TW200531322A - Optimized piezoelectric transformer apparatus with maximum energy conversion efficiency - Google Patents

Abstract

A piezoelectric transformer apparatus is disclosed for converting electrical input energy into output for driving a load under optimized conditions. The transformer apparatus comprises at least one actuator section and at least one sensor section. The at least one actuator section has a modal-shaped electrode for optimized electrical-to-mechanical energy conversion for exciting mechanical vibration in the apparatus. The at least one sensor section has a sensor electrode with the electrical impedance of output static capacitance thereof matched to impedance of the load for optimized conversion of the energy of said excited mechanical vibration into electrical energy for driving said load.

Description

200531322 发明 Description of the invention: Background of the invention [Technical field to which the invention belongs] The field of the present invention mainly focuses on high-efficiency piezoelectric transducers with optimized conditions made of piezoelectric materials. In other words, the present invention proposes to use An innovative design method and process for a piezoelectric transformer to control its operation at the maximum energy transmission efficiency under the load condition. [Previous technology] Since the piezoelectric effect was discovered, its application and development in various fields have matured. With the maturity of materials science and microelectronics, components made of piezoelectric materials have become mass-producible Commercial products, with piezoelectric transformers with high energy conversion capability as one of the most popular products, occupy a very important position in the power supply system of various portable electronic products, such as notebook computers ( notebook), personal digital assistant (PDA), cell phone (ceMar phones), digital camera (digitalstm camera), and digital video camera (digital video camera). ▲ Piezoelectric transformer is a mechanical-electrical coupling electromechanical system. Under a specific working structure resonance mode, its actuator converts the input electrical energy into mechanical energy, stores it in the working mechanical resonance mode, and then The output of the stored mechanical energy into the required specific form of electrical energy by an inductor is an important basic element for the conversion of electrical energy specifications. This coupling effect, because the main consideration of a piezoelectric transformer is its ability to input and output electrical energy, its interface circuit is not the same as the piezoelectric interface circuit for general signals, such as charge amplifiers and current amplifiers with a virtual ground (persudo-ground). Method to avoid the force-electric coupling effect of the piezoelectric element and simply take out the mechanical vibration information of the piezoelectric element itself. However, the interface circuit of a piezoelectric transformer must match the voltage of the interface in order to effectively input and output electrical energy. The force between the electrical component itself and the circuit ^ The prototype of the piezoelectric transformer was proposed by CAROseri in 1956. Its basic structure is a narrow piezoelectric ceramic block with boundary conditions at the free end, and the transverse second resonant frequency as The second mode is 200531322 mode, and the node of this resonance mode is its component support area. Later, this type of piezoelectric transformer is called Rosen type piezoelectric voltage regulator (Rosensen e. One of 11 is a schematic diagram of a Rosen-type piezoelectric transformer, and 12 and 13 are its actuators and inductors, respectively. Because Rosen-type piezoelectric transformers work at the second resonance of their structure State, as shown by the strain and displacement shown in Figure 1. 'The interior is a full-wave standing wave (fat out wave). The basic design concept is to apply a half-cycle strain distribution and use an actuator to convert electrical energy. The input becomes mechanical energy, and then the strain distribution in the other half of the cycle is used to convert the mechanical energy into electrical energy. According to the design concept proposed by C. A. Rosen, the new piezoelectric transformer works in different vibration modes. Designs have also been proposed one after another. Among them, the most representative are the three-dimensional longitudinal mode piezoelectric transformers as shown in Figure 2 (A), and the third order longitudinal mode piezoelectric transformer, and the father shown in Figure 1 (B). A polarization transformer (aitematep〇iied Piez〇ctric transformer), and the central drive half-wavelength transformer (central drive-type half lambda mode piezoelectric transformer) shown in Figure 1 (C), but these three designs are basically only R. The variation of the sen type piezoelectric transformer did not really achieve a breakthrough in design, but only applied the original design concept to different working modes. Traditionally, the analysis of piezoelectric transformers The design introduces the theory of electronic equivalent circuit, and the electronic characteristics of its mechanical resonance are based on -equivalent electrical equivalent, so that this _ # Effective circuit can be directly placed into the drive circuit_ for design records. f RLC res〇nam drcuit represented by the Grindary differential equation. However, this series of traditional design methods only consider the electronic characteristics of the piezoelectric transformer in the working mode, and do not consider other resonant modes. The circuit design of the traditional piezoelectric transformer has inherent defects. Because it cannot fully ensure that it can work in the designed resonance mode, many complex driving circuits have also been proposed one after another, making its manufacturing cost impossible to reduce. In addition, the electromechanical characteristics of piezoelectric materials are environmental parameters. The quality factor (qUality factor) and resonance frequency (imitation of milk assisted pulling and sinking) will drift with the temperature and humidity in the environment. This complex material characteristic makes the whole system contain unstable factors, which greatly hinders the universality of power supply modules with piezoelectric transformers as the main components in the market. 200531322 [Summary of the invention] The body of the platen electric transformer = is a mechanical structure, and all its electromechanical characteristics are functions of time and space. 'The' governing equation is a partial differential equation (Kanabe Kalang equation). ' I believe that the equivalent circuit financial plan relies on the electrical transformation of the work efficiency, that is, the piezoelectric transformer air clearance information has been equivalent at the beginning of the design = Ignored, on the contrary 'this case eliminates the traditional design method, From _ Fang Fa of the piezoelectric transformer, to optimize the design for surface vibration and electrical characteristics, the innovative method proposed by this case can make the piezoelectric transformer reach its maximum energy transmission efficiency. ", Sigh, the newly-invented high-efficiency piezoelectric transformer with optimized conditions can be fine or multi-actuators. The application of its electrodes can provide a weight function in Na, and all of the The working resonance injection of electric energy input Lainu,-urban and rural _ fresh material effect output impedance matching-group or multiple groups do not _ shout impedance, fully inject all existing piezoelectric transformers, mechanical quantities into the attached towel, and reach the cost case inspection { Highly efficient round-bundled leaves with optimized age. This innovative design can force X to be used as the resonance mode of its optimal energy transmission scale. The conditions proposed by the new invention to ensure that the piezoelectric transformer can work in an optimized state under the conditions of loading are 'Yiao Miao! The best of all; ^ Electric energy transfer ^, the basic design framework of the present invention includes: At least one group The actuator and at least one set of inductors are arranged on a piezoelectric transformer. The brake uses modal actuators as its electrode shape to achieve the optimal design of converting electrical energy to mechanical energy, and the stored energy is determined by impedance ㈣ The slit 'converts mechanical energy into electrical energy into the load to optimize energy transmission conditions. The invention also proposes a systematic piezoelectric transformer design method and process. This innovative design method can ensure that the piezoelectric transformer can convert the input electric energy into a voltage and current type of a required specification with the best energy transmission efficiency. Different load circuits are filled, which is a piezoelectric transformer power supply system that can be directly inserted into mass production. [Simplified description of the loop type] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of strain and displacement of a Rosen piezoelectric transformer and a second resonance mode in which a boundary condition is a free end. Figure 2 (A) is a schematic diagram of the strain and displacement of a third-order transverse modal piezoelectric transformer with its boundary conditions at the free end and the third resonant mode in which it works. Fig. 2 (B) is a schematic diagram showing the strain and displacement of an alternate polarization piezoelectric transformer and a second resonance mode in which the boundary conditions are all free ends. Fig. 2 (C) is a schematic diagram of the strain and displacement of a centrally driven half-wavelength type piezoelectric transformer and the first resonance mode in which the boundary conditions are all free ends. FIG. 3 (A) is a side view of a piezoelectric thin plate having a thickness in a polarization direction. Fig. 3 (B) is a side view of a piezoelectric thin plate whose polarization direction is transverse. Figure 4 (A) is a schematic diagram of a multilayer piezoelectric transformer designed with the innovative design method proposed in this case. Fig. 4 (B) is a schematic diagram of the piezoelectric transformer in this case. Laminated face-to-face type designed by the proposed innovative design method ^ Figure 5 (A) is a schematic diagram showing a piezoelectric transformer driving circuit, which includes variable frequency modulation (Vrc) 'pulse modulation (pwm) and self-excitation (seifiresonance) drive. Fig. 5 (B) is a view on a face-to-face piezoelectric transformer in which the new invention works in the second mode. The shape of the effective electrode is the difficult actuator and modal inductor proposed by the case. FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a conventional technique of a self-excited piezoelectric transformer. Figure 7 shows the self-excited Rosen-type piezoelectric transformer working in the second mode of this case. Figure 8 shows the transfer function of the feedback inductor in Figure 7, where the black dots indicate the location of the case. The proposed feedback inductor can modulate its transfer function in the form of an electro-nano and space. Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the self-excited-central long-type piezoelectric transformer with the first mode of the mode efficiency proposed in this case. Fig. 10 shows the transfer function of the feedback inductor in Fig. 9. Among them, the shape of the feedback inductor and the spatial position machine proposed by the black dot wire in this case and its transfer function. FIG. 11 (A) is a schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of a piezo-transformed piezoelectric transformer of Yu Zuo in the second mode with optimized conditions proposed in this case. FIG. 11 (B) shows the optimal embodiment of the piezoelectric transformer with optimized conditions proposed in the present case. Yi Di Wei, Laminated Figures 12, (A) and (B) are 44mmx65mm < < 22mm Zanru type piezoelectric transformers 200531322 electric transformer to power supply system habit transfer function diagram, (C) and (D) Is a & coffee shift function with a size of 40 mm x 5 mm x 2 coffee. FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a conventional piezoelectric transformer as an energy regulation conversion element. Figure [Detailed description of the preferred embodiment] The governing equation of the piezoelectric material can be expressed as

Jijj = P ^ i? Dj, j = 0, (la) (lb) where "is displacements' Γ and Z) are stress and electrical displacement, respectively, p is the material density, an integer up to 3, because only the lateral direction is considered. Vibration, the physical force y in formula 经 is ignored, and the piezoelectric material itself does not have free electrons, so the free charge density of formula ⑽ has been removed. From formula 可, we can see that the governing equation of the piezoelectric material is One = partial differential equations, which is not traditionally represented by a single differential equation (ordinary differential function). The book can be summarized directly. The knife shows that the design of traditional piezoelectric transformers has narrative flaws. , Because in the design, she has completely ignored the information in it, so that the optimization conditions of the piezoelectric transformer cannot be reached. /. The design of the piezoelectric transformer shown in Figures 1 and 2 (A) (B) (C) shows that the piezoelectric transformer is composed of one or more groups of actuators and inductors. The mechanical structure works in a selected working mode to convert the input electric energy into the required voltage and current gauge. Its basic composition can be divided into Figure 3 (A) and Figure 3 (B). The piezoelectric thin plates are respectively polarized in the direction of the thickness direction, and are the basic structures of the actuator 12 and the inductor 13. Since the piezoelectric transformer is a thin and long thin plate with boundary conditions at both free ends, the resonance mode working in its transverse direction can be regarded as a one-dimensional structure. The basic assumption is that its length is much larger than its width and thickness. The thickness of the electrode is much smaller than the thickness of the structure, so that the structural information in the width and thickness directions cannot be seen at the wavelength of the & direction = 200531322 mode, but is only affected by the boundary conditions in the length direction, that is, the free end, and its The overall displacement distribution is symmetrically distributed on the neutral axis of the piezoelectric thin plate, as shown in Figure 3 (A) and Figure 3 (B). According to the one-dimensional assumption proposed earlier, the governing equations and constitutive equations of the one-dimensional piezoelectric thin plates shown in Figures 3 (A) and 3 (B) are ( The governing equation of 2a) (2b) (3a) (3b) (governing CA ^ U \ = 5 Τχ -cnux x -me31 (V3) mtD3 = e3luu ^ mss33 (V, y (4

^ 33 (^ 3) A = ^ 3,3 + 4 (4) where equations (2) and (3) are actuator 12 and inductor 13 equation, respectively, and a constitutive equation (constitute equation). Fig. 4 (A) and Fig. 4 (B) are the preferred embodiments proposed in this case, respectively, a multilayer Rosen-type piezoelectric transformer 41 and a multilayer face-to-face piezoelectric transformer 42, where 43 and 45 are respectively Multi-layer actuators and multi-layer inductors, and 44 are inductors. It is worth noting that Rosen-type piezoelectric transformers are formed by two non-polarized directions in a thin electrical plate, not two different ones. The piezoelectric thin plates of the polarization direction are connected, which means that different forms of piezoelectric transformers can be manufactured by applying different polarization directions in a piezoelectric thin plate. Based on this design parameter, this case proposes to actuate H 43 and induction The electrode of sub44 provides a weight function in Kong Cai, the so-called effective surface electrode, which introduces the strain that matches the resonance mode in the space with the modal actuator and modal inductor proposed in this case. Distribution, to achieve the optimal design of machine-electricity interchange in space. In other words, the optimized design of the mechanical part of the piezoelectric transformer is based on the effective surface electrode shape introduced in the space to match the strain distribution of its working mode to force the input energy into the specified mechanical resonance mode. State, and the electric energy stored in this working mode is completely sent to the circuit of the load. Most of the electric transformers are manufactured using the formula of lead zirconiatitanate, a 6mm symmetrical ceramic material (ceromic), and the piezoelectric transformer proposed in this case is a thin thin plate Working in the in-plane resonance transverse mode (10ngi plus dinai vibrati〇ns), the household weight is 11 200531322 When an electric field is applied in the χ3 direction, normal stress will only be generated in the main axis direction, the following That is, a transfer function and an input impedance (inpUt impedance) derived from a material and mechanical characteristics that take into account the overall power-on-power turn-on conditions of a piezoelectric transformer illustrate the innovative piezoelectric transformer design proposed in this case. General solution of piezoelectric transformer

Since the governing equations and constitutive equations of the one-dimensional piezoelectric thin plate introduced by equations (2) and (3) are derived from the partial differential equations of equation 1, the inclusive force can be derived. The transfer function (^ rapSfe / fbnction) of the Rosen-type piezoelectric transformer and the face-to-face piezoelectric transformer with electrical coupling parameters is as follows:-V j (〇ZLCs _m ~ ^ ~ PCs iAa ^ i (< X > jdx ^ ^ Ρ ^ Φί (h)] 瓦-武 {1ρ) [Φί {1ρ) ^ Φί W) Κ Μ l ^ J〇) Z ^ Cs (心 2 ((加) 〜2) 二 J 一 _ ", n And K: lt jc〇ZLCs, where fT and G are the input and output voltages, respectively, and are called the zth resonance frequency of the piezoelectric transformer, and Q and ZL are the output static capacitance of the piezoelectric transformer (〇utput static capadtanCe) and the load, respectively. Load impedance, (and p are the damping value and density of the piezoelectric transformer, respectively, and the spatial distribution of the f-th resonance mode in the ^ ⑵ generation. Z Equation 4 (a) represents the full length and The length of the actuator is called the weight function of the effective surface electrode of the actuator, and the fiber d represents the piezoelectric transformer of the scale surface type, and the multilayer type of the actuator The width and thickness of each layer are shown in Equation 4 (b), where the width and thickness of each layer of the face-to-face electric transformer are shown respectively. And the number of layers of the laminated inductor, the * towel 4 ^ & and & are (5a, b) (5c, d) = l < (^ M (x) dx9 A, = = iSfa (x ^ ( x) dx, S2 = lsa (x ^; (x) dx ^ 12 200531322

Where ΛΟΟ and & (x) are weight functions of the effective surface electrodes of the actuator and inductor. On the other hand, starting from the partial differential equations of Equation 1, the input impedance of the Rosen-type piezoelectric transformer and the face-to-face piezoelectric transformer including the force-electricity coupling parameters can also be derived, where i = 1 JC〇Ca {ω ^ 2ζ {] ώ) ω \ -ω2) ^ 1 1 e \, ^ i Z-， (6a) ω] w 4 pCa ll (-^ M · (x) dx ll Aa ( χ) ΦΙ (χ) άχ, (6b) and where

w (ο ^ + 2ζϋω) ω 「〇 ^ — w ja ^ C, ^ --- ^ l + jc〇ZLCs pCv 1 2 M« +2 ((»;-仞 2) — m w_ > ^ _ ^ L .〇〇5 'hjcoZLCsPCsSA (7a) (7b)

From the equations (4), (6), and (7) of the piezoelectric transformer's transfer function and input impedance considering the piezoelectric-electrical coupling parameters, it can be seen that the overall behavior of the piezoelectric transformer is the effective surface electrode shape of the actuator (4W ), The effective surface electrode shape (induction) of the inductor, the output static capacitance (Q), the load impedance (&), the number of multilayer actuator layers, the number of multilayer inductor sublayers (mj, the material of the piezoelectric transformer) Number ((and P), and the geometric shape of the piezoelectric transformer M (η ;, ί, &, / p), etc., from this we can see that the traditional piezoelectric transformer designed solely by the equivalent circuit, will Insufficient design parameters can be provided to ensure that the piezoelectric transformer can work at its optimal energy transmission efficiency. The following will describe the innovative design of the high-efficiency piezoelectric transformer with optimized conditions proposed in this case. The optimized design is different from piezoelectric inductors and piezoelectric actuators that generally have two contacts. A piezoelectric transformer is an energy transmission element with more than three contacts. Its resonance frequency and step-up / step-down ratio Will vary considerably with the impedance it is carrying, As a matter of fact, the resonance frequency and step-up / down ratio of a piezoelectric transformer will decrease as the load impedance decreases', and this material characteristic makes the piezoelectric transformer the best 13 200531322 because the cold cathode tube is not yet lit The impedance dropped to several hundred k hundred volts immediately after the impedance was reduced, and the piezoelectric transformer is 5 to 10 times this load, as shown in the transfer function 51 of Fig. 5 to drive the energy conversion of the cold cathode tube (CCFL). The component is nearly infinite. It needs a high voltage of several thousand volts to light it, ohm, and its required working voltage only needs a few impedances, and its step-up / step-down ratio can be reduced to and transferred from about 2500 times. Function 52. Because the main consideration of the waste power transformer is its ability to transmit energy, many conventional technologies use the size of the electric power to determine the maximum energy value that it can input, but it is reduced by the mine proposed in this case. «Lai's design method knows that—the energy that can be transmitted by pressing lightly is not only affected by the size of the party, such as changing the surface of the touch to read the state of the most expensive transmission efficiency 'is its most important design consideration. , The most Wei R_ type piezoelectric transformer set in this case The device can output two to three times the wattage of a conventional R_ type piezoelectric transformer of the same size, same heating value and professional environment under the job secret. The electronic properties of the piezoelectric transformer designed in this case will be discussed separately below. The optimal design of the value and mechanical properties. The best energy transmission efficiency is achieved by impedance matching. The output impedance of the piezoelectric transformer is a static capacitance. Here ^ 叩 ㈣⑽ ^ "is the static capacitance of its output inductor. Its equivalent output impedance is | 1 / yiyCi |, so the condition for the best monthly t * transmission of the electrical properties of the piezoelectric transformer is that its output impedance matches its load impedance ZL (i〇a (jimpe (jance), that is, li / yAhz ^ 'Piezoelectric transformers working under this condition can achieve the optimal design of mechanical energy to electrical energy output, in other words, its working conditions with maximum energy output and best efficiency. The input impedance and system transfer function of a face-to-face piezoelectric transformer that works under optimized conditions can be simplified to the following formulas) and swollenness) 11 1 (tsuka + 2〇 / called 黾 一 ω2), will be 7 ^ 谲 2 + 〒 ( 》 茕 -still 2), (8a ma ——— a52 (8b) K ° r _y / c〇ZrCx Λ PCs _

Vll 1 + j ^ ZLCs (^ 2 +-ω2) 200531322 (9a) (9b) (9c) sxs ”s's”, 4 2 ts pCs

K Pca s 2 ts pQ sxs2. 2 ('(plus) shame = 2 ((plus) call — Δ ls y ^ s

Equation (9) shows that when the output impedance matches the on-load impedance, the resonance frequency and damping value of the piezoelectric transformer are reduced. This phenomenon represents that the mechanical energy with pressure is absorbed by the load, forming a = mechanical damping value. Appeared in its mechanical system, in other words, the mechanical characteristics of piezoelectric transformers will change with the change of electrons, which means that the piezoelectric transformer is indeed a force-electrically coupled energy transmission element, and its towel is worth mentioning- , The output impedance and the attached gamma impedance will be generated in the transfer function of the piezoelectric transformer-Nantong crossing wave (high 卞 assfliter), such as private) and (place), this high, it is considered that the wave transformer will transform the piezoelectric The phase shift of H is the result of matching the on-load impedance for the output static capacitance, and this _ 高 通 舰 || When the sister ’s anti-low impedance, the step-up ratio will be greatly reduced ). ▲ Since electric transformers are more likely to choose piezoelectric ceramic materials with high quality factors (up to about 2000), the second term of formula (9C) will be much larger than the structure itself when the output impedance matches the load impedance. Damping (, so-the face-to-face piezoelectric transformer under the best output electrical matching working conditions, the overall system's step-up / step-down ratio can be simplified into the following formula:

72 ^ 4. K mA (10) From the above formula (10), it can be seen that the step-up / step-down ratio of a face-to-face piezoelectric transformer is a function of its multilayer actuator and induction sublayer ratio and the effective surface electrode shape 4q Since the electrode shapes of the actuator and the inductor are fixed, the step-up / step-down ratio of the -Saki surface pressure manometer can be directly determined by the layered actuator and the number of layers of the inductor, and it is opposite to the single layer. As an example, the piezoelectric transformer has a number of layers, so its step-up / step-down ratio is fixed to 〆. This is completely determined by the effective surface electric shock shape of the actuator and inductor, so an optimized face-to-face type is being designed. When designing a piezoelectric transformer, the size of the design is thin or light or the number of layers of the base-type coin is used to optimize the design of electronic impedance matching, and then the number of layers of the multilayer actuator is adjusted to adjust the 氕 / 氕 ratio. 15 200531322 value to achieve the required step-up / step-down ratio. In addition, the resistance of the input impedance can also be adjusted by the number of layers of the multilayer actuator to match the output impedance of the driving circuit of the piezoelectric transformer to achieve the piezoelectricity. Design of the best energy transmission efficiency of the overall electrical properties of the transformer. According to the above discussion of face-to-face piezoelectric transformers, it can be known that this optimized design concept can also be applied to Rosen-type piezoelectric transformers, whose system transfer function (Equation 4⑻) and input impedance & (6 (a)) It also has the same effect of electromechanical coupling. The difference is that the output inductor can only match the load impedance with a geometric shape to achieve the optimal design of the output inductor energy transfer. The following will be based on the concept of space-efficient surface electrode distribution. An innovative design concept for optimizing the mechanical properties and energy transmission of a piezoelectric transformer is proposed to match the working mode strain distribution to achieve the optimal energy transmission efficiency of the mechanical properties. According to Equation (4), Equations ⑹ and ⑺, we can see that the overall system characteristics of piezoelectric transformers Depending on its structural resonance mode and electronic equivalent impedance, this relationship can be seen from equations (5), (6b), (7b), and equations, and the effect of this force-electric coupling is traditionally analyzed by equivalent circuits What is impossible to achieve in this way, in other words, all the components on the equivalent circuit are a function of the spatial information of the mechanical vibration of the piezoelectric transformer. The traditional analysis method ignores this at the beginning. Important parameters, so that the optimal working point of the piezoelectric transformer cannot be truly achieved. It is worth noting that the effective surface electrode distribution times ⑷ and ^ ⑻ of the actuator and inductor will weight the strain of the piezoelectric transformer in space. Effect, this case and based on this characteristic, it is proposed to use the distribution of effective surface electrodes in space to match the strain distribution of the working mode of the structure to achieve the optimal design of the mechanical characteristics of the piezoelectric transformer. The application of modal inductors and modal actuators to flexible structures was proposed by Li Shiguang in 1978. The basic concept is to use the shape of the effective surface electrode of a piezoelectric film to match the strain distribution of resonant modes in space. In order to eliminate the problem of modal overflow in the control of flexible structures, this design concept is introduced in this case. The effective surface electrode distribution of actuators and inductors can also be used to structure space in space. The distribution (w or weight effect (such as formula (4), formula (6) and formula (7)), with the characteristics of orthogonal modes, makes mechanical energy and electric energy interchange only in the specified resonance mode, so that The basic concept to achieve the optimized design of the mechanical properties of piezoelectric transformers is: ,, 200531322 | ί4 (χΜ (χ) Office = 1, when i = J, (11) and if by ·, then formula (11) is zero, Replace the (x) band in the formula with 冼 (x), and replace the 式 band in the formula with X (x), which is Hema in formula (5), then the piezoelectric transformer actuator and inductor can only look at To the mechanical properties of the selected working mode, this case is to use this innovative design to fully input all electrical energy by the modal actuator In the selected working mode, a modal actuator is used to send the injected electric energy completely into the load, so as to achieve the optimal energy transmission efficiency design of the mechanical properties of the piezoelectric transformer, in other words, 'Electric transformer' Under this condition, it is a structure with only a single resonance frequency, and can be simulated by an equivalent circuit generally expressed by ordinary differential equations. Like the traditional design method, the high efficiency voltage with optimized conditions designed in this case The electrical transformer can be directly incorporated into the driving circuit with an equivalent circuit, which becomes the overall design parameter. Figure 5 is a top view of a preferred embodiment of a face-to-face piezoelectric transformer, in which the effective surface of the modal actuator is The electrode plate 51 matches the first half-wave strain distribution of the second mode of operation, and the effective surface electrode plate 52 of the modal actuator matches the second half-wave strain distribution of the first mode of operation. In this way, the piezoelectric The optimized design of the electronic and mechanical properties of the transformer is based on its electronic impedance and the "Electrical efficiency of the most efficient electric transformer. The basic design requirements for a high-efficiency piezoelectric transformer are: The output impedance of the inductor is matched to the load impedance, and the apparent strain distribution is collected by the modal crane and the 鄕 inductor. The piezoelectric transformer feedback inductor design is based on the same proof method and formulas ⑺ and ⑶. The governing equation of the one-dimensional piezoelectric thin plate can be used as an output terminal to send electrical energy, and can also be used as a feedback inductor, and the piezoelectric: transformer working frequency feedback inductor does not need to consider high energy The output only needs to take out the structural vibration data II;: the effect of "= number of rounds = ~ j IP, a 3¾ service) The vibration information transmission of the working crane of the transformer __ Road, the main consideration of the inductors at the output terminal of Edian is Achieving the best energy; 17 200531322 = It is necessary to consider that the energy will not leak from the feedback inductor, and can completely take out the required information. The basic design condition of the consumption domain is to be able to transmit real-time structural information without The feedback inductor will be set on the piezoelectric transformer to make a self-excited circuit. Figure 4 is a conventional technique. Among them, 61 is the feedback inductor, which is the feedback load impedance. But the feedback inductor is in space. Design parameters in It has not yet been proposed. Two = traditional scale effect. Design button. The button does set the E. inductor accurately _ ^ = ^ as a series parameter. In this case, Jing proposed the design of a piezoelectric plane hybrid hybrid scale circuit in the system. The effective surface electrode of the face-to-face piezoelectric transformer ^^ in 4⑻ is regarded as a thief responder. It can be seen that the feedback inductor feeding function is a function of the shape and position of the body, in other words, the transfer of the feedback inductor The function will be changed in accordance with the change of the information in the workshop. Based on this feature, this case proposes to design the feedback electrode, the surface electrode shape and its spatial position, and design—which can provide the optimal feedback induction for driving the electric junction & child. Fig. 7 shows an example of a Rosen-type piezoelectric transformer designed according to this innovative design concept, in which the feedback inductor 72 is sent back from the interface circuit 71 to the actuator 43 to be driven. Piezoelectric transformer 41 may be a preferred embodiment of a self-excited Rosen electromedical transformer. This spatial effect can be seen by moving the transfer function measured by the feedback inductor in FIG. 7. FIG. 8 shows the measured The second transfer function is 8 and its black point is the feedback inductor which gradually depends on the actuator. The frequency of the zero point between the second and third modes can be obtained from the figure. The spatial position, the design of the optimized feedback inductor in this case can provide a designable feedback transfer function, as shown in Figure 7 ^ the = mode can be eliminated or its phase can be turned 180 degrees, this transfer Functions can be used in self-excited circuits. ® 9 is a preferred embodiment of the center-driven piezoelectric transformer shoe driven in the first mode. The feedback inductor is placed in the center of the piezoelectric transformer H. When the area changes from large to small, such as The transfer function 101 in Figure 由 can be seen from Figure 10 because the centrally-driven piezoelectric transformer automatically cancels the central symmetrical even-numbered modes, and the phase of the third mode can be eliminated or completely eliminated. This transfer function can be used in Self-excited circuit. The previously proposed design methods can be directly applied to multilayer piezoelectric transformers. Figures 11 (A) and 11 (B) are preferred implementations of piezoelectric transformers driven in the second and first modes, respectively. 18 200531322 = The design of the transformer can be multi-layered, providing different second and second layers 111 in different layers can be used to design a multi-functional piezoelectric transformer; J isi ium * β can be used to match money and electrical materials U (A) and Figure 11 (B) and its energy transmission part, in which the feedback inductors ΐ2 and ⑴ are designed with the second and first modal inductors The preferred embodiment is that the feedback inductor designed by this feedback inductor will only send out the second and second read-out circuits, and only the resonance frequency is sent back to the driving circuit of the piezoelectric cage. It can simplify its handling parts to achieve the goal of reducing costs.

The point that must be put forward is that since the main focus of self-excited circuits is the phase distribution of feedback inductors, self-excited piezoelectric transformers in the form of bribes can be used in this case with adjustable transfer functions. The feedback sensor design should be included in the scope of this case. /… -It may be possible to recognize Lin_her face. _Se discussion pensatiQn coffee post should be enough to adjust the electric power ⑽ the thief responder _ shift function, does not need the empty _ variable ability of the response _ response as proposed in this case The method of Lai Wei, but there are _ basic can prove that the thief Ying Wei Lai Wei Li proposed in this case is beyond the traditional phase compensation circuit, the first, piezoelectric transformer! I is essentially a mechanical structure, and the resonance frequency appears at twice the frequency, but the electronic filter can only provide 10 times the level of filtering effect, which is not enough to eliminate the modal information of other non-working resonance frequencies. Second, the phase change of the electronic filter itself will greatly distort the characteristics of the structure itself, which will cause difficulties in the design of the drive circuit. Instead, it will need to increase the cost to use more components to complete the feedback circuit. The proposed method of the feedback inductor with two modulation forces in this case, the feedback circuit of the piezoelectric transformer can effectively simplify and reduce costs, and it is compatible with mass production, because it only needs to be produced. When the electrode is coated, it can be directly mapped on the piezoelectric transformer, which greatly reduces its production cost. Optimizing the size of piezoelectric transformers. All discussions of piezoelectric transformers assume that they are a one-dimensional narrow structure that works at the resonance frequency in the k-direction. However, it is basically a narrow one in the south frequency range. Thin plate, because of the structural resonance wavelength (wavelength) will see the boundary effect in the width direction, in a length and width of 200531322 鬲 are 40mm x 6.5mm x 2.2mm, respectively, and a piezoelectric transformer operating at about 80kHz, The resonance modes in the width direction and thickness direction appear in the frequency range of 100 twisted 2 and 1000] ^ 2, which will generate noise in the output and energy, and loss the life of the piezoelectric transformer itself and its load circuit, such as Cold-cathode tubes, and this effect cannot be solved with the modal actuators and modal inductors proposed in this case, because their basic assumption is that they are constructed in a one-dimensional narrow structure. In order to reduce the effect of this effect, this case proposes to reduce this noise by using an integer ratio of the aspect ratio of the piezoelectric transformer, so that the structure's high-frequency resonance mode will be minimized, because all parties Resonant modes with the same wavelength will appear at the same resonant frequency. This size effect can be obtained from the transfer function of the piezoelectric transformer in Figure 12, where Figures 12⑷ and 12 ([) are the aspect ratios of • 4mmx6 The transfer function of a piezoelectric transformer of .5mmx2 · 2 ship. Figures 12 (B) and 12 (D) show the transfer function of a piezoelectric transformer with an aspect ratio of 40mmx5mmx2mm. The piezoelectric transformer can be seen from the figure ^ When the size of S is an integer ratio, the high-lying state effect is simplified, thereby reducing the output of high-frequency noise. This is the degeneracy of the structure. Design process of high-efficiency piezoelectric transformers with optimized conditions According to the various design parameters and conditions of the high-efficiency piezoelectric surface with optimized conditions proposed in this case, Machi proposed this—optimized design of piezoelectric transformers. Touch: "

A) According to the specifications and ratio of voltage / current / wattage required by the load, choose a piezoelectric transformer that can meet this requirement. 2. The power frequency (working mode) of the Hi-Hi piezoelectric transformer and the supply required by the loaded circuit. C) Set the size of the piezoelectric transformer H to a certain specific integer ratio. Can this—M electric transformers: the best energy transmission conditions, including the shape design of the modal actuator and the modal it inductor, and the load impedance value to be matched. , E) To change the impedance of the H-size or input-layer observing inductor of the county power plant to match the load impedance. W boarding wheel F) Determine the number of layers of the multi-layer actuator to achieve the required lift ratio or drop view. Dou Xi prepares the method of Dingqing electric transformer drive circuit in order to drive the repeater to work in the set view of the optimized work. This scale circuit can be achieved in any way. 20 200531322 Η) Applying the characteristics of multiple sets or multi-layer electrodes on a piezoelectric transformer, adding any electrode capable of stabilizing the circuit, such as reducing the number of electronic components, in addition to other functional electrodes between the feedback inductors proposed in this case Included. ~ Μ 'Basic design flow of high-efficiency piezoelectric transformers with optimized conditions According to the various design and conditions of high-efficiency piezoelectric transformers with optimized conditions proposed in this case, the following presents the basics of a piezoelectric transformer Optimized design process ... > A) According to the required voltage / current / wattage specifications, select a suitable piezoelectric transformer, which includes ...

-The step-up ratio or step-down ratio is determined by the number of layers of the actuator. -Adjust the output impedance to match the load impedance based on the number of layers of the inductors or the overall size of the piezoelectric transformer. ’-Select the operating resonant frequency and the required transmission energy requirements suitable for the load circuit. -The type of piezoelectric transformer can include various piezoelectric transformers, such as a multilayer or single-layer RGsen surface electrical device, a riding or single-layer opposite surface electrical transformer, and a multilayer or single-layer central driving piezoelectric Optimal implementation of the transformer B) Find the optimal working conditions of the selected piezoelectric transformer:-Match the load impedance with the equivalent electronic impedance of the output electrode. -The distribution of modal strains selected by actuating the effective surface electrode miscellaneous series of coins and coins. C) The method of selecting the driving circuit of the piezoelectric transformer is to optimize the design work bar. D) Add any electrode that can simplify the circuit. Therefore, according to the parameters and conditions of the high-efficiency piezoelectric meter with optimized conditions proposed in the present case, it can be seen that the piezoelectric transformer is a fully integrated machine of electromechanical power and operates at the resonance frequency of the selected working mode. Therefore, according to the various design parameters and conditions of the high-efficiency piezoelectric transformer with optimized conditions proposed in the present case, the governing equation of the piezoelectric transformer is a partial differential equation. This case considers the governing effect of the combined effect of the power and electric vehicles. The equation 'It can be seen that the transfer function of the piezoelectric transformer is a function of electronic and mechanical properties' is not ignored as traditional information. This case also proposes a naval actuator and induction based on this-characteristics to achieve its optimal conditions in space. The optimized design of high-efficiency piezoelectric transformers with various interface drive circuits or load circuits will affect the electronic characteristics of the piezoelectric transformers. The design concept of the feedback tip mentioned in this case & The position and shape of the electrode in j adjust the transfer function required by the feedback circuit to reduce the feedback circuit power. == Self-excited piezoelectric transformer is an optimized design. Figure 13 is based on voltage = voltage Is. The basic block diagram of the traditional power supply system of the transducing element. Among them ⑶ 132 is the traditional piezoelectric transformer supply module, 133 is the load circuit. Figure 14 shows the basic area of the high-efficiency transfer cage with optimized conditions. Block diagram, connected to ψ 1 is a piezoelectric transformer, the optimized actuation proposed in the 142 Lin case 11 '143 is the optimized inductor in the case, 144 is the ground terminal, and 145 is the feedback inductor in the case. , ⑽ The motor can reach the best working circuit of the piezoelectric transformer. The aforementioned new inner valley of the optimized design method proposed in this case shall be the scope of the application included in the case, as defined by the scope of the attached patent application. ’Any different combination but created using this case, so the scope of protection of the present invention

Claims (1)

200531322 Scope of patent application: 1. A high-efficiency piezoelectric transformer with optimized conditions. The high-efficiency piezoelectric transformer works in a specified working mode and can input the input power in another form of power. ^ To its load, the high-efficiency piezoelectric transformer includes: 8. At least one set of modal actuators is disposed on the high-efficiency piezoelectric transformer, and the modal inductor matches the strain distribution of its working mode with the shape of its effective electrode. To achieve the optimized design of the electrical energy of the high-efficiency actuator; and & at least one set of modal inductors is disposed on the high-efficiency piezoelectric transformer, and the output of the modal inductors The equivalent electronic impedance of the static capacitor looks at the impedance of the load, in order to look at the optimized design of the mechanical energy conversion of the reactor. 2. The high-efficiency piezoelectric transformer according to item 1 of the application, wherein the modal actuator is a multilayer actuator. ° 3. The high efficiency piezoelectric transformer according to item 1 of the patent application, wherein the modal inductor is a multilayer inductor. 4. The high-efficiency piezoelectric transformer according to item 3 of the patent application, wherein the multi-layer inductive subsystem adjusts the output impedance value to match the load impedance with the number of layers of the multi-layer inductor. 5. If the high-efficiency piezoelectric transformer in item 1 of the scope of patent application, its output impedance value is adjusted to match the load impedance with its overall size. 6. The high-efficiency piezoelectric transformer according to item 1 of the patent application scope, which is a face-to-face piezoelectric transformer. 7. The high-efficiency piezoelectric transformer according to the first patent application scope, which is a R0sen type piezoelectric transformer. 8. The high-efficiency piezoelectric transformer according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, which is a centrally driven piezoelectric transformer. 9. The high-efficiency piezoelectric transformer according to item 1 of the application, wherein the at least one set of modal actuators and the at least one set of modal inductors are separated by an insulating layer. 10. The high-efficiency piezoelectric transformer according to item 2 of the application, wherein the multi-layer actuator adjusts the step-up ratio or step-down ratio of the high-efficiency piezoelectric transformer by the number of layers of the multi-layer actuator. 11. The high-efficiency piezoelectric transformer according to item 2 of the patent application, wherein the multilayer actuator 23 200531322 adjusts the input impedance value to match the wheel output impedance of the driving circuit with the number of layers of the multilayer actuator to achieve the electronic characteristics of the input end. optimize. 12. The high-efficiency piezoelectric transformer, such as the first item in the scope of patent application, reduces the high-frequency modal effect with a structure size that is an integer ratio. 13. —A kind of high-efficiency piezoelectric transformer with optimized conditions. The high-efficiency piezoelectric transformer works in a specified working mode and can input the input electric energy to its load in another form of electric energy. The efficiency piezoelectric transformer includes: at least one set of modal actuators disposed on the high-efficiency piezoelectric transformer, and the modal inductor matches the strain distribution of its working mode with its effective electrode shape to achieve the high-efficiency actuator. Optimized design of electrical energy to mechanical energy; at least one set of modal inductors is set on the high-efficiency piezoelectric transformer, and the output static capacitance of the modal inductors is equivalent to the electronic impedance matching the load impedance to achieve the mechanical energy of the inductors. Optimized design of transfer power; and at least one set of feedback inductors, the spatial position and shape of the feedback inductors have been specified, and the spatial position and shape provide a designed signal to return the high-efficiency piezoelectric The transformer driving circuit drives the high-efficiency piezoelectric transformer to work in the specified working mode. 14. The high-efficiency piezoelectric transformer according to item 13 of the application, wherein the modal actuator is a multilayer actuator. 15. The high-efficiency piezoelectric transformer according to item 13 of the application, wherein the modal inductor is a 'multilayer inductor'. 16. The high-efficiency piezoelectric transformer according to item 15 of the application, wherein the multilayer induction system adjusts the output impedance value to match the load impedance by the number of layers of the multilayer inductor. 17. The high-efficiency piezoelectric transformer such as the 13th in the scope of patent application, which adjusts the output impedance value to match the load impedance with its overall size. 18. The high-efficiency piezoelectric transformer according to item η of the patent application range, wherein the multi-layer actuator adjusts the step-up ratio or step-down ratio of the high-efficiency piezoelectric transformer by the number of layers of the multi-layer actuator. 19. The high-efficiency piezoelectric transformer according to item 14 of the scope of patent application, wherein the multi-layer actuator adjusts the input impedance value to match the output impedance of the driving circuit by the number of layers of the multi-layer actuator, so as to optimize the electronic characteristics of the input end. . 24 200531322 20 · The high-efficiency piezoelectric transformer according to item 13 of the scope of patent application, which reduces the high-frequency modal effect with a structure size that is an integer ratio. ^ 21. The high efficiency piezoelectric transformer according to item 13 of the patent application, wherein the feedback inductor provides a designed feedback information to a self-excited circuit. 22. The high-efficiency piezoelectric transformer according to item 13 of the application, wherein the at least one set of modal actuators, at least one set of modal inductors, and at least one set of feedback inductors are separated by an insulating layer. 23. The high-efficiency piezoelectric transformer according to item 13 of the scope of patent application, which is a face-to-face piezoelectric transformer. 24. The high-efficiency piezoelectric transformer according to item 13 of the scope of patent application, which is a Roseri-type | electric transformer. 25 The high-efficiency piezoelectric transformer according to item 13 of the scope of patent application, which is a center-driven piezoelectric transformer. X '26 · A high-efficiency piezoelectric transformer with optimized conditions. The high-efficiency piezoelectric transformer operates in a specified operating mode, and can input the input power into its load in another form of power. The high-efficiency piezoelectric transformer includes: at least one set of modal actuators disposed on the high-efficiency piezoelectric transformer, and the modal inductor matches the strain distribution of its working mode with its effective electrode shape to achieve the high-efficiency piezoelectric transformer. Optimal design of the actuator's electrical energy into mechanical energy; at least one set of modal inductors is set in the high-efficiency piezoelectric transformer, and the output of the modal inductors Domain Yingzi Machinery_Optimized design of electric energy; and at least one set of feedback inductors, the spatial position and shape of the feedback inductors have been specified, and the spatial position and shape provide a designed signal to return to the A circuit of a high-efficiency piezoelectric transformer to drive the high-efficiency piezoelectric transformer to work in the specified working mode; wherein the structure size of the high-efficiency piezoelectric transformer is an integer ratio to reduce high frequency News. 27. The high-efficiency piezoelectric transformer according to item 26 of the application, wherein the modal actuator is a multilayer actuator. 28. A high-efficiency piezoelectric transformer with a patent scope of 帛 2㈣, wherein the modal inductor is a multilayer inductor. 25 200531322 29. The high-efficiency piezoelectric transformer according to item 28 of the application, wherein the multilayer induction system adjusts the output impedance value to match the load impedance with the number of layers of the multilayer inductor. 30. For the high-efficiency piezoelectric transformer according to item 26 of the patent application, the output impedance value is adjusted to match the load impedance with its overall size. 31. The high-efficiency piezoelectric transformer according to item 27 of the application, wherein the multi-layer actuator adjusts the step-up ratio or step-down ratio of the high-efficiency piezoelectric transformer by the number of layers of the multilayer actuator. 32. If the high-efficiency piezoelectric transformer according to item 27 of the patent application scope, wherein the multilayer actuator is to adjust the input impedance value to match the output impedance of the driving circuit with the number of layers of the multilayer actuator, to optimize the electronic characteristics of the input end. . θ 33. The high-efficiency piezoelectric transformer according to item 26 of the patent application scope, wherein the feedback storage is provided with a designed feedback information to a self-excited circuit. ^ 34. The high efficiency piezoelectric transformer according to item 26 of the application, wherein the at least one set of modal actuators, at least one set of modal inductors and at least one set of feedback inductors are separated by an insulating layer. . 35. The high-efficiency piezoelectric transformer, such as the scope of application for patent No. 26, is a face-to-face piezoelectric transformer. 36. The high-efficiency piezoelectric transformer according to item 26 of the patent application, which is a Rosen-type piezoelectric transformer. 37 The high-efficiency piezoelectric transformer according to item 26 of the patent application, which is a center-driven piezoelectric transformer. ~ 丨 38 · —A method for designing a high-efficiency piezoelectric transformer with optimized conditions. The steps include: A) Determine the specifications of the voltage / current / wattage of the load that the high-efficiency piezoelectric transformer needs to provide. Step-up ratio or step-down ratio; B) determine the working mode of the high-efficiency piezoelectric transformer and the way of supplying power required by the load circuit; ° C) set the size ratio of the high-efficiency piezoelectric transformer to a certain A specific integer ratio; D. ) Find out the best energy transmission cake of the high-scale piezoelectric transformer 包含 includes the shape design of the multilayer modal actuator and the multilayer modal inductor, and the load impedance required to match; E) Change the high efficiency The size of the compressor or the number of layers of the multilayer crane inductor, adjust the output impedance to match the load impedance; 26 200531322 F) determine the number of layers of the multilayer actuator to achieve the required step-up or step-down ratio G) the method of selecting the high-efficiency light-voltage H crane circuit to drive the high-efficiency electric transformer to work in a design optimized operating mode; and H) setting the minimum-group feedback inductor to simplify the high-voltage Number of efficiency piezoelectric transformer circuit elements. 39 ·-A method for designing a high-efficiency piezoelectric transformer with optimized conditions, the steps include: a) determining the specifications of the electrical m watts required for the high-efficiency power transmission and the required boost ratio Or step-down ratio; B) determine the X-mode of the South-efficiency piezoelectric transformer and the way of supplying power required by the load-bearing circuit; C) find out the optimal energy transmission conditions of the high-efficiency converter cage, Including the shape design of the fiber actuator and the modal inductor, and the matching load impedance required; D) The method of selecting the high-efficiency piezoelectric transformer driving circuit to drive the high-efficiency piezoelectric transformer to work in the most designed Optimize the working mode; and E) Set at least one set of feedback inductors to simplify the number of circuit elements of the high-efficiency piezoelectric transformer. Is a specific integer ratio. 41. The high-efficiency piezoelectric transformer according to item 39 of the scope of the patent application, which adjusts the output impedance to match the load impedance by changing the size of the high-efficiency piezoelectric transformer. 42. The high-efficiency piezoelectric transformer according to item 39 of the application, wherein the modal actuator is a multilayer actuator. 43. The high-efficiency piezoelectric transformer according to item 42 of the application for a patent, wherein the multi-layer actuator is to change the number of layers to achieve the required step-up ratio or step-down ratio. 45. The high-efficiency piezoelectric transformer according to item 39 of the application, wherein the modal inductor is a multilayer inductor. 46. The high-efficiency piezoelectric transformer according to item 45 of the application, wherein the multilayer induction system adjusts the output impedance to match the load impedance by changing the number of layers. 27