200527077 (1) 九、發明說明 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明是有關於適用於使用作爲透過液晶面板的背面 光，尤其是冷陰極螢光管（CCFL)的放電電極’放電燈 ，放電電極的製造方法及製造裝置。 【先前技術】 冷陰極螢光管的電極是由其形態被稱爲杯部。爲了發 光該冷陰極螢光管，在該杯部負荷著高電壓的交流電源之 故，因而容易發熱而使其通電特性降低’有降低背面光的 亮度的趨勢。 所以，作爲杯材，如專利文獻1也記載著，代替從前 的Ni，包括導入線，材質上導熱係數也優異，耐高溫，而 在高溫下通電特性也不受影響，耐濺鍍性優異的如W，Nb ，T a，Μ 〇的高融點金屬的使用較理想。 又，在專利文獻2，揭示著須提昇杯部與配線部的強 度與導熱係數而爲將杯部的配線部作成一體構造，以添加 少量N i的此些高融點材來代替從前的拉線，經注射成形 該粉末’再藉由添加La2〇3，Y2O3，Zr〇2，Ce〇2等氧化物 來改善放電特性。 又’在專利文獻3及非專利文獻1，揭示作爲此種電 極的製造法’爲了提高強度，在尺寸上作成極小化，使用 沖壓金屬模進行沖壓加工。 專利文獻1 :日本特開2 0 0 3 - 1 5 1 4 9 6號公報 200527077 (2) 專利文獻2 :日本特開2 0 0 3 - 2 4 2 9 2 7號公報 專利文獻3:日本特開2003-59445號公報 非專利文獻1 :沖壓金屬模選書「壓縮加工金 本博一著 【發明內容】 記載於上述專利文獻的背面光，尤其是作爲 光管 （CCFL)的電極材使用耐濺鍍性上優異的 成高融點金屬的杯部，杯部與配線部的接合部成 結晶細線地作成一體構造，沖壓加工電極材，由 求特性上觀看而有意義。 然而，記載於上述專利文獻3的沖壓加工， 使用記載於非專利文獻1的金屬模的一般金屬的 者，在需要依該沖壓的 W，Mo等高融點金屬的 塑性加工，會發生裂痕而在現實上成爲不可能。 反正習知的冷陰極螢光管 （CCFL)的電極 具有電極較大，陰極壓降太大，從亮度與耗電觀 率較差，難進行高融點金屬的塑性加工，以熔接 部與棒部所形成之故，因而對於接合部的彎曲或 械性強度等，很多改善的缺點問題。 本發明欲解決的課題是尤其是在作爲電極的 的高融點金屬的塑性加工，作爲液晶面板的背面 融點金屬材料的無裂痕等缺陷的冷陰極螢光管的 材製造及不僅提昇該杯材與連接（引）線的接合 屬模」山 冷陰極螢 金屬’形 爲同質的 電極的要 是仍適用 加工方法 大變形的 ，是大都 看發光效 等接合杯 拉長的機 特性優異 光使用高 電極的杯 強度，還 -6 - 200527077 (3) 作爲冷陰極螢光管的電極賦於優異的特性。 本發明是Mo，W，Ta，Nb等的高融點金屬的任一種 以上，或是在此添加具有如高融點金屬的溫間的加工性的 改良功能與結晶粒成長的調整功能的少量N i，C u等的合 金材的高融點金屬的一種以上所構成，或是在此些單晶金 屬所構成的冷陰極螢光管的電極中，將杯部或引線部（棒 )與蓋部在溫間或熱間藉由沖壓，擠壓，拉深等加工經一 體成形的放電電極。 本發明的加工溫度所指的溫間，是指在延性脆性遷移 溫度以上，比再結晶溫度較低的溫度的意思，在Mo，W ，Ta，Nb等的高融點金屬稱爲1〇〇至1 000 °C的溫度域 。該加工溫度域爲該溫間以下時，則成爲很難進行沖壓， 擠壓，拉深等的加工，而發生裂痕，成爲無法製造極小的 電極構件。又，若加工溫度超過該溫間域，則產生再結晶 ，降低作爲電極材的彎曲強度等機械性特性的性能。 本發明的冷陰極螢光管電極是具有結晶構造爲杯部。 或是杯部與棒部共通的纖維狀，亦即，具有組織結晶成長 方位呈電極的長度方向，而具有2以上的高寬高比的結晶 構造，除了優異機械性強度與散熱性及通電效果之外，可 作成作爲冷陰極螢光管的電極具有優異的空心陰極效果的 特性的極小電極。 又，寬高比小於2時’則藉由熱履歷而在內部成爲容 易發生龜裂，同時更容易產生變形之故，因而須將寬高比 作成2以上。 200527077 (4) 若本發明的電極素材爲單晶，則與延性脆性遷移溫度 爲多晶者相比較大幅度地降低，不僅可降低加工溫度’還 可降低電阻。 杯型放電電極的壽命是比依杯部底部的電極材的濺鍍 所產生者還由電極消耗所決定，因此必須至少將杯部的底 部厚度作成杯側周部的厚度以上。 本發明的電極是杯部的底部厚度對於杯側周部的厚度 的比爲1以上，因此可抑制依電極的濺鍍所致的壽命降低 〇 本發明的電極是杯部的內底部形狀，外形端部形狀’ 厚度等加工自由度增加，可將僅電極內面，或外面與內面 作成凹凸形狀，具有優異空心陰極效果，同時具有優異的 r作用形狀體，又，在桿外面也可形成具有散熱所用凹凸 面形狀的所謂散熱片，藉由散熱不僅可減小電阻，還可防 止電極金屬的濺鍍所致的螢光管的透明度降低。又，在杯 部外面爲了提高電子放出效率也可形成具有凹凸面形狀的 所謂散熱片，爲作爲冷陰極螢光管的電極的特性經改善的 極小電極。 本發明的放電電極構件，是加工溫間域或是熱間域的 高硬度的高融點金屬者，因此在如穿孔或模的壓機構件， 可使用高導熱率，高硬度，而具有與被加工物的脫模性的 高強度的耐熱性陶瓷或超硬或金屬陶瓷，例如使用如 Si3N4或SiC，WC-Ni系超硬，WC-TiC-TaC系超硬的所謂 無黏接劑超硬，Mo2NiB2等的金屬陶瓷所成的金屬模。 200527077 (5) 又，在溫間壓機時，作爲冷陰極螢光管的電極，爲了 必須將杯部的端面或是桿部的端面作成平坦，在壓機金屬 模’位於與素材的塑性流動方相對向的方向，對於增加素 材的流動量具有固定地或可變地對應的功能較佳。 藉由本發明發揮以下的效果。 1.本發明的放電電極是在內部或表面沒有裂痕而電極 的結晶組織在各部均勻，機械性強度優異，電阻在各部也 g 均勻，不會發生局部的異常發熱，可達成長壽命比。 2 ·電極的長度方向與結晶伸長方向相同，因此機械性 強度較大。 3 .杯部或杯部與桿部被一體成形，因此可減低製造費 〇 4·對於電極表面減少妨礙界面或偏析等的電子放出的 組織要因。 5 ·加工形狀自由度會大增，r作用成爲順利，空心陰 φ 極效果會增強，提高高度，發光效率。 6. 降低放電維持電壓並提高亮度。 7. 本發明的電極並不是如習知地藉由脫模沖孔板材， 而利用壓機施以成形，直接以壓機成形近似大的圓柱狀材 進行製造，因而以最低限的材料可加以製造，而可減低製 造費用。 【實施方式】 以下，作爲液晶面板的背面光，藉由適用於直徑 -9- 200527077 (6) 2.2mm的冷陰極螢光管（C C F L)的電極的例來說明 明的實施形態。 (實施例1) 第1圖是表不作爲出發素材’在1〇〇至1500 C 直徑爲 2 · 2 m m，長度2 · 4 m m的純Μ 〇之後，加熱成 °C的樣品1。第2圖是表示用以溫間壓製圖示於第1 g 樣品1的壓機1 〇的構成。 壓機1 〇是具有具配合於杯部外面的成形空間1 1 部成一空間12的WC-Ni系超硬的金屬模13，及進到 於該金屬模1 3的杯部外面的成形空間1 1的衝頭1 4。 頭1 4被調製成將外徑配合於杯部的內徑，且將下面 於成形杯部的內底面的形狀。1 5是表示用以將被成形 極的杯部上端面作成平坦的模材。金屬模1 3是使 Si3N4或SiC的陶瓷則會提高耐摩耗性。若使用超硬 φ 可提高靭性，而可耐於高加工壓力。若使用M〇3NiP3 金屬陶瓷，則比超硬還具優異耐摩耗性，且比陶瓷還 於加工壓力。 1 6與1 7是分別安裝於溫間壓機1 0的上下基材] 1 9的彈性材；藉由將上基材1 8推向下基材1 9，當成 材1對於金屬1 3內的衝頭1 4的進入之際，對於素材 屬模內的流動量的增加固定或可變地施以抗力，幫助 的加工變形。尤其是，被安裝於上基材1 8的彈性材] 具有作用在後方推壓控制板1 5上，並將成形的杯構件 本發 調質 300 圖的 與棒 配合 該衝 配合 的電 用如 ，則 等的 可耐 8與 形素 至金 均勻 7是 10 1 -10- 200527077 (7) (第3圖）的上端面作成平坦的功能。 2 0 ’ 2 1是壓力調整螺旋’ 2 2、2 3是加熱器（例如護 皮加熱器），又，彈性材1 6是具有經由前方推出控制銷 3 0俾將棒下端面作成平坦的功能。又，藉由彈性材1 6， 1 7適量，壓力控制而能任意地控制棒，杯的成模。24〜2 7 是隔熱材。 第3圖是表示藉由壓機所成形的電極1〇〇’ 101是表 g 示杯部，1 0 2是表示棒，尺寸是杯部外徑2 · 2 m m ’杯部內 徑1 · 8 m m，杯部長度 4.9 m m，杯底部厚度 0 · 4 m m，深度 4.5 m m，棒部長度3 m m，棒徑〇 · 9 m m。 該壓機1 0是藉由內設在模具的加熱器2 2，2 3，將加 工素材1的加工溫度維持在3 00 °C，得到以〇.lmm/S至 2 Om/s的衝頭下降速度所成形的具有表示於第3圖的外觀 的電極1 0 0。如同圖所示地，杯部1 0 1與通電棒1 0 2是被 一體地成形，空心陰極效果之外，影響到放電功能的內面 φ 是形成所期望的尺寸大小的平滑面。 如此所得到的電極1 00是具有如第4圖所示的內部結 晶組織者。該結晶組織是表示於第4圖的各該結晶成爲具 有2以上的高寬高比的纖維狀。 表1是表示如此地所得到的本發明的電極與作爲比較 例以習知製造法所製造的電極及使用此些的放電燈的特性 -11 - 200527077 (8) 表l200527077 (1) IX. Description of the invention [Technical field to which the invention belongs] The present invention relates to a discharge electrode, a discharge electrode, which is suitable for use as a discharge electrode for transmitting back light of a liquid crystal panel, especially a cold cathode fluorescent tube (CCFL). Manufacturing method and manufacturing device. [Prior art] The electrode of a cold cathode fluorescent tube is called a cup part by its shape. In order to emit the cold-cathode fluorescent tube, a high-voltage AC power source is loaded on the cup portion, so that it is easy to generate heat and reduce its current-carrying characteristics', which tends to decrease the brightness of the back light. Therefore, as a cup material, as described in Patent Document 1, instead of the previous Ni, including the lead wire, the material also has excellent thermal conductivity, high temperature resistance, and does not affect the current-carrying characteristics at high temperature, and has excellent sputtering resistance. The use of high melting point metals such as W, Nb, Ta, Mo is ideal. In addition, Patent Document 2 discloses that the strength and thermal conductivity of the cup portion and the wiring portion need to be improved, and the wiring portion of the cup portion must be integrated into a structure, and these high melting point materials with a small amount of Ni added in place of the previous drawing. In order to improve the discharge characteristics by adding oxides such as La2O3, Y2O3, ZrO2, and CeO2, the powder is injection-molded. Also, "Patent Document 3 and Non-Patent Document 1 disclose a method for manufacturing such an electrode" In order to increase the strength, the dimensions are minimized, and a stamping process is performed using a stamping die. Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2 0 3-1 5 1 4 9 6 200527077 (2) Patent Document 2: Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2 0 0 3-2 4 2 9 2 7 Patent Document 3: Japanese Patent No. 3 Publication No. 2003-59445 Non-Patent Document 1: Selection of Stamping Dies "Compression Processing by Kim Hiroshi [Content of the Invention] The back light described in the above-mentioned patent documents, in particular, is used as an electrode material of a light pipe (CCFL). The high melting point metal cup portion that is excellent in plating properties, and the joint portion between the cup portion and the wiring portion are formed as an integrated structure, and the electrode material is stamped to make it meaningful from the viewpoint of characteristics. However, it is described in the above-mentioned patent document. The press working of 3, which uses the general metal described in the metal mold of Non-Patent Document 1, requires plastic working of a high melting point metal such as W, Mo according to the press, cracks occur, and it is practically impossible. Anyway, the electrode of the conventional cold cathode fluorescent tube (CCFL) has a large electrode, a large cathode voltage drop, and poor brightness and power consumption. It is difficult to perform plastic processing of high melting point metals. For the reason There are a lot of shortcomings to improve the bending, mechanical strength, etc. of the joint. The problem to be solved by the present invention is particularly the plastic processing of high-melting-point metals as electrodes, and the absence of melting-point metal materials on the back of liquid crystal panels. The manufacture of cold cathode fluorescent tubes with defects such as cracks and not only improving the bonding of the cup material and the connection (lead) wires belong to the mold. "Shan cold cathode fluorescent metal's homogeneous electrodes are still deformed if the processing method is applied. Most of them are excellent in machine characteristics such as luminous efficiency. The cups with high electrode strength are used for light. -6-200527077 (3) It has excellent characteristics as an electrode for cold cathode fluorescent tubes. The present invention is any one or more of high melting point metals such as Mo, W, Ta, and Nb, or a small amount of a function of improving the workability of the high melting point metal and adjusting the growth of crystal grains are added here. Ni or Cu alloy materials such as high melting point metal or more, or cold cathode fluorescent tube electrodes made of these single crystal metals, the cup part or lead part (rod) and The cover part is processed into an integrally formed discharge electrode by stamping, pressing, or drawing in a warm room or a hot room. The temperature range referred to in the processing temperature of the present invention means a temperature above the ductile brittle transition temperature and lower than the recrystallization temperature. High melting point metals such as Mo, W, Ta, and Nb are called 100. Temperature range to 1 000 ° C. When the processing temperature range is equal to or lower than this temperature range, it becomes difficult to perform processing such as punching, pressing, and drawing, and cracks occur, making it impossible to manufacture extremely small electrode members. When the processing temperature exceeds this temperature range, recrystallization occurs, which lowers the performance of mechanical properties such as the bending strength of the electrode material. The cold cathode fluorescent tube electrode of the present invention has a crystal structure as a cup portion. Or the fibrous shape common to the cup and the rod, that is, a crystal structure with a structure crystal growth orientation in the length direction of the electrode, and a crystalline structure with an aspect ratio of 2 or more, in addition to excellent mechanical strength, heat dissipation and energizing effect In addition, it can be made into an extremely small electrode having the characteristics of an excellent hollow cathode effect as an electrode of a cold cathode fluorescent tube. When the aspect ratio is less than 2, the thermal history will cause cracks in the interior and deformation will occur more easily. Therefore, the aspect ratio must be set to 2 or more. 200527077 (4) If the electrode material of the present invention is a single crystal, it can be greatly reduced compared to a case where the ductile brittle transition temperature is polycrystalline, which can reduce not only the processing temperature 'but also the electrical resistance. The life of the cup-shaped discharge electrode is determined by the electrode consumption, as compared with the generation of the electrode material at the bottom of the cup. Therefore, the thickness of the bottom of the cup must be at least the thickness of the cup-side peripheral portion. In the electrode of the present invention, the ratio of the thickness of the bottom of the cup to the thickness of the peripheral portion of the cup is 1 or more. Therefore, the reduction in life due to sputtering of the electrode can be suppressed. The electrode of the present invention has the shape and shape of the inner bottom of the cup Increased freedom in processing such as the shape of the end, thickness, etc. It is possible to make the inner surface of the electrode only, or the outer surface and the inner surface into a concave-convex shape, which has an excellent hollow cathode effect and an excellent r-acting shape. The so-called heat sink having a concave-convex surface shape for heat radiation can not only reduce the resistance by heat radiation, but also prevent the transparency of the fluorescent tube from being reduced due to the sputtering of the electrode metal. In addition, a so-called heat sink having a concave-convex surface shape may be formed outside the cup portion in order to improve the electron emission efficiency, and is a very small electrode having improved characteristics as an electrode of a cold cathode fluorescent tube. The discharge electrode member of the present invention is a high-hardness, high-melting-point metal that processes high-temperature and high-temperature regions. Therefore, in the pressing mechanism parts such as perforations or molds, high thermal conductivity and high hardness can be used. High-strength heat-resistant ceramics or superhard or cermets with mold release properties of the workpiece, for example, using Si3N4 or SiC, WC-Ni-based superhard, WC-TiC-TaC-based superhard, so-called non-adhesive super Hard, Mo2NiB2 and other cermets. 200527077 (5) In the case of a warm press, as an electrode of a cold cathode fluorescent tube, in order to make the end surface of the cup or the end of the rod flat, it must be placed in the plastic mold of the press to flow plastically with the material. The opposite direction has a fixed or variable function to increase the flow of material. The following effects are achieved by the present invention. 1. The discharge electrode of the present invention has no cracks on the inside or the surface, and the crystal structure of the electrode is uniform in each part, and the mechanical strength is excellent. The resistance is also uniform in each part, and local abnormal heating does not occur, and the growth life ratio can be achieved. 2 · The length of the electrode is the same as the direction of crystal elongation, so the mechanical strength is large. 3. The cup portion or the cup portion and the rod portion are integrally formed, which can reduce the manufacturing cost. 〇4. For the electrode surface, it is possible to reduce the structural factors that prevent the release of electrons such as the interface or segregation. 5 · The degree of freedom of machining shape will be greatly increased, the effect of r will become smooth, and the hollow cathode φ pole effect will be enhanced to improve height and luminous efficiency. 6. Reduce the discharge sustain voltage and increase the brightness. 7. The electrode of the present invention is not conventionally manufactured by punching a sheet material through a die, but is formed by a press, and is directly formed by a press to form an approximately large cylindrical material. Therefore, the minimum material can be used. Manufacturing, while reducing manufacturing costs. [Embodiment] Hereinafter, as a back light of a liquid crystal panel, an example will be described by using an example of an electrode suitable for a cold cathode fluorescent tube (C C F L) having a diameter of -9-200527077 (6) 2.2 mm. (Example 1) Fig. 1 shows sample 1 as a starting material. Sample 1 was heated to a temperature of 100 ° C after being pure MPa having a diameter of 2.2 mm and a length of 2.4 mm. FIG. 2 shows the structure of a press 1 0 which is shown in the 1 g sample 1 for warm pressing. The press 10 is a WC-Ni-based superhard metal mold 13 having a molding space 1 1 that fits into the outer surface of the cup portion, and a molding space 1 that enters the outer surface of the cup portion of the metal mold 13. 1 of the punch 1 4. The heads 14 are prepared so as to fit the outer diameter to the inner diameter of the cup portion and lower the inner bottom surface of the shaped cup portion. Reference numeral 15 denotes a molding material for forming the upper end surface of the cup portion of the electrode to be flat. If the mold 13 is made of a ceramic made of Si3N4 or SiC, the abrasion resistance is improved. The use of super-hard φ improves toughness and can withstand high processing pressures. If M03NiP3 cermet is used, it has better wear resistance than superhard, and it has more processing pressure than ceramic. 16 and 17 are the upper and lower substrates respectively installed on the thermostatic press 10] 1 9 elastic material; by pushing the upper substrate 18 to the lower substrate 19, as the material 1 for the metal 1 3 When the punch 1 of 4 is entered, resistance to the increase in the amount of flow in the material mold is fixed or variably applied to help the processing deformation. In particular, the elastic material mounted on the upper substrate 18] has a pressing force on the control plate 15 in the rear, and the formed cup member is tempered 300. The electrical components such as the rod and the punch fit are shown in FIG. Then, the equal endurance 8 and the shape to gold uniformity 7 are 10 1 -10- 200527077 (7) (Fig. 3) The upper end surface is made a flat function. 2 0 '2 1 is a pressure adjustment screw' 2 2, 2 3 is a heater (such as a sheath heater), and the elastic material 16 has a function of pushing out the control pin 3 0 through the front to make the lower end surface of the rod flat . In addition, by using an appropriate amount of elastic material 16 and 17 and controlling the pressure, the molding of the rod and the cup can be arbitrarily controlled. 24 to 2 7 are heat insulating materials. FIG. 3 shows the electrode 100 ′ 101 formed by the press, which indicates the cup portion, 102 indicates the rod, and the dimensions are the outer diameter of the cup portion 2 · 2 mm and the inner diameter of the cup portion 1 · 8 mm. , Cup length 4.9 mm, cup bottom thickness 0 · 4 mm, depth 4.5 mm, rod length 3 mm, rod diameter 0.9 mm. The press 10 uses a heater 2 2, 2 3 built in the mold to maintain the processing temperature of the processing material 1 at 3 00 ° C, and obtains a punch with a thickness of 0.1 mm / S to 2 Om / s. The electrode 1 0 0 having the appearance shown in FIG. 3 formed at the lowering speed. As shown in the figure, the cup portion 101 and the energizing rod 102 are integrally formed. In addition to the hollow cathode effect, the inner surface φ that affects the discharge function is a smooth surface forming a desired size. The electrode 100 thus obtained is one having an internal crystal structure as shown in Fig. 4. The crystal structure is shown in Fig. 4 and each crystal has a fibrous shape having an aspect ratio of 2 or more. Table 1 shows the characteristics of the electrode of the present invention obtained in this way, the electrode manufactured by a conventional manufacturing method as a comparative example, and the discharge lamp using the same. -11-200527077 (8) Table 1
本發明 本發明 比較例 比較例 比較例 製造方法 溫間壓機 熱間壓機 溶解 冷間壓機 注入成形 組成 Mo:99.99% Mo:99.99% Mo:99.99% Mo:99.99% Mo+Ni (0.3wt%) 可否成形 可 可 可 不可 可 相對密度(％) 与100 =100 = 100 測定不可 95.40% 導熱率（W/m · 142 】42 135 同上 78.4 K) 電阻率（ΩΛη) 5.8xI〇·8 5.7xl〇·8 5.9x10'8 同上 23xl〇·8 杯部與棒部的接 1100 1000 750 同上 632 合部的彎曲強度 (MPa) 內部組織 粒子是纖維狀地 與溫間所鑄造者 結晶粒子是再結 整體上有大小裂 氣孔存在於整體 朝長度方向延伸 大約相同組織， 晶，粒成長，粒 縫。 內部。粒子是若 。組織是均勻。 惟可看到粒子的 子大。 未添加球狀Ni 成長。 等的燒結促進材 ，則無法得到高 密度的燒結體。 尺寸精度 形狀是被拘束在 形狀是被拘束在 以電阻熔接結合 發生裂縫，無法 電極壁厚較薄， 微米精度地精修 微米精度地精修 使用溶解法形成 製作。 因此必須使用小 的金屬模而被成 的金屬模而被成 的杯部與棒部所 粒子徑的Mo粉 形。依金屬模的 形。依金屬模的 形成者，金屬模 末。所以塡充不 成形後並未進行 成形後未伴隨燒 表面的性狀被轉 充分，燒結溫度 引起燒結等的尺 結等的變形，因 印而有熔接部的 也必須做成較高 寸變形的處理， 此可得到效仿於 變形。形成有內 。所以，燒結時 因此可得到適應 金屬模的高精度 部組織的不均句 形狀變形較大， 於金屬模精度較 的尺寸精度。 部。在熔接部內 又殘留很多燒結 高的尺寸。 部存有多數熔接 巢（空隙）。 缺陷（空隙）。 放電燈 高亮度，耗電少 高亮度，耗電少 在熔接部內有缺 不能製造。 放出氣孔內部的 ，電極部的發熱 ，電極部的異常 陷，在熔接部發 氣體，由玻璃密 濺鍍較少，明度 發熱，濺鍍較少 熱，進行濺鍍之 封部，漏氣，發 降低較少，比習 ，明度降低較少 故，因而明度會 熱，電極材的濺 知者壽命延長。 ，比習知者壽命 降低也降低強度 鍍強烈而明度降 延長。 。在熔接部也產 低。 生變形。 -12- 200527077 Ο) 由表1也可知，在比較例的冷間（常溫）壓製中。發 生素材的裂紋而無法製造電極本體。所以也無法進行相對 密度，導熱率，電阻率，熔接部的彎曲強度的測定，又也 無法進行燈的製造。 又，在比較例的注入成形者中，很難進行高純度Mo 材的燒結，而作爲燒結促進劑必須添加N i等的活性金屬 而無法製造出如本發明的高純度的Mo製電極。又在燒結 g 體內部具有很多氣孔，通電時氣孔中的氣體被放出而二次 電子會與該氣體相撞，會減少到達螢光體的二次電子數並 降低發光效率及亮度，或由燈的電極密封部發生漏氣。 又，比較例的熔接法者，是在杯部與棒部的接合部可 看到結晶粒子所成長的組織或熔接缺陷，而受到通電所致 的發熱影響會變形，或是對於彎曲或引拉的機械性強度較 低，且製造良率也低，壽命較短。 又，觀看課題的電極電阻，本發明者是成爲比較例的 φ 注入成形者的大約1 /4，此依比較例的熔接者還小，因此 耗電較少，而可提高亮度，發光效率。又也可降低在電極 部的發熱溫度，而可抑制電極材的濺鍍所致的明度降低。 觀看杯部與棒部的接合強度，本發明者在接合部的彎 曲強度値上與比較例的熔接或注入成形者相比較，也大幅 度地增加1 · 5至1 .7倍，而可提高製造時的製造良率或可 提局製品聶命。 又，本發明的電極是導熱率也比比較例的注入成形者 提高的1 .8倍，而比熔接者也提高，因此抑制電極材的濺 -13-The present invention is a comparative example of the present invention, a comparative example, a comparative example, a manufacturing method, a hot press, a hot press, a dissolution, and a cold press. Injection molding composition Mo: 99.99% Mo: 99.99% Mo: 99.99% Mo: 99.99% Mo + Ni (0.3wt %) Can be formed cocoa cocoa relative density (%) and 100 = 100 = 100 measured 95.40% thermal conductivity (W / m · 142) 42 135 ibid 78.4 K) resistivity (ΩΛη) 5.8xI〇 · 8 5.7xl 〇 · 8 5.9x10'8 Ibid. 23xl〇 · 8 Connection between cup and rod 1100 1000 750 Ibid. 632 Bending strength of joint (MPa) The internal structure particles are fibrous and the crystal particles of the founder are re-bonded. There are large and small fissures in the whole, which exist in the same structure extending in the length direction, and the crystals and grains grow and the grains are cracked. internal. The particle is if. The tissue is uniform. Only the particles of the particles are visible. No spherical Ni was added to grow. Such as a sintering promoting material, a high density sintered body cannot be obtained. Dimensional Accuracy The shape is confined. The shape is confined. Resistance welding is used to produce cracks. The electrode wall thickness is thin. Micron precision finishing. Micron precision finishing. Therefore, it is necessary to use a small metal mold to form a Mo powder having a particle diameter of a cup portion and a rod portion. According to the shape of the metal mold. According to the former of the metal mold, the metal mold. Therefore, after the filling is not formed, the properties of the sintered surface are not fully converted after forming, and the sintering temperature causes deformation such as sintering, such as sintering. The welded part due to printing must also be treated with a high inch deformation. This can be emulated by deformation. Formed within. Therefore, during sintering, it is possible to obtain a high-accuracy partial structure uneven sentence suitable for a metal mold. The shape deformation is large, which is smaller than the dimensional accuracy of the metal mold. unit. In the welded part, a lot of sintered high dimensions remained. There are many fusion nests (voids) in the part. Defects (voids). The discharge lamp has high brightness and low power consumption. Inside the vent hole, the electrode part generates heat, the electrode part is abnormally trapped, and gas is emitted in the welded part. The glass is sputtered less, the brightness is heated, and the sputter is less heated. The sputtered seal is leaked. Less reduction, less than conventional, less decrease in brightness, so the brightness will be hot, and the life of the electrode material splasher will be extended. Compared with the conventional life, the decrease of the life also reduces the strength, and the plating is strong and the lightness is prolonged. . It is also low in welded parts. Health deformation. -12- 200527077 〇) As can be seen from Table 1, in the cold room (room temperature) pressing of the comparative example. Cracks in the material occurred, and the electrode body could not be manufactured. Therefore, it is impossible to measure the relative density, thermal conductivity, electrical resistivity, and bending strength of the welded part, and it is also impossible to manufacture the lamp. In addition, in the injection molder of the comparative example, it was difficult to sinter a high-purity Mo material, and it was necessary to add an active metal such as Ni as a sintering accelerator to produce a high-purity Mo electrode such as the present invention. There are many pores in the sintered g body. When the gas is energized, the gas in the pores is released and the secondary electrons will collide with the gas. This will reduce the number of secondary electrons reaching the phosphor and reduce the luminous efficiency and brightness. Leakage occurred in the electrode sealing portion of the electrode. In addition, in the welding method of the comparative example, a structure where a crystal particle grows or a welding defect can be seen at a joint portion between a cup portion and a rod portion, and it is deformed by the influence of heat generated by current application, or it is bent or pulled. Has low mechanical strength, low manufacturing yield and short life. Looking at the electrode resistance of the subject, the inventor is about 1/4 of the φ injection molder of the comparative example. The welder according to the comparative example is still small, so it consumes less power, and can improve brightness and luminous efficiency. In addition, the heating temperature at the electrode portion can be reduced, and the decrease in brightness due to sputtering of the electrode material can be suppressed. Looking at the joint strength between the cup portion and the rod portion, the inventor also significantly increased the bending strength 接合 of the joint portion by 1.5 to 1.7 times as compared with the welded or injection-molded portion of the comparative example. The manufacturing yield rate at the time of manufacture may improve local products. In addition, the electrode of the present invention has a thermal conductivity that is 1.8 times higher than that of the injection molder of the comparative example, and higher than that of the welder. Therefore, the electrode material is prevented from being spattered. -13-
200527077 (10) 鍍而可提高電極壽命並可抑制燈泡的明度降低。 又，作爲電極材料使用單晶材料，則減少電極 也減少耗電並提高亮度，電極的發熱溫度也變低， 制電極材的濺鍍，而抑制電極壽命的降低或明度降 進行加工時，則延性脆性遷移溫度比多晶的材料還 如在高純度Mo時遷移溫度爲277 °C )，因此提高 壽命。 還有在本發明的電極，若對於側周部厚度的杯 部厚度的比率爲1以上，則壽命是由杯部底部的濺 的電極消耗所決定，因此可延長杯電極部的壽命。 如第5圖所示地，在本發明的電極棒部外周設 片，則提高散熱性，抑制電極材的濺鍍而提高電極 抑制燈泡的明度降低而提高燈泡的壽命。 如第6圖所示地，在本發明的電極杯部外周設 片，則提高熱電子放出效率，提高燈泡的亮度而 光效率。 如第7 (a)圖至第7 (c)圖所示地，在本發明 的杯內面或外面的至少一面設置突起，則提高電子 並提高亮度。 又，在本實施例中，作爲電極材例舉使用Mo, 使用 W，T a，N b的任何一種以上，或是添加具有灌 熱間的加工性改良功能與結晶粒成長的調整功能的爸 的一種以上，也成爲同樣結果。 如此，使用上述本發明的製造方法及製造裝置， 阻而 此抑 ，若 (例 形模 的底 所致 散熱 命， 散熱 加發 電極 出率 ，惟 間或 金材 則可 -14- 200527077 (11) 製造出使用高融點金屬的高精度，高硬度而沒有裂 陷，杯部與棒部的接合強度較高，電極電阻較小， 致的壽命降低，抑制明度降低而發光效果優異又導 異的電極。 如表1所示地，本發明是在電性特性，導熱性 1生強度上，作爲放電管電極具有優異特性者。 P (實施例2) 在實施例1，使用可一體地成形杯部與棒部的 圖的裝置，惟沒有本裝置的棒部成形空間1 2，前方 制銷3 0位於成形空間1 1的下端，使用具有爲了頂 的頂出銷3 1的如第8圖的裝置而與實施例1同樣 如第9圖的杯部。 在如此所得到的杯部的內部或表面均沒有裂縫 查其結晶組織，與實施例1同樣地，如第1 0圖所 φ 該結晶成爲具有2以上的高寬高比的纖維狀。 如第1 1圖所示地，藉由變更使用於成形的金 可將杯部的外面與內面作成凹凸形狀，若使用作爲 則可得到優異的空心陰極效果，而且具有優異r作 極。 在如此地所得到的杯部外底面以電子束熔接或 熔接或電阻熔接或焊接同一材質或異材質的通電用 造放電燈用電極而組裝在放電等加以使用，也成爲 例1的表1同樣的結果。 縫等缺 濺鍍所 熱率優 ，機械 如第 2 推壓控 出工件 地製造 ，經調 示地各 屬模， 電極1 用的電 雷射束 棒來製 與實施 -15- 200527077 (12) 本發明是除了例舉作爲實施例的液晶顯示器的背面光 的螢光管的冷陰極之外，也可適用在磁控管的端帽，投影 機光源電極，電子槍，鹵素燈泡用構件等的電極。 【圖式簡單說明】 第1圖是表示用以本發明的放電電極的成形的素材的 外形圖式。 g 第2圖是表示用以成形素材的溫間壓機的構造圖。 第3圖是表示成形後的放電電極的外觀圖。 第4圖是表示成形後的放電電極的結晶構造圖。 第5圖是表示在本發明的電極的棒部外周具有散熱片 的電極的圖式。 第6圖是表示在本發明的電極的杯部外周具有散熱片 的電極的圖式。 第7 (a)圖至第7 (〇圖是表示在本發明的電極的杯 φ 內面或外面的至少一面具有突起的電極的圖式。 第8圖是表示用以僅成形杯部的溫間壓機的構造圖。 第9圖是表示成形後的杯部的外觀圖。 第1 0圖是表不成形後的杯部的結晶構造圖。 第11 (a)圖及第H (b)圖是表示在本發明的杯部外 周具有散熱片的電極的圖式。 【主要元件符號說明】 1 :素材，1 0 .·壓機，1 2 :棒部成形空間，1 3 ··金屬模，1 5 : -16- 200527077 (13) 後方推壓控制板，1 6，1 7 :彈性材，1 8 :上基材， ，20，21 :壓力調整螺旋，22，23:加熱器，24， ，3 0 :前方推壓控制銷，3 1 :頂出銷，1 0 0 :電極 件，1 0 2 :棒。 1 9 :下基材 2 7 :隔熱材 ，101 :杯構200527077 (10) Plating can increase electrode life and suppress the decrease in brightness of the bulb. In addition, if a single crystal material is used as the electrode material, reducing the electrode also reduces power consumption and increases brightness. The heating temperature of the electrode is also lowered. The sputtering of the electrode material is suppressed, and the reduction in electrode life or brightness is suppressed. The ductile brittle transition temperature is higher than that of polycrystalline materials, such as 277 ° C in high-purity Mo), so the life is increased. Further, in the electrode of the present invention, if the ratio of the thickness of the cup portion to the thickness of the side peripheral portion is 1 or more, the life is determined by the electrode consumption at the bottom of the cup portion, so the life of the cup electrode portion can be extended. As shown in Fig. 5, by arranging a sheet on the outer periphery of the electrode rod portion of the present invention, heat dissipation is improved, the sputtering of the electrode material is suppressed, the electrode is increased, the decrease in brightness of the bulb is suppressed, and the life of the bulb is improved. As shown in Fig. 6, if a sheet is provided on the outer periphery of the electrode cup portion of the present invention, thermionic emission efficiency is improved, and the brightness and light efficiency of the bulb are improved. As shown in Figs. 7 (a) to 7 (c), when protrusions are provided on at least one of the inner surface and the outer surface of the cup of the present invention, electrons are increased and brightness is increased. In this embodiment, Mo is used as the electrode material, and any one or more of W, Ta, and Nb is used, or a dad having a function of improving the workability between heat and heat and an adjustment function of crystal grain growth is added. One or more of the same results are obtained. In this way, using the above-mentioned manufacturing method and manufacturing device of the present invention, it is impossible to stop this. If (such as the heat dissipation caused by the bottom of the mold, the heat dissipation and the electrode output rate, but the gold material may be -14- 200527077 (11 ) Manufactured with high precision using high melting point metal, high hardness without cracking, high bonding strength between cup and rod, low electrode resistance, reduced life, suppressed lightness reduction, excellent luminous effect and different As shown in Table 1, the present invention has excellent characteristics as a discharge tube electrode in terms of electrical characteristics and thermal conductivity. P (Example 2) In Example 1, it can be integrally molded using The device of the cup part and the rod part is shown, but there is no rod part forming space 12 of this device, and the front pin 30 is located at the lower end of the forming space 11. As shown in FIG. 8, a pin 3 1 for ejecting is used. The device is the same as that of Example 1 as in the cup portion of Fig. 9. No cracks were found on the inside or the surface of the cup portion thus obtained, and the crystalline structure was checked. As in Example 1, as shown in Fig. 10 Crystallized to have an aspect ratio of 2 or more As shown in Figure 11, the outer surface and inner surface of the cup can be formed into concave and convex shapes by changing the gold used for molding, and if it is used, it can obtain an excellent hollow cathode effect, and it has excellent r The outer bottom surface of the cup part obtained in this way was welded, welded, or resistance welded or welded with the same material or a different material for an electrode for making a discharge lamp for electric current, and then assembled and used for discharge, which is also a table of Example 1. The results are the same as 1. The sputter plating such as seam has excellent heat rate. The machine is manufactured by pressing and controlling the workpiece as in the second step, and each mold is adjusted. The electrode 1 is made and implemented by the electric laser rod-15 -200527077 (12) The present invention is not only exemplified as the cold cathode of the fluorescent tube used as the back light of the liquid crystal display of the embodiment, but also applicable to end caps of magnetrons, light source electrodes for projectors, electron guns, and halogen bulbs. Electrodes using members, etc. [Brief description of the drawings] Fig. 1 is an outline drawing showing a material used for forming the discharge electrode of the present invention. G Fig. 2 is a diagram showing the structure of a temperature-pressing machine for forming a material. Illustration. Fig. 3 is an external view showing a shaped discharge electrode. Fig. 4 is a view showing a crystal structure of the shaped discharge electrode. Fig. 5 is a view showing an electrode having a heat sink on the outer periphery of a rod portion of the electrode of the present invention. Fig. 6 is a diagram showing an electrode having a heat sink on the outer periphery of the cup portion of the electrode of the present invention. Figs. 7 (a) to 7 (0) show the inner surface of the cup φ or A drawing of an electrode having protrusions on at least one side of the outside. Fig. 8 is a structural view of a warm press for forming only a cup portion. Fig. 9 is an external view of a formed cup portion. Fig. 10 Fig. 11 (a) and Fig. H (b) are diagrams showing the crystal structure of the cup portion after being formed. Figs. 11 (a) and H (b) are diagrams showing an electrode having a heat sink on the outer periphery of the cup portion of the present invention. [Description of main component symbols] 1: material, 1 0. · press, 12: rod forming space, 1 3 ·· mold, 1 5: -16- 200527077 (13) push back control board, 1 6 , 17: Elastic material, 18: Upper substrate, 20, 21: Pressure adjustment screw, 22, 23: Heater, 24, 3, 0: Push control pin in front, 3 1: Ejection pin, 1 0 0: electrode piece, 1 0 2: rod. 1 9: lower substrate 2 7: heat insulating material, 101: cup structure
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