TW200534632A - Spatial spreading in a multi-antenna communication system - Google Patents

Abstract

Spatial spreading is performed in a multi-antenna system to randomize an "effective" channel observed by a receiving entity for each transmitted data symbol block. For a MIMO system, at a transmitting entity, data is processed (e.g., encoded, interleaved, and modulated) to obtain ND data symbol blocks to be transmitted in NM transmission spans, where ND ≥ 1 and NM < 1. The ND blocks are partitioned into NM data symbol subblocks, one subblock for each transmission span. A steering matrix is selected (e.g., in a deterministic or pseudo-random manner from among a set of L steering matrices, where L<1) for each subblock. Each data symbol subblock is spatially processed with the steering matrix selected for that subblock to obtain transmit symbols, which are further processed and transmitted via NT transmit antennas in one transmission span. The ND data symbol blocks are thus spatially processed with NM steering matrices and observe an ensemble of channels.

Description

200534632 IX. Description of the invention: [Technical field to which the invention belongs] The present invention relates generally to data communication, and more specifically, to a technology for transmitting data in a multi-antenna communication system. [Prior Art] A multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication system uses multiple (^) transmission antennas at a transmitting entity and multiple (Nr) receiving antennas at a receiving entity to transmit data and is denoted as ( NT, NR) system. The MIMO channel formed by Nτ transmitting antennas and NR receiving antennas can be decomposed into Ns spatial channels, where Ns $ min {NT, NR}. The Ns spatial channels can be used to transmit data in a way to achieve greater reliability and / or higher total flux of the system. The Ns spatial channels of the MIMO channel can experience different channel conditions (such as different fading, multipath, and interference effects) and can achieve different signal-to-noise and interference ratios (SNR). The S, NR &amp; of a spatial channel determines its transmission performance, which is generally quantified by a time variant MIMO communication specific data transmission rate that can be reliably transmitted on the spatial channel. For a channel, the channel material changes with time and the snr of each spatial channel also changes with time. In order to maximize the throughput, the MIM0 system may utilize some form of feedback ‘from’ the receiving entity to evaluate the spatial channels and provide feedback information indicating the transmission performance of each spatial channel. ^ ^ _ 九 头 贝 巩. Then, the transmitting entity will adjust the data transmission on the spatial channel based on the negative feedback. However, for a number of reasons, this response has long been said that Besson may not be available. For example, the MIMO system may not support the transmission of feedback from a silver receiver. As an example of 98367.doc 200534632, the mIM0 channel can change the rate faster than the receiving entity's estimated feedback ... In any case, if the transmission is real, it may be necessary to transfer data at a very low rate. === Receiving entities can also dominate decoding. Π ° 糸, Tongzhi ^ will be determined by the expected worst channel conditions. [Summary of the Invention] In the embodiment, a kind of __ communication system is described Processing data transmission 2 = data to obtain at least-data ^ field, processing in the method _ 枓 枓 pay number block. Use a number of beryllium steering matrices to the>, a data symbol block to perform spatial imaginary 1 acquisition A plurality of sequences of symbols are transmitted on the plurality of transmission antennas 2, where the plurality of steering matrices randomize a block of data symbols for the track. The effective MIMO observed by the receiving entity is passed. In another embodiment, h π 7 ^ A device in a wireless multiple-input multiple-output communication system is described, which includes-a data processor for processing data to obtain at least-data symbol blocks, and a pair of guides for at least one data The symbol block performs spatial processing to obtain a space processor for a plurality of sequences of antenna: wheel symbols of the antenna, wherein the plurality of steering moments are master to>, and a randomized symbol block is received by the receiver. Effectiveness of physical observations ΜΙΜΟ channel. In the example only, "describes a wireless multi-input multiple-output device" which includes a component for processing data to obtain a block, and for using a plurality of steering matrices to 98367.doc 200534632 At least one data symbol block performs spatial processing to obtain a component of a plurality of sequences of transmission symbols for a plurality of transmission antennas, wherein the plurality of steering matrices are randomized for the at least one data symbol block as observed by a receiving entity. MIMO channel. In another embodiment, a method for processing data for transmission in a wireless multiple input single output (MISO) communication system is described, in which data is processed to obtain a block of data symbols. Steering vectors perform spatial processing on the data symbol block to obtain a plurality of sequences of transmission symbols for a plurality of transmission antennas, wherein the plurality of steering vectors randomize the data symbol block to a valid MIS observed by a receiving entity 〇Channel. In another embodiment, the description of _ 括 ® 士人 + aa 丄.,

... Estimation of the channel response of the effective MIMO channel formed by the general approximation and a plurality of steering matrices. By using the channel response to estimate the connection of the data symbol, the pure symbol receiving location does not obtain a data symbol estimate for at least one data symbol block. Multi-input multi-output in wireless

In another embodiment, a device in a (ΜΙΜΟ) communication system is described, which obtains the received data symbols, which is borrowed 98367.doc 200534632 ten before being transmitted via a MIMI channel; and a space processor which is used to Use the channel response estimation to perform receiver space processing on the data symbols received specifically to obtain the data symbol estimates of the less-data symbol block. ° In another embodiment, &gt; describes a device in a wireless multiple-input multiple-output, then) communication system, including: a means for obtaining a received data symbol, At least one data symbol block 1 which is spatially processed by a plurality of steering matrices before the transmission of the 应-应 channel, and a channel response estimation component for obtaining an effective bridging channel formed by the decoration channel and the plurality of material matrices; And means for performing receiver space processing on the received data symbols by channel response estimation § to obtain data symbol estimates for the at least one data symbol block. In another embodiment, a method for receiving data transmission in a wireless multiple-input single-output (MISO) communication system is described. In this method, received data symbols are obtained. The received data symbols are used in A block of data symbols that has been spatially processed by a plurality of steering vectors before being transmitted via a channel. Obtain a channel response estimate of an effective M-assisted channel formed by the MIS0 channel and a plurality of steering vectors. Perform a debt test on the received data symbol by the channel response estimation to obtain a data symbol estimate for the data symbol block. . [Embodiment] The words used herein, illustrative &quot; means &quot; are used as an example, example, or illustration. "It is not necessary to interpret any embodiment described herein as" exemplary "as being better than other embodiments or Beneficial. This article describes techniques for performing spatial expansion in a multi-antenna communication system. Many 98367.doc 200534632 The antenna communication system can be a MIM. System or multiple-input single-output (mis0) system. Spatial expansion refers to the possible use of _The different amplitude and / or phase determined by the derivation y vector of the data symbol (which is the modulation symbol of the data) transmits the transmission of the data symbol from multiple transmission antennas at the same time. Space expansion can also be referred to as transmission guidance, Pseudo-random transmission guidance, guidance diversity diversity), matrix pseudo-random guidance, vector pseudo-random guidance, etc. Spatial processing technology can be random for every data symbol block transmitted by the transmitting entity = ▲ observed by the receiving entity & quot Effective &quot; Look at 0 or Cong 0 channels, making the system effective month &amp; not dominated by the worst channel conditions. In the embodiment of the dirty 0 system to transmit data with space expansion The transmission entity processes (e.g., encoding and interleaving) the data for% data streams and generates ND encoded data blocks, among which ... the encoded data block may also be referred to as a code block or an encoded data packet. Each code block is separately encoded at the transmitting entity and decoded separately at the receiving entity. Symbol maps every-code block to obtain = the resource symbol block. The data symbol blocks for% code blocks are divided into d Form nm data symbol sub-blocks for transmission within ~ transmission range, each inner sub-block 'where NM &gt; i. As described below, the transmission range can encompass time and / or frequency dimensions. For ~ data symbol sub-blocks Each selection in (for example, a selection from a set of L steering matrices) is a steering matrix. The parent-feeder symbol sub-block is gated with the steering matrix selected for that sub-block to generate Transmission symbols: These transmission symbols are further processed and transmitted via NHig within a transmission range; including antenna transmission. In fact, the ND data symbol blocks are spatially processed with NM steering matrices and The% individual data = the symbol block and therefore the entirety of the observation channel ' The same channel with all block observations is 98367.doc -10- 200534632. The steering matrix used for spatial expansion is a unitary matrix with orthogonal rows or vectors and can be generated as described below. As shown below As mentioned, the MI S 0 system can also be used for space expansion to transmit data. The following describes the various aspects and embodiments of the present invention in further detail. The space expansion technology described herein can be used in MIMO and MISO systems. These technologies can also be used in Single-carrier and multi-carrier systems. Multi-carriers can be obtained using orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM), some other multi-carrier modulation techniques, or some other constructs. OFDM effectively divides the total system bandwidth into multiple ( ^^) Orthogonal subbands, which are also referred to as tones, subcarriers, bins, and frequency channels. With 0fdM, each sub-band is associated with a separate subcarrier that can be modulated with data. 1 ΜΙΜΟ system For a single-carrier MIMO system, the MIMO channel formed by Nτ transmitting antennas at the transmitting entity and NR receiving antennas at the receiving entity can be characterized by an NRxNT channel response matrix η, which can be expressed as

h〗, NT ^ 2, Nt hNR, NT Equation (1) hl, lh! 2 H =;, 2 • · _hNR, l hNR, 2 where, the term 1 ^ (1 = 1 ... &gt; ^ and b 1. &gt; ^) indicates the coupling or composite gain (complex) between the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna 1. In the MIMO system, wheel data can be transmitted in multiple ways. In a simple transmission scheme, no spatial processing is performed. Each _transmission antenna transmits _ data symbols to capture and simultaneously transfer up to &amp; data symbol streams from Nτ transmission antennas. 98367.doc 200534632 The mode of the MIMO system of this transmission scheme can be expressed as · E = Hs + n 5 One formula (2) where 'i is an NTxi vector with A non-zero terms for Ns data symbols, and these NS data symbols will be transmitted on the spatial channel; L is an NRx ^ quantity' which has Terms for NR received symbols obtained through the receiving antennas; and Ϊ1 is the noise vector observed at the receiving entity. It can be assumed that the noise has a zero mean vector and a covariance matrix 4 = Additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) of σ2I, where y is the variance of the noise and ί is the identity matrix (iden tity matrix). The data symbol streams transmitted from Nτ transmission antennas interfere with each other at the receiving entity. A given data symbol stream transmitted from a transmission antenna is generally received by all NR receiving antennas with different amplitudes and phases. Each received symbol stream includes a fraction of each of these Ns transmitted data symbol streams. The NR received symbol streams will collectively include all such data symbol streams. However, these Ns The data symbol streams are scattered among the Nr received symbol streams. The receiving entity performs receiver space processing on the Nr received symbol streams to recover the one data symbol stream sent by the transmitting entity. The performance that the MIMO system can achieve (To a large extent) Depends on the channel response matrix Η. There is a correlation of south degrees in the right Η, then each data symbol stream will observe interference from other streams in Dali. This interference or crosstalk cannot be borrowed at the receiving entity. Removed by spatial processing. A high level of interference will degrade the SNR of each affected data symbol stream, possibly downgrading it to the data symbol stream 98367.doc -12- 200534 632 The point where the receiving entity cannot correctly decode. For a given channel response matrix, when the transmitting entity uses the feature vector (eigenvectr) derived from 在 in the K feature patterns (or positive space) of the MIM0 channel Channel) can be achieved when transmitting data; 2 Yes: if the receiving entity can provide the transmission entity with complete or partial channel state information (CSI), the transmitting entity can maximize the total flow of these streams = way (for example, Process the f-stream by using the best or near-optimal data transfer rate per stream. ^, The input entity was not known or was notified by mistake-inf. Teng d), the data transmission rate used by the data stream can cause a certain percentage of T or code block errors in the channel realization. For example, when Gu shows a high degree of correlation or when there is insufficient scattering in the no channel, multipath (large coherence bandwidth (c0h⑽ “)) and / or time decay (large coherence time (price) For example, the "bad" channel response can occur. The occurrence of the "bad" channel is random, and for a given data rate selection, it is necessary to minimize the percentage of time that can occur. For some jobs In general, performance can be governed by the worst channel conditions. For example, if the receiving entity cannot send feedback information to indicate the appropriate data transfer rate for each-^ symbol stream (for example, because of feedback Without being changed by the system's small I condition faster than the feedback rate), the transmitting entity may :: transmit the data symbol stream at a low rate, so that even in the worst channel stripe, etc., the system performance will be changed from the expected maximum The bad channel conditions dominate this, which is very unsatisfactory. Spatial expansion can be used to randomize the effective M_pass 98367.doc 200534632 channels observed by the receiving entity, making the system performance not dominated by the worst channel conditions. With spatial expansion, the transmitting entity performs spatial processing with different steering matrices to effectively randomize the mIM0 channel, so that the entire channel can be observed for each code block of each data stream without staying in a bad channel for a long time. The space processing table at the transmission entity can be used for space expansion. ♦) _) ♦), where i (m) is an Nsxl vector, which has Nsxl to be transmitted in the transmission range claw. Data symbols; Y (m) is the NTxNs steering matrix for the transmission range m; and _ 2L (m) is an NTxl vector with Nτ transmission symbols to be transmitted from the transmission antennas in the transmission range calendar -In general, 'enables Ns spatial channels to transmit up to ν data symbol streams at the same time. For the sake of brevity', the following large number of descriptions assume the same as 8

Ns data symbol streams. 1, J j frequency of years. For example, ππΐ, in a single-carrier Gu0 system, the pass-through argument corresponds to the —symbol_, which is the duration of the pass-through / a data symbol. Make A Black and Don't

As another example, in a multi-carrier system, such as a MIMO system using OFDM, the transmission range may correspond to one of the sub-bands in a 100 symbol period. The transmission frame may also cover periods and / or multiple sub-bands. Therefore, the claws can be time and / or frequency; etc. The transmission range can also be referred to as the transmission interval, signal transmission interval, and heliocentric. As described below, a set of L guide bows can be generated and expanded. This set of steering matrices is denoted as ㈣⑴ ...), where ;;: 98367.doc _ 14.200534632 T is any integer greater than 1. One &apos; prime matrix in the set can be selected for each transmission range m. Then, the transmission entity will perform spatial processing for each transmission range m with the guide bow I matrix Y (m) selected for that transmission range, where Y (m) e {parent}. The result of the spatial processing is Nτ transmission symbol streams, which are further adjusted and transmitted from Nτ transmission antennas. The space-expanded received symbol at the receiving entity can be expressed as: r (m) = H (m) .V (m) .s (m) + n (m) ^, Equation (4) where, H (m) is the response matrix for the transmission range m2NRXNT channel, · iLff (m) is the response matrix for the transmission range effect channel, which is Heff (m) = Ji (m) Km); [(m) is an NRxl A vector having ^ received symbols of a transmission range claw; and il (m) is a noise vector of a transmission range m. As shown in equation (4), due to the spatial expansion performed by the transmitting entity, Ns data symbol streams observe the effective channel response instead of the actual channel response iKm). Each data symbol stream is therefore sent on a spatial channel instead of ii (m). The steering matrix can be selected so that each data symbol stream observes the entire space channel of S (m). In addition, if different steering matrices are used across a code block, the data symbols used for that code block will observe different channels across the code block. The receiving entity may perform receiver space processing on the received symbols using the estimation of the effective channel response matrix to recover the transmitted data symbol stream. If the receiving entity knows the steering matrix used by the transmitting entity for each transmission range m, then the receiving 98367.doc »15- 200534632 shell version can be estimated. t Pass the corresponding matrix (for example, based on the received pilot symbol) and calculate the _estimated effective channel response matrix, and the second indicates the estimate of the actual matrix. Alternatively, the receiving entity may directly estimate the L-channel response matrix iieff (m), for example, based on the received pilot symbol of the used CAN transmission. Induction &amp;% is a modulation symbol used for guidance, which is information that is known in advance by both the transmitting and receiving entities.

Generally a, any number of teams can be transmitted simultaneously via the MIMO channel) Data stream 'of which 1 ° For example, if ND = Ns, it can be transmitted on each of the channels between Nsm of heart f (m) _Data stream . If 仏 = 1, demuUipiex-data stream can be solved and transmitted on all Ns spatial channels. In any case, as described below, each data stream is processed (e.g., 'encoded, interleaved', and modulated) to obtain data symbols, and the data symbols used for all ND data streams are demultiplexed for ^ ( There are Ns data symbol streams in a work channel. A steering matrix is used for work processing in a transmission range, which can cover one or more data symbol vectors.

Fig. 1 shows a procedure i OO that is not used for transmitting data by space expansion. Initially, the data is processed to obtain a set of N D data symbol blocks for N D data streams, one block for one data stream (block 112). Each data symbol block contains data generated from-code blocks (or-coded data packets) of coded data. Data processing can be performed as described below. Divide the nd data symbol blocks into 2Nm data symbol sub-blocks that will be transmitted in Nm transmission ranges, with &quot; 'subblocks (blocks) in each transmission range. NM is also called block length and Nm> 1. Each child has 3 data symbols from the mother-one or more of these ND blocks. For example, if ND = NS, each sub-block can contain Ns data symbols from Ns blocks for Ns data 98367.doc -16-200534632 stream. As another example, if ND = 1, each sub-block may contain Ns data symbols from one block for a data stream. The index m used to represent the transmission range of the current set of data symbol blocks is set to 1 (block 116). A steering matrix parent (m) is used for spatial processing for each transmission range m. This steering matrix Y (m) may be selected from the set of L steering matrices} (block 118). The steering matrix is then used to perform spatial processing on the data symbol sub-blocks ㈤ to obtain transmission symbols (block 120). If the transmission range m covers a data symbol vector, as shown in equation (3), a vector of up to Ns data symbols is formed from the data symbol sub-block m and spatially processed by the steering matrix y (m) to Obtain the corresponding transmission symbol vector ym). If the transmission range m covers multiple (Nv) data symbol vectors, Nv vectors ι1 (ιη) (1 = 1 ... Nv) are formed from the data symbol sub-blocks 且, and the same steering matrix common ⑷ is used for each direction 1 ii (m) performs spatial processing to obtain the corresponding transmission symbol vector l (m). In any case, the same steering matrix y (m) is used for spatial processing of all data symbol vectors in the transmission range m, and the resulting transmission symbol vector is processed and transmitted through Nτ transmission antennas in the transmission range. (Block 122). Then, a determination is made as to whether the data symbol sub-block has been processed and transmitted (i.e., 'whether m = NM') (block 124). If the answer is "No", then the index ⑽ (block 126) will be used for the next sub-block / transmission range, and the program returns to block ιΐ 8. If the answer to block 124 is "Yes", do one exist? More data transmitted == (The block is called. If the answer is, • Yes &quot;, the program returns to block 112 to start the set under the Ribbey symbol block. Otherwise, the program terminates. 98367.doc 200534632 As shown in Figure 1 As shown in the figure, two sets of data symbol blocks are processed with nm steering matrices to obtain a plurality of transmission symbol sequences. Each transmission symbol sequence is passed through each of the Nτ transmission antennas in each transmission range. The antennas are transmitted by antennas. The steering matrix is randomized by Nd data symbol blocks. The effective MIM0 channel observed by the receiving entity is randomized. The randomization of the MIM0 channel is generated by using different steering matrices for different transmission ranges. It is not necessary to rely on the randomness of the elements of the steering matrix. As explained above, the transmission range can be defined to cover one or more symbol periods and / or multiple sub-bands. A To improve performance, you need to choose as many as you can. _ Can be small Transmission range so that (1) more steering matrices are available for each data symbol block and (2) the receiving entity can obtain as many MIMO channels as possible for each data symbol block (丨 〇k ) ". The transmission range should also be shorter than the coherence time of the MIM0 channel, which can be assumed to be approximately the duration of silence and evil in the MIM0 channel. Similarly, for a 0FDm-based system, 'transmission The range should be smaller than the coherent bandwidth of the channel. Figure 2 shows the procedure for receiving data using spatial expansion 2000. The number m is initially set to 1 (block 212), and the index m is used to represent the data symbol The transmission range of the block il set for the current month. Obtain the received data symbols from the Nr receiving antennas as data symbol sub-blocks (block 214). Determine the steering matrix Y (m) (block) used by the transmission entity as the sub-block. 216), and use this matrix to derive the channel response estimate of the effective MIMO channel observed by subblock m. Then, use this channel response estimate to perform receiver space processing on the received data symbols in order to obtain for subblock m Detected Symbol (or data symbol estimate) (block 218). Then 'do whether you have received the current data symbol block collection data 98367.doc -18-200534632, and pay the number sub-shirt (meaning _, whether m = NM ) (Block 22Q). If the answer is wide, the index m is increased by 1 for the next subblock / transmission range (block 222), and the process returns to block 214. If the answer to block 22 () is "yes ,, , Then processing (such as 2 modulation, de-interleaving, and decoding) is used for all ~ sub-blocks of the fine sign ~ 乂 to obtain the decoded data (blocks) of the set of Tianbeibei material number. Determine whether there is more data to be received (block is called. If: ^ is &quot; yes, '' the program returns to 212 to start receiving the two sets below the data symbol block. Otherwise, the program terminates. A. Steering matrix selection 2: The above wished to produce a set of L steering matrices and use it for spatial expansion. You can compose 撰 人 in many ways # 里 万 ～ Select the steering matrix in the set to use. Select the steering matrix from the set in. For example, ′ can be cycled through L steering matrices and selected in order ... A steering matrix starts, followed by the first: guidance material, etc., == end steering matrix m). In another embodiment, the steering matrix is selected from a set in a manner. For example, a steering matrix for each transmission range can be selected based on-or the steering moment ㈣f⑻), and the function f (m) will pseudo-randomly select one of these ⑽ steering ㈣. In another embodiment, the matrix is steered from this set in a "complete change" manner. For example, it can be looped through L steering matrices and selected sequentially. However, 'the liver guide: moment: of each cycle can be selected in a pseudo-random manner, instead of always taking the first-guide matrix γ⑴ as ::::: many other ways to choose the _ guide matrix, and this is here. 98367.doc -19- 200534632 The choice of steering matrix can also depend on the number (L) and block length (nm) of the steering matrix in the set. In general, the number of steering matrices can be greater than, equal to, or less than the block length. The selection of the steering matrix in these three situations can be performed as described below.

If L = NM ', the number of steering matrices matches the length of the block. In this case, a different steering matrix may be selected for each of the nm transmission ranges 1 for a set of data symbol blocks to be transmitted. As above = NM can be transmitted in a deterministic, pseudo-random, or completely variable manner :: select: NM steering matrices. For example, the same (preselected) two can be used for each data symbol field block set: where the steering matrix is for each data symbol. ^) Or different (pseudo-randomly selected) start lengths are greater than the number of steering matrices in the set. Repeat the matrix for the mother-data symbol block set and select it as described above. If l &gt; nm, a subset of the steering matrix is used for each

U. For a specific subset of the per-data symbol block set, select: ‘sexual or pseudo-random. For example, the -k option can be determined. The first steering matrix can be a steering matrix for a set of two = 2 data symbol blocks, a guide matrix, and a matrix. The end of the bluffing block set-B. System Figure 3 shows a block diagram of the MIMO system 300. At the transmitting entity 3 W and the receiving entity 35 (at the transmitting entity 310), transmitting and processing (for example, encoding, communication #, special round (TX)-320 material processor and modulation) Used for ND data streams with 98367.doc -20. 200534632 traffic data and provides a data symbol stream, of which Ns2NDy. The τχ space-processor 330 receives and spatially processes ^ data symbol streams for space expansion, multiplexing in pilot symbols, and providing A round symbol streams' to NT transmitter units (332t). The following describes the processing performed by D X data processor 320, and the spatial processing performed by ^ τχ spatial processor 33 is as described above. Each transmitter unit 332 adjusts (for example: conversion to analog 'filtering, amplification, and frequency up conversion ) Separate transmission symbol streams to generate modulated signals β Ντ transmitter units 332 &amp; to 332 丨 provide τ modulated signals for signal transmission from NT antennas 334 to 334t, respectively. At the receiving entity At 350, Nr antennas 352d and 352r receive the transmitted ΓΓ, and each antenna 352 provides the received signal to a respective receiver unit (rCVr) 354. Each receiver unit 354 performs and transmits by ^ 332 performs complementary processing and ⑴ provides the received data symbols to the receiving (RX) space processor 36 〇 and ⑺ provides the received pilot symbols to the channel estimation in the controller 380 384. Based on the channel estimation from the channel estimation = 3, the receiving space processor 36 performs spatial processing on the received symbol streams from ~ 354a to 354aNR, and provides _ to Symbol streams, which are estimated values of a data symbol stream sent by the transmission entity 然. Then, the RX data processing object 0, (for example: demapping, deinterleaving, and depletion) of these Ns㈣ Measured. The number stream is provided and Nd decoded data streams are provided. These decoded data streams are estimates of ^ data streams. ^ The controllers 340 and 380 control the transmission entity 31 and the receiving entity respectively. 98367.doc -21-200534632 operation of various processing units. Memory units 342 and 382 store data and / or code used by controllers 340 and 380, respectively. Figure 4 shows a block diagram of processing units at transmission entity 310 For the embodiment shown in Figure VII, the m data processor 32G includes ND data stream processors 410 &41; In the stream processor 41, an encoder 412 receives The data stream {dl} is coded and provided with code bits based on a coding scheme. The coding scheme may include cyclic redundancy check (CRC) generation, convolutional coding (here !! coding), and thirsty round coding (Turb〇). coding), low-density parity check (LDPC) coding, block coding (bloccoding), other coding, or a combination thereof. The channel interleaver 414 interleaves (meaning, reorders) the channel based on an interleaving scheme. Equal code bits to achieve frequency, time, and / or space diversity. The symbol mapping unit 416 maps the interleaved bits based on a modulation scheme and provides a data symbol {s stream. Unit 416 groups each B interleaved bits into a group to form a B-bit value (where By), and further based on the selected modulation scheme (eg, QPSK, M_PSK, 4M_qAM, where m = 2B) Each B-bit value is mapped to a specific modulation symbol. Generally, encoding is performed on each shell packet in each data stream {山} independently to obtain a corresponding encoded data packet or code block, and then symbol mapping is performed on each code block to obtain a corresponding data symbol. Piece. In Fig. 4, Nd data stream processors 410a to 41 Ond process nd data streams and provide ND data symbol blocks for each block length of Nm transmission ranges. A single data stream processor 410 may also process ND data streams, for example, in a time-division multiplexing (TDM) manner. The same or 98367.doc -22- 200534632 different encoding and modulation schemes can be used for these ND data streams. In addition, the same or different data transmission rates can be used for these Nd data streams. The multiplexer / demultiplexer (Mnx / DemuX) 420 receives data symbols for ND data streams and multiplexes / demultiplexes them into Ns data symbol streams. Each time eff (m) * One space channel and one data symbol stream. If nd = ns, the multiplexer / demultiplexer 42 can simply provide the data symbol for each data stream as a data symbol stream. If ND = 1, the multiplexer / demultiplexer 42 will demultiplex the data symbols for one data stream into one data symbol stream. The TX interprocessor 330 receives each block length of NM transmission ranges from τχ data processing H 32G and receives Ns data symbol blocks and receives NM steering moments p from the controller 34; ^ _ (m). The steering matrix such as suan can be taken from the steering matrix (SM) memory 442 in the memory unit 342 or generated by the controller 34 () as needed. The inter-TXS processor 33G performs spatial processing on each transmission range-like data symbol by using a steering matrix Y (m) for each transmission range @ and provides transmission symbols using a transmission range. The deinterleaving processor will multi-guard the transmission symbols for each transmission range Dm to obtain ~ transmission symbol sequences, which will be transmitted from NT in one or more symbol periods and / or in multiple sub-bands. Transmission antenna transmission. Take the processor 33. The A transmission symbols are further skewed for different transmission ranges, and Nτ transmission symbol streams {xj} (j == i..NT) are provided for the A transmission antennas. / 5 shows a block diagram of the processing unit at the receiving entity 35Q. A reception = 354a to 354r will provide the received guide character (M ... M to the channel estimator 384. 一 cen # 加士 在 实In the yoke example, the channel estimator 384 guides the estimation of the response matrix ii (m) based on the received pilot symbol (m). Channel 98367.doc .23 · 200534632 The estimator 384 further receives for each transmission A steering matrix in the range m, parent (m) and the estimated effective channel response matrix, derived from the package eff (m) = ^ m) .Y (m). For this embodiment, the receiving and transmitting entities are synchronized so that the two entities use the same steering matrix y (m) for each transmission range m. In another embodiment, the channel estimator 384 directly ′ outs the estimated packet eff (m) of the effective channel response matrix iieff (m) based on the received pilot symbols. For both of these embodiments, the channel estimator 384 provides the estimated effective channel response matrix eff (m) to the RX space processor 36. The RX space processor 360 also fetches the received data symbols from the NR receiver units 354 & to 35. The RX space processor 36〇 also uses ff (m) and uses Any of many receiver space processing techniques known in the art to perform receiver space processing on received data symbols. The RX space processor 360 will provide the detected symbols (or: body symbol estimates) to provide To the RX data processor 370. For the embodiment shown in Figure 5, the RX data processor 37 includes a multiplexer / demultiplexer (MUX / DemUX) 508 and N for Nd data streams. Data stream processors 51〇a to 51_. Multiplexing means demultiplexing means receiving a channel of one of the channels in m) and demultiplexing it into ND data streams. ~~ is the symbol stream detected by the chastity. The multiplexer / demultiplexer 508 operates in a complementary manner to the multiplexer / demultiplexer at the transmission entity 31 in FIG. 4. At each data stream processor 5_, ^ obtains the associated data stream, and the symbol demapping unit 512 demodulates the detected symbols according to the 5-cycle variation scheme used for the stream, and provides the demodulated data . The channel deinterleaver 514 deinterleaves the demodulated data, and the deinterleaving thereof is performed in a manner complementary to the interleaving process performed by the transmission entity 3_the stream. Then, the decoding state 516 decodes the de-interleaved investor song U »/, and the decoding method is complementary to the encoding process performed by the transport body 310 on the stream. For example, if the knife performs thirteen round coding or gyro coding at 31G, you can use Turbo Decoder or Viterbi Decoder ⑽㈣ 七 ⑶ to be called as Decoder Chuan Coder 516 for each -The data symbol block provides a decoded data packet. C MIMO-OFDM system uses OFDM, which can transmit up to ~ modulation symbols on ~ sub-bands in every 0 wrist symbol period. Prior to transmission, these modulation symbols are converted to the time domain using Nρ-point inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) to produce a, transformed, symbol that includes a time-domain chip. In order to resist the inter-symbol interference (ISI) caused by frequency selective subtraction, the-part (or Nep chips) in each converted symbol is repeated to form a corresponding 0-symbol. Each-OFDM symbol is transmitted in one 0 Cong symbol period (Nf + ~ chip periods), where Ncp is the cyclic prefix length. For a MIM〇 system (meaning a mim〇fdm system) of OFDM, it can be Spatial expansion is performed for each sub-band used for data transmission. Therefore, the index used for the transmission range is replaced by k, η (sub-band yield and 0 read symbol period n). It can be Each sub-band k forms a vector vector). Each vector-shaped La Cong symbol period η is a sub-band k containing up to Ns data symbols for transmission via a spatial channel. Up to Np vectors can be simultaneously transmitted on NF subbands in one OFDM symbol period, n) birds. In a MIMO-OFDM system, Nd data symbols can be transmitted in various ways. 98367.doc -25 · 200534632 A set of blocks. For example, in the -r · ^ frequency band, the symbol block can be transmitted as a term of the vector age for the Nf sub-bands. In this

The material symbol block is transmitted on all sub-bands and reaches \ knife * mother-lean material symbol block can be advanced-step across-or multiple 0FDM. This' per-data symbol block can span the frequency and / or time dimension (designed by the system ) Plus spatial dimension (using space expansion). For the MIM0-0FDM system, there are multiple ways to select the steering matrix. As described above, the steering matrix can be selected for the subbands in a reliable, pseudo-random, or completely variable manner. For example, it can be looped in the = steering matrix in the set and selected in order (for the sub-frequency V 1 to ① in the 0 symbol period η to perform S selection, and then to 0 in the FDM symbol period n + J Sub frequencies V 1 to NF are selected, etc.). The transmission range can be defined to cover one or more sub-bands and one or more OFDM symbol periods. The number of steering matrices in the set may be less than, equal to, or greater than the number of sub-bands. The three conditions described above, Nm, l &lt; Nm, and l &gt; Nj ^, can be applied to the sub-band, where NF is used instead of NM. For a MIMO-OFDM system, each transmitter unit 332 performs OFDM modulation on transmission symbols for all Nf sub-bands of an associated transmission antenna to obtain a corresponding OFDM symbol stream. Each transmitter unit 332 further adjusts the OFDM symbol stream to generate a modulated signal. Each receiver unit 354 performs complementary 0]? 1:) 1 demodulation on the received signal to obtain the received data symbol and the received pilot symbol. OFDM modulation and demodulation are known in the art and are not described here. D. Steering matrix generation 98367.doc -26- 200534632 The steering moment beam 51 matrix used for spatial expansion should be a positive matrix and satisfy the following YH (i). Y (i) = j (Buj.L ), Where "H" represents a total vehicle transposition (c〇njUgate trans square preparation (5)

^ NS ^ t „„ ^ 4; J line 'Each of the conditional indication (_) in equation (5)-has an early bit length' 4 support ㈣ · burst 1 ㈣ ... NS), and (2_ = two lines … All light (Η—) inside… zero, or b = 1 『s' and a outside this condition ensures that the steering matrix concept is used to simultaneously transfer the data symbols of the team of the wheel and have the same power before transmission Orthogonal. Some steering matrices can also be uncorrelated (une. ㈣ #, so that the correlation between any two uncorrelated steering matrices is zero or a low value. This condition can be Expressed as: • D YLU ten LL, and ⑹, equation ⑹ where '£ (ij) is the correlation matrix of γ⑴ and γ⑴ and is a matrix that is all 0. Make all the guiding matrices in the set satisfy the equation ⑷ The conditions may be difficult. The steering matrix can be derived so that the maximum 旎 $ of the correlation matrix of all possible steering matrix pairs is minimized. It can be calculated as shown in equation :: given a derivative J 丨 matrix pair correlation The matrix is given by ⑴. Elements in column m and row n of E (lj) = 1- (lj | = szkn6rtt # c (ij) ^ i &amp; t, ^ tcmjn (ij) ^ c (ij). Energy E (ij) also The Frobenius norm (trace) and (2) as ij) of Fröbenius norm (which is called the square of India and n0r. Generate the steering matrix so that the maximum energy E of all the steering matrices E (⑴ is 98367.doc • 27- 200534632 with a minimum of 4 daggers. L steering matrices can be generated in a variety of ways. {Magic set, some of which are described below. Pre-calculation and storage of steering matrices can be performed at the transmitting and receiving entities. And use them as needed, or calculate these steering matrices as needed.

FIG. 6 shows an exemplary procedure 600 for a first scheme for generating a set of steering matrices. Initially, the index 丨 is set to 1 for the first steering matrix to be generated (block 612). Then a random variable NsxNi ^ array block is generated 614). The elements of Q are complex Gaussian random variables of independent homomorphic distribution (IID), each of which has zero mean and unit variance. Then, the Nτ × Nτ correlation matrix is calculated according to (block 616). Next, r = ed-eh performs the eigenvalue decomposition (block 618) of the correlation matrix of G as follows: 'Equation (7) where' one is the NTXNS positive matrix of the eigenvector R; and &amp; is the NSXNS of the eigenvalue R diagonal matrix.

The diagonal matrix D contains non-negative real values along the diagonal and zeros elsewhere. These diagonal terms are called eigenvalues r and represent the power gain of the eigenmodes. The correlation between the eigenvector matrix E and each steering matrix that has been generated for the set is then checked (block 62). Block 62 is skipped for the first steering matrix. This check can be achieved, for example, by the following steps: (1) calculating the correlation matrix between matrix E and each steering matrix Y (j) G = that has been generated— (j), (2) as above Describe the calculation of the energy of each correlation matrix with ""); (3) compare the energy of each correlation matrix with a threshold value; and (4) declare the energy of all i_l correlation matrices to be lower than the threshold value Correlation. 98367.doc -28 · 200534632 Other tests that check for low correlation can also be used, and this is within the scope of the present invention. A determination is then made as to whether the feature vector matrix 1 meets the low correlation criterion (block 622). If the correlation between matrix E and any previously generated steering matrix exceeds a threshold, then the low correlation criterion is not met. If this is the case, the program returns to block 614 to generate another matrix 0. Otherwise, if the low correlation criterion is met, the steering matrix 乂 ⑴ is set equal to the matrix operation (block 624). As shown in equation (7), since the matrix E is obtained by eigenvalue decomposition, the parent matrix is a positive matrix. A determination is then made as to whether all L steering matrices have been generated for the set (block 626). If the answer is "No," then the index is added (block 628), and the program returns to block 614 to generate the next steering matrix. Otherwise, the program terminates. The following steps can be used to improve the generated by program 600. Steering matrix: A pair of steering matrices are identified, and their correlation matrices have the highest energy; and (2) the two steering matrices are premultiplied by the positive matrix to separate them. Matrix (so that the resulting matrix is also a positive matrix). You can choose to multiply the positive matrix from the left to modify the two steering matrices in a deterministic or random manner. This process can be repeated until the maximum energy of the correlation matrix It cannot be further reduced. In the second scheme, a set of L steering matrices is generated based on a set of (10g2L) + 1 independently isotropically distributed symmetric positive matrices. A random symmetric positive matrix If the probability density (pr0babiUty density) does not change when multiplying the NTXNT positive matrix generated by f, the random positive matrix is isotropically distributed. The steering matrix in the set can be Index 1 Expressed as i = lil2 ... lQ, where Q = log2L, 98367.doc 200534632 li is the first bit of the index i, 1q is the last bit of the index i, and the value of each bit can be 0 or 1. Then, L steering matrices can be generated as follows: Υ (Λ ^ ... ^) = ΩνΩ ^ .... Ω ^ .ν〇, (^^ 2? ... 5 ^ € {〇51} ). Equation (8) where is the positive matrix of the NTXNS independent isotropic distribution; and Ji (b.1 ... Q) is the positive matrix of the NTXNT independent isotropic distribution. The matrix Υο can be defined as (for example) redundant, which The center is the NsXNs identity matrix. TL · Marietta et al. In April 2002 "Structured Unitary Space-Time Autocoding Constellations 5 ^ IEEE Transaction on Information Theory, Volume 48, No. 4 describes the second in further detail Solution: In the third solution, a set of L steering matrices is generated by gradually rotating an initial normal steering matrix in a> ^ dimensional complex space (complex space), as follows: Equation (9) which Can be defined as follows: · Equation (10)

+ 1) = 0 丨. (I = i &quot; _L_l), where 1 is the NTXNT diagonal diagonal positive matrix V2 ~ / L 〇 ... 〇 Ί 0 ej2 ~ / L… Λ

0 0 ... ei ^^ NT-i / L ui U2, ..., unt are Nτ different values, each in the range of 0 to B], and it is selected such that the resulting steering matrix is generated by using the matrix. The correlation is as low as possible. Nt diagonal elements of 为 are red unit roots (referred to as tfumty). You can use the NtXNt Fourier matrix to generalize the different rows to form the initial Modulus ¥ 'where the (n, m) th term U ·· ~ ~ (η = {1 ··· Nτ} and m = {1.NT} ), Equation ii) 98367.doc -30- 200534632 where 'η is a column index and a row index. The third solution is described in further detail by BH Hochwald et al., Systematic Design of Unitary Space-Time onstellations, IEEE Transaction on Information Theory, Vol. 46, No. 6, September 2000. In the fourth scheme, 'the basis matrix B and different scalars are used to generate a set of L guide matrices. The base matrix may be a Walsh matrix, a Fourier matrix, or some other matrix. A 2χ2 Walsh matrix can be expressed as 2x2-1. A larger Walsh matrix can be formed from a smaller Walsh matrix! 2Νχ2Ν is as follows: Equation (12) W2Nx2N = ΓWNxN 〇 〇 --ΝχΝ a ^^ ΝχΝ _. The dimension of the mysterious Walsh matrix is a power of two. As shown in equation ⑴), Γ can be opened / formed into a Fourier matrix with a square dimension (eg, 2, 3, 4, 5, etc.). NTXNT Walsh moment comparison, Fourier matrix &, or some other matrix can be used as base matrix ㈣ to form other ㈣㈣. Each of the 2nd to ... columns of the basis matrix can be independently multiplied by one of the different possible scalars in Laos where M &gt; from the M scalars for the nh columns] The permutation can obtain different guiding matrixes. For example, each of the plants in columns 2 to A can be multiplied by a scalar +1, -or, or, where j-V ^ T. For Nτ = 4 and M = 4, it is possible to generate 64 different steering matrices from the base matrix using four different scalars. Other scalars (eg, Γ:? 2, etc.) can be used to generate additional steering matrices. -The general column of η can be multiplied by any scalar that has the form e (where 0 can be any phase value). The Nτ × N ^ matrix can be generated according to gNT._, where gNT and sxo are the first matrix generated by using the base matrix. Knowing the calibration ensures that every row has unit power. Other schemes can also be used to generate the set of steering matrices, and this is within the scope of the present invention. In general, the steering matrix can be generated in a pseudo-random manner (for example, such as the first scheme) or in a deterministic manner (for example, such as the second and third schemes). E. Efficiency Figure 7 shows a plot of the cumulative distribution function (CDF) of the total spectral efficiency achieved in an exemplary MIM0 system. For the mMIM0 system, the transmitting entity is equipped with four transmitting antennas (Nτ = 4), and the receiving entity is equipped with four receiving antennas (NR = 4). It is assumed that the MIMO channel is as described above for equation (1). Assuming that the received SNR is 20 dB, the received SNR is the SNR of the symbols received before the light receiving space processing. It is assumed that the receiving entity uses minimum mean square error (MMSE) receiver space processing techniques. Curve 710 shows the CDF of the total spectral efficiency without performing spatial expansion. Spectral efficiency is given in units of medians per second (bps / Hz). For the given spectral efficiency χ, 咖 indicates the probability that the total spectral efficiency is worse than χ. For example, point 712 indicates that the probability that the total spectral efficiency is worse than 9 bps / Hz without spatial expansion is one hundredth (10.2). If the transmitting entity encodes and transmits data at a total rate of $ bps / Hz, the probability that the receiving entity cannot correctly decode the data is one percent. This probability is commonly referred to as the "interruption" probability. Curves 720, 730, and 740 show the CDF of the total spectral efficiency achieved by spatial expansion using 4, 16, and 64 steering matrices, respectively. Points 722, 732, and 98367.doc -32 · 200534632 742 indicates that when 4, 16, and 64 steering matrices are used, respectively, the probability that the total spectral efficiency is inferior to 12.5, 14.6, and 15.8 bps / Hz is 1%. For 1% In terms of outage probability, the use of spatial expansion improves the overall spectral efficiency of this exemplary MIMO system from 9 bps / Hz to approximately 15.8 bps / Hz (using 64 steering matrices). Line 750 represents a 50% probability and is available Refer to it to determine the average total spectral efficiency of these four conditions. Figure 7 shows the performance of an exemplary MIM0 system with certain specific assumptions. In general, the amount of improvement can depend on a number of factors, such as, for example, mim 〇 The characteristics of the channel, the number of transmitting and receiving antennas, the space processing technology used at the receiving entity, the coding and modulation scheme for data transmission, etc. 2 MISO system MIS〇 The system uses multiple (Nτ) at the transmitting entity. Each) Transmitting antenna and using a single receiving antenna at the receiving body to transmit data. The MISO channel formed by Nτ transmitting antennas and a single receiving antenna is composed of a single spatial channel. The MISO channel can be characterized by the column vector l of the channel response response, klM2 ···;!, Where the term hj (bu 1 ·· &amp;) represents the loss between the transmission antenna j and a single receiving antenna. Spatial expansion can be used to randomize the effective MISO channel observed by a single antenna receiving entity, So that the performance is not subject to the worst channel conditions. For rigid systems, the transmitting entity performs spatial processing with a set of steering vectors. It is used for spatial expansion in the MISO system and spatial processing at the transmitting entity. It can be expressed as: Equation (13) 98367.doc 200534632 where S (m) is the data symbol to be transmitted in the transmission range m, and since m in π is the ττ 1 steering vector for the transmission range m ; And the heart ^ (111) is a vector of \ 1, which has Nτ transmission symbols to be transmitted by the transmission antennas in the transmission range. • Ή L sets to 4 and lists them as ω or! 0 ( Bu 1. &Quot; L). A steering vector in the set can be selected for each transmission range (for example, 'in a pseudo-random or deterministic manner, similar to the manner described above for the steering matrix). For each- The transmission range m is used by the transmission entity to perform spatial processing using the steering vector ♦) selected for the transmission range.

The received symbol with space expansion received at the receiving entity with r (m) as the transmission range m can be expressed as: Equation (14) heff (m) is the effective channel response for the transmission range m, which is n (m) is the noise in the transmission range. As shown in equation (14), since the spatial expansion is performed by the transmitting entity, the data symbol stream observes the effective channel response heff (m), which includes the actual channel response k (m) and the steering vector z (m). The receiving entity can use the effective channel response estimation iieff (m) to perform detection (for example, matched filtering or equalization) on the received symbol r (m) to obtain the detected symbol § (m). Learn. The receiving entity further processes (eg, demodulates, deinterleaves, and decodes) the detected symbol r (m) to obtain decoded data. The guidance vectors used for spatial expansion in the MISO system should have equal energies (for example, | Y (i | 2 = YH (i) .Y (i) = 1 (i = l. &Quot; L ", So that the transmission power used for the data symbol 98367.doc • 34-200534632 will not be changed by the spatial expansion. Some steering vectors can also be uncorrelated, so that between any two uncorrelated steering vectors The correlation is zero or a low value. This condition can be expressed as ... ⑴. 丄, j = l L, and ⑼, equation ⑴) where C (lj) is the steering vector 乂 (1) and "" ). The set of L steering vectors can be generated in various ways (for example, in a pseudo-random or deterministic manner, similar to that described above for the steering matrix). Generated as described above The rows of the steering matrix can be used to guide the vector for spatial expansion. Read the space expansion techniques described in this article in a variety of ways. For example, these techniques can be implemented in hardware, the human body, or a combination thereof. For hardware The yoke is a processing unit used to perform spatial expansion at the transmitting entity: it can be applied to one or more Special application integrated circuit (ASIC), digital signal processing unit (SP) digital δ1 No. 1 processing device (dspd), programmable logic device

, Processor, controller, and are designed to perform the functions described in this article. Used to execute space at the receiving entity One or more ASICs, DSPs, processors, etc. For software implementation, available Available to perform the functions described in this document

Gong Yanbing. Under the condition that the processing is to construct the memory outside the processor 98367.doc • 35 · 200534632, the memory unit can be communicatively coupled to the processor through various methods known to this technology. The headings included in this article are for reference and help locate specific sections. It is not intended that such headings limit the scope of the concepts described below, and that these concepts may also be applied throughout the entire patent specification. The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Many modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or analogy of the invention. Therefore, it is not intended that the present invention be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather that the present invention conform to a broad spectrum of principles consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein. [Schematic description] Figure 1 shows the procedure for transmitting data with space expansion. Figure 2 shows a procedure for receiving data with space expansion. Figure 3 shows a transmitting entity and a receiving entity in a MIMO system. Figure 4 shows the processing unit at the transmitting entity. Figure 5 shows the processing unit at the receiving entity. Figure 6 shows a procedure for generating a set of steering matrices for spatial expansion. Figure 7 shows a curve of the total spectral efficiency achieved by a 4x4 MIMO system. [Description of Symbols of Main Components] Probability Spectrum Efficiency 1, 10-1, 10-2, 10-3 6, 8, 8, 10, 12, 14, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22 98367.doc -36-200534632 100 Program 200 Program 300 ΜΙΜΟ system 310 transmission entity 320 transmission data processor 330 transmission space processor 332a to 332t transmission unit 334a to 334t antenna 340 controller 342 memory 350 receiving entity 352a to 352r antenna 354a to 354r receiver unit 360 receiving space processor 370 Receive data processor 380 controller 382 memory 384 channel estimator 4 1 0a to 41Ond data stream processor 412a to 412nd encoder 414a to 414nd channel interleaver 416a to 416nd symbol mapping unit 420 multiplexer / demultiplexer 442 Steering matrix memory 98367.doc • 37- 200534632 508 Multiplexer / demultiplexer 510a to 510nd lean stream processor 512a to 512nd symbol demapping unit 514a to 514nd channel deinterleaver 516a to 516nd decoder 710, 720, 730, 740 curve 712, 722, 732, 742 point 750 line 98367.doc 38-

Claims (1)

200534632 10. Scope of patent application: 1β A method for processing data for transmission in a wireless multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication system, comprising: processing data to obtain at least one data symbol block; and using a plurality of guides The matrix performs spatial processing on the at least one data symbol block to obtain a plurality of sequences of transmission symbols for a plurality of transmission antennas, wherein the plurality of steering matrices randomize the at least one data symbol block—by a receiving entity Observed effective MIMO channel. 2. The method as described in item 1, wherein the processing data to obtain the at least one data symbol block comprises: compiling stone data to generate at least one coded data block, and symbolically mapping each coded data block to obtain a corresponding data Symbol block. 3. The method of seeking item 1, further comprising:,: to the evening, the poor material number block is divided into a plurality of data symbol sub-blocks "Data symbol sub-block selection-a steering matrix, and wherein the benefit is at least-data Performing spatial processing on the symbol block includes performing spatial processing on the sub-block by using a steering matrix selected for each asset = sub-block. A method of dividing, wherein the at least `` data symbol block '' is added to another word-the mouth of the main early-data symbol block is divided into a plurality of data symbol sub-blocks. • The method of item 3, wherein the to-segmenting includes: performing a beating block to divide a hard number of data symbol blocks into a plurality of data symbol sub-blocks. 98367.doc 200534632 6 · If the segmentation of claim 3 includes ·> ', where the at least-data symbol block is performed at least once ★, 丨 Λ / Γ are made to each shell; The number block is divided into a plurality of data symbol sub-blocks, number. The sub-block includes data symbols from each of the at least-blocks 8. If so: The method of item 3, further comprising: ^ transmitting the plurality of sub-blocks in each transmission range to each sub-block in the transmission range. If the method of finding item 3 is further specified, it further comprises: spatially processing the data from each of the plurality of transmission antennas to transmit each block in a symbol period. Spatially processed data symbols 9. 10. The method of claim 3, further comprising :: transmitting a plurality of transmission antennas for each of the spatially processed data symbols ^ at least one sub-band to transmit on a separate group. The method as claimed in claim 1, further comprising: transmitting the plurality of order η of the transmission symbol from a plurality of transmission antennas such as far. As the method of the request, it further comprises: selecting from the set of L unitary matrices-a set The plurality of steering moments P, where L is an integer greater than 1. 12. The method of% finding item 1, further comprising: selecting a plurality of steering matrices from a set of L steering matrices in a deterministic manner, where L is an integer greater than 1. '13. The method of claim 1, further comprising: 98367.doc 200534632 selecting the complex numbers from one of the £ steering matrices by cycling through the L derived y matrices in order. Steering matrices, where B is an integer greater than 1. 14. The method according to the item of claim, further comprising: selecting the plurality of steering matrices from a set of L steering matrices in a pseudo-random manner, where L is an integer greater than. 15. The method of claim 3, further comprising: selecting a different steering matrix for each data symbol sub-block of the plurality of data symbol sub-blocks. 16. The method of claim 3, further comprising: = each subset of L sub-blocks in the plurality of sub-blocks selects L steering matrices in a different order, where L is-greater than by an integer. :: Method of finding term 1, where the plurality of steering matrices are derivatives of positive moment ft :: Car, in which any two of the plurality of steering matrices have a low correlation between the steering matrices Sex. 19. The method of claim 1, further comprising: using a base matrix and a plurality of matrices. A to generate the plurality of guiding moments 20. The method of claim 1 'its further steps include: based on an initial positive matrix and a matrix to generate the diagonal moments of the plurality of unit roots 21. In the eighth item of the request, L is an integer greater than 1. The method includes the following steps: soil; independent isotropic distribution, a set of positive matrices to generate these 98367.doc 200534632 plural steering matrices. 22. The method as requested, which further includes: processing the plurality of (OFDM) symbols of the transmission symbol for the positive parental frequency division 23. The method as claimed in claim 1, further comprising: A different steering matrix is selected for each of the plurality of sub-bands used for data transmission.卞 Collect ▼ Select the method as requested in item 24, which further includes: each symbol block is divided into a plurality of data symbol sub-blocks, and the sub-blocks are assigned at least-one of the sub-bands and two or more of these plurals Transmission antennas, and where the execution space: ... is processed by -individual steering moment spaces in the plurality of steering matrices. Sub-frequency K mother-group data symbol sub-block execution 25-a device in a wireless multi-input multi-output (M-thin) communication system including: a shell processor that processes data to obtain at least one data symbol Block; and, two processors that perform spatial processing on the at least one resource by a plurality of steering matrices; the bucket 5 tiger block performs spatial processing to obtain a transmission payment for a plurality of transmission antennas: a plurality of sequences, The plurality of steering matrices are randomized by the parent &gt; material number block, a valid MIMO channel observed by a receiving entity. 26. As set in item 25 of claim 25, wherein the data is coded to generate at least-coded 98367.doc 200534632 data blocks, and each of which is a block of data symbols. The data blocks are mapped to obtain a corresponding 27. device array such as item 25. Wherein the plurality of steering matrices are positive moments 28. As set in claim 25, wherein the spatial processor divides the at least one data symbol block into complex data symbol sub-blocks and uses the plurality of derivative Index one of the matrices to perform spatial processing on each of the plurality of data symbol sub-blocks. 29. The device of claim 28, further comprising: a controller that selects each data symbol sub-block of the plurality of data symbol sub-blocks from a set of L steering matrices-a steering matrix 'Where L is an integer greater than 1. 30. As set forth in claim 29, wherein the controller selects the plurality of steering matrices from the set of steering matrices in a deterministic manner. 31. The device according to item 29, wherein the controller selects the plurality of steering matrices from the set of l steering matrices in a pseudo-random manner. 32. The device of item 28, wherein the MIM〇 system utilizes orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM). 33. A device in a wireless multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication system, comprising: A means for processing data to obtain at least one data symbol block; and a means for performing spatial processing on the at least one data symbol block by a plurality of steering matrices to obtain a plurality of sequences of transmission symbols for a plurality of transmission antennas , Where the plurality of steering matrices are randomized by the at least one valid MIMO symbol block that is effective for receiving at least 97367.doc 200534632 body observations. 34. The device of claim 33, further comprising: block == less-the data symbol block is divided into a plurality of data symbol sub-blocks, each of the data symbol sub-blocks is a member of the data symbol sub-block ', and wherein it is used for execution space Processing data symbols :: block = 每 per-rational structure in a plurality of data symbol sub-blocks; U guides the matrix to perform space at 35. :: for the sub-block 33, where these plural The steering matrix is a positive moment. 36. The device of claim 33, further comprising: Optional: selecting a component of a plurality of steering matrices from a set of L steering matrices in a deterministic manner, where 37. The device of claim 33, further comprising: 38 a means for selecting the plurality of steering matrices in a set of-pseudo-random | one of the L steering matrices, where L is-greater than !! Integer. A method for processing data for transmission in a -wireless multiple-input-single-output ss) communication system, comprising: processing data to obtain a -data symbol block; and a plurality of steering vectors to the data symbol block The execution space is used to obtain a plurality of sequences of transmission symbols used for a plurality of transmission antennas. A plurality of steering vectors, such as β 〃 in β, are randomized for the data symbol block. 98367.doc 200534632 Effective MIS moved by a receiving entity 〇Channel. 39. The method of claim 38, further comprising: the == block is divided into a plurality of data symbol sub-blocks; and each data symbol sub-block in the data-data sub-block is optionally included. $ And wherein the data symbol block is subjected to spatial processing, and each of the data symbol subblocks in the second or second class of the data symbol 40 ST steering vector is used to perform spatial processing on the subblock. == 38's method 'wherein any of the plurality of steering vectors has a low correlation. 41_ The method of claim 38, further comprising: using a base matrix and at least one entity to create a, »,,, and tun to generate edges 4 plural guides to 篁 0 42. As in claim 38 Method, further comprising: equal selection 43. The method as in item 38, further comprising: ★ = a pseudo-random manner selecting the plurality of steering vectors from a set of L steering vectors, wherein L is an integer greater than 丨. 44. A method for receiving-data transmission in a wireless multiple-input-multiple-output (mim〇) communication system, comprising ... acquiring data symbols received for transmission via a MIM〇 channel such as by At least one of the plurality of steering matrices to be spatially processed: a negative response to obtain a channel response estimate formed by the MIMO channel and the plurality of steering matrices 98367.doc 200534632 an effective MIMO channel; and by using the channel Respond to the estimation to process the received data symbols in the receiver space to obtain a data symbol estimate for the at least one data symbol block. 45. The method of claim 4, further comprising: selecting a steering matrix for each transmission range, and wherein performing the receiving spatial processing comprises: comparing the steering matrix based on the steering matrix selected for each transmission range. The received data symbols for the transmission range perform receiver space processing. 46. The method of claim 44, further comprising: processing the data symbol estimates for the at least one data symbol block to obtain decoded data for the at least one data symbol block. 47. The method of claim 44, wherein the plurality of steering matrices are positive matrices. 48 · —A device in a wireless multiple input multiple output (MIMO) communication system, comprising: a plurality of receiver units for obtaining received data symbols, and the received data symbols are used for At least one data symbol block which is spatially processed by a plurality of steering matrices before being transmitted through a MIMO channel; a channel estimator for obtaining an effective one formed by the MIMO channel and the plurality of steering matrices Channel response estimation for one of the MIMO channels; and ^ a space processor for performing receiver space processing on the 98367.doc 200534632 received state data symbol by the channel response estimation to obtain the at least one tribute Material symbol estimates for material symbol blocks. 49. The device of claim 48, wherein the plurality of steering matrices are positive matrices. 50 «-A device in a wireless multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication system, which includes: ~ a component that obtains the data symbols of the poem, and the received data symbols are used in the -M fine channel A component of at least _data symbol block processed by a plurality of two-quote matrices and inter-heart processing before transmission; a means for obtaining a channel response estimate of a valid MIMO channel formed by the MIMO channel and the plurality of steering matrices And a means for processing the received data symbol 2 purifier space by the channel response estimation to obtain an estimate of a symbol number for the at least -f symbol block. 5L The device as claimed in claim 50, further comprising: means for selecting a steering matrix of _ 52 for each transmission range from L steering matrices, where B is an integer greater than _, and wherein: The means for performing receiver space processing includes means for performing receiver space processing on data symbols received for the transmission range based on a steering matrix selected for every two transmission ranges. -Wireless multiple-input single-output (ss) method for receiving an asset transmission in a communication system, which includes the received data symbols, and the received data symbols are used for transmission by the-hall 0 channel by a plurality of Steering vector plus 98367.doc -9- 200534632 spatially processed data symbol block; obtain a channel response estimate of an effective MIS 0 channel formed by the MISO channel and the plurality of steering vectors; and, by the The channel response estimation performs a pre-test on the received symbol and the received symbol to obtain a data symbol estimate for the data symbol block. 53. The method of claim 52, further comprising: selecting one of a set and wherein a steering vector based on L steering vectors for each transmission range for each transmission range is used, where L is A large Kit integer, a selected steering vector of a transmission range, to obtain a channel response estimate. 98367.doc