200807452 (1) 九、發明說明 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於在線狀導體的外周’製造粉碎天然雲母 及合成雲母所得之雲母磷片而形成的層壓雲母部，設置纒 繞以黏著劑貼合補強材質所構成之高耐電壓層壓雲母捲帶 •的耐火絕緣層；且在該耐火絕緣層之外周，設置一般絕緣 層及護皮層而成之耐火電線。 【先前技術】 耐火電線係被使用在建築物等之消防用緊急電源設備 ，根據日本消防局公告第7號等所訂定之內容，於特定之 重量下，一邊施加AC600V於彎曲低壓纜線4次後而回復 爲直線狀者，而依照JISA1 304(建築物之不可燃構造部分 的防火實驗方法）所訂定之屋內火災溫度曲線，加熱爐於 30分鐘內從常溫加溫至840°C，在此之間須保持0.4ΜΩ以 φ 上之絕緣電阻，且在加熱後必須保持可承受AC 1 500V 1分 鐘之耐電壓。 以往係爲了滿足上述之要求，而以如同第1圖（b)所示 之貼合層壓雲母及補強材質而成之層壓雲母捲帶作爲耐火 ' 絕緣層來使用。 即’在第1圖（b)中，1係由製造粉碎天然雲母及合成 雲母所得之雲母磷片而形成的層壓雲母，其構成爲在該層 壓雲母之下面，藉由黏著劑之矽氧樹脂貼合補強材質2之 玻璃布或聚乙嫌薄膜（Polyethylene film)而成。 200807452 (2) 層壓雲母捲帶係由層壓雲母及補強材質所形成。層壓 雲母係使用硬質雲母、軟質雲母或合成雲母，而將此細微 地粉碎，再將其水及雲母之混合水連續地過濾及乾燥者。 補強材質係由玻璃布、聚乙烯薄膜、聚丙烯薄膜 (Polypropylene film)、聚酯薄膜（Polyester film)、聚酯不 織布、聚醯亞胺薄膜（Polyimide film)、或聚對萘二甲酸乙 二酯（Polyethylene Naphtahalate，PEN)薄膜（以下，略 φ 稱爲「補強材質」）所構成。層壓雲母及補強材質係藉由 砂氧樹脂（silicone resin)或環氧樹脂（epoxy resin)來黏著 〇 層壓雲母捲帶係具有耐熱性及電氣絕緣性之優良特徵 。藉由將層壓雲母捲帶纏繞或包覆（以下，略稱爲「綑紮 (taping)」)導體部，而可賦予其耐熱性及電氣絕緣性。 以往爲了滿足所被要求之電氣絕緣性及耐電壓特性， 而有將層壓雲母捲帶綑紮多次之必要。 【發明內容】 〔發明所欲解決之課題〕 針對形成耐火電線之耐火絕緣層的層壓雲母捲帶，擔 任電氣絕緣之構成要素係爲層壓雲母及補強材質。耐火電 線必須具有840°C之耐電壓特性，於該溫度的環境下，補 強材質會因爲分解、燒毀而無法保持電氣絕緣性。因此， 對導體部之電氣絕緣大部分係取決於層壓雲母的性能。所 200807452 (3) 以，以提供貼合2層以上之複數層層壓雲母層而可提高每 單位厚度之耐電壓特性的高耐電壓層壓雲母捲帶使用於耐 火絕緣層之耐火電線爲目的。 導體部之電氣絕緣係爲了滿足各製品所要求之耐電壓 而設計。即，在導體部重複綑紮數層層壓雲母捲帶直至滿 足其所要求之耐電壓。因此因爲綑紮次數增加，相對的作 業時間也會增加。又，無法賦予在8 40°C之溫度環境下所 φ 要求之電氣絕緣性的補強材質亦纒繞數次，而必定會形成 多餘之絕緣厚度。又，在高溫下，補強材質會燒毀而產生 對電氣有害的碳。 藉由使用提高耐電壓特性之高耐電壓層壓雲母捲帶， 而以提供將減少所要求之對導體部絕緣的必要厚度及綑紮 次數，同時，亦提高高溫時之電氣絕緣特性的高耐電壓層 壓雲母捲帶作爲耐火絕緣層來使用之耐火電線爲目的。 導體部之耐火絕緣層係由層壓雲母、補強材質、及樹 φ 脂所構成。因爲在製品使用環境下導體部係於高溫下，因 此提供其電氣絕緣特性之主要構成因素係爲層壓雲母。藉 由使用提高耐電壓特性之高耐電壓層壓雲母捲帶而減少對 導體部之綑紮次數，因而可減少電氣絕緣層內之補強材質 量。即，以使用藉由減少導體部之耐火絕緣層的補強材質 量而爲薄厚度之耐火絕緣層、因而可提高耐熱特性之高耐 電壓層壓雲母捲帶之耐火電線的提供爲目的。 〔用以解決課題之手段〕 200807452 (4) 本發明之耐火電線，係使用爲以電氣絕緣爲目的而纏 繞或包覆導體部之絕緣材料，而具優良耐電壓及耐熱性之 高耐電壓層壓雲母捲帶。 然後，本發明中所使用之上述高耐電壓層壓雲母捲帶 之層壓雲母，其特徵爲：爲了賦予其高耐電壓特性，而由 • 2層以上之複數層壓雲母層所構成。 針封以本發明中所使用之上述高耐電壓層壓雲母捲帶 φ 纒繞或包覆導體部之步驟，其特徵爲：藉由其高耐電壓特 性而可減少纒繞次數或/及包覆數。 於本發明中，其特徵爲：可減低絕緣賦予導體之耐火 絕緣層所佔之補強材質的比率而提高耐熱特性。 作爲本發明之上述高耐電壓層壓雲母捲帶的層壓雲母 ，其特徵爲：以使用硬質無燒成層壓雲母、硬質燒成層壓 雲母、軟質層壓雲母、及合成層壓雲母之層壓雲母捲帶作 爲耐火絕緣層。 φ 作爲本發明之上述高耐電壓層壓雲母捲帶的補強材質 ，其特徵爲：以使用玻璃布、聚乙烯薄膜、聚丙烯薄膜、 聚酯薄膜、聚酯不織布、聚醯亞胺薄膜、或聚對萘二甲酸 乙二酯 （PEN)薄膜之層壓雲母捲帶作爲耐火絕緣層。 〔發明效果〕 第3圖係測量1層層壓雲母之擊穿電壓，再對照換算 爲平均厚度0.1mm之層壓雲母的擊穿電壓與層壓雲母之厚 度的關係圖。雲母原礦係使用硬質雲母及軟質雲母。藉由 -8- 200807452 (5) 第3圖可得知，層壓雲母之厚度越薄，則平均厚度0.1mm 之層壓雲母的撃穿電壓係越呈上昇傾向。即，一顆0.1mm 之層壓雲母及2顆0.05mm之層壓雲母的厚度同樣皆爲 0.1mm，但是針對撃穿電壓來說，則以後者佔優勢。 第4圖係表示以厚度0.025mm之聚乙烯薄膜作爲補強 •材質，貼合厚度〇.155mm之層壓雲母而成之層壓雲母捲帶 的室溫及在840°C下的撃穿電壓。將1層層壓雲母之撃穿 I 電壓視爲1 〇 〇 %，而與2層層壓雲母之擊穿電壓比較。藉 由第4圖，比較2層層壓雲母和1層層壓雲母之高耐電壓 層壓雲母捲帶，在室溫下相差爲10%、而在84(TC下爲 25 %之擊穿電壓，即，可得知耐電壓特性之提高。 爲了耐火電線之導體部的絕緣，而有將1層層壓雲母 之層壓雲母捲帶，例如必須綑紮5層時，若使用上述之在 8 4 0°C下可提高25%耐電壓特性的2層層壓雲母之高耐電 壓層壓雲母捲帶，而綑紮4層的話，可確保所要求之導體 φ 部的電氣絕緣。即，貼合複數層層壓雲母之高耐電壓層壓 雲母捲帶係具有優越的耐電壓特性，而可減少綑紮次數。 又，可將絕緣厚度減少20%。 藉由貼合複數層層壓雲母，而可減少對導體部之綑紮 ' 次數，且可減少耐火絕緣層內之補強材質量。即，藉由減 少耐火絕緣層之補強材質量而可提高耐熱特性。 若以作爲該貼合複數層之層壓雲母之厚度的話，以 0.01mm以上爲佳；依據高耐電壓層壓雲母之纏繞次數， 導體之直徑的厚度厚一點亦可。 -9- 200807452 (6) 【實施方式】 以下’關於對爲本發明之一實施形態的高耐電壓層壓 雲母捲帶之導體部的纏繞方法加以說明。高耐電壓層壓雲 母捲帶之構成係表示於第1圖（a)。層壓雲母1係由2層以 上之複數層而成’藉由補強材質及黏著劑而被貼合。層壓 雲母內係以黏著劑含浸。雲母原礦係爲硬質雲母、軟質雲 母、或合成雲母；補強材質係爲玻璃布、聚乙烯薄膜、聚 φ 丙烯薄膜、聚酯薄膜、聚酯不織布；聚醯亞胺薄膜、或聚 對萘二甲酸乙二酯（PEN)薄膜。黏著劑係爲矽氧樹脂或 環氧樹脂。 將該高耐電壓層壓雲母捲帶作爲導體部之耐火絕緣層 來使用。導體部係以如同銅材質之電阻爲極低的金屬素材 爲佳。作爲對該導體部之高耐電壓層壓雲母捲帶的綑紮形 式，係有如同第2圖（a)所示之纏繞方式及如同第2圖（b) 所示之包覆方式。纏繞方式，係對導體以將高耐電壓層壓 • 雲母捲帶3重疊相對於捲帶帳度例如約1 /2之方式而綑紮 。包覆方式，係將導體部4，在高耐電壓層壓雲母捲帶3 之幅度方向以包覆之方式綑紮。兩者皆在滿足所要求之耐 電壓特性之前，在已綑紮之外層再纏繞層壓雲母捲帶。 〔實施例〕 製造上述本發明之第5圖之耐火電線，須將第1圖（a) 之高耐電壓層壓雲母捲帶對導體部4以如同第2圖（&)所示 之纒繞方式隔1 /2距離綑紮1次，而形成耐火絕緣層5， -10- 200807452 (7) 在其外周設置聚乙烯之一般絕緣層6，再在其外周設置護 皮層7。 但是，可確認如同以上而構成之上述實施例的耐火電 線，係一邊在加熱爐施加AC600V，而依照A1 304(建築物 之不可燃構造部分的防火實驗方法）所訂定之屋內火災溫 > 度曲線，於30分鐘內從常溫加溫至84 0°C，在此之間須保 持0·4ΜΩ以上之絕緣電阻，且在加熱後可承受ACi5〇OV φ 1分鐘之耐電壓。 【圖式簡單說明】 第1圖（a)係表示本發明實施形態之高耐電壓層壓雲母 捲帶，貼合2層層壓雲母之例；（b)係表示以往之實施形態 的層壓雲母捲帶。 第2圖係表示本發明實施形態之對導體部之高耐電壓 層壓雲母捲帶的綑紮形式。第2圖（a)係纏繞方式、第2圖 φ (b)係包覆方式。 第3圖係層壓雲母厚度及平均單位厚度之擊穿電壓之 關係的圖表。 第4圖係同一厚度之層壓雲母層數及撃穿電壓比率之 ' 關係的圖表。 第5圖係表示根據本發明實施例之耐火電線之構成的 剖面圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 -11 - 200807452 (8) 1 :層壓雲母 2 :補強材質 3 :高耐電壓層壓雲母捲帶 4 :導體部 5 :耐火絕緣層 • 6 : —般絕緣層 7 :護皮層200807452 (1) EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION [Technical Field] The present invention relates to a laminated mica formed by manufacturing a mica phosphor sheet obtained by pulverizing natural mica and synthetic mica on the outer circumference of a linear conductor, and is provided with a wrap to adhere A refractory insulating layer of a high-voltage laminated mica tape composed of a reinforcing material; and a fire-resistant wire formed by a general insulating layer and a sheath layer on the outer periphery of the refractory insulating layer. [Prior Art] The fire-resistant electric wire is used in fire emergency power supply equipment for buildings, etc., according to the contents of the Japanese Fire Bureau Announcement No. 7, etc., applying AC600V to the bent low-voltage cable 4 times under a specific weight. Then return to the linear shape, and according to the fire temperature curve of the house set by JISA1 304 (fireproof test method of the non-combustible structure part of the building), the heating furnace is heated from normal temperature to 840 ° C in 30 minutes. The insulation resistance of 0.4 Ω to φ must be maintained between them and must be maintained to withstand AC 1 500V for 1 minute withstand voltage after heating. Conventionally, in order to satisfy the above requirements, a laminated mica tape having a laminated laminated mica and a reinforcing material as shown in Fig. 1(b) is used as a fire-resistant insulating layer. That is, in Fig. 1(b), 1 is a laminated mica formed by producing a mica phosphor sheet obtained by pulverizing natural mica and synthetic mica, and is constituted by an adhesive under the laminated mica. Oxygen resin is laminated with a glass cloth or a polyethylene film. 200807452 (2) Laminated mica tape is formed from laminated mica and reinforcing materials. The laminated mica uses hard mica, soft mica or synthetic mica, and this is finely pulverized, and the water and mica mixed water are continuously filtered and dried. The reinforcing material is made of glass cloth, polyethylene film, Polypropylene film, Polyester film, polyester non-woven fabric, Polyimide film, or polyethylene naphthalate. (Polyethylene Naphtahalate, PEN) film (hereinafter, φ is called "reinforcing material"). The laminated mica and the reinforcing material are adhered by a silicone resin or an epoxy resin. The laminated mica tape is excellent in heat resistance and electrical insulation. By laminating or coating the laminated mica tape (hereinafter, abbreviated as "taping") the conductor portion, heat resistance and electrical insulation properties can be imparted. In the past, in order to satisfy the required electrical insulation and withstand voltage characteristics, it is necessary to bundle the laminated mica tape many times. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION [Problems to be Solved by the Invention] The laminated mica tape for forming a refractory insulating layer of a fire-resistant electric wire is a laminated mica and a reinforcing material. The refractory wire must have a withstand voltage characteristic of 840 °C. Under this temperature, the reinforcing material cannot be electrically insulated due to decomposition and burning. Therefore, most of the electrical insulation of the conductor portion depends on the properties of the laminated mica. 200807452 (3) A high-voltage laminated mica tape with a multi-layer laminated mica layer bonded to two or more layers to improve the withstand voltage characteristics per unit thickness is used for the fire-resistant wire of the refractory insulating layer. . The electrical insulation of the conductor portion is designed to meet the withstand voltage required for each product. That is, the plurality of laminated mica tapes are repeatedly bundled in the conductor portion until the required withstand voltage is satisfied. Therefore, as the number of strapping increases, the relative working time also increases. Further, the reinforcing material which is incapable of imparting electrical insulation required by φ in a temperature environment of 8 40 ° C is also wound several times, and an excessive insulation thickness is necessarily formed. Also, at high temperatures, the reinforcing material burns and produces carbon that is harmful to electricity. By using a high withstand voltage laminated mica tape which improves the withstand voltage characteristics, it is possible to provide a necessary voltage and the number of times of bundling which will reduce the required insulation of the conductor portion, and at the same time, a high withstand voltage for improving the electrical insulation property at a high temperature. The laminated mica tape is intended to be used as a refractory wire for refractory insulation. The refractory insulating layer of the conductor portion is composed of laminated mica, a reinforcing material, and a tree φ grease. Since the conductor portion is exposed to high temperatures in the use environment of the product, the main component of providing electrical insulation properties is laminated mica. By using a high-voltage laminated mica tape which improves the withstand voltage characteristics, the number of times of binding to the conductor portion is reduced, so that the amount of reinforcing material in the electrical insulating layer can be reduced. In other words, the use of a fire-resistant electric wire of a high-voltage laminated mica tape which can improve heat resistance by using a refractory insulating layer having a reduced thickness of the refractory insulating layer of the conductor portion is used. [Means for Solving the Problem] 200807452 (4) The fire-resistant electric wire of the present invention is a high-voltage-resistant layer which is excellent in withstand voltage and heat resistance by using an insulating material which is wound or coated with a conductor portion for the purpose of electrical insulation. Pressure mica tape. Then, the laminated mica of the above high-voltage laminated mica tape used in the present invention is characterized in that it is composed of a plurality of laminated mica layers of two or more layers in order to impart high withstand voltage characteristics. The step of sealing or covering the conductor portion with the above-mentioned high withstand voltage laminated mica tape φ used in the present invention is characterized in that the number of windings or/and the package can be reduced by virtue of its high withstand voltage characteristics. Over the top. In the present invention, it is characterized in that the ratio of the reinforcing material occupied by the refractory insulating layer of the insulating imparting conductor can be reduced to improve the heat resistance. The laminated mica of the above high-voltage laminated mica tape of the present invention is characterized by using a hard non-fired laminated mica, a hard-fired laminated mica, a soft laminated mica, and a synthetic laminated mica. The laminated mica tape is used as a refractory insulation layer. φ is a reinforcing material for the above-mentioned high-voltage laminated mica tape of the present invention, which is characterized by using a glass cloth, a polyethylene film, a polypropylene film, a polyester film, a polyester nonwoven fabric, a polyimide film, or A laminated mica tape of a polyethylene naphthalate (PEN) film is used as a refractory insulating layer. [Effect of the Invention] Fig. 3 is a graph showing the breakdown voltage of a laminated mica of one layer, and the relationship between the breakdown voltage of laminated mica converted to an average thickness of 0.1 mm and the thickness of laminated mica. The mica ore is made of hard mica and soft mica. From -8-200807452 (5), Fig. 3 shows that the thinner the thickness of the laminated mica, the higher the tunneling voltage of the laminated mica having an average thickness of 0.1 mm tends to rise. That is, a 0.1 mm laminated mica and two 0.05 mm laminated mica are also 0.1 mm in thickness, but for the piercing voltage, the latter is dominant. Fig. 4 is a view showing a room temperature of a laminated mica tape of a laminated mica having a thickness of 155155 mm and a tunneling voltage at 840 °C, using a polyethylene film having a thickness of 0.025 mm as a reinforcing material. The I-voltage of the 1-layer laminated mica is regarded as 1 〇 〇 %, which is compared with the breakdown voltage of the 2-layer laminated mica. Figure 4 compares the high-voltage laminated mica tape of 2-layer laminated mica and 1-layer laminated mica, with a phase difference of 10% at room temperature and a breakdown voltage of 25% at 84 (TC). That is, the improvement of the withstand voltage characteristic can be known. In order to insulate the conductor portion of the fire-resistant electric wire, there is a laminated mica tape with a layer of laminated mica, for example, when 5 layers must be bundled, if the above is used, 8 4 High-voltage laminated mica tape of 2-layer laminated mica with 25% withstand voltage characteristics at 0 °C, and 4 layers of bundles ensure electrical insulation of the required φ part of the conductor. The high-voltage laminated mica tape of layer laminated mica has superior withstand voltage characteristics, which can reduce the number of times of bundling. Moreover, the insulation thickness can be reduced by 20%. By laminating multiple layers of laminated mica, it can be reduced The number of times the conductor portion is bundled, and the quality of the reinforcing material in the refractory insulating layer can be reduced. That is, the heat resistance can be improved by reducing the quality of the reinforcing material of the refractory insulating layer. If the laminated mica is used as the laminated multiple layer If the thickness is 0.01mm or more, it is better; The number of windings of the laminated mica may be thicker than the diameter of the conductor. -9- 200807452 (6) [Embodiment] The following is a conductor of a high-voltage laminated mica tape which is an embodiment of the present invention. The winding method of the part is described. The structure of the high-voltage laminated mica tape is shown in Fig. 1(a). The laminated mica 1 is made up of a plurality of layers of two or more layers by the reinforcing material and the adhesive. Laminated mica is impregnated with an adhesive. The mica ore is hard mica, soft mica, or synthetic mica; the reinforcing material is glass cloth, polyethylene film, poly φ propylene film, polyester film, polyester. Non-woven fabric; polyimine film, or polyethylene naphthalate (PEN) film. The adhesive is a silicone resin or epoxy resin. The high-voltage laminated mica tape is used as the refractory insulation of the conductor. The layer is used. The conductor portion is preferably a metal material having a very low resistance as a copper material. The bundling form of the high withstand voltage laminated mica tape for the conductor portion is as shown in Fig. 2(a). Show the winding method and The wrapping method is shown in Fig. 2(b). The winding method is to bundle the conductors with high withstand voltage lamination and mica tape 3 overlap with respect to the reeling degree, for example, about 1 /2. In the manner of covering, the conductor portion 4 is bundled in the direction of the amplitude of the high withstand voltage laminated mica tape 3, and both are wound around the bundled outer layer before satisfying the required withstand voltage characteristics. [Example] The fire-resistant electric wire of the fifth aspect of the present invention is manufactured, and the high-voltage laminated mica tape of the first drawing (a) is to be subjected to the conductor portion 4 as in Fig. 2 (& The winding method shown is bundled once every 1 /2 to form a refractory insulating layer 5, -10- 200807452 (7) A general insulating layer 6 of polyethylene is provided on the outer periphery thereof, and a sheath layer 7 is provided on the outer periphery thereof. . However, it can be confirmed that the fire-resistant electric wire of the above-described embodiment configured as described above is an indoor fire temperature set according to A1 304 (fireproof test method for a non-combustible structural portion of a building) while applying AC600V in a heating furnace. The degree curve is heated from normal temperature to 84 0 ° C in 30 minutes, and the insulation resistance of 0. 4 Μ Ω or more must be maintained between them, and the withstand voltage of ACi 5 〇 OV φ for 1 minute can be withstood after heating. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1(a) shows an example of a high-voltage laminated mica tape according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which two layers of laminated mica are bonded, and (b) shows a lamination of a conventional embodiment. Mica tape. Fig. 2 is a view showing a bundling form of a high withstand voltage laminated mica tape for a conductor portion according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 2(a) is a winding method, and Fig. 2 is a φ (b) coating method. Figure 3 is a graph showing the relationship between the thickness of the laminated mica and the breakdown voltage of the average unit thickness. Fig. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the number of laminated mica layers and the breakdown voltage ratio of the same thickness. Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing the constitution of a fire resistant electric wire according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Description of main component symbols] -11 - 200807452 (8) 1 : Laminated mica 2: Reinforced material 3: High-voltage laminated mica tape 4: Conductor part 5: refractory insulation layer 6 : General insulation layer 7 : Skin layer
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