200809326 (1) 九、發明說明 【發明所屬之技術領域】 IPS ) 關於該 輕量、 電話、 、個人 。隨著 速度、 外，藉 獲得進 裝置具 、及夾 基板面 中之至 行之梳 於基板 過前面 本發明係關於橫向電場（In-Plane Switching : 模式可獲得較廣視角之液晶顯示裝置。本發明亦係 _ 液晶顯示裝置所使用之偏光板組。 【先前技術】 φ 近年來，因爲具有低消耗電力、低電壓動作、 薄型等之各種優點，液晶顯示裝置（LCD )、行動 個人數位助理（Personal Digital Assistant: PDA) 電腦、及電視等之資訊用顯示裝置之用途急速增加 LCD技術之發展，各種模式之LCD被提出，回應 對比、狹隘視角之LCD之問題點亦獲得改進。此 由將相位差板夾於偏光板及玻璃基板之間，使視角 一步的改善。 Φ 該等液晶顯示裝置當中，IPS模式之液晶顯示 有：具有用以夾著液晶之一對透明基板之液晶單元 I 著該單元而配置於兩側之一對偏光板，液晶係平行 • 且爲相同方向之配向，此外，於一對之透明基板當 少其中一方之基板之內側（液晶層側），配置著平 齒狀之電極，藉由改變對該電極間施加之電壓，可 之平行面內改變液晶之分子長軸之方向，而控制通 側偏光板之光來執行顯示之構成。 IPS模式之液晶顯示裝置因爲具有良好之視角特性， 200809326 (2) 而經常被應用於電視用途。然而，黑顯示狀態時’依然可 觀察到視角所造成之亮度不足，此外，也有視角造成色變 化較大之問題。 到目前爲止，有各種以解決該問題爲目的之方案被提 • 出。例如，日本特開平11_305217號公報（專利文獻1) 、 記載著於IPS模式液晶單元之兩面配置一對之偏光板之液 晶顯示裝置，於一方之偏光板及單元基板之間，以其延遲 φ 軸大致平行或垂直於偏光板之透射軸之方式配置著平面相 位差爲190〜390nm之具有接近Λ/2板之特性且Nz係數 爲0.3〜0.65光學補償薄膜，用以改良IPS模式之液晶顯 示裝置之視角特性。 此外，薄膜面內之延遲軸方向之折射率爲nx、於面內 垂直相交於延遲軸之方向之折射率爲ny、厚度方向之折射 率爲nz、以及膜厚爲d時，平面相位差R〇、厚度方向相 位差Rth、及Nz係數分別由下式（1)〜（3 )所定義。 R〇=(nx-ny)xd (1) • Rth = [(nx + ny)/2-nz]xd (2) Nz = (nx-n2)/(nx-ny) (3) 曰本特開200 1 -3 50022號公報（專利文獻2)所示之 偏光板係，使平面相位差爲25 0〜30 Onm且Nz係數爲0.1 〜0.4之相位差板以偏光片之吸收軸與相位差板之延遲軸 垂直相交之方式重疊於偏光片之一側面，用以擴大視角。 -5- 200809326 (3) 日本特開2004-4641號公報（專利文獻3 )及特開 2004-4642號公報（專利文獻4)所示之於由積層於偏光 片之兩面之透明保護層所構成之偏光板之一側面，以其延 遲軸與偏光板之吸收軸爲垂直相交或平行之方式積層著平 • 面相位差爲200〜3 5 0nm且Nz係數爲0.4〜0.6之相位差 • 板之光學薄膜，可有效地改良IP S模式液晶顯示裝置之視 角特性。此外，日本特開2005-3 3 1 745號公報（專利文獻 φ 5 )係，於IPS模式液晶單元之兩面，配置一對之偏光 板，於一方之偏光板及單元基板之間，配置平面相位差爲 100〜25 Onm且Nz係數爲0.3〜0.6之相位差板，用以改良 視角特性。 該等專利文獻1〜5所示之技術，皆藉由於偏光板及 液晶單元之間，配置具有nx>nz>ny之三次元相位差之相位 差板，用以擴大視角。 另一方面，配向於厚度方向而得到三次元相位差之方 φ 法之一，係日本特開平7-23 0007號公報（專利文獻6 )所 示之於由一軸延伸之聚碳酸酯等所構成之熱塑性樹脂薄膜 - 利用特定形態實施熱收縮之方法。 . 此外，隨著波長之變長，相位差會變大，所謂逆波長 分散之相位差板，如日本特開2003-207640號公報（專利 文獻7 )所示之由非環狀烯烴單體及環狀烯烴單體及芳香 族乙烯單體之三元共聚物所構成之相位差板。 【發明內容】 -6 - (4) 200809326 上述專利文獻1〜5所示之技術，必須逐片將三次元 配向之相位差板貼合於具有透明保護層之偏光板，此外， 因爲夾著1片相位差板而使厚度變大，而有背離現在之薄 型化之趨勢之問題。此外，因爲透明保護層使用纖維素系 ^ 樹脂，於耐久性試驗時，光會從周邊部洩漏，而使顯示品 - 位變差，而有所謂邊框不均之問題。此外，製作相位差板 時，因爲需要特殊加工，故希望能進一步低成本化。 B 本發明者針對IPS模式之液晶顯示裝置，以進一步之 視角改良、製程削減、低成本化、以及薄膜化等爲目的， 持續進行審慎硏究，結果，提出本發明。因此，本發明之 目的，係在提供斜向觀看時可改善黑亮度欠佳、視角所導 致之色位移較少之IPS模式之液晶顯示裝置。此外，針對 IPS模式之液晶顯示裝置降低其成本係附加目之一。本發 明之另一目的係提供配置於相關IP S模式之液晶顯示裝置 之液晶單元兩側之可有效擴大視角之偏光板組。 Φ 本發明者發現，被當做通常之偏光板之透明保護層使 用之繊維素系樹脂薄膜具有30〜60nm程度之厚度方向相 • 位差Rth不利於IPS模式液晶顯示裝置之視角補償。此 • 外’發現若夾著液晶單元配置之一對偏光片之間，具有面 內之相位差’而且，夾著厚度方向沒有相位差之光學補償 薄膜時’對IPS模式之液晶顯示裝置具有優良之視角補償 效果，因而產生本發明。 亦即’本發明係具備：將液晶封入互相平行之一對透 明基板之間’該液晶平行於基板且大致配向於同方向之液 200809326 (5) 晶單元；及隔著該液晶單元配置之第一偏光板及第二偏光 板；利用改變施加於液晶單元之電壓，使液晶之分子長軸 之方向於平行於基板之面內產生變化來進行顯示之構成之 液晶顯示裝置， * 前述第一偏光板之吸收軸及前述第二偏光板之吸收軸 • 爲大致垂直相交， 前述第一偏光板之吸收軸及前述液晶分子之黑顯示時 φ 之配向方向爲大致平行， 前述第一及第二偏光板皆係於偏光片之兩面積層著透 明保護層者， 位於前述第一偏光板之單元基板側之透明保護層之平 面相位差R〇(U爲l〇nm以下，厚度方向之相位差Rth(l)爲 20mn以下， 位於前述第二偏光板之單元基板側之透明保護層，於 平面相位差Rd(2)爲200〜300nm，且由前述式（3)所定 _ 義之Nz係數在於0.4至0.6之範圍， 位於前述第二偏光板之單元基板側之透明保護層，其 ^ 延遲軸係與前述第二偏光板之吸收軸爲大致平行或大致垂 • 直相交之關係之液晶顯示裝置。 該液晶顯示裝置時，位於前述第一偏光板之單元基板 側之透明保護層應由熱塑性環狀聚烯系樹脂薄膜或纖維素 系樹脂薄膜所構成。 此外，以構成第二偏光板之偏光片之吸收軸與單元基 板側之透明保護層之延遲軸爲垂直相交之方式配置時，該 -8- 200809326 (6) 透明保護層之平面相位差R〇(2)應在於250〜300nm之範 圍，此外，最好在260〜290nm之範圍，另一方面，以構 成第二偏光板之偏光片之吸收軸與單元基板側之透明保護 層之延遲軸爲平行之方式配置時，該透明保護層之平面相 位差 R〇(2)應在於 230〜280nm之範圍，最好在 240〜 260nm之範圍。200809326 (1) IX. Description of the invention [Technical field to which the invention pertains] IPS) About this lightweight, telephone, and personal. In addition to the speed, the device is obtained, and the comb in the surface of the substrate is applied to the substrate. The present invention relates to a transverse electric field (In-Plane Switching: a liquid crystal display device having a wide viewing angle. The invention is also a polarizing plate group used in a liquid crystal display device. [Prior Art] φ In recent years, liquid crystal display devices (LCDs) and mobile personal digital assistants have various advantages such as low power consumption, low voltage operation, and thin type. Personal Digital Assistant: PDA) The use of information display devices such as computers and televisions has rapidly increased the development of LCD technology. LCDs of various modes have been proposed, and the problem of LCDs responding to contrast and narrow viewing angles has also been improved. The difference plate is sandwiched between the polarizing plate and the glass substrate to improve the viewing angle. Φ Among the liquid crystal display devices, the IPS mode liquid crystal display has a liquid crystal cell I for sandwiching the liquid crystal to the transparent substrate. The unit is disposed on one of the two sides of the polarizing plate, the liquid crystal system is parallel and is aligned in the same direction, and in addition, in a pair When the transparent substrate is on the inner side (the liquid crystal layer side) of one of the substrates, a flat-toothed electrode is disposed, and by changing the voltage applied between the electrodes, the direction of the long axis of the liquid crystal can be changed in the parallel plane. The light of the through-side polarizing plate is controlled to perform the display. The liquid crystal display device of the IPS mode is often used for television applications because of its good viewing angle characteristics, 200809326 (2). However, the viewing angle is still observable in the black display state. In addition, there is a problem that the brightness is insufficient, and there is also a problem that the angle of view causes a large color change. So far, various proposals have been made to solve the problem. For example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. Hei 11-305217 (Patent Document 1) A liquid crystal display device in which a pair of polarizing plates are disposed on both sides of an IPS mode liquid crystal cell is disposed between one of the polarizing plates and the unit substrate such that the retardation φ axis is substantially parallel or perpendicular to the transmission axis of the polarizing plate. An optical compensation film having a phase difference of 190 to 390 nm and having a characteristic close to Λ/2 plate and having an Nz coefficient of 0.3 to 0.65 for improving I The viewing angle characteristic of the liquid crystal display device of the PS mode. Further, the refractive index in the retardation axis direction of the film plane is nx, the refractive index in the direction in which the in-plane perpendicularly intersects the retardation axis is ny, the refractive index in the thickness direction is nz, and When the film thickness is d, the plane phase difference R 〇, the thickness direction phase difference Rth, and the Nz coefficient are defined by the following formulas (1) to (3), respectively. R 〇 = (nx - ny) xd (1) • Rth = [(nx + ny) / 2 - nz] xd (2) Nz = (nx - n2) / (nx - ny) (3) 曰 特 200 200 200 1 - 3 50022 (patent document 2) In the polarizing plate system, a phase difference plate having a plane phase difference of 25 0 to 30 Onm and an Nz coefficient of 0.1 to 0.4 is superposed on one side of the polarizer such that an absorption axis of the polarizer perpendicularly intersects with a retardation axis of the phase difference plate. Used to expand the perspective. -5-200809326 (3) The transparent protective layer laminated on both sides of the polarizer is shown in Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2004-4641 (Patent Document 3) and JP-A-2004-4642 (Patent Document 4). One side of the polarizing plate is laminated with a phase difference of 200 to 350 nm and an Nz coefficient of 0.4 to 0.6 with the retardation axis perpendicularly intersecting or parallel to the absorption axis of the polarizing plate. The optical film can effectively improve the viewing angle characteristics of the IP S mode liquid crystal display device. Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2005-3 3 745 (Patent Document φ 5) is a pair of polarizing plates disposed on both sides of an IPS mode liquid crystal cell, and a planar phase is disposed between one of the polarizing plates and the unit substrate. A phase difference plate having a difference of 100 to 25 Onm and an Nz coefficient of 0.3 to 0.6 is used to improve the viewing angle characteristics. The techniques shown in the above Patent Documents 1 to 5 are such that a phase difference plate having a three-dimensional phase difference of nx > nz > ny is disposed between the polarizing plate and the liquid crystal cell to expand the viewing angle. On the other hand, one of the square φ methods which are obtained by the one-axis extension is shown in Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. Hei 7-230007 (Patent Document 6). Thermoplastic Resin Film - A method of performing heat shrinkage using a specific form. In addition, as the wavelength becomes longer, the phase difference becomes larger, and the phase difference plate which is dispersed in the reverse wavelength is a non-cyclic olefin monomer and the non-cyclic olefin monomer as shown in Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2003-207640 (Patent Document 7). A phase difference plate composed of a terpolymer of a cyclic olefin monomer and an aromatic vinyl monomer. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION -6 - (4) 200809326 The techniques shown in the above Patent Documents 1 to 5 are required to bond a three-dimensionally oriented phase difference plate to a polarizing plate having a transparent protective layer on a sheet-by-slice basis, and The sheet is made of a phase difference plate to increase the thickness, and there is a problem that it tends to deviate from the current thinning. Further, since the transparent protective layer is made of a cellulose-based resin, light leaks from the peripheral portion during the durability test, and the display position is deteriorated, and there is a problem that the frame is uneven. Further, when a phase difference plate is produced, since special processing is required, it is desired to further reduce the cost. B. The inventors of the present invention have continued to carry out prudent investigations for the purpose of further improving the viewing angle, reducing the number of processes, reducing the cost, and thinning the liquid crystal display device of the IPS mode. As a result, the present invention has been proposed. Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide an IPS mode liquid crystal display device which can improve the black luminance and the color shift caused by the viewing angle when viewing obliquely. In addition, the liquid crystal display device for the IPS mode reduces its cost as one of the additional items. Another object of the present invention is to provide a polarizing plate group which is disposed on both sides of a liquid crystal cell of a liquid crystal display device of an associated IP S mode and which can effectively expand a viewing angle. Φ The present inventors have found that the fluorene-based resin film used as a transparent protective layer of a usual polarizing plate has a thickness direction phase of about 30 to 60 nm. • The dislocation Rth is disadvantageous for viewing angle compensation of the IPS mode liquid crystal display device. In addition, it is found that the liquid crystal display device is excellent for the IPS mode when there is an in-plane phase difference between the polarizers and one of the optical compensation films with no phase difference in the thickness direction. The viewing angle compensates for the effect, thus producing the present invention. That is, the present invention is characterized in that: the liquid crystal is sealed between one of the pair of transparent substrates, the liquid crystal is parallel to the substrate and substantially aligned in the same direction with the liquid 200809326 (5) crystal unit; and the liquid crystal unit is disposed a polarizing plate and a second polarizing plate; a liquid crystal display device configured to change the direction of the long axis of the liquid crystal in a direction parallel to the surface of the substrate by changing the voltage applied to the liquid crystal cell, * the first polarized light The absorption axis of the plate and the absorption axis of the second polarizing plate are substantially perpendicularly intersected, and the absorption axis of the first polarizing plate and the alignment direction of φ of the liquid crystal molecules are substantially parallel, and the first and second polarizations are substantially parallel. The plates are each provided with a transparent protective layer on two areas of the polarizer, and the plane phase difference R〇 of the transparent protective layer on the unit substrate side of the first polarizing plate (U is less than 10 nm, and the phase difference Rth in the thickness direction is l) is 20 nm or less, and the transparent protective layer on the unit substrate side of the second polarizing plate has a plane phase difference Rd(2) of 200 to 300 nm, and is defined by the above formula (3). The Nz coefficient is in the range of 0.4 to 0.6, and the transparent protective layer on the unit substrate side of the second polarizing plate has a relationship between the retardation axis and the absorption axis of the second polarizing plate being substantially parallel or substantially perpendicular to each other. In the liquid crystal display device, the transparent protective layer on the unit substrate side of the first polarizing plate is made of a thermoplastic cyclic polyolefin resin film or a cellulose resin film. When the absorption axis of the polarizer of the polarizing plate is perpendicularly intersected with the retardation axis of the transparent protective layer on the unit substrate side, the plane phase difference R〇(2) of the transparent protective layer of the -8-200809326 (6) should be 250. In the range of 〜300 nm, it is preferably in the range of 260 to 290 nm, and on the other hand, when the absorption axis of the polarizer constituting the second polarizing plate is arranged in parallel with the retardation axis of the transparent protective layer on the unit substrate side, The planar phase difference R 〇 (2) of the transparent protective layer should be in the range of 230 to 280 nm, preferably in the range of 240 to 260 nm.
該液晶顯示裝置時，位於第二偏光板之單元基板側之 透明保護層，其波長爲45〇nm、550nm、及650nm之平面 相位差値應分別爲 R ( 450nm ) 、R ( 5 5 0nm )、及 R (65 0nm)，且應滿足下式（4)及（5)之關係。 0.97<R(45 0nm)/R(550nm)<l .03 (4) 0.97<R(650nm)/R(550nm)<l .03 (5) 爲了滿足式（4)及（5)之關係，位於前述第二偏光 板之單元基板側之透明保護層應以由熱塑性環狀聚烯系樹 脂所構成之高分子配向薄膜來構成。In the liquid crystal display device, the transparent protective layer on the unit substrate side of the second polarizing plate has a plane phase difference of 45 nm, 550 nm, and 650 nm, respectively, R (450 nm) and R (550 nm). And R (65 0 nm), and should satisfy the relationship of the following formulas (4) and (5). 0.97 < R (45 0 nm) / R (550 nm) < l .03 (4) 0.97 < R (650 nm) / R (550 nm) < l .03 (5) In order to satisfy the formula (4) and (5) In the relationship, the transparent protective layer on the unit substrate side of the second polarizing plate should be formed of a polymer alignment film made of a thermoplastic cyclic polyolefin resin.
此外，上述液晶顯示裝置時，位於第二偏光板之單元 基板側之透明保護層，若其波長 450nm、5 50nm、及 6 5 0 n m之平面相位差値R ( 4 5 0 n m ) 、R ( 5 5 0 n m )、及R (65 Onm )滿足下式（6)及（7)之關係亦有效。 0.6<R(450nm)/R(550nm)<0.9 7 (6) 1.0 1<R(650nm)/R(550nm)<1.4 (7) 200809326 ⑺ 爲了滿足式（6 )及（7 )之關係，位於前述第二偏光 板之單元基板側之透明保護層應由含有正折射異向性之高 分子之單體單元及具有負折射異向性之高分子之單體單元 ~ 之高分子配向薄膜所構成。 • 本發明亦提供如以下所示之由第一偏光板及第二偏光 板之組合所構成之液晶顯示裝置用之偏光板組。 ^ 於偏光片之兩側配設著透明保護層，該透明保護層之 至少其中一方係平面相位差R〇(l)爲10nm以下，厚度方向 相位差Rth(l)爲lOnm以下之第一偏光板，以及，於偏光 片之兩側配設著透明保護層，該透明保護層之至少其中一 方係平面相位差 R〇 (2)爲 200〜300 nm，而且，前述式 (3 )所定義之Nz係數在於0.4至0.6之範圍，該透明保 護層之延遲軸與偏光片之吸收軸係大致平行或大致垂直相 交之關係之第二偏光板。 • 於IPS模式液晶單元之一方側，以平面相位差Rg(1) 爲10nm以下、厚度方向相位差Rth(l)爲10nm以下之透 ^ 明保護層側面對液晶單元之方式配置著上述偏光板組當中 • 之第一偏光板，而且，於液晶單元之另一方側，以平面相 位差R〇(2)爲200〜3 00nm、Nz係數在於0.4至0.6之範圍 之透明保護層側面對液晶單元之方式配置著第二偏光板， 可以得到視角特性獲得改善之IPS模式之液晶顯示裝置。 本發明之液晶顯示裝置，與傳統構成之液晶顯示裝置 相比，因爲可藉由液晶層及偏光板實施相位差之高度補 -10- 200809326 (8) 償，不但可抑制視角所導致之漏光，而增廣對比視角，尙 可抑制視角所導致之色位移。 此外，具有三次元相位差之透明薄膜係採用偏光片之 保護層，可以減少使用構件及製程數，進而實現低成本 ~ 化，此外，介由接著劑直接貼合偏光片，可以解決邊框不 - 均等之問題。 【實施方式】 以下，參照圖面，針對本發明進行詳細說明。第1圖 係本發明之液晶顯示裝置之一例，（A )係層構成之縱剖 面模式圖，（B )係用以說明軸關係之斜視圖。該液晶顯 示裝置係以IPS模式之液晶單元30爲中心之構成。IPS模 式之液晶單元如前面所述，具有夾持著液晶層3 3之一對 之透明基板3 1、3 2，液晶係平行於基板面且配向於相同方 向，此外，一對透明基板31、32當中之至少其中一方之 基板之內側（液晶層側）配置著平行之梳齒狀之電極（圖 上未標示），藉由改變施加於該電極間之電壓，可改變平 行於基板之面內之液晶之分子長軸之方向。 於一方之基板31之外側，配置著第一偏光板1 0，於 另一方之基板32之外側，配置著第二偏光板20。第一偏 光板10之吸收軸15及第二偏光板20之吸收軸25，係以 大致垂直相交之方式配置，而爲全黑暗。此外，相對於未 施加電壓（黑顯示）時之液晶單元30中之液晶分子之長 軸方向（配向方向）35，第一偏光板10之吸收軸15以大 -11 - 200809326 (9) 致平行之方式配置。 此外，本說明書時，「大致平行」及「大致垂直相 交」時之「大致」，係指以所述配置（平行或垂直相交） 爲中心，容許1 〇 °程度之偏離。 用以構成第一偏光板1 〇及第二偏光板20之偏光片 1 1、2 1，亦可以分別爲，可透射於薄膜面內垂直相交之一 方之方向進行振動之直線偏光透射，而吸收於另一方之方 向進行振動之直線偏光。偏光片1 1、2 1，具體而言，係於 聚乙烯醇薄膜吸附配向著碘之碘系偏光薄膜、或於聚乙烯 醇薄膜吸附配向著二色性有機染料之染料系偏光薄膜。 第一偏光板1 〇係由於偏光片1 1之兩面配設著透明保 護層12、13者所構成。第二偏光板20亦由於偏光片21 之兩面配設著透明保護層22、23者所所構成。 [第一偏光板] 此外，本發明之第一偏光板1 〇之位於單元基板側之 透明保護層12，係由平面相位差R〇(l)爲lOnm以下、厚 度方向相位差Rth(l)爲20nm以下者所構成。如此，平面 相位差及厚度方向相位差皆較小，第一偏光板1 0之單元 基板側透明保護層1 2爲實質無配向之薄膜，有利於提升 顯示特性。實質無配向之樹脂薄膜，以透明性而言，應由 以降冰片烯等之環狀烯烴做爲單體之熱塑性環狀聚烯系樹 脂、或三乙醯纖維素等之纖維素系樹脂所構成。實質之無 配向之熱塑性環狀聚烯系樹脂薄膜如（株）OPTES所販賣 200809326 (10) 之”ZeonorFilm“（商品名稱）等，此外，實質之無配向 纖維素系樹脂薄膜如富士 FILM (株）所販賣之” TAC“（商品名稱）等。 另一方面，第一偏光板丨〇時，位於與單元基板爲 反側之透明保護層1 3，一般係由高分子材料所構成’ 如，可以使用表面經過皂化處理之三乙醯纖維素、二乙 纖維素、纖維素丙酸酯等公知之纖維素系樹脂薄膜。第 偏光板1 〇之偏光片1 1及透明保護層1 2之貼合及偏光 1 1及透明保護層1 3之貼合，可以使用通常之接著劑令 感黏著劑（黏著劑）。 [第二偏光板] 此外，本發明之第二偏光板20之位於單元基板側 透明保護層22，係由平面相位差R〇(2)爲200〜3 00nm、 述式（3 )所定義之Nz係數在於0.4至0.6之範圍之具 三次元相位差之透明樹脂薄膜所構成。利用此種三次元 向之透明樹脂薄膜做爲第二偏光板之單元基板側透明保 層22，應以提升顯示特性爲目的。上述之平面相位 R〇(2)亦可以爲介於250〜3 00nm之値。此外，Nz係數 介於0.4至0.6之間，則厚度方向相位差接近0。 此外，該單元基板側透明保護層22係以面內延遲 26大致平行或大致垂直相交於第二偏光板20之吸收軸 之方式進行配置。第1圖（B )中，構成第二偏光板20 單元基板側之透明保護層22之面內延遲軸26係如實線 之 Z- 相 例 醯 片 壓 之 、，一 刖 有 配 護 差 若 軸 25 之 之 -13- 200809326 (11) 兩箭頭及與其垂直相交之虛線之兩箭頭所示，然而，面內 延遲軸係朝向其任一之方向。 以構成第二偏光板20之偏光片21之吸收軸25及單 元基板側之透明保護層22之延遲軸26爲垂直相交之方式 ^ 配置時，該透明保護層22之平面相位差R〇(2)應在於250 ^ 〜300nm之範圍，此外，最好在260〜290nm範圍，另一 方面，以構成第二偏光板20之偏光片21之吸收軸25及 • 單元基板側之透明保護層22之延遲軸26爲平行之方式配 置時，該透明保護層之平面相位差R〇(2)應在於23 0〜280 nm之範圍，此外，最好在240〜260nm之範圍。 如上所述之三次元配向之樹脂薄膜，例如，以前述專 利文獻6項所記載之方法爲基準，藉由實施具有正特有雙 折射之聚合物之一軸延伸後，使其以特定形態實施熱收 縮，來進行製作。此處，具有正特有雙折射之聚合物可以 使用以聚碳酸酯等爲首之公知之各種樹脂，然而，係相位 # 差之波長分散較小者，亦即，波長450nm、5 5 0nm、及 650nm之平面相位差値分別爲 R ( 450nm ) 、r 一 （5 5 0nml )、及R(650nm)，該等由滿足前述式（4)及 ^ ( 5 )之關係者所構成，係良好形態之一。此種相位差之 波長分散較小之樹脂，例如，熱塑性環狀聚烯系樹脂。 此外’所謂逆波長分散之樹脂薄膜，亦即，相位差隨 著波長變長而變大之樹脂薄膜，具體而言，係波長爲 450nm、550nm、及 650nm 之平面相位差値 R(450nm)、 R(550nm)、及R(650nm)滿足前述式（6)及（7)之 -14- 200809326 (12) 關係者，用以構成第二偏光板之單元基板側透明保護層22 係另一良好形態之一。 此種逆波長分散之樹脂薄膜，例如，可以由含有正折 射異向性之高分子之單體單元及具有負折射異向性之高分 ； 子之單體單元之樹脂薄膜所構成。提供具有正折射異向性 - 之高分子之單體，例如，以乙烯爲首之非環狀烯烴、以降 冰片烯及dimethanooctahydronaphthalene爲首之環狀稀烴 φ 等。此外，提供具有負折射異向性之高分子之單體，例 如，以苯乙烯爲首之芳香族乙烯化合物等。因此，滿足前 述式（6)及（7)之關係之樹脂薄膜之例，如前述專利文 獻7之記載所示，例如，用以由非環狀烯烴單體及環狀烯 烴單體及芳香族乙烯單體之三元共聚物所構成之薄膜，並 對其實施三次元配向者。 第二偏光板20之位於單元基板之相反側之透明保護 層23，與前面說明之第一偏光板1 〇之單元基板之相反側 • 之透明保護層13相同，一般係由高分子材料所構成，例 如，可以利用對表面實施皂化處理之三乙醯纖維素、二乙 ^ 醯纖維素、纖維素丙酸酯等公知之纖維素系樹脂薄膜。第 - 二偏光板20於偏光片21及透明保護層22之貼合時及偏 光片2 1及透明保護層23之貼合時，可以使用通常之接著 劑或壓感黏著劑（黏著劑）。 第1圖所不之構成中’於第一偏光板10或第一偏光 板2 0之外側，配置著背光。尤其是，於第二偏光板20之 外側配置背光，可以提高綜合辨識性，故較爲有利。 -15- (13) 200809326 [偏光板組] 本發明之偏光板組，如第1圖所示，係藉由組合第一 偏光板1 〇及第二偏光板20而成爲貼合於液晶單元之表背 之狀態者。其各光學特性及軸關係，可以適用到目前爲止 之說明。於IPS模式液晶單元之一方側，以其實質無配向 之透明保護層1 2面對液晶單元之方式配置第一偏光板 1 〇，並於液晶單元之另一方側，以其三次元配向之透明保 護層22面對液晶單元之方式配置第二偏光板20，可得到 視角特性獲得改善之IPS模式之液晶顯示裝置。 [實施例] 以下，利用實施例針對本發明進行更具體之說明，然 而，本發明並未受限於該等實例。以下之實例中，相位差 値當中之非檢測波長之物，係波長爲5 50nm時之値。 [實施例1] ^ ( a )第一偏光板 . 準備於聚乙烯醇薄膜之吸附配向著碘之偏光片之一側 面，貼合著由纖維素系樹脂所構成之無配向之透明保護薄 膜（富士 FILM (株）製之，’Z-TAC “、R〇 = 2nm、 Rth = 0nm )，並於另一方之面貼合著由三乙醯纖維素所構 成之透明保護薄膜之直線偏光板。將其當做第一偏光板。 -16- 200809326 (14) (b )第二偏光板 以前述專利文獻6記載之方法爲基準，實施降冰片烯 系之樹脂薄膜之厚度配向，製作Γ^ = 280ηπι、Νζ = 0·4之三 次元配向之透明樹脂薄膜。針對所得到之透明樹脂薄膜， ^ 檢測相位差之波長分散， R(450nm)/R(550nm)=1.00、Further, in the above liquid crystal display device, the transparent protective layer on the unit substrate side of the second polarizing plate has a phase difference of 450R (450 nm) and R (wavelengths of 450 nm, 550 nm, and 650 nm). 5 5 0 nm ), and R (65 Onm ) satisfy the relationship of the following formulas (6) and (7). 0.6 < R (450 nm) / R (550 nm) < 0.9 7 (6) 1.0 1 < R (650 nm) / R (550 nm) < 1.4 (7) 200809326 (7) In order to satisfy the formulas (6) and (7) The transparent protective layer on the unit substrate side of the second polarizing plate should be a polymer alignment of a monomer unit containing a polymer having a positive refractive index anisotropy and a monomer unit having a polymer having a negative refractive anisotropy The film is composed of. The present invention also provides a polarizing plate group for a liquid crystal display device comprising a combination of a first polarizing plate and a second polarizing plate as shown below. ^ A transparent protective layer is disposed on both sides of the polarizer, and at least one of the transparent protective layers has a plane phase difference R 〇 (1) of 10 nm or less, and the thickness direction phase difference Rth (l) is 1 nm or less of the first polarized light. a transparent protective layer is disposed on both sides of the polarizer, and at least one of the transparent protective layers has a plane phase difference R 〇 (2) of 200 to 300 nm, and is defined by the above formula (3) The second polarizing plate has a Nz coefficient in a range of 0.4 to 0.6, and a retardation axis of the transparent protective layer and an absorption axis of the polarizer are substantially parallel or substantially perpendicular to each other. • On one side of the IPS mode liquid crystal cell, the polarizing plate is disposed on the side of the transparent protective layer having a plane retardation Rg(1) of 10 nm or less and a thickness direction retardation Rth(l) of 10 nm or less. The first polarizing plate of the group, and on the other side of the liquid crystal cell, the transparent protective layer side to the liquid crystal cell having a plane phase difference R 〇 (2) of 200 to 300 nm and an Nz coefficient of 0.4 to 0.6 In this manner, the second polarizing plate is disposed, and an IPS mode liquid crystal display device with improved viewing angle characteristics can be obtained. Compared with the conventional liquid crystal display device, the liquid crystal display device of the present invention can suppress the light leakage caused by the viewing angle because the liquid crystal layer and the polarizing plate can be compensated for by the height difference of the phase difference -10-200809326 (8). While augmenting the contrast angle, 尙 can suppress the color shift caused by the angle of view. In addition, the transparent film having a three-dimensional phase difference uses a protective layer of a polarizer, which can reduce the number of components used and the number of processes, thereby achieving low cost, and further, by directly bonding the polarizer via an adhesive, the frame can be solved. Equal problem. [Embodiment] Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. Fig. 1 is a perspective view showing an example of a liquid crystal display device of the present invention, (A) is a longitudinal sectional view of a layer structure, and (B) is a perspective view for explaining an axial relationship. This liquid crystal display device is constituted by the liquid crystal cell 30 of the IPS mode. The liquid crystal cell of the IPS mode has a transparent substrate 3 1 and 3 2 sandwiching a pair of liquid crystal layers 33 as described above, and the liquid crystal is parallel to the substrate surface and aligned in the same direction. Further, a pair of transparent substrates 31, The inner side of the substrate (the liquid crystal layer side) of at least one of 32 is provided with parallel comb-shaped electrodes (not shown), and the in-plane parallel to the substrate can be changed by changing the voltage applied between the electrodes The direction of the long axis of the molecular molecule of the liquid crystal. The first polarizing plate 10 is disposed on the outer side of one of the substrates 31, and the second polarizing plate 20 is disposed on the outer side of the other substrate 32. The absorption axis 15 of the first polarizing plate 10 and the absorption axis 25 of the second polarizing plate 20 are arranged to be substantially perpendicularly intersected, and are completely dark. Further, the absorption axis 15 of the first polarizing plate 10 is parallel to the large -11 - 200809326 (9) with respect to the long-axis direction (orientation direction) 35 of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal cell 30 when no voltage (black display) is applied. The way it is configured. In the present specification, "substantially" in the case of "substantially parallel" and "substantially perpendicular" means that the deviation of 1 〇 ° is allowed centering on the arrangement (parallel or perpendicular intersection). The polarizers 1 1 and 2 1 for constituting the first polarizing plate 1 〇 and the second polarizing plate 20 may also be linearly polarized and transmitted through a direction perpendicular to one of the perpendicular intersections of the film faces, and absorbed. Linear polarization that vibrates in the other direction. The polarizer 1 1 and 2 1 are specifically a dye-based polarizing film in which a polyvinyl alcohol film is adsorbed to an iodine-based polarizing film of iodine or a polyvinyl alcohol film is adsorbed to a dichroic organic dye. The first polarizing plate 1 is composed of a transparent protective layer 12 and 13 disposed on both surfaces of the polarizing plate 11. The second polarizing plate 20 is also configured by the transparent protective layers 22 and 23 disposed on both surfaces of the polarizer 21. [First Polarizing Plate] Further, the transparent protective layer 12 on the unit substrate side of the first polarizing plate 1 of the present invention has a plane phase difference R 〇 (1) of 1 nm or less and a thickness direction phase difference Rth (1). It is composed of those below 20 nm. Thus, the phase difference between the plane phase difference and the thickness direction is small, and the unit substrate side transparent protective layer 12 of the first polarizing plate 10 is a substantially unaligned film, which is advantageous for improving display characteristics. The resin film which is substantially unaligned is composed of a thermoplastic cyclic polyene resin which is a monomer such as a norbornene such as norbornene or a cellulose resin such as triethyl fluorene cellulose. . A substantially non-aligned thermoplastic cyclic polyolefin resin film such as "Zeonor Film" (trade name) sold by OPTES, 200809326 (10), and a substantially unaligned cellulose resin film such as Fuji FILM. ) "TAC" (trade name) sold. On the other hand, when the first polarizing plate is ,, the transparent protective layer 13 located on the opposite side to the unit substrate is generally composed of a polymer material. For example, triacetyl cellulose having a surface subjected to saponification treatment may be used. A known cellulose-based resin film such as diethyl cellulose or cellulose propionate. The bonding of the polarizing plate 1 1 and the transparent protective layer 1 2 of the first polarizing plate 1 and the bonding of the polarizing film 1 1 and the transparent protective layer 13 can be carried out by using a usual adhesive to form an adhesive (adhesive). [Second Polarizing Plate] Further, the second polarizing plate 20 of the present invention is located on the unit substrate side transparent protective layer 22, and has a plane phase difference R 〇 (2) of 200 to 300 nm, which is defined by the above formula (3). The transparent resin film having a ternary phase difference in the range of 0.4 to 0.6 is used. The use of such a three-dimensional transparent resin film as the unit substrate side transparent protective layer 22 of the second polarizing plate is intended to enhance display characteristics. The above planar phase R 〇 (2) may also be between 250 and 300 nm. Further, the Nz coefficient is between 0.4 and 0.6, and the phase difference in the thickness direction is close to zero. Further, the unit substrate side transparent protective layer 22 is disposed such that the in-plane retardation 26 substantially parallel or substantially perpendicularly intersects the absorption axis of the second polarizing plate 20. In Fig. 1(B), the in-plane retardation axis 26 of the transparent protective layer 22 constituting the unit substrate side of the second polarizing plate 20 is pressed by a Z-phase film of a solid line, and has a matching differential axis. 25-13-200809326 (11) The two arrows are shown by the two arrows of the dashed line perpendicular to them, however, the in-plane retardation axis is oriented in either direction. When the absorption axis 25 of the polarizer 21 constituting the second polarizing plate 20 and the retardation axis 26 of the transparent protective layer 22 on the unit substrate side are vertically intersected, the plane retardation of the transparent protective layer 22 is R〇(2). It should be in the range of 250 ^ to 300 nm, and more preferably in the range of 260 to 290 nm, on the other hand, the absorption axis 25 of the polarizer 21 constituting the second polarizing plate 20 and the transparent protective layer 22 on the unit substrate side. When the retardation axis 26 is arranged in a parallel manner, the planar phase difference R 〇 (2) of the transparent protective layer should be in the range of 23 0 to 280 nm, and more preferably in the range of 240 to 260 nm. The ternary-aligned resin film as described above is subjected to heat shrinkage in a specific form by, for example, extending a shaft of a polymer having positive specific birefringence based on the method described in the above-mentioned Patent Document 6 , to make the production. Here, as the polymer having positive specific birefringence, various known resins such as polycarbonate and the like can be used. However, the wavelength dispersion of the phase # is poor, that is, the wavelengths of 450 nm, 550 nm, and The plane phase difference 650 of 650 nm is R (450 nm), r-(5 50 nml), and R (650 nm), respectively, which are composed of those satisfying the relationship of the above formulas (4) and (5), and are in a good form. one. A resin having a small wavelength dispersion of such a phase difference is, for example, a thermoplastic cyclic polyolefin resin. In addition, the resin film which is a reverse-wavelength-dispersed resin film, that is, a resin film whose phase difference becomes larger as the wavelength becomes longer, specifically, has a plane phase difference 値R (450 nm) of wavelengths of 450 nm, 550 nm, and 650 nm, R (550 nm) and R (650 nm) satisfy the above-mentioned formula (6) and (7) -14-200809326 (12), and the unit substrate-side transparent protective layer 22 for constituting the second polarizing plate is another good one. One of the forms. Such a reverse wavelength-dispersed resin film can be composed, for example, of a monomer film containing a polymer having a positive refractive anisotropy and a resin film having a high refractive index anisotropy. A monomer having a polymer having positive refractive anisotropy - for example, an acyclic olefin such as ethylene, a cyclic hydrocarbon φ such as norbornene or dimethanooctahydronaphthalene, or the like. Further, a monomer having a polymer having a negative refractive anisotropy is provided, for example, an aromatic vinyl compound such as styrene. Therefore, an example of the resin film which satisfies the relationship of the above formulas (6) and (7) is as shown in the above-mentioned Patent Document 7, for example, for acyclic olefin monomer and cyclic olefin monomer and aromatic A film composed of a terpolymer of ethylene monomer and subjected to a three-dimensional alignment. The transparent protective layer 23 of the second polarizing plate 20 on the opposite side of the unit substrate is the same as the transparent protective layer 13 on the opposite side of the unit substrate of the first polarizing plate 1 described above, and is generally composed of a polymer material. For example, a known cellulose-based resin film such as triacetyl cellulose, diethyl cellulose, or cellulose propionate which is saponified on the surface can be used. When the second polarizing plate 20 is bonded to the polarizing plate 21 and the transparent protective layer 22 and the polarizing film 21 and the transparent protective layer 23, a usual adhesive or pressure sensitive adhesive (adhesive) can be used. In the configuration of Fig. 1, a backlight is disposed on the outer side of the first polarizing plate 10 or the first polarizing plate 20. In particular, it is advantageous to arrange the backlight on the outer side of the second polarizing plate 20 to improve the comprehensive visibility. -15- (13) 200809326 [Polarizing plate group] The polarizing plate group of the present invention is bonded to the liquid crystal cell by combining the first polarizing plate 1 and the second polarizing plate 20 as shown in FIG. The status of the back of the watch. The optical characteristics and the axial relationship can be applied to the description so far. On one side of the IPS mode liquid crystal cell, the first polarizing plate 1 配置 is disposed in such a manner that the substantially unaligned transparent protective layer 12 faces the liquid crystal cell, and is transparent on the other side of the liquid crystal cell with its three-dimensional alignment The second polarizing plate 20 is disposed so that the protective layer 22 faces the liquid crystal cell, and an IPS mode liquid crystal display device with improved viewing angle characteristics can be obtained. [Examples] Hereinafter, the present invention will be more specifically described by way of examples, but the present invention is not limited by the examples. In the following examples, the non-detection wavelength of the phase difference 系 is the 波长 at a wavelength of 5 50 nm. [Example 1] ^ (a) First polarizing plate. Prepared on the side of one side of the polarizing plate of the iodine adsorbed on the polyvinyl alcohol film, and bonded with an unaligned transparent protective film composed of a cellulose resin ( A linear polarizing plate made of a transparent protective film made of triacetyl cellulose on the other side, manufactured by Fuji FILM Co., Ltd., 'Z-TAC', R〇 = 2 nm, and Rth = 0 nm. The first polarizing plate is used as the first polarizing plate. -16-200809326 (14) (b) The second polarizing plate is subjected to the thickness alignment of the norbornene-based resin film based on the method described in the above Patent Document 6, and the Γ^ = 280ηπι is produced. , a transparent resin film of ternary alignment of Νζ = 0·4. For the obtained transparent resin film, ^ wavelength dispersion of the phase difference is detected, R (450 nm) / R (550 nm) = 1.00,
R(650nm)/R(550nm)=1.00。 刮弧內係檢測波長。 於在聚乙烯醇薄膜實施碘之吸附配向之偏光片之一側 面，介由聚乙烯醇系接著劑貼合前述三次元配向透明樹脂 薄膜，於另一方之面，介由聚乙烯醇系接著劑貼合由三乙 醯纖維素所構成之透明保護薄膜，製作直線偏光板。此 時，三次元配向樹脂薄膜之面內延遲軸係以垂直相交於聚 乙烯醇-碘系偏光片之吸收軸之方式配置。將其當做第二 偏光板。 (c )液晶顯示裝置之製作及評估 於IPS模式之液晶單元（（株）日立製作所製 之”W000 7000“）之前面側（辨視側），以無配向保護薄 膜側，利用丙烯酸系壓感接著劑貼合上述第一偏光板，於 背面側（光入射側），以其三次元配向樹脂薄膜側，利用 丙烯酸系壓感接著劑貼合上述第二偏光板，製作液晶顯示 -17- (15) 200809326 裝置。此時，配置於前面側（辨視側）之第一偏 收軸及配置於背面側（光入射側）之第二偏光板 係垂直相交，而且，第一偏光板之吸收軸及液晶 晶分子之未施加電壓（黑顯示）時之配向方向係 處，所製作之液晶顯示裝置之層構成及軸關係，； 之模式斜視圖所示。該圖之配置，構成第二偏光 單元基板側透明保護層22之延遲軸26與以垂直 偏光片21之吸收軸25之方向進行固定，只有此 第1圖（B)。 從該液晶顯示裝置之背面點亮背光，針對未 元施加電壓之黑顯示狀態之各視角之亮度變化及 致之色變化，利用ELDIM公司製之液晶視角· 檢測裝置”EZ Contrast“進行檢測，結果如第3圖 第3圖（A )係該狀態之亮度分佈，畫面 〇°，以半順時針旋轉爲正來表示方位角（從0°至 止，以每隔45°之數字來表示），此外，橫軸爲 「2 0」、…、「7 0」，代表各方位角之法線之傾 例如，圓之右端係代表方位角爲0°、傾斜80°之 度。右側之灰階表示亮度，色愈濃（黑）則表示 光洩漏）’色愈淡（白）則愈亮（有光洩漏）。 度分佈圖之表示方法亦相同。由第 3圖（A)可 例之液晶顯示裝置之亮度變化較少。 第3圖（B )係本例所檢測到之用以表示視 之色變化之X、y色度圖。外側之封閉曲線係用 光板之吸 之吸收軸 單元內液 平行。此 〖口第2圖 板20之 相交於該 點不同於 對液晶單 視角所導 色度特性 D 右方向爲 "1 5。爲 「10」、 斜角度， 方向之亮 愈暗（無 以下之亮 確認，本 角所導致 以表示單 -18- (16) (16)200809326 色光之刺激値之單色光軌跡，右端x之最大點係波長780 nm，上方y之最大點係波長520nm附近，此外，左下方y 之最小點相當於波長380nm。（x = 0.33、y = 0.33)之附近 相當於白色，外側封閉曲線內之大致右下側爲紅色，上側 爲綠色，左下側相當於藍色。內側之封閉曲線係實際之檢 測資料，從法線之傾斜角度固定爲60°，表示黑顯示（未 對液晶單元施加電壓）之方位角從0°旋轉至36(Γ時之色 度之軌跡，該封閉曲線之面積愈小，表示視角所導致之色 位移愈小。以下之x、y色度圖之表示之方式也相同。由 第3圖（B )可確認，本例之液晶顯示裝置之視角所導致 之色位移較小。 [實施例2] 除了構成第二偏光板之三次元配向樹脂薄膜之延遲軸 以與聚乙烯醇-碘系偏光片之吸收軸爲平行之方式配置以 外，其餘與實施例1相同，製作液晶顯示裝置並進行。此 處所製作之液晶顯示裝置之層構成及軸關係，如第4圖之 模式斜視圖所示。該圖所示之配置，係構成第二偏光板20 之液晶單元側透明保護層22之延遲軸26以平行該偏光片 21之吸收軸25之方向固定，只有此點與第1圖（B)不 同。此外，本例之評估結果以與第3圖相同之表示形式而 如第5圖所示。只是第5圖（A )中，從法線方向之傾斜 角度表示至接近90°。由第5圖可確認，本例之液晶顯示 裝置之視角所導致之亮度變化及色位移皆較少。 -19- (17) 200809326 [實施例3] (a )第一偏光板 以實施例1之（a )相同’製作直線偏光板做爲第一 偏光板。 (b )第二偏光板 φ 以前述專利文獻6記載之方法爲基準，實施降冰片烯 系之樹脂薄膜之厚度配向，製作RQ = 250nm、Nz = 0.4之三 次元配向之透明樹脂薄膜。所得到之透明樹脂薄膜之相位 差之波長分散與實施例1之（b )所得到者相同。刮弧內 係檢測波長。 於在聚乙烯醇薄膜實施碘之吸附配向之偏光片之一側 面，介由聚乙烯醇系接著劑貼合以上所製作之三次元配向 透明樹脂薄膜，於另一方之面，介由聚乙烯醇系接著劑貼 # 合由三乙醯纖維素所構成之透明保護薄膜，製作直線偏光 板。此時，三次元配向樹脂薄膜之面內延遲軸係以垂直相 ^ 交於聚乙烯醇-碘系偏光片之吸收軸之方式配置。將其當 - 做第二偏光板。 (c )液晶顯示裝置之製作及評估 於IPS模式之液晶單元（（株）日立製作所製 之”WOOO 9000“）之前面側（辨視側），以其無配向保護 薄膜側，利用丙烯酸系壓感接著劑貼合上述第一偏光板， -20- 200809326 (18) 於背面側（光入射側），以其三次元配向樹脂薄膜側，利 用丙烯酸系壓感接著劑貼合上述第二偏光板，製作液晶顯 示裝置。此時，配置於前面側（辨視側）之第一偏光板之 吸收軸及配置於背面側（光入射側）之第二偏光板之吸收 ^ 軸係垂直相交，而且，第一偏光板之吸收軸及液晶單元內 • 液晶分子之未施加電壓（黑顯示）時之配向方向係平行。 此處，所製作之液晶顯示裝置之層構成及軸關係，與第4 φ 圖所示（實施例2)相同，只是，液晶單元3 0係從實施例 2所使用之”W000 7000“變更成（株）日立製作所製作之 新型式” WOO 0 9000“，只有構成第二偏光板20之單元基板 側透明保護層22之面內相位差R〇爲25 Onm之點，與實施 例2不同。 針對該液晶顯示裝置，以與實施例1相同之方法進行 評估。結果以與第3圖相同之表示形式而如第6圖所示。 由第6圖可確認，本例之液晶顯示裝置之視角所導致之亮 • 度變化及色位移亦較少。 ^ [比較例1] - 除了將構成第二偏光板之液晶單元基板側之透明保護 薄膜，變更成與實施例1之第一偏光板所使用者相同之由 纖維素系樹脂所構成之無配向之透明保護薄膜” Z-TAC “以 外，其餘與實施例1相同，製作液晶顯示裝置，並進行評 估。此處所製作之液晶顯示裝置之層構成及軸關係，如第 7圖之模式斜視圖所示。該圖所示之配置，構成第二偏光 -21 - 200809326 (19) 板20之液晶單元側透明保護層22係無配向之透明保護薄 膜，只有此點與第2圖所示之實施例1不同。此外，本例 之評估結果以與第3圖相同之表示形式而如第8圖所示。 由第8圖可確認，本例之液晶顯示裝置之視角所導致之色 ^ 位移雖然較小，然而，亮度變化卻較大。 [比較例2 ] 以前述專利文獻6記載之方法爲基準，實施聚碳酸酯 薄膜之厚度配向，製作R〇=180nm、Νζ = 0·3之三次元配向 之相位差板。針對所得到之相位差板，檢測相位差之波長 分散，得到 R(450nm)/R(550nm)=l.06 > ^65011111)/1(55 011111) = 0.960 刮弧內係檢測波長。 除了將構成第一偏光板之液晶單元基板側之透明保護 薄膜及構成第二偏光板之液晶單元基板側之透明保護薄 膜，分別變更成由纖維素系樹脂所構成之一般之透明保護 薄膜（富士 FILM (株）製之，’TD80UL“、R〇 = 3nm、 Rth = 50nm)，並以第二偏光板之吸收軸及相位差板之延遲 軸爲垂直相交之方式將上面製作之三次元配向之相位差板 配置於第二偏光板及液晶單元基板之間以外，其餘與實施 例1相同，製作液晶顯示裝置，並進行評估。此處所製作 -22 - (20) 200809326 之液晶顯示裝置之層構成及軸關係，如第9圖之模式斜視 圖所示。該圖之配置，與實施例1之配置（第2圖）相 比，構成第一偏光板1 〇之液晶單元基板側之透明保護薄 膜1 2及構成第二偏光板之液晶單元基板側之透明保護薄 膜22分別爲Rth = 50nm，於第二偏光板20及液晶單元30 之間，配置著相位差板40，其延遲軸45係垂直相交於第 二偏光板2 0之吸收軸2 5，此點不同。本例之評估結果以 與第3圖相同之表示形式而如第10圖所示。由第1〇圖可 確認，本例之液晶顯示裝置，視角所導致之色位移較小， 然而，亮度變化較大。尤其是，發現方位角45°-225°方向 及135° -225°方向之亮度降低。 [實施例4] 以前述專利文獻7之記載爲基準，可以製作相位差之 波長分散爲 R(450nm)/R(5 5 0nm) = 0.82、 * R(6 5 0nm)/R(5 5 0nm)=l . 1 8 之高分子薄膜。刮弧內係檢測波長。以前述專利文獻6記 載之方法爲基準，實施具有上述波長分散特性之薄膜之厚 度配向，可以得到R〇 = 290nm、Nz = 0.5之三次元配向之透 明樹脂薄膜。 針對除了以具有上述特性之三次元配向之透明樹脂薄 -23- 200809326 (21) 膜做爲實施例1之第二偏光板之液晶單元側透明保護薄膜 以外，其餘與實施例1相同構成之液晶顯示裝置，利用採 用2X2矩陣之光學模擬計算全方位之黑亮度，此外’從法 線之傾斜角度固定爲60°，藉由模擬求取黑顯示（未對液 晶單元施加電壓）時之方位角從0 °旋轉至3 6 0 °時之色變 B 化。前者之結果如第11圖（A)所示，後者之結果如第 1 1圖（B )所示。本模擬所使用之液晶顯示裝置之層構成 φ 及軸關係，基本上，與第2圖（實施例1 )相同，只有構 成第二偏光板20之液晶單元側保護層22不同。此外，第 1 1圖（A )中，用以表示從法線之傾斜角度之同心圓係以 每 20 °進行區隔，因此，最外側之圓相當於傾斜角度 8 0°。此外，第1 1圖（B )中，省略了第3圖、第5圖、 第6圖、第8圖、以及第1 0圖之（B )中所描繪之外側之 封閉曲線（單色光軌跡）。由第1 1圖之模擬結果可確認 到，即使利用如上所述之三次元配向之保護薄膜，視角所 # 導致之亮度變化及色位移皆較少。 * [實施例5] 、 針對第二偏光板之三次元配向保護薄膜之延遲軸以平 行於聚乙烯醇-碘系偏光片之吸收軸之方式配置以外，其 餘與實施例4相同之液晶顯示裝置，實施與實施例4相同 之模擬。本模擬所使用之液晶顯示裝置之層構成及軸關 係，基本上，與第4圖（實施例2 )相同，只有構成第二 偏光板20之液晶單元側保護層22不同。計算全方位之黑 -24- (22) (22)200809326 亮度之結果如第1 2圖（A )所示，此外，從法線之傾斜角 度固定爲60°，黑顯示（未對液晶單元施加電壓）時之方 位角從〇°旋轉至3 60°時之色變化之模擬結果如第12圖 (B)所示。該等圖之表示形式與第11圖相同。由第12 圖之模擬結果可以確認，即使三次元配向之保護薄膜之延 遲軸平行於第二偏光板之吸收軸，視角所導致之亮度變化 及色位移皆較少。 以上之實施例1〜3、比較例1及2、以及實施例4及 5之層構成及軸角度之關係匯整於表1。 [表1] 實施例 1 實施例 2 實施例 3 比較例 1 比較例 2 實施例 4 實施例 5 前面側第一偏光板 單元側保護層R〇 2nm 2ran 2ran 2nm 3nm 2nm 2nm // Rth Onm Onm Onm Oran 50nm Onm Onm 背面側相位差板R〇 — — — — 180nm — — Nz — — — — 0.3 — — 相對於偏光子吸 收軸之延遲軸 垂直相交 背面第二偏光板 單元側保護側R〇 280nm 280nm 25 Onm 2nm 3nm 290nm 290nm Rth — — — Onm 50nm 一 — Nz 0.4 0.4 0.4 (0.5)* (17.2)* 0.5 0.5 相對於偏光子吸 收軸之延遲軸 垂直相交 平行 平行 垂直相交 垂直相交 平行 結果圖 第3圖 第5圖 第6圖 第8圖 第10圖第11圖第12圖 *Nz之（）內係利用NZ = Rth/R〇 + 0.5計算所得之値 -25 - (23) (23)200809326 【圖式簡單說明】 第1圖係本發明之液晶顯示裝置之實例，（A )係層 構成之槪略縱剖面模式圖，（B)係說明軸關係之斜視 圖。 第2圖係實施例1所製作之液晶顯示裝置之層構成及 軸關係之斜視圖。 第3圖係實施例1所製作之液晶顯示裝置之評估結 果，（A )係未施加電壓之黑顯示狀態之亮度分佈圖， (B )係黑顯示時以傾斜角60°改變方位角時之色變化之 X、y色度圖。 第4圖係實施例2所製作之液晶顯示裝置之層構成及 軸關係之斜視圖。 第5圖係實施例2所製作之液晶顯示裝置之評估結 果，（A )係未施加電壓之黑顯示狀態之亮度分佈圖， (B)係黑顯示時以傾斜角60°改變方位角時之色變化之 X、y色度圖。 第6圖係實施例3所製作之液晶顯示裝置之評估結 果，（A )係未施加電壓之黑顯示狀態之亮度分佈圖， (B )係黑顯示時以傾斜角60°改變方位角時之色變化之 X、y色度圖。 第7圖係比較例1所製作之液晶顯示裝置之層構成及 軸關係之斜視圖。 第8圖係比較例1所製作之液晶顯示裝置之評估結 果，（A )係未施加電壓之黑顯示狀態之亮度分佈圖， -26- 200809326 (24) (B )係黑顯示時以傾斜角60°改變方位角時之色變化之 X、y色度圖。 第9圖係比較例2所製作之液晶顯示裝置之層構成及 軸關係之斜視圖。 ^ 第1 〇圖係比較例2所製作之液晶顯示裝置之評估結 B 果，（A)係未施加電壓之黑顯τκ狀態之亮度分佈圖， (B )係黑顯示時以傾斜角60°改變方位角時之色變化之 φ X、y色度圖。 第1 1圖係實施例4之模擬結果，（A )係未施加電壓 之黑顯示狀態之亮度分佈圖，（B )係黑顯示時以傾斜角 6 0°改變方位角時之色變化之X、y色度圖。 第1 2圖係實施例5之模擬結果，（A )係未施加電壓 之黑顯不狀_之売度分佈圖’ （B )係黑顯不時以傾斜角 60°改變方位角時之色變化之X、y色度圖。 # 【主要元件符號說明】 1 〇 :第一偏光板 • 11 :偏光片 、 1 2 :基板側之透明保護層 1 3 :透明保護層 15:第一偏光板之吸收軸 20 :第二偏光板 21 :偏光片 22 :基板側之透明保護層 27- 200809326 (25) 23 :透明保護層 25 :第二偏光板之吸收軸 26 :基板側透明保護層之延遲軸 30 : IPS模式液晶單元 β 31、32 :液晶單元基板 ， 3 3 :液晶層 3 5 :液晶分子之長軸方向 _ 40 :相位差板 45 :相位差板之延遲軸R (650 nm) / R (550 nm) = 1.00. The detection wavelength is within the arcing. The ternary alignment transparent resin film is bonded to one side of the polarizer for iodine adsorption alignment on the polyvinyl alcohol film, and the polyvinyl alcohol-based adhesive is applied to the other side via a polyvinyl alcohol-based adhesive. A linear protective film was produced by laminating a transparent protective film made of triacetyl cellulose. At this time, the in-plane retardation axis of the ternary alignment resin film is disposed so as to vertically intersect the absorption axis of the polyvinyl alcohol-iodine-based polarizer. Think of it as the second polarizer. (c) The production and evaluation of the liquid crystal display device in the IPS mode liquid crystal cell (W000 7000" manufactured by Hitachi, Ltd.) on the front side (viewing side), using the acrylic pressure sensitive side on the side of the non-alignment protective film Next, the first polarizing plate is bonded to the back surface side (light incident side), and the second polarizing plate is bonded to the resin film side by a three-dimensional element, and the second polarizing plate is bonded to the second polarizing plate by an acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive to produce a liquid crystal display -17-( 15) 200809326 Installation. At this time, the first unevenness axis disposed on the front side (viewing side) and the second polarizing plate disposed on the back side (light incident side) are perpendicularly intersected, and the absorption axis of the first polarizing plate and the liquid crystal crystal molecule The alignment direction of the liquid crystal display device produced when no voltage (black display) is applied, and the axial relationship of the liquid crystal display device produced; The arrangement of the figure is such that the retardation axis 26 constituting the second polarizing unit substrate-side transparent protective layer 22 and the direction of the absorption axis 25 of the vertical polarizer 21 are fixed only in Fig. 1(B). The backlight is turned on from the back surface of the liquid crystal display device, and the brightness change and the color change of the respective viewing angles in the black display state in which the voltage is not applied are detected by the liquid crystal viewing angle detecting device "EZ Contrast" manufactured by ELDIM Co., Ltd., and the result is detected. Figure 3, Figure 3 (A) is the brightness distribution of this state, the screen 〇 °, with a semi-clockwise rotation to positive to indicate the azimuth (from 0 ° to stop, expressed in every 45 ° number), In addition, the horizontal axis is "20", ..., "7 0", which represents the inclination of the normal angle of each of the corners. For example, the right end of the circle represents a degree of azimuth of 0° and inclination of 80°. The gray level on the right side indicates the brightness, and the darker the color (black), the light leaks. The lighter the color (white), the brighter it is (there is light leakage). The representation of the degree map is also the same. The liquid crystal display device exemplified by Fig. 3(A) has less variation in luminance. Fig. 3(B) is a X, y chromaticity diagram detected in this example to indicate the change in color of the view. The closed curve on the outside is parallel to the liquid in the absorption axis unit of the suction plate. This intersection of the second panel 20 is different from the chromaticity characteristic D of the single viewing angle of the liquid crystal. The right direction is "1 5. For "10", oblique angle, the direction of the light is darker (no light is confirmed below, this corner is caused by the single light -18- (16) (16) 200809326 color light stimuli 单色 单色 monochromatic light trajectory, right end x The maximum point wavelength is 780 nm, and the maximum point of the upper y is near 520 nm. In addition, the minimum point of the lower left y corresponds to the wavelength of 380 nm. (x = 0.33, y = 0.33) is equivalent to white, and the outer closed curve The lower right side is red, the upper side is green, and the lower left side is blue. The inner closed curve is the actual detection data, and the inclination angle from the normal is fixed at 60°, indicating black display (no voltage is applied to the liquid crystal cell) The azimuth rotates from 0° to 36 (the chromaticity trajectory of Γ, the smaller the area of the closed curve, the smaller the color displacement caused by the viewing angle. The following x and y chromaticity diagrams are represented in the same way. It can be confirmed from Fig. 3(B) that the color shift caused by the viewing angle of the liquid crystal display device of this example is small. [Example 2] In addition to the retardation axis of the three-dimensional alignment resin film constituting the second polarizing plate Vinyl alcohol-iodine-based polarizer The liquid crystal display device was produced in the same manner as in the first embodiment except that the axes were arranged in parallel. The layer configuration and the axial relationship of the liquid crystal display device produced here are shown in a perspective view of the pattern of Fig. 4. In the arrangement, the retardation axis 26 of the liquid crystal cell side transparent protective layer 22 constituting the second polarizing plate 20 is fixed in the direction parallel to the absorption axis 25 of the polarizer 21, and this point is different from the first figure (B). The evaluation result of this example is the same as that of Fig. 3, as shown in Fig. 5. Only in Fig. 5(A), the angle of inclination from the normal direction is shown to be close to 90°. It is confirmed that the brightness change and the color shift caused by the viewing angle of the liquid crystal display device of this example are small. -19- (17) 200809326 [Embodiment 3] (a) The first polarizing plate is the same as (a) of the embodiment 1. 'The linear polarizing plate is used as the first polarizing plate. (b) The second polarizing plate φ The thickness of the norbornene-based resin film is aligned based on the method described in the above Patent Document 6, and RQ = 250 nm and Nz = A three-dimensionally oriented transparent resin film of 0.4. The wavelength dispersion of the phase difference of the obtained transparent resin film was the same as that obtained in (b) of Example 1. The detection wavelength was within the arcing. On the side of one of the polarizers which carried out the adsorption alignment of iodine on the polyvinyl alcohol film, The ternary-aligned transparent resin film produced above is bonded with a polyvinyl alcohol-based adhesive, and a transparent protective film made of triethyl fluorene cellulose is attached to the other surface via a polyvinyl alcohol-based adhesive. A linear polarizing plate was produced. At this time, the in-plane retardation axis of the three-dimensional alignment resin film was disposed so as to be perpendicular to the absorption axis of the polyvinyl alcohol-iodine-based polarizer. Take it as - make a second polarizer. (c) The production and evaluation of the liquid crystal display device in the IPS mode liquid crystal cell (manufactured by Hitachi, Ltd.) "WOOO 9000") before the side (viewing side), with the non-alignment protective film side, using acrylic pressure The first polarizing plate is bonded to the first polarizing plate, -20-200809326 (18) on the back side (light incident side), and the third polarizing film is attached to the resin film side, and the second polarizing plate is bonded by an acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive. , making a liquid crystal display device. At this time, the absorption axis of the first polarizing plate disposed on the front side (viewing side) and the absorption axis of the second polarizing plate disposed on the back side (light incident side) are perpendicularly intersected, and the first polarizing plate is In the absorption axis and in the liquid crystal cell, the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules is parallel when the voltage is not applied (black display). Here, the layer configuration and the axial relationship of the liquid crystal display device produced are the same as those shown in the fourth φ diagram (Example 2), except that the liquid crystal cell 30 is changed from "W000 7000" used in the second embodiment. The new type "WOO 0 9000" manufactured by Hitachi, Ltd. differs from the second embodiment only in that the in-plane phase difference R 构成 of the unit substrate-side transparent protective layer 22 constituting the second polarizing plate 20 is 25 Onm. The liquid crystal display device was evaluated in the same manner as in the first embodiment. The result is shown in Fig. 6 in the same manner as in Fig. 3. It can be confirmed from Fig. 6 that the brightness change and the color shift caused by the viewing angle of the liquid crystal display device of this example are also small. [Comparative Example 1] - The transparent protective film on the liquid crystal cell substrate side of the second polarizing plate was changed to the unaligned cellulosic resin which was the same as that of the first polarizing plate of Example 1. A liquid crystal display device was produced and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1 except for the transparent protective film "Z-TAC". The layer configuration and the axial relationship of the liquid crystal display device produced here are as shown in the oblique view of the mode of Fig. 7. The arrangement shown in the figure constitutes the second polarized light-21 - 200809326 (19) The liquid crystal cell side transparent protective layer 22 of the board 20 is an unaligned transparent protective film, and this point is different from the embodiment 1 shown in FIG. . Further, the evaluation result of this example is the same as that of Fig. 3 and as shown in Fig. 8. It can be confirmed from Fig. 8 that although the color shift of the liquid crystal display device of this example is small, the change in luminance is large. [Comparative Example 2] The thickness of the polycarbonate film was aligned based on the method described in the above Patent Document 6, and a phase difference plate of a three-dimensional alignment of R 〇 = 180 nm and Νζ = 0.3 was produced. For the obtained phase difference plate, the wavelength dispersion of the phase difference was detected to obtain R (450 nm) / R (550 nm) = 1.06 > ^ 65011111) / 1 (55 011111) = 0.960 The detection wavelength of the scratch arc. The transparent protective film on the liquid crystal cell substrate side of the first polarizing plate and the transparent protective film on the liquid crystal cell substrate side of the second polarizing plate are respectively changed to a general transparent protective film made of cellulose resin (Fuji FILM Co., Ltd., 'TD80UL', R〇=3nm, Rth=50nm), and the three-dimensional alignment produced above is perpendicularly intersected by the absorption axis of the second polarizing plate and the retardation axis of the phase difference plate. The liquid crystal display device was produced and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the phase difference plate was disposed between the second polarizing plate and the liquid crystal cell substrate. The layer structure of the liquid crystal display device of -22 - (20) 200809326 was prepared here. And the axial relationship is shown in a perspective view of the mode of Fig. 9. The arrangement of the figure is a transparent protective film on the liquid crystal cell substrate side of the first polarizing plate 1 相比 compared with the configuration of the first embodiment (Fig. 2). And the transparent protective film 22 on the liquid crystal cell substrate side of the second polarizing plate is Rth = 50 nm, and a phase difference plate 40 is disposed between the second polarizing plate 20 and the liquid crystal cell 30. The retardation axis 45 is perpendicular to the absorption axis 25 of the second polarizing plate 20, which is different. The evaluation result of this example is the same as that of Fig. 3 and is shown in Fig. 10. It can be confirmed that the liquid crystal display device of this example has a small color shift due to the viewing angle, however, the brightness changes greatly, and in particular, it is found that the azimuth angle is 45°-225° and the brightness in the 135°-225° direction is lowered. Example 4] Based on the description of Patent Document 7, the wavelength dispersion of the phase difference can be made R (450 nm) / R (550 nm) = 0.82, * R (650 nm) / R (550 nm) The polymer film of =1. 1 8 is the internal detection wavelength of the arcing. Based on the method described in the above Patent Document 6, the thickness alignment of the film having the above-described wavelength dispersion property is performed, and R 〇 = 290 nm and Nz = 0.5 can be obtained. a three-dimensionally-oriented transparent resin film. In addition to the transparent resin thin film -23-200809326 (21) film having the above-mentioned characteristics of the three-dimensional alignment, the liquid crystal cell side transparent protective film of the second polarizing plate of the first embodiment is used. The remaining liquid crystal display device having the same configuration as that of the first embodiment is utilized. The optical brightness of the 2X2 matrix is used to calculate the black brightness of the omnidirectional. In addition, the angle of inclination from the normal is fixed at 60°, and the azimuth angle is 0° when the black display is displayed (the voltage is not applied to the liquid crystal cell). The color change B at 3 60 °. The result of the former is shown in Fig. 11 (A), and the result of the latter is shown in Fig. 1 (B). The layer structure of the liquid crystal display device used in the simulation is φ The axial relationship is basically the same as that of the second embodiment (Example 1), and only the liquid crystal cell side protective layer 22 constituting the second polarizing plate 20 is different. Further, in Fig. 1(A), the concentric circles for indicating the inclination angle from the normal line are spaced every 20°, and therefore, the outermost circle corresponds to the inclination angle of 80°. In addition, in FIG. 1(B), the closed curve on the outer side depicted in the third, fifth, sixth, eighth, and tenth (B) is omitted (monochromatic light) Track). From the simulation results of Fig. 1, it was confirmed that even with the three-dimensionally-oriented protective film as described above, the change in luminance and the color shift caused by the angle of view # are small. [Example 5] The same liquid crystal display device as in Example 4 except that the retardation axis of the ternary alignment protective film of the second polarizing plate was arranged in parallel with the absorption axis of the polyvinyl alcohol-iodine-based polarizer. The same simulation as in Example 4 was carried out. The layer configuration and the axial relationship of the liquid crystal display device used in the present simulation are basically the same as those in Fig. 4 (Embodiment 2), and only the liquid crystal cell side protective layer 22 constituting the second polarizing plate 20 is different. Calculate the all-round black-24- (22) (22)200809326 The result of the brightness is as shown in Figure 12 (A), in addition, the angle of inclination from the normal is fixed at 60 °, black display (not applied to the liquid crystal cell The simulation result of the color change when the azimuth angle of the voltage is rotated from 〇° to 3 60° is shown in Fig. 12(B). The representations of the figures are the same as in Figure 11. From the simulation results of Fig. 12, it was confirmed that even if the retardation axis of the three-dimensionally-aligned protective film was parallel to the absorption axis of the second polarizing plate, the luminance change and the color shift caused by the viewing angle were small. The relationship between the layer configurations and the axial angles of the above Examples 1 to 3, Comparative Examples 1 and 2, and Examples 4 and 5 is summarized in Table 1. [Table 1] Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 2 Example 4 Example 5 Front side first polarizing plate unit side protective layer R〇2nm 2ran 2ran 2nm 3nm 2nm 2nm // Rth Onm Onm Onm Oran 50nm Onm Onm Back side phase difference plate R〇— — — 180nm — — Nz — — — — 0.3 — — The retardation axis with respect to the polarization sub-absorption axis intersects perpendicularly on the back side Second polarizer unit side Protection side R〇280nm 280nm 25 Onm 2nm 3nm 290nm 290nm Rth — — — Onm 50nm — Nz 0.4 0.4 0.4 (0.5)* (17.2)* 0.5 0.5 The retardation axis with respect to the polarization absorption axis is perpendicular to the intersection parallel parallel perpendicular intersection perpendicular intersection parallel result diagram 3 Figure 5 Figure 6 Figure 8 Figure 10 Figure 11 Figure 12 *Nz () is calculated using NZ = Rth / R 〇 + 0.5 値 -25 (23) (23) 200809326 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is an example of a liquid crystal display device of the present invention, (A) is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of a layer structure, and (B) is a perspective view showing an axial relationship. Fig. 2 is a perspective view showing the layer configuration and the axial relationship of the liquid crystal display device produced in the first embodiment. Fig. 3 is a result of evaluation of the liquid crystal display device produced in the first embodiment, (A) is a luminance distribution map in a black display state in which no voltage is applied, and (B) is a black display when the azimuth angle is changed at an inclination angle of 60°. X, y chromaticity diagram of color change. Fig. 4 is a perspective view showing the layer configuration and the axial relationship of the liquid crystal display device produced in the second embodiment. Fig. 5 is a result of evaluation of the liquid crystal display device produced in the second embodiment, (A) is a luminance distribution map in a black display state in which no voltage is applied, and (B) is a black display when the azimuth angle is changed at an inclination angle of 60°. X, y chromaticity diagram of color change. Fig. 6 is a view showing evaluation results of the liquid crystal display device produced in the third embodiment, (A) is a luminance distribution map in a black display state in which no voltage is applied, and (B) is a black display when the azimuth angle is changed at an inclination angle of 60°. X, y chromaticity diagram of color change. Fig. 7 is a perspective view showing the layer configuration and the axial relationship of the liquid crystal display device produced in Comparative Example 1. Fig. 8 is an evaluation result of the liquid crystal display device produced in Comparative Example 1, (A) is a luminance distribution map in a black display state in which no voltage is applied, -26-200809326 (24) (B) is a tilt angle at the time of black display The X, y chromaticity diagram of the color change at 60° when changing the azimuth. Fig. 9 is a perspective view showing the layer configuration and the axial relationship of the liquid crystal display device produced in Comparative Example 2. ^ The first diagram is an evaluation result of the liquid crystal display device produced in Comparative Example 2, (A) is a luminance distribution map of a black τκ state in which no voltage is applied, and (B) is a tilt angle of 60° in black display. The φ X, y chromaticity diagram of the color change when changing the azimuth. Fig. 1 is a simulation result of the embodiment 4, (A) is a luminance distribution diagram of a black display state in which no voltage is applied, and (B) is a color change when the azimuth angle is changed by a tilt angle of 60° in the black display. , y chromaticity diagram. Fig. 1 is a simulation result of the embodiment 5, (A) is a black distribution of no voltage applied _ the degree distribution map (B) is a black color when the azimuth is changed at an inclination angle of 60° X, y chromaticity diagram of the change. # [Main component symbol description] 1 〇: first polarizer • 11: polarizer, 1 2 : transparent protective layer on the substrate side 1 3 : transparent protective layer 15: absorption axis 20 of the first polarizer: second polarizer 21: polarizer 22: transparent protective layer 27-200809326 (25) 23: transparent protective layer 25: absorption axis 26 of the second polarizing plate: retardation axis 30 of the substrate-side transparent protective layer: IPS mode liquid crystal cell β 31 32: liquid crystal cell substrate, 3 3 : liquid crystal layer 3 5 : long axis direction of liquid crystal molecules _ 40 : phase difference plate 45 : retardation axis of phase difference plate
-28--28-