sexual stress include, but are not limited to, pathogens (examples: fungi, fine mites, and sickness), insects, nematodes, snails, worms, weeds, and human or non-human animals (4) (example: Grazing and trampling). To protect plants or plant parts from stress-related damage, modified lecithin microemulsions can be applied during one or more of the following periods: (1) contact pressure 珂; (2) contact pressure; and (3) contact pressure Rear. Furthermore, the modified (iv) lipids provided in the microemulsions can be used as pesticides (examples: plant growth regulators, insecticides, fungicides, and herbicides), fertilizers, and often used by humans. Adjuvants to other agricultural chemicals on plants, where their use will bring plant stress. Yet another aspect of the invention relates to a method for causing an allergic reaction in a plant or plant part by increasing the overall enzyme activity by an effective amount of a modified, i.e., lipid-breaking treatment of a plant or plant part provided in a microemulsion. a group of enzymes, Phenylalanine ammonia ye, polyphenol oxidase, peroxidase, and acid invertase 22 200812482 A further aspect of the invention A method for increasing the activity of a whole enzyme in a plant or a plant part, wherein the enzyme is selected from the group consisting of amphetamine lipolytic enzyme, polyphenol oxidase, peroxidase, acid convertase, and 吲哚_3_acetate oxidase (indole) a group consisting of -3-acetic acid oxidase). The method comprises the step of planting a plant or plant part in an effective amount of modified egg yolk provided in the secret emulsion. Another aspect of the invention pertains to a method of treating a plant or plant part by a modified amount of lecithin provided in a microemulsion to increase lignin synthesis in a plant or plant part. In the practice of the present invention, those skilled in the art can readily decide to apply the modified lecithin to a portion of the plant or to the whole plant. As an example of the protection of pressure-related injuries, if the stress condition only affects a particular part of the plant and the goal is to protect that particular part, it may be sufficient to treat the specific part of the plant with modified lecithin. To treat a plant or plant part with a modified lecithin microemulsion, the plant or plant part can be sprayed with a microemulsion, or it can be wetted or/incorporated/in a microemulsion. Other methods of exposing plants or plant parts to microemulsions are also applicable. Particularly in the case of cut flowers, they can be treated by soaking the end cuts in a microemulsion of modified lecithin. In the case of underground roots or tubers, the modified lecithin microemulsion can be included in the soil. The dosage of lecithin to be used for a particular application and the treatment time depend on the type of plant being treated or the site of the plant being treated, 23 200812482 and the method by which the modified egg fat is applied, the purpose of the treatment, and others the elements of. Those skilled in the art can easily determine the appropriate processing conditions. Generally, when modified lecithin (such as EML) is delivered to a plant or plant part as a microemulsion, its concentration can range from about 1 ppni to about 20,000 ppm, from about i 〇 ppm to about 1 Torr, 〇 〇〇ppm, or from about 25卯m to about 5,000Ppm. The term "about" is used in the detailed description of the invention and in the scope of the claims to cover the concentration of the necessary function which is slightly deviated from the stated concentration but still retains the detailed concentration. In another aspect, the invention relates to killing or inhibiting A method of growing a plant by treating the plant with an effective amount of glyphosate provided in the microemulsion of the present invention in an amount sufficient to kill or inhibit the growth of the plant. Examples of the plant include but are not limited Purple ammannia, flowered flower (spurred an〇da), barley, barnyardgrass, fiveh〇〇d bassia, beggarweed, Florida bitter bud (F1〇) Ribidbittercress), annual grass, bulbous bluegrass, downy brome, japanese brome, browntop panicum, wild buckwheat, biircucumber , buttercup, Carolina geranium, carpetweed, cheat, radish, chickweed , cocklebur, hophornbeam copperleaf, Virginia copperleaf, plain cosmos (1^—(:01^0?仏), self-produced corn (volunteer corn), corn C〇rnspeedwell, crab 24 200812482 grass (crabgrass), crowfootgrass, cutleaf evening primrose, scented grass (unicorn grass)

(devilsclaw (unicorn plant)), dwarf dandelion, eastern mannagrass, eclipta, fall panicum, false dandelion, smallseed falseflax ), fiddleneck, field pennycress, filaree, annual fleabane, hairy fleabane (Conyza bonariensis), rough fleabane, florida Florida pusley, huge, fluffy, yellow foxtail, Carolina foxtail, green foxtail, jointed goatgrass, goosegrass ), sorghum ( milo ), groundcherry, common groundsel, hemp sesbania, henbit, canopy / cedar (Conyza canadensis), itching grass (itchgrass), mandala, seedling johnsongrass, junglerice, asteraceae (kno Tweed), kochia, lambsquarters, small barley, London purple mustard, white chrysanthemum, annual morningglory (Ipomoea spp) &gt; blue mustard, daisy mustard ( Tansy mustard), tumbling fennel (plus 1111316 1111181 &amp; 1 (1), wild mustard, black nightshade, hairy nightshade, oats, pigweed species, prickly lettuce , purslane (pUrslane), common ragweed, big ragweed (giant 25 200812482 - ragweed ), red rice, vegetative / rye rye (v〇lunteer / cereal rye ), ryegrass (ryegrass ), wild dragon Field sandbur, longspine sandbur, shattercane, shepherd's-purse (sicklepod), broadleaf signalgrass, ladysthumb smartweed , Pennsylvania smartweed, annual sowthistle, spanishneedles, purslane Speedwell ), thousands of seeds (sprangletop), 'prostate spurge', zebra sylvestris, umbrellas, umbrellas, stinkgrass, sunflowers, pig water Bud (swinecress), teaweed/prickly sida, Texas panicum, Russianthistle, velvetleaf, Virginia pepperweed, marijuana Waterhemp), wheat, wheat (winter), wild oats, wild _ wild rice (wild proso millet), witch grass (witchgrass), woolly cupgrass, and yell〇w rocket ° In one aspect, the invention relates to a method for increasing the level of active agent in a commercial product (e.g., an agricultural product or a non-agricultural product) by providing an active agent in the microemulsion disclosed herein. For many chemicals, materials, and agents, it can be formulated in higher levels to the microemulsions of the present invention as compared to, for example, emulsions or aqueous solutions. In the case of modified imprinted phospholipids, for example, it can be incorporated in the microemulsion 26 200812482 of the present invention at a higher level than the existing commercially available emulsions for use in plants. Provided in two sides and 3' the present invention relates to the use of kt, an active agent in the microemulsion of the present invention to increase the efficacy by formulating a living agent (for example, an active agent for agricultural use or non-agricultural use) The party goes. The ternary emulsion can thus be used or used in the intended use of the agent to increase the efficacy of the agent. The present invention can be further understood by considering the following non-limiting examples. EXAMPLES Example 1: Microemulsion evaluation procedure. To evaluate the different microemulsions described below, the following test procedures are specified. Immediately after the preparation, the clarity of the tested formulations was assessed and rated according to the following ratings. 5 = completely clear and no visible particles or turbidity. 4 = Almost clear, but with a slight turbidity. 3 = Almost clear, but with suspended particles. 2 = slightly turbid and with suspended particles. 1 = very turbid and insoluble particles. A 1% aqueous dilution of the test emulsion was prepared. Add 1 mL of deionized water to a 100 mL graduated cylinder. One milliliter of the test microemulsion was quickly added to the top of the graduated cylinder and allowed to spread for five minutes. The clarity of the dilution results was evaluated based on the above rating levels. The original test microemulsion formulation was also placed at room temperature for twenty-four hours and then evaluated for clarity as described above. This test was used to determine the acute physical stability of the microemulsion 27 200812482. A true microemulsion maintains long-term clarity, however, other colloidal suspensions will precipitate or become cloudy after placement. Example 2 · Microemulsion formulation. Table 1 shows the microemulsion of the present invention. The microemulsion can be prepared by adding and mixing the agents in the order of the room temperature (from top to bottom) at room temperature and ambient pressure. All metals are chelated prior to the addition of the surfactant. The EML is PreceptTM 816〇, purchased from s〇lae, LLC (st l(10)is, ®. Table 1 〇 Microemulsion: % by weight 71.15 1.0 0.25 2.6 10.0 7.3 2.7 5.0 Composition h2o

FeCl3(6H20)

ZnCl2

Na4EDTA

Ethanol decanoic acid ethanolamine

EML is aimed at chemical and physical conversion... t疋 degree test for this microemulsion, and found that it is chemically and physically stable during the preservation of the 55C pair of extended companions during the preservation of Dongri, and can be frozen and thawed &quot Fresh to J 10 times without significant degradation. The particle size of this microemulsion was also determined by electron microscopy and Le Light scattering (Dynamic Light 28 200812482 - Scattering). The average particle size 4 was found to be about 40 nm' which ranged from about 15 to about 9 nanometers. Table 2 shows another microemulsion prepared similarly to the present invention. Table 2. Composition Microemulsion 2% by weight h2o 71.3 FeCl3(6H20) 1.0 ZnCl2 0.2 Na4EDTA 2.5 Isopropanol 10.0 Tannic acid 7.4 Ethanolamine 2.6 EML 5.0

Table 3 shows another microemulsion of the present invention. Specifically, the microemulsion was prepared in a 25 ml glass vial containing a magnetic stir bar set to agitation at an appropriate rate. The ingredients are added in the order listed. Iron and zinc ions are thoroughly chelated before the addition of the carboxylic acid and the organic amine compound. When all metals are chelated, the color of the formulation changes from yellow-orange to dark tan/red. Ethanol was added, followed by the addition of ethanolamine to form a clear solution which showed a slight dark tan. The carboxylic acid is readily soluble in the formulation and has a small amount of heat generation. The solution was stirred for a few minutes until it was determined that all of the ingredients of the mixture were thoroughly mixed. EML (PreceptTM 8160) was quickly added to the stirred solution. Once the EML is completely wet, it is open 29 200812482 • Initially dissolved into the formulation. The EML was completely dissolved in 5 minutes with appropriate agitation. A completely transparent yellow-brown solution is produced. table 3. Microemulsion 3 Composition % by weight Η20 71.4 FeCl3(6H20) 1.0 Na4EDTA 2.6 Ethanol 10.0 Octanoic acid 7.0 Ethanolamine 3.0 EML 5.0 The microemulsions in the following examples are based on the microemulsion 3 of Table 3 as the starting formulation and are similar to The preparation of the microemulsion 3 was carried out. Thus microemulsion 3 is referred to as a "basic" microemulsion in the examples that follow. When the variable _ microemulsion is changed for evaluation, the water content is adjusted accordingly to match the change. Example 3: Effect of carboxylic acid on "basic" microemulsions. As shown in Table 3, microemulsions were prepared from carboxylic acids of different length chains. Table 4 Percentage of ruthenium carboxylic acid Start j Green 24 hours clarity 1% dilution clarity - r__ &quot; -1 _ ~ ~ ~ - - Butyric acid (4C) 4.3 1 1 2 Acid (6C) 5.7 1 1 7 30 200812482 5 5 5 Caprylic acid (8C) 7.0 Citrate (10C) 8.4 Lauric acid (12C) 9.8 Myristic acid qj 7 (14C) Oleic acid (18C) 13.8 Benzoic acid 6.0 Has eight to twelve carbon carboxylic acid formation A mixture that has the characteristics of a microemulsion and that is stable for at least twenty-four hours. However, when the carboxylic acid has less than eight carbon atoms, no microemulsion is formed. Among these emulsions, low water > glutenous chemicals (e.g., lecithin) cannot be incorporated, so they are still suspended like solids. Similarly, a slow acid with more than twelve carbon atoms will not form a microemulsion. Implementation_Disc 4: Organic amine constituents pair "some" as shown in Table 5, preparing microemulsions with various amine alcohol/amine constituents

table 5. Amino alcohol/amine percentage HOCH2CH2NH2 3.0 hoch2ch2ch2nh2 3.7 CH3CH(OH)CH2NH2 3.7 OHCH2CH2N(CH3)2 4.4 hoch2ch2nhch2ch3 5.0 hoch2ch2nhcoch3 5.1 Initial clarification 5 5 5 5 2 1% dilution clarity 5 5 5 5 5 24 hours clarity 5 5 5 5 5 31 3 2 200812482 HOCH2CH2NHCH2CH2OH 5.1 5 5 5 hoch2ch2och2ch2nh2 5.1 5 5 5 hoch2ch2n(ch2ch3)2 5.7 5 5 5 hoch2ch2nhch2ch2ch2 S 7 5 5 ch3 " HOCH2CH2N(CH2CH2CH2 8 ^ 5 5 CH3)3 - decylamine 1.5 1 1 5 ethylamine 2.2 1 1 4 triethylamine 4.9 4 3 5 isopropylamine 2.9 1 1 4

Table 5 shows that when the alcohol functional group is removed from the amine, the microemulsion does not form. In the microemulsion, the amine alcohol/amine, such as ethanolamine, and the carboxylic acid form an ethanolamine-carboxylate (EAC). As shown in Table 6, the lowest concentration of EAC was determined. Ethanolamine and octanoic acid are used consistently in the "basic" microemulsions described above.

Table 6 〇 EAC concentration initial clarity 24 hours clarity 1 % dilution clarity 0.10% EAC 1 1 1 0.25% EAC 1 1 1 0.5% EAC 1 1 1 0.75% EAC 1 1 1 1.0% EAC 1 1 1 2.0% EAC 1 1 1 3.0% EAC 2 2 2 4.0% EAC 5 5 5 32 200812482 5.0% EAC 5 5 10.0% EAC 5 5 Table 6 shows that the EAC concentration no longer promotes the clear lower limit of microemulsion formation (ie: less than 4%) ). Example 5: Shadow of metal salt component "篡本" emblem emulsion As shown in Table 7, microemulsions were prepared from metal chelates having different metal salts. EDTA is used as a chelating agent for all metal salts. Table 7 Percentage of metal salt FeCl3(6H20) 1.00 ZnCl2 0.51 CaCl2(2H20) 0.55 MnCl2(4H20) 0.75 CuC12(2H20) 0.64 A12(S04)3 1.30 FeS04(7H20) 1.10 Fe(CH3C02)3 1.90 Zn(CH3C02)2( 2H20) 0.80 Zn3(P04)2(4H20) 1.40 Starting 2 clarity 24 hours clarity 1% dilution clarity 5 4 4 4 5 4 4 1 4 1 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 1 5 1 5 5 5 5 5 4 4 1 5 1 ί7 shows that all the chlorinated metal salts tested form microemulsions, and no micro-emulsions are prepared with different chelating agents. Table 8 〇33 200812482

Chelating agent percentage initial clarity 24 hours clarity 1% dilution clarity citric acid u 5 ____ · ~ · 5 3 nitrogen triacetate U 4 4 5 HEDTA 1.6 5 5 4 DTPA 2.3 5 5 3 EDTA 1.7 5 5 4 Na2EDTA 2.2 5 5 5 Na4EDTA 2.6 5 5 5 Table 8 shows that EDTA sodium salt is a more efficient chelating agent for forming microemulsions. Many other chelating agents are present in free acid form, which may explain why they are not effective in forming microemulsions. As shown in Table 9, microemulsions were prepared at various concentrations of metal chelates. Only adjust the metal salt concentration - Ν, ΕΕ > ΤΑ is unchanged. Table 9

Percentage of metal salt FeCl3 (6H2〇r~ 〇χΓ FeCl3(6H20) αι FeCl3(6H20) 〇.25 FeCl3(6H20) 〇.5 FeCl3(6H20) 0.75 FeCl3(6H20) l.〇Starting clarity 3 3 3 4 5 1% lining clarity 3 5

Table 9 shows that the concentration is at least required. 0.75% of the metal chelate pair formed a microemulsion to prepare two other microemulsions. A micro-milk sword 4 a contains a metal salt, 34 200812482 but does not contain a chelate component. Another microemulsion has neither a metal salt nor a chelate component. In either case, the microemulsion will not form. The effect of the emulsion on the preparation of microemulsions with different alcohols is shown in Table 10, Table 10 Percentage of sterols - _ initial clarity methanol 10.0 5 ethanol 10.0 5 propanol 10.0 5 isopropanol 10.0 5 butanol 10.0 5 tertiary butanol 10.0 5 hexanol 10.0 gel octanol 10.0 gel 5 5 5 5 5 5 4 4 5 5 5 5 5 5 gel gel Table 1 〇 shows all the short chain alcohols formed by the stable emulsion . Interestingly, 'hexanol and octanol form a gel. The gel has a transparent quality, and is similar to 1. When dissolved in water, it forms a slightly turbid, liquid mixture. 3 Hz is also not automatically dissolved in water because they require some mixing to completely dissolve. Microemulsion gels are useful in the pharmaceutical or personal care industry. In addition, as shown in Table 丨 _ 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 35 200812482 φ Ethanol 5·0 5 5 5 Ethanol 10.0 5 5 5 Table 11 shows that all of the microemulsions prepared at the above specified alcohol concentrations, including one with 0% ethanol, exhibit microemulsion properties. The concentration can be used to adjust the physical properties of the microemulsion, as well as a cosolvent that can be used as a component of other additions. Example 8: Effect of lecithin composition on "basic" microemulsions. As shown in Table 12, with different modifications / Unmodified lecithin to prepare microemulsion. Percent initial clarity 24 hours clarity 1% dilution clarity 5.0 5 5 5 5.0 5 4 5 5.0 5 5 5 5.0 5 5 5 5.0 N/AN/AN/A 5.0 4 3 4 5.0 3 3 3 5.0 5 5 5 5.0 3 3 3 Modified/unmodified lecithin (species)

Precept 8120 (soybean, chemical)

Precept 8140 (soybean, acetylated)

Precept 8160 (soybean, enzyme modified) Centrolex-F (soy, unmodified)

Centrolex-FP40 (soybean, high pc content) Degussa HL-50 (soybean, highly enzymatically modified) Doosan PL-60 (unmodified egg yolk egg fat, 60% phospholipid) Doosan PL-95 (unmodified egg yolk egg structure) Lipid, 95% phospholipid) Belovo PL-85 (unmodified egg yolk yolk, 85% phospholipid) 36 200812482 All modified/unmodified lecithins are de-oiled, and most proteins And triglycerides were also removed. The soy modified/unmodified lecithin is an arbitrarily flowing, slightly hygroscopic solid. Conversely, unmodified egg yolk lecithin is a waxy substance and is somewhat difficult to handle. As shown in Table 12, all soy modified/unmodified lecithins produced microemulsions in addition to the highly enzymatically modified lecithin. High enzyme modified lecithin is known to contain higher levels of fatty acids as well as triglycerides than other evaluated deoiled soy egg fats. Φ PL-85 and PL-60 unmodified egg yolk lecithin contain significant levels of triglycerides. In contrast, PL-95 is almost free of triglycerides. Table 12 shows that PL-95 unmodified egg yolk lecithin forms a stable microemulsion, while other unmodified egg yolk lecithins do not. For its part, it seems that triglycerides are not effectively incorporated into microemulsions. In addition to this, and as shown in Table 13, microemulsions with increasing EML were prepared. When the concentration of EML is higher than 20%, some heating and extended stirring time are required to achieve a clear solution. When twisting is required, the emulsifier is heated to 45. (: and stir until a clear solution is reached. At concentrations above 30%, the EML cannot be added quickly. Instead, it needs to be added slowly to avoid agglomeration. Table 13 EML Percent Start Clearness 24 hours clarity 1% dilution clarity Precept 8160 5.0 one... __一一一-- -5 5 5 Precept 8160 10.0 5 5 5 Precept 8160 15.0 5 5 5 Precept 8160 20.0 5 5 5 Precept 8160 25.0 5 5 37 200812482 虡

Precept 8160 30.0

Precept 8160 40.0 Microemulsions containing less than 25% modified lecithin are formed automatically with gentle agitation. Microemulsions containing 25% to 40% modified lecithin require some heating (heating at about 45 ° C for one hour) with stirring. As the solubility of the modified egg yolk increases, the viscosity of the microemulsion also increases. Microemulsions are very viscous when they contain 40% modified lecithin, but are still liquids that can flow freely. EXAMPLES __!.········································ Table 14 shows a microemulsion (microemulsion 4) having an anionic surfactant formed of a long-chain organic amine compound (octylamine) and short-chain ferulic acid (glycolic acid). The microemulsion is prepared by sequentially adding (from top to bottom) at room temperature and ambient pressure and mixing the listed agents. The ingredients are added to a 250 ml glass vial containing a magnetic stir: stir bar set to the appropriate speed. The EML is the PreceptTM 8160. The emulsifiers formed by the formulations listed in Table 14 show almost the same physical properties as the above-disclosed, basic, microemulsion (microemulsion 3). Table 14. _Microemulsion 4 A Composition _wt%_ h2o 7L4 FeCl3(6H20) 1.0 Na4EDTA 2.6 Ethanol 10.0 Octyl 6.3 Glycolic acid 3.7 38 200812482 n __EML 5.0 Effect on microemulsion 4. As shown in Table 15, carboxylic acids of different chain lengths were used to replace the glycolic acid in Microemulsion 4 and all carboxylic acids could form microemulsions like glycolic acid. Table 15 Carboxylate Percentage Initial Clearance 24 Hour clarity 1% dilution clarity

One == one Acetic acid 2_9 Propionic acid Lactic acid 3.6 4.4 5 5 5 5 Butyric acid 4.3 Malic acid 6.5 5 5 5 5 l 1 : The concentration of the organic amine component on the microemulsion 4. As shown in Table 16, various organic amine compounds having a short hydrocarbon chain were used to replace the octylamine in the microemulsion 4, and these organic amine compositions did not allow the formation of microemulsions. Table 16 〇Organic amine·1 Percent initial clarity 24 hours clarity 1% dilution clarity octamine 6.3 5 — 5 5 n-butylamine 3.6 1 —1 2 2 butylamine 3.6 1 1 2 hexylamine 4.9 2 1 2 Cyclohexylamine 4.8 2 3 2 Benzylamine 4.2 1 1 2 39 200812482 6-Aminohexanol 5.7 2 2 2 Dodecylamine 9.1 5 5 5 Example 12: Metal _ component mash microemulsion 4 _ effect. As shown in Table 17, different metal salts were used to replace FeCl3 (6H20) in Microemulsion 4 and EDTA was used as a chelating agent. The metal salts used may allow the formation of microemulsions. Table 17. Metal salt percentage initial clarity 24 hours clarity 1% dilution clarity FeCl3(6H20) 1.0 5 5 5 ZnCl2 0.51 5 5 5 CaCl2(2H20) 0.55 5 5 5 CuC12(2H20) 0.65 5 5 5 Zn(CH3C02)2 (2H20) 0.85 5 5 5

Example 13 · The effect of the chelate component on the stimulating agent 4. As shown in Table 18, different chelating agents were tested for the formation of microemulsion 4, and EDTA sodium salt was found to be more effective than other chelating agents. Table 18. Percentage Initial clarity 1% dilution clarity

1.1 1.7 2.2 2.6 Chelating agent

EDTA

Na2EDTA

Na4EDTA

40 200812482 Microemulsion 4 was prepared with different amounts of EML and the results are shown in Table ι9. Table 19. That is, the percentage of fat filling Precept 8160 1.0 Precept 8160 5.0 Precept 8160 10.0 Precept 8160 20.0 Precept 8160 30.0 Precept 8160 40.0

Example 1 5: Micro-milk fast-drying. Make microemulsion 3 and microemulsion dense, 丨4 夕#~a &gt; The stability of 俽^^ 4 is tested by extreme temperature conditions. 15 ml of each microemulsion was placed in a 2 ml glass seintillation vials and stored in a freezer at _80 °C for twenty-four hours. When cold 拄-_ /ib/ ^ Tian 4 / 牯, both microemulsions form an opaque solid that appears to be a single phase. , and force W, and observed the solid sinking hall. Place each bottle from the freezer in the #g, h phase T^ and let them warm to room temperature. Both of the cold samples melted quickly, forming a soap-phase liquid that was read and resolved. There is no obvious solid sinking hall. After both samples were warmed to room temperature, remove the 1 ml aliquot and add ~1 〇〇 ml of deionized water. Both produce a dilution of the faction, such as the same as the / /, 笙 maple emulsion. This freeze-thaw cycle was repeated ten times and the microemulsion was 4 wells! The physical characteristics have no significant effect. Therefore, the two kinds of microemulsions are physically stable in non-cash, and w. In addition, the microemulsions of 50 謇, 升, 升, 升, and 升 升 升 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 ;, two weeks. Stored at 54 C for two weeks 41 200812482 m • The stability of the product is approximately equal to the stability of two years of storage at room temperature, as defined by the CIPAC (Collaborative International Pesticide Analytical Council) method MT 46.3. After the microemulsion 3 and the microemulsion 4 were stored at 54 ° C for two weeks, there was a change in color or clarity, indicating that no physical degradation occurred. Each of the micro-packaged aliquots was also added to 100 liters of water to the chicken water, and the clear suspension was automatically formed, further indicating that the microemulsions were physically stable at elevated temperatures.

The chemical stability of the microemulsion (54 ° C) stored at high temperature was determined by hPLC analysis of the fractionated phospholipid content of each formulation. The phospholipid spectrum did not substantially change when compared to the original color chromatogram. It was observed that the content of the hydrolyzed phospholipids was slightly increased and accompanied by a decrease in the corresponding phospholipid content. This is somewhat surprising since this condition is a near optimal condition for the hydrolysis of the phospholipid into a dissolved form. It has been previously observed that lecithin which is emulsified by a high degree of shear mixing and stored at 54 〇c will rapidly degrade within one week. It is clear that the microemulsion formulations of the present invention substantially enhance the chemical stability of the phospholipid composition. The high temperature study was continued for a total of eight months and was terminated when one of the stored containers broke at the seam. Periodic physical analysis of the formulation shows that both microemulsions retain their properties throughout the storage period from start to finish. The only physical change observed was that the color was very slightly darkened. The effect of pH on the stability of microemulsions 3 and 4 was investigated. Add an aqueous buffer solution (covering pH range 1 to 丨丨) to the measuring cylinder. Add 1 ml of microemulsion 3 or microemulsion 4 to the graduated cylinder and let 42 200812482

It is scattered. After five minutes, the turbidity of the diluted solution was measured. A clear solution indicated that the microemulsion was stable; whereas a turbid solution indicated that the microemulsion failures Tables 20 and 21 show the results for microemulsions 3 and 4, respectively. Table 20. Ix 2 table PH liquid buffering 23456789 ο 5 532254354 4 degrees clear clear thin

f Example 16: Lipid emulsion The microemulsions 3 and 4 were analyzed for their inherent pH and phospholipid composition characteristics. The pH system was measured using a calibrated pH meter with a standard binding pH electrode. Microemulsion 3 has a pH of 7.9 and Microemulsion 4 has a pH of 6.3. The phospholipid properties per per microemulsion are determined by hj &gt; lc and compared to the modified lecithin used to prepare the formulation (i.e., Precept 8160) at 43 200812482. Precept 8160 was dissolved in a phospholipid HPLC dilution solvent (46% hexane, 46% isopropanol, and 8% water) to give a white, clear mixture without precipitation. Both microemulsions 3 and 4 were diluted in a phospholipid HPLC dilution solvent to form a slight turbid mixture. Both microemulsions 3 and 4 demonstrated that the phospholipid composition was almost identical to Precept 81 60. Example 17: A whisper for increasing the size and weight of a fruit. A series of biological tests are performed to determine if a microemulsion formulation can be used to deliver active ingredients to plants more efficiently. The preliminary test involved a 50-degree MT350 (a product that Nutra-Park, Inc. (Middleton, WI) monopolized, which can trigger an increased fruit size) and a five-fifth lecithin-free basic, micro The emulsion formulation is mixed. The two compositions are easily mixed to produce a yellow-brown transparent solution having the characteristics of a typical microemulsion. 0.5% aqueous dilution of the formulation is applied to the greenhouse for growth at the appropriate application time. On the pancreas, the maximum size was increased. With this microemulsion formulation, the fruit size increased by 143% compared to the untreated control group and increased by 30% compared to the corresponding non-microemulsion formulation. This is clear It is pointed out that the microemulsion formulation has a positive effect on the efficacy of the active ingredient. The microemulsion 5 (in proportion 〇·5 %) shown in Table 22 and the corresponding non-microemulsion formulation are sprayed on the tomato in the greenhouse. And compared with the untreated control group (UTC). Both treatments increased the size of the tomato over 44 200812482 4 • UTC, and for both treatments, the percentage increase compared to UTC More than 50%. Table 22. microemulsion composition 5 wt% h2o 62.25 FeCl3 (6H20) 1.0 Na4EDTA 2.6 triethanolamine 3.0 ethanol 10.0 7.0 dedicated component octylate 9.15 EML 5.0

The microemulsion 5 in Table 22 will be applied in some multi-acre trials. Table 23 summarizes the results from the peach and peach tests, while Table 24 shows the data from the recent lemon test. Based on the results obtained, the inventors have determined that the microemulsion formulations of the present invention enhance the consistency and utility of the active ingredients as compared to standard non-microemulsion formulations. Table 23. Peach Test 1 Nectar Diameter Weight UTC 55.5 Microemulsion 5 59 % Increase 6.30 UTC 90 Microemulsion 5 104.9 % Increase 16.60 Diameter Weight Test UTC Microemulsion 5 % Increase UTC Microemulsion 5 % Increase 1 57.6 60.6 5.20 102.2 116.5 14.00 45 200812482 24 〇

Lemon diameter weight test UTC microemulsion 5% increase UTC microemulsion 5% increase 1 55.1 62.6 13.6 93 143 53.8 2 54.1 65 20.1 84 150 78.6 3 55.9 68.4 22.4 101.2 178.3 76.2 Abstract (average) 55.0 65.3 18.7 92.7 157.1 69.5 Standard deviation 0.5 1.7 2.6 5.0 10.8 7.9 Navel orange diameter weight test UTC microemulsion 5% increase UTC microemulsion 5% increase 1 70.3 90.9 29.3 169.4 345.8 104.1 2 71.9 83.9 16.7 172.9 270 56.2 3 71.4 76.7 7.4 180.5 215.5 19.4 4 78.2 83.2 6.4 227.6 266.6 17.1 5 76.5 81.1 6.0 218.2 257.5 18.0 6 71.9 84.3 17.2 177.3 273.2 54.1 7 70.3 77.5 10.2 165.5 219.6 32.7 8 81.9 95.5 16.6 248.4 384.4 54.8 9 73.3 81.5 11.2 181.9 248.3 36.5 10 72.7 75.7 4.1 193.5 211.9 9.5 11 77.4 86 11.1 220.6 297.6 34.9 12 73.9 86.4 16.9 201.5 316.2 56.9 13 68.2 75.5 10.7 195.6 258.4 32.1 46 200812482

14 74.3 85 14.4 210.6 308.8 46.6 15 75.1 84.3 12.3 215.3 295.7 37.3 16 72.9 84 15.2 204 305.3 49.7 Abstract (average) 73.8 83.2 12.9 198.9 279.7 41.2 Standard deviation 0.9 1,3 1.5 5.9 11.8 5.7 Valencia orange diameter weight test UTC Microemulsion 5% increase UTC microemulsion 5% increase 1 62.5 66.2 5.9 121.7 152.4 25.2 2 66.6 80.5 20.9 153.6 227.9 48.4 Abstract (average) 64.6 73.4 13 137.7 190.2 37 Standard deviation 2.1 7.2 0.1 15.9 37.8 0.1 Jiaogan Diameter Weight Test UTC Micro Emulsion 5 % increase UTC microemulsion 5 % increase 1 53.3 59.5 11.6 61 82 34.4 Grapefruit / grapefruit diameter weight test UTC microemulsion 5 % increase UTC microemulsion 5 % increase 1 123.3 128.8 4.5 651.7 759.9 Example 19: used to affect fruit A microemulsion formulation of color. The microemulsion 6 shown in Table 25 was prepared and the formulation (K25%, 0.5%, and 1.0% aqueous dilution was sprayed to the greenhouse grown Medusa hot pepper at the appropriate time to affect the fruit). 47 200812482 . Color.

Table 25 组成 Composition Η20

FeCl3(6H20)

Na4EDTA ethanol ethanolamine octanoic acid

Exclusive ingredients EML _ microemulsion 6 weight. /〇 — 62.25 1.0 2.6 10.0 3.0 7.0 9.15 6.0 When compared to the untreated control group, all treatments using this microemulsion increased the number of red and bright red peppers and reduced the amount of green pepper. Example 20: Microemulsion formulation for herbicides/insecticides. Evaluation of the effect of glyphosate (Monsanto, s 11〇1111 (1活性1^ herbicide active fraction φ)) in the microemulsion of the present invention. Glyphosate is an aminophosphonic acid, which can be in water to about 1 %. For improved water solubility, it is generally formulated as a salt 'mainly isopropylamine or potassium salt. Most commercially sold formulations contain between 41% and 50% glyphosate salt. Depending on the need to maximize the acceptable consistency of the glyphosate in the formulation while maintaining the acceptable consistency. Successful preparation of 40.5% microemulsion and 41.5 % to the agent. Table 26 does not include Go?% glyphosate/isopropylamine salt (30% acid) 50% glyphosate/isopropylamine salt microemulsion glyphosate/isopropylamine salt height Glycyrrhizin 48 200812482 Phosphine microemulsion. Table 26 〇

Microemulsion composition_wt% h2o 23.37 Na4EDTA 1.33 CuC12(2H20) 0.33 ethanol 5.0 isopropylamine 15.8 octylamine 3.2 acetic acid 1.5 PEG-300 2.0 glyphosate 45.00 EML 2.5 microemulsion 7 is made by adding glyphosate acid to water, And then it was prepared by slowly adding isopropylamine with appropriate stirring. EDTA was added to the glyphosate/isopropylamine solution and allowed to mix until dissolved. CuCl2 (2H20) was added and the copper was immediately chelated by EDTA. Ethanol, • octylamine, PEG-300, and acetic acid were then added with appropriate agitation. Finally, a microemulsion is formed by adding precept 816(EML). The Microemulsion 7 formulation has a number of superior properties compared to most concentrated commercially marketed glyphosate formulations. The microemulsion 7 was frozen under _8 〇t: for 24 hours and then thawed at room temperature. The microemulsion was handed out after twenty-four days and became liquid within twenty seconds, whereas commercially-sold formulations remained solid for almost five minutes. The microemulsion also showed little foaming when intense agitation. Similar to glyphosate, : , , his herbicides and pesticides can be used in this article 49 200812482 • Unclear microemulsion formulation. Many herbicides and pesticides have limited water stagnation, and a considerable amount of organic solvent must be used to effectively formulate them. This has led to increased environmental and toxicological concerns. Since the microemulsions of the present invention are inherently water-based and have an extremely desirable toxicological property, the worries and toxic concerns of j are reduced. In addition, the microemulsion formulations of the present invention exhibit very low consistency and can therefore be used to formulate herbicides and pesticides having suitable viscous properties. Width._Example 21: Emulsion formulation for fertilizers. Table 27 shows microemulsions prepared with Scotts Miracle-GroTM Whole Plant Foods. Table 27. Microemulsion 8 Composition Weight % h2o 61.4 FeCl3(6H20) 1.0 Na4EDTA 2.6 Ethanol 10.0 Ethanolamine 3.0 Octanoic Acid 7.0 Miracle GroTM 10.0 EML 5.0

The efficacy of the Miracle-GroTMt microemulsion formulation was evaluated and compared to the commercially available Miracle-GroTM formulation. Each formulation of the same amount of fertilizer equivalent was added to each of the three tomato plants in the recommended manner. Take pictures of the plants and measure the height. Two days later, 'we agree with what would be expected if excessive fertilization occurred, the microemulsion plant showed 50 200812482 ^ serious injury. The plants treated with Miracle-GroTM appeared to grow normally. No one can conclude from this finding that the microemulsion formulation enhances the plant's ability to absorb nutrients in Miracle-Gr(R)TM to the point of toxicity. This would allow us to use significantly less fertilizer to achieve the same results as the commercially available Miracle-GroTM formulation. Other fertilizers can similarly be formulated with the microemulsions of the present invention. A problem with the application of a fertilizer is that plants do not absorb mineral nutrients very efficiently. Therefore, a large part of the applied fertilizer is not utilized. The fertilizer formulated with the microemulsion of the present invention can be utilized more efficiently due to the small fertilizer-containing carrier. Example 22: Microemulsion formulation for other chemicals. Table 28 shows the microemulsion of the present invention mixed with hexane. In the preparation of the microemulsion, hexane was added prior to the addition of the EML. After about five minutes of scrambling, the microemulsion became clear and exhibited typical microemulsion properties. Table 28 〇

Microemulsion 9 Composition % by weight h2o ------ 70.4 FeCl3(6H20) 1.0 Na4EDTA 2.6 Ethanol 10.0 Ethanolamine 3.0 Octanoic acid 7.0 Hexane 1.0 EML 5.0 51 200812482 Microemulsion formulation for inclusion of hexane in Table 28 It can also be used to incorporate higher concentrations of hexane as well as various other chemicals (Table 29).

Table 29. Ingredients Hexane Approximate maximum concentration Benzene Benzene Diphenylbenzene Thyme Oil Citronella Oil Vitamin Ε (α-tocopherol acetate 2.0 2.0 5.0 0.5 10.0

Yanming τ / Beta is described as late, but it is necessary to understand that the exposure is not limited to these specific embodiments, but includes all: 疋 很 很 很 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 Shen. Modifications in the patent

[Simple diagram description] None [Main component symbol description] None 52

Claims (1)

200812482 X. Patent application garden: 1. A microemulsion comprising: a metal chelate complex; an anionic surfactant; a constituent selected from the group consisting of free unmodified lecithin and modified lecithin Group; and water. 2. The microemulsion according to item 1 of the patent application, which further comprises an alcohol. 3. The microemulsion according to claim 2, wherein the alcohol is an alkyl alcohol. 4. The microemulsion according to claim 3, wherein the alkyl alcohol has a hydrocarbon chain of 1 to 8 carbons. 5. The microemulsion according to claim 3, wherein the alkyl alcohol has a hydrocarbon chain of 1 to 4 carbons. 6. The microemulsion according to claim 1, wherein the constituent is a modified lecithin. 7. The microemulsion according to claim 1, further comprising a composition selected from the group consisting of a free pesticide, a surfactant, an adjuvant, a spray additive, and a fertilizer. 8. The microemulsion according to claim 7 of the patent application, wherein the pesticide is selected from the group consisting of a free acaricide, an algicide, a food-resistant substance, a bird-killing agent, a bactericide, a repellent, a chemical sterilizing agent, and a fungicide. Agents, herbicide safeners, herbicides, attractants, insecticides, mating blockers, molluscicides, nematicides, plants 53 200812482 Μ ^ Activators, plant growth regulators, rodenticides, synergists, And a group of viricides. 9. The microemulsion according to item 8 of the patent application scope, wherein the pesticide is a herbicide known as 遥 其 其 遥 遥 自由 自由 自由 自由 自由 自由 坤 坤 坤 坤 坤 坤 坤 坤 坤 坤 坤 坤 坤 坤 坤 坤 坤 坤 坤 坤 坤 坤 坤 坤 坤 坤 坤 坤 坤a group consisting of salt, imidazolidone, organic dish, phenoxy, pyridine, tri-farming, quaternary ammonium salt, sulfonium urea, benzamidine cyclohexanedione, and riaz〇l〇Pyrimidine group. The microemulsion according to Item 8 of the patent application, wherein the pesticide _ is an insecticide selected from the group consisting of an arsenic agent, a botanical drug, an amine formate, a dichloride, and a lysine. (nicotinoid), organophosphate, pyrethroid, spinoxin, insect growth regulator, . A group consisting of azole and quinone.微 The microemulsion according to claim 8 wherein the pesticide is a fungicide selected from the group consisting of guanamine, antibiotic, strobiluriix, carbamate, copper, dithiamine Citrate, imidazole, organic phosphorus, conazole, dicarbimine (dicarb〇ximide), phenylephrine, sputum, acridine, pyrimidine, pyrrole, benzoquinone, thiazole, and thiamine a group consisting of formate. 12. The microemulsion according to claim 8, wherein the pesticide is a plant growth regulator selected from the group consisting of auxin' cytokinin, defoliant, gibberellin, growth inhibitor And a group of growth retarders. 13. The microemulsion according to claim 1, further comprising a composition selected from the group consisting of pharmaceutically active chemicals, for personal care 54 200812482 Μ , active chemicals for products, for animal health products A group of active chemicals, and active chemicals used to clean the product. 14. The microemulsion of claim 1, further comprising a composition selected from the group consisting of hexane, toluene, xylene, thyme oil, citronella oil, alpha-probiotic acetate vinegar, and predisin (prednisone), fipronyl, imidacloprid, mesotrione, azoxystrobin, glyphosate, and Scotts Miracle-GroTM full-use plant food _ Product (A11 PurP〇se Plant Food, a group of giants and micro-nutrients used to accelerate plant growth). 15. The microemulsion of claim 14 wherein the constituent is glyphosate. The microemulsion according to claim 1, wherein the metal is a transition metal or a heavy metal in the metal chelate complex. 17. The microemulsion according to claim i, wherein the metal chelate complex is formed by a chelating agent selected from the group consisting of EDTA and a salt thereof. The microemulsion according to claim 3, wherein the anionic surfactant is an ionic salt of a carboxylic acid having a hydrocarbon chain of 4 to 24 carbons and having a hydrocarbon chain of 1 to 6 carbons. The hydroxylamine of the hydroxyl group. 19. The microemulsion according to claim 18, wherein the carboxylic acid has 6 to 14 carbons in its hydrocarbon chain. 20. The microemulsion according to claim 19, wherein the hydrocarbon chain of the alcohol amine has 2 to 4 carbons. 55 200812482, 21. The microemulsion according to claim 1, wherein the anionic surfactant is an ionic salt of a carboxylic acid having a hydrocarbon chain of up to 6 carbons and &quot;?&gt; 8 to 24 An alkyl or a dilute amine of an alkyl or alkenyl group of a carbon hydrocarbon chain. The microemulsion according to claim 21, wherein the alkyl or alkenylamine has an alkyl or alkenyl group of a hydrocarbon chain of 8 to 18 carbons. 23. The microemulsion according to claim 21, wherein the carboxylic acid has a hydrocarbon chain of 1 to 4 carbons. 24. A method for preparing a microemulsion comprising the steps of: mixing (a) water, (b) a first constituent selected from the group consisting of: (metal chelating mismatch) And a starting material for forming the metal chelate complex, which includes a metal salt and a chelating agent, and (c) a second constituent, which is selected from the group consisting of: φ (1 An anionic surfactant, and (U) a starting material for forming the anionic surfactant, comprising a carboxylic acid and an organic compound having a functional amine group, and (d) a second constituent A group consisting of free unmodified lecithin and modified lecithin is selected to form the microemulsion. A method for preparing a microemulsion comprising the steps of: mixing (a) water, 56 200812482 ( b) a first constituent selected from the group consisting of: (1) a metal chelate complex, and (ii) a starting material for forming the metal chelate complex, including a metal salt and a chelating agent, (c) a second constituent, Selecting a group consisting of: (1) an anionic surfactant, and (π) a starting material for forming the anionic surfactant, including a carboxylic acid and an organic having a functional amine group a compound, (d) a third construct selected from the group consisting of free unmodified egg squama and modified lecithin, and (e) an alcohol to form the microemulsion. A method of microemulsion comprising the steps of: providing a first mixture comprising water and a metal chelate complex; forming a second mixture by mixing (a) the first mixture and (b) in any order Selecting a composition of a group consisting of: (an anionic surfactant, and (ii) a starting material for forming the anionic surfactant, comprising a carboxylic acid and having a functional amine group An organic compound; and a mixture of the composition of the group consisting of free unmodified lecithin and modified lecithin mixed with the second mixture to form the microemulsion. A method of emulsion comprising the steps of: providing a first mixture comprising water and a metal chelate complex; forming a first composition by mixing (a) the first mixture, (b) in any order Alcohol' and (1) are selected to be free from the composition of 57 200812482 group: (i) an anionic surfactant, and (π) a starting material for forming the anionic surfactant, which comprises a carboxylic acid and a belt An organic compound having a functional amine group; and a composition of the group consisting of a mixture of freely unmodified egg fat and a modified printed fat and the second mixture to form the microemulsion. A method of using modified lecithin to provide a plant or plant part beneficial effect comprising the step of applying a microemulsion to a plant or a plant part, wherein the microemulsion comprises a metal chelate complex, an anionic surfactant, water And modified lecithin in an amount sufficient to provide a beneficial effect on the plant or plant part. The method of claim 28, wherein the microemulsion further comprises an alcohol. 30. The method of claim 28, further comprising the step of diluting the microemulsion with water and applying the diluted microemulsion to the plant or plant part. 3 1 - A method other than using a modified lecithin to provide a plant or plant part beneficial effect, comprising the step of applying a microemulsion to a plant or plant part, wherein the microemulsion comprises a metal chelate An agent, an anionic surfactant, a composition selected from the group consisting of unmodified imprinted phospholipids and modified imprinted lipids, water, and the agent are in an amount sufficient to provide beneficial effects to the plant or plant part. 3 2 . The method of claim 3, wherein the microemulsion further comprises an alcohol. 33. A method for killing or inhibiting plant growth, comprising the steps of applying a microemulsion to a plant, wherein the microemulsion comprises a metal chelate complex, an anionic surfactant, The composition of the group consisting of free unmodified imprinted fat and modified egg fat, water, and glyphosate. The method according to claim 3, wherein the microemulsion further comprises an alcohol. A method for increasing the amount of active agent in a commercial product of interest, comprising the steps of: providing a microemulsion in a commercial product, wherein the microemulsion comprises a metal chelate complex, an anionic surfactant, The group composition, water, and active agent composed of unmodified indomethacin and modified lecithin are selected in an amount greater than the amount of the existing commercial product. 36. The method of claim 35, wherein the microemulsion further comprises an alcohol. 37. The method of claim 35, wherein the commercial product is an agricultural product. 3 8. The method according to claim 35, wherein the commercial product is a non-agricultural product. 39. A method of blending an active agent to increase utility, comprising the steps of: forming a microemulsion comprising a metal chelate complex, an anionic surfactant, selected from the group consisting of unmodified lecithin, and modified lecithin The composition of the group, the water, and the active agent. 40. The method of claim 39, wherein the microemulsion further comprises an alcohol. 59 200812482 4 ^ 41. The method according to claim 39, wherein the active agent is for agricultural use. 42. The method of claim 39, wherein the active agent is for non-agricultural use. 43. The method of claim 39, further comprising the step of applying the microemulsion for the intended use of the active agent. 10 XI. National style: