TW200527015A - Light guide plate, back light and liquid crystal display device - Google Patents

Light guide plate, back light and liquid crystal display device Download PDF

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Publication number
TW200527015A
TW200527015A TW093140192A TW93140192A TW200527015A TW 200527015 A TW200527015 A TW 200527015A TW 093140192 A TW093140192 A TW 093140192A TW 93140192 A TW93140192 A TW 93140192A TW 200527015 A TW200527015 A TW 200527015A
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TW
Taiwan
Prior art keywords
light
guide plate
light guide
plate body
angle
Prior art date
Application number
TW093140192A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
Kiyoharu Nakatsuka
Yasunari Zempo
Original Assignee
Sumitomo Chemical Co
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Publication of TW200527015A publication Critical patent/TW200527015A/en

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
    • G02B6/005—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed on the light output side of the light guide
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
    • G02B6/005—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed on the light output side of the light guide
    • G02B6/0051—Diffusing sheet or layer
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133504—Diffusing, scattering, diffracting elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133524—Light-guides, e.g. fibre-optic bundles, louvered or jalousie light-guides
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
    • G02B6/005—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed on the light output side of the light guide
    • G02B6/0053—Prismatic sheet or layer; Brightness enhancement element, sheet or layer

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Planar Illumination Modules (AREA)
  • Liquid Crystal (AREA)

Abstract

A light guide plate comprises a light guide plate body having a light emitting surface, and a light diffracting means arranged facing a surface of the light guide plate body opposite the light emitting surface. The light from a light source is made incident on the light guide plate body from an end surface of the light guide plate body. The light diffracting means diffracts the specific polarized light component of specific light of one or more wavelengths in the light made incident on the light diffracting means from inside of the light guide plate body at an angle a° satisfying the following expression (1) with respect to the light emitting surface with a diffraction angle of (90-a) DEG, 0 < a ≤ b+5 ... (1), wherein cos(b)=n2/n1, n1 representing the refractive index of the light guide plate body, n2 representing the refractive index of a medium in contact with the exterior of the light emitting surface of the light guide plate body, and the diffraction angle is an angle of the incident light with respect to the diffracted light.

Description

200527015 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於構成均勻面光源之導光板及背光模 組’以及使用该等構件所構成之液晶顯示裝置。 【先前技術】 以液晶顯示裝置而言，如第n圖所示，其在液晶顯 示元件101的上下兩面配置一對的偏光板102、1〇3，且在 下側偏光板103的下面側配置有背光模組的構成已為人所 知。在筆記型個人電腦等許多的液晶顯示裝置，為了達成 薄型化、低耗電化，已使用邊光源（edge light)型的模組 來作為前述的背光模組。邊光源型的背光模組一般而言係 才木用，將來自由反射板丨〇7所聚光的光源丨丨丨之光從導光 板109的一端面導入到導光板1〇9内之照明方式。而在前 !導光板109的底面藉由絹印等形成擴散反射層11〇之同 %，為了使從别述導光板1〇9漏出的光不會浪費地有效利 用’在導光板109的底面侧等配置反射板1〇8。在前述下 側偏光板1G3與導光板1Q9之間，為了有效利用光源⑴ 的光’配置了進行偏光的選擇分離之亮度提昇膜】，在 該亮度提昇膜104的下側配置了稜鏡片1〇5，俾將光聚隼 或擴散至對於液晶顯示元件的顯示有效的角度範圍内，再 者於該稜鏡片105的下側配置擴散板1〇6，俾減少背光模 組的光線不均勻。 、 在第11圖所示構成的液晶顯示裝置，因係使用亮度 錢及稜鏡片的構成，故存在有構造複雜化、製造效率 316610 200527015 降低，以及零件件數增多、製造成本變高的問題，而 久性也不夠。 ' 因此，為了解決上述之問題，提議有在液晶顯示元件 的背面側依序配置楔形導光板、全像片（h〇l〇gram)、又/4 板、反射板而構成的液晶顯示裝置（參照專利文獻丨）。在 該液晶顯示裝置係設計成從光源入射到導光板的光為平行 光，且繞射角大致成90。。 尤為十仃 [專利文獻1]日本特開平u — 281 978號公報 【發明内容】 然而，使從光源入射到導光板的光 上伴隨很大的困難，因，士太_、+、* 丁尤在技術 中，存在右ϋ 專利文獻1所記載的技術 對於、夜曰β§一㈣隻得足夠的偏光分離功能之問題。而且， 對灰液日日絲員不元件的顯示面眧 光之功能亦嫌不足。 …、匕、員不有效的角度範圍的 本=明係有鍟於上述先前技術的問題點而研發成 者，其第1目的係提供一種爐 σσ h m 間早、零件件數少、容易 充份照射對顯示有效的角元件w 组m曰θ 度祀圍的光之導光板及背光模 1二：示裝置。再者，本發明之第2目的係提供 顯先的利用效率之導先板及背光模組，以及液晶 [用以解決課題之手段] 為達成前逑之目的，本發明提供以下之手段。 ⑴-種導光板，具備：具有光射出面的導光板本 3166J0 7 200527015 以及面對導光板本體之與前述光射出面相對之面而配 射機構，使來自光源的光從導光板本體的端面入 ⑴1:;/反本體内。光繞射機構，係使與光射出面成滿足 ή 度a。而從導光板本體入射到光繞射機構之來 自先源的光中的特定〗個或複數個波長 成份以⑽-a)。的繞射角繞射。 寻爾先 〇&lt; as b+ 5 ... ⑴ r f此，C°S(b) = n2/ni，⑴係導光板本體的折射率， 導光板本體的光射出面外側的媒體之折射率。 雕〔2〕-種導光板，具備：具有光射出面的導光板本 ，以及面對導光板本體之盥光射出面相 # Μ,，A M ^耵出面相對之面而配置的 導:板太^ ’使來自光源的光從導光板本體的端面入射到 式的角度 該純射機構，係使與光射出面成滿足⑺ ^ Μ攸導光板本體入射到光繞射機構之來自光 lyu a)的繞射角繞射。 (B~5)/2^^(B+5) /2 ...⑺ 光的=之^導光板本體的端面入射到導光板本體内之 又土導光板本體的厚度方向之内部入射角八# 半值寬度為Hw(m=HW/2。 射角刀佈的 〔3〕一種導光板， 體，以及配置在光射^ 射出面的導光板本 光從導光板本2 Γ上的光繞射機構，使來自光源的 構，係使與==入射到導光板本體内。光繞射機 成滿足（1)式的角度a。而從導光板本 8 316610 200527015 體入射到光繞射機構之來自光 個波長的光之特定的偏光成份以（9(^的特定/個或複數 0 &lt; a ^ b + 5 . · (1) &amp;)的私射角繞射。 在此，cos (b) = n2/ni，n ⑴係接於導光板本體之與光射㈣率’ 的折射率。 々日對之面的外側之媒體 〔4〕一種導光板具備：且 以及配置在光射出面卜μ /、 、出面的導光板本體， 在九射出面上的光繞射機 導光板本體的端面入射到導光使末自先源的光從 使與光射出面成滿足⑵式的角度a&quot;而射機構，係 射到光繞射機構之來自光源的光中的特二' :反、本體人 長的光之特定的偏光成份以dH1個或稷數個波 ([—+5)//)的繞射 ^射 〇。 在此，設從導光板本體的端面入射 光的強度之在導光板本體的厚度方 先板本組内之 半值寬度為則,(。），則卜腳^。口 4入射角分佈的 在〔1〕、〔2〕、〔3〕及〔4〕的發明中，可控 4 nr々光之擴散角（角度範圍）。因此’若利用該導光板 心裝置的話，則可對於液晶顯示 面效率良好地照射對顯示有效的角度範圍之 :即使不用稜鏡片也可控制射出光的擴散角 二：:Γ零件件數完成，因而可提供較習知產二 =光模組，以及可廉價地提供薄型且低耗電的液晶顯 3]66]〇 200527015 、' ,再者，從光源入射到導光板的光之擴散角較大的主 2之二:1广〔3〕的構成也可充份地控制從導光板射“ 先之擴放角，但從光源入射到導光板的光 從充份控制射出光之擴散角的觀《看，以 的構成為佳。 用U〕、〔 4〕 在此，光繞射機構以使入射到光繞射機構的光 光之該特定的偏光成份藉由光繞射機構而以上述 特為佳。藉此，由於使複數個波長的光之該 特疋的偏光成份繞射，故可實現清晰的液晶顯示。 &lt; 丄尤其，複數個波長最好是3波長，使特定的3波長的 的4寸Γ⑽光成份繞射時，可實現更清晰的液晶顯示。 具體而S，3波長最好是從420至480nm選擇之卜皮 長、從_至560nm選擇之丨波長及從_至65〇加]選擇 =1，長’選擇各特^範圍的波長作為上述3波長，則和 咖Emitting Diode :發光二極體）與⑽ 恤〇deflu〇rescentlamp:冷陰極螢光燈）的發光波長匹^ 配變佳，可更適合於彩色顯示。 再者，光繞射機構最好係全像片，藉此，可獲得足夠 的偏光分離：能，而藉此更加提昇光的利用效率。 尤其，最好以浮彫（reliei)型全像片作為全像片，該 浮彫型全像片係可藉由壓模（M〇⑷成形與沖壓成形等而容 易地製造取得者，故可提昇生產性。 再者/字彫沒全像片係形成有，使從導光板本體的端 面入射到導光板本體内的來自光源的參照光，及從相對於 3]66]0 200527015 …射出面配置成大致平行的擴散板射出的物體光，在應設 一字思/里王I片的記錄面產生干涉而成的圖案 $ ’且從擴散板射出的物體光之強度的射出角分佈之半值 見度t ’相對於事先設定的從導光板射出的光之強度的射 出角分佈之半值寬度s，最好滿足數式（3): ^ = s+ 5 ... (3) 依據上述方式，因可將從導光板射出的射出光之擴散 角度精密地設定在所想要的範圍，故能提供高品質的導光 板。 再者，全像片的記錄面與擴散板之間隔最好設定在 〇· 3m以上來形成圖案，在此情況，可更加減少光射出面的 、出光之&amp;度不i句。尤I，可局部地減輕短周期的不均。 八田再者，方；〔1〕、〔 2〕、〔 3〕及〔4〕中，特定的偏光成 知：好疋S偏光成份。藉此，因射出光的強度會增強，而 且容易進行偏光分離，所以可作明亮清晰的顯示。 在此N況，於導光板的端面及光射出面之外的1他面 之中的至少-侧面，最好配置偏光方向變換機構以便將射 入的P偏光成份變換成S偏光成份並加以反射。 在此情況，可絲毫都不浪費地將p偏光成份變換成s 偏光成份後作為照明光使用，藉此可顯著地提昇光的利用 效率。 具體而言，可利用擴散反射板來作為偏光方向變換機 構。到達擴散反射板的P偏光其中的一部分被變換成‘偏 光亚被反射’該被反射的S偏光因可利用作為照明光，故 ]] 3J66J0 200527015 更加提昇光的利用效率。 再者，上述偏光方向變換機構亦可使用由又/4相位 差板及鏡面反射板構成的偏光方向變換機構，且在導光板 ，及光射出面之外的其他四面中的至少一側面，最好 隔者λ /4相位差板而配置鏡面反射板。 :此情況’措由又/4相位差板及鏡面反射板的作 達此處的Ρ偏光變換成s偏光並反射，而形成再 明光…“ J 的§偏光因可利用作為照 月光故可更加拎昇光的利用效率。 太邮f此方'⑴'〔2〕的情況’當光繞射機構之盘導光板 本體與相反側的面藉由介電 再，、蜍先板 成鏡面時，可更加提昇屬膜的疊層而形 旯力扣幵先的利用效率故較佳。 再者方、〔3〕、〔 4〕的情況，杏導亦 出面相對的面藉由介電質多層心之與光射 面時，可更加提昇光的利用效率故較佳。、、…形成鏡 本發明的背光模组係 該導光板的端面側之光源。 ϋ先板、及配置在 板，明的其他背光模組係具備：上述的導光 -在该導光板的至少—個端 光源與前述導光板 ]之先源配置在該 射板。 ]的核、及配置在光源的外側之反 在該等的背光模組 之光的擴散角（角；工制a先板的光射出面射出 液晶顯示裝置的話 使用6亥月先拉組構成 、+农液日日頒不元件的顯示面可有效 316610 12 200527015 率地照射對顯示有效的角度範圍之光。再者，由於即使不 用#夂!兄片也可控制射出光的擴散角，故形成構造簡單、零 件件數也k少。因此，可提供較習知產品更薄型的背光模 組。 本發明的液晶顯示裝置，係使用上述背光模組而構 成。 本發明的其他液晶顯示裝置，係具備：液晶元件 (cel 1 )、配置在該液晶元件的上下兩面側之一對偏光板、 以及配置在下側的偏光板之下面側的上述背光模組。 在該等的液晶顯示裝置，由於可控制從導光板的光射 出面射出的光擴散角（角度範圍），故對於液晶顯示裝置的 顯示面可有效率地照射對顯示有效的角度範圍之光。再 者，由於即使不用稜鏡片也可控制射出光的擴散角，故構 造簡單、零件件數也變少。此外，由於不會產生因棱鏡片 與液晶兀件所引起的波紋（m〇ir0)，故可省略擴散板。因 此，可提供較習知產品更薄型且低耗電的液晶顯示裝置。 在此，藉由調整前述光繞射機構的繞射效率，以使按 照順序穿透背光模組的導光板、下側的偏光板之光在該下 侧偏光板面内的光強度分佈形成實質上均勻的方式來加以 設定為佳，藉此，可更加提昇光強度分佈的均勻性。 【實施方式】 &lt;弟1貫施形態&gt; 本發明的苐1貫施形態之液晶顯示裝置顯示於第1 圖，在第1圖中，符號1係液晶顯示裝置。液晶顯示裝置 316610 200527015 1係具備：液晶顯示元件60、導光板7〇及光源部16〇。導 光板70及光源部160係構成邊光源（edge Hght)型的背光 模組5。 液晶顯不兀件60係由液晶元件2及偏光板3、4構成。 在液晶元件2的上下兩側分別配置偏光板3、4。 在液日日頦不元件的下側之偏光板4的下面側設有 導光板70。導光板7G主要係具備：導光板本體1()、光繞 射機構11及偏光方向變換機構i 2。 ‘光板本體1 〇係其上面成為光射出面5丨的板狀體， 配置在偏光板4之下。㈣導光板本體1〇的底φ 52 一體 化疊層有光繞射機構U。在本實施形態、，係使用全像片作 為光、%射機構11。在導光板本體i 〇的左端面肌側配置 有光源部160。 光源邛1 6〇係具有··光源6、聚光透鏡8及反射板7。 光源6係面對導光板本體1〇的左端面胤❿配置，而在此 與導光板本體1G之間配置有聚光透鏡δ，在光源6 '配置：反射板7。來自光源部16〇的光係從左端面 1 0L入射到導光板本體1 〇内。 再者’於導光板本體10的右端面n則，以及導光 :偏7 0光It面侧’配置有將ρ偏光成份的至少-部分變換成 3偏光成伤亚反射之偏光方向 係使用擴散反射板作為偏光方向變換機構⑴貫施形態 ,、勺透月兒極上形成有配向膜的上下一 316610 14 200527015 對的透明基板（破璃、朔 接入，ϋ山 土，寻）間夾者框狀的封裝材料加以 板二，由前述框狀封裝材料所圍繞的該等兩個透明基 才反間之區域内封 3 用羽 βθ構成。就前述配向膜而言，可使 用白知的液晶顯示裝置所 之 聚舻胺m &quot; 木用的配向膜’例如聚醯亞胺、 膜二：膜之外，還有氧化石夕、氧化”的無機 月莫。Μ，、膜例如可用摩擦（_blng)作成配向 次者#可糟由傾斜_碳切來形成配向膜。或者， 亦可將乳化矽、氧化鈦等的益機膜作A t E 向膜，式介叮e a u成胰作為絶緣艇而疊層在配 m ” 層輕膜、彩色漶光膜等。此外，在透明{ 电極兴透明基板之間，亦可聶# ( 〆 71 了且層用以防止〉谷出鹼的無機膜 夕、乳化鋁等），或亦可疊層遮光膜、彩色濾光膜等。 ^施形態’係採用9()。扭轉的TN(Twistedne咖C·· 扭轉向列）型液晶顯示元件。 丄則逑上下一對的偏光板3、4係配置成其穿透轴呈正 父之狀態，而且該等偏光板3、4的穿透軸係配 液晶元件2的液晶分子之配向方向。 攻干仃方；200527015 IX. Description of the invention: [Technical field to which the invention belongs] The present invention relates to a light guide plate and a backlight module 'which constitute a uniform surface light source, and a liquid crystal display device constituted by using these members. [Prior Art] For a liquid crystal display device, as shown in FIG. N, a pair of polarizing plates 102 and 10 are arranged on the upper and lower sides of the liquid crystal display element 101, and a lower side of the lower polarizing plate 103 is arranged. The structure of a backlight module is known. In many liquid crystal display devices such as notebook personal computers, in order to achieve thinness and low power consumption, an edge light type module has been used as the aforementioned backlight module. The edge light source type backlight module is generally used for lighting purposes. In the future, the light source freely reflected by the reflection plate 丨 〇 丨 the light from the end surface of the light guide plate 109 into the light guide plate 109 lighting method . In front, the bottom surface of the light guide plate 109 is formed by the same% as the diffuse reflection layer 11 by silk screen printing. In order to prevent the light leaking from the other light guide plate 109 from being used effectively, the bottom surface of the light guide plate 109 is not wasted. A reflection plate 108 is arranged on the side. Between the aforementioned lower polarizing plate 1G3 and the light guide plate 1Q9, in order to effectively use the light of the light source ⑴, a brightness enhancement film for selective separation of polarized light is provided], and a cymbal 1 is arranged below the brightness enhancement film 104. 5. (1) Condensing or diffusing the light to an angle range effective for the display of the liquid crystal display element, and further, arranging a diffuser plate (106) under the mask (105) to reduce uneven light of the backlight module. The liquid crystal display device of the structure shown in FIG. 11 has the problems of complicated structure, reduced manufacturing efficiency of 316610 200527015, and increased manufacturing cost due to the structure of the use of bright money and cymbals. And duration is not enough. 'Therefore, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a liquid crystal display device having a wedge-shaped light guide plate, a hologram (hologram), a / 4 plate, and a reflective plate in order is proposed on the back side of the liquid crystal display element ( Refer to patent literature 丨). In this liquid crystal display device, the light incident from the light source to the light guide plate is designed to be parallel light, and the diffraction angle is approximately 90. . Especially Shizuku [Patent Document 1] Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 281 978 [Summary of the Invention] However, there is a great difficulty in making light incident from a light source to a light guide plate. Among the techniques, there is a problem in that the technique described in Patent Document 1 has only a sufficient polarization separation function for β § 1 at night. In addition, the function of the light on the display surface of the components of the gray liquid is not enough. …, The angle range in which the dagger and the crew are not effective = the Ming was developed based on the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and its first purpose is to provide a furnace with σσ hm early, few parts, and easy to fill A light guide plate and a backlight module for irradiating light which is effective for displaying a group of angular elements w of m and θ degrees, and a backlight module 12: a display device. In addition, the second object of the present invention is to provide a guide plate, a backlight module, and a liquid crystal [a means for solving a problem] that provide significant utilization efficiency. In order to achieve the objective, the present invention provides the following means. ⑴-A kind of light guide plate comprising: a light guide plate 3166J0 7 200527015 having a light exit surface, and an emitting mechanism facing a surface of the light guide plate body opposite to the light exit surface, so that light from a light source passes through an end face of the light guide plate body Enter ⑴1 ;; / antibody. The light diffraction mechanism satisfies the price a with the light exit surface. And the specific wavelength component or multiple wavelength components in the light from the light source incident from the light guide plate body to the light diffracting mechanism are denoted by ⑽-a). Diffraction angle. Xun Erxian 〇 &lt; as b + 5 ... ⑴ r f Here, C ° S (b) = n2 / ni, ⑴ is the refractive index of the light guide plate body, the refractive index of the medium outside the light exit surface of the light guide plate body. [2]-A kind of light guide plate, including: a light guide plate with a light exit surface, and a light guide surface facing the light guide plate body # Μ ,, AM ^ 耵 The opposite side of the exit surface is arranged: plate too ^ 'The angle from which the light from the light source is incident from the end surface of the light guide plate body. The pure radiation mechanism is such that the light from the light guide plate body is incident on the light diffracting mechanism and meets the light exit surface. Diffraction angle diffraction. (B ~ 5) / 2 ^^ (B + 5) / 2 ... ⑺ == ^ The end face of the light guide plate body is incident into the light guide plate body and the internal incident angle of the light guide plate body in the thickness direction is eight # The half-value width is Hw (m = HW / 2. [3] A light guide plate of the angle knife cloth, a body, and a light guide plate arranged on the light exit surface. The light is wound from the light on the light guide plate 2 Γ. The radiation mechanism is made from the light source so that == is incident into the light guide plate body. The light diffractor is formed at an angle a which satisfies the formula (1). The light guide plate 8 316610 200527015 is incident on the light diffraction mechanism. The specific polarized light component of the light from the wavelengths of light is diffracted at a private angle of (9 (^ specific / number or complex 0 &lt; a ^ b + 5. (1) &amp;). Here, cos (b) = n2 / ni, where n is the refractive index of the light guide plate connected to the light guide plate's body. The medium on the outside of the opposite surface of the next day [4] A light guide plate is provided with: The surface of the light guide plate body with the surface μ /, and the light exit surface, the end faces of the light guide plate body of the light diffracting machine on the nine exit surfaces are incident on the light guide, so that the light from the original source is satisfied with the light exit surface. Degree a &quot; And the radiation mechanism is the special two of the light from the light source that is radiated to the light diffraction mechanism: the specific polarized light component of the anti-body light is dH1 or several waves ([— + 5 ) //) 's diffraction ^。 Here, suppose that the intensity of the incident light from the end surface of the light guide plate body is within the thickness of the light guide plate body, and the half-value width in this group is then (.), Then Bu foot ^. In the invention of [1], [2], [3], and [4], the incident angle distribution of mouth 4 can control the diffusion angle (angle range) of 4 nr々 light. Therefore, 'if you use this guide The light plate core device can efficiently illuminate the liquid crystal display surface. The range of angles that are effective for display: the diffusion angle of the emitted light can be controlled even without a cymbal. 2: Γ The number of parts is completed, so it can provide more familiarity. Production 2 = optical module, and a thin and low-power LCD display that can be provided at a low cost 3] 66] 〇200527015 ， 'Furthermore, the main 2 bis has a large diffusion angle of the light incident from the light source to the light guide plate. : 1 wide [3] structure can also fully control the light from the light guide plate, "the first widening angle, but from the light source into the light guide From the viewpoint of fully controlling the diffusion angle of the emitted light, it is better to use a composition. U], [4] Here, the light diffracting mechanism is used to specify the specificity of the light incident on the light diffracting mechanism. The polarized light component of the above-mentioned feature is preferably used by a light diffraction mechanism. By this, since the polarized light component of the specific light of a plurality of wavelengths is diffracted, a clear liquid crystal display can be realized. &Lt; Each wavelength is preferably 3 wavelengths, so that when a specific 3-wavelength 4-inch light source is diffracted, a clearer liquid crystal display can be realized. Specifically, S, 3 wavelengths are preferably selected from 420 to 480 nm. , The wavelength selected from _ to 560nm and the wavelength from _ to 65 〇 plus] select = 1, long 'select the wavelength of each special ^ range as the above 3 wavelengths, and then Emitting Diode: light-emitting diode) and shirt. deflu〇rescentlamp (cold-cathode fluorescent lamp) has better wavelength matching, which can be more suitable for color display. Furthermore, it is better that the light diffraction mechanism is a hologram, so that a sufficient polarization separation can be obtained: yes, thereby further improving the light utilization efficiency. In particular, it is preferable to use a relief type holographic image as a holographic image. This relief type holographic image can be easily manufactured by a stamper (moulding, stamping, etc.), so that production can be improved. In addition, the engraved photo system is formed so that the reference light from the light source that enters the light guide plate body from the end surface of the light guide plate body and is arranged from 3] 66] 0 200527015 to the exit surface. The object light emitted by the substantially parallel diffuser plate should have a pattern $ 'created by interference on the recording surface of the word Si / Liwang I film, and the half value of the emission angle distribution of the intensity of the object light emitted from the diffuser plate can be seen The degree t ′ with respect to the half-value width s of the emission angle distribution of the intensity of the light emitted from the light guide plate set in advance, preferably satisfies the formula (3): ^ = s + 5 ... (3) According to the above method, because Since the diffusion angle of the light emitted from the light guide plate can be precisely set to a desired range, a high-quality light guide plate can be provided. Furthermore, the distance between the recording surface of the holographic film and the diffusion plate is preferably set to 0. · 3m or more to form a pattern, in which case, the light can be further reduced The appearance of the light &amp; degree of inconsistency. In particular, I can partially alleviate short-cycle unevenness. Hatta again, Fang; [1], [2], [3], and [4], specific Polarized light is known: S polarized light component. By this, because the intensity of the emitted light will be enhanced, and the polarized light is easily separated, it can display brightly and clearly. In this N case, on the end face of the light guide plate and the light exit surface At least one of the other surfaces is preferably provided with a polarization direction conversion mechanism to convert the incident P-polarized component into an S-polarized component and reflect it. In this case, the p-polarized component is not wasted without any waste. It can be used as illumination light after being converted into s-polarized light components, which can significantly improve the utilization efficiency of light. Specifically, a diffuse reflection plate can be used as a polarization direction conversion mechanism. Part of the P-polarized light reaching the diffusion reflection plate is converted. It becomes 'polarized sub-reflected', because the reflected S-polarized light can be used as illumination light]] 3J66J0 200527015 to further improve the use efficiency of light. Furthermore, the above-mentioned polarization direction conversion mechanism can also be used by / 4 A polarization direction conversion mechanism composed of a retardation plate and a specular reflection plate, and a specular reflection plate is preferably arranged on at least one side surface of the light guide plate and the other four surfaces other than the light exit surface by a λ / 4 retardation plate. : In this case, the P polarized light of the / 4 phase difference plate and the specular reflection plate is converted into s polarized light and reflected to form re-brightened light ... "J's § polarized light can be used as moonlight, so it can be more拎 The utilization efficiency of the light. Taiyou f this side '⑴' [2] case 'When the disk light guide plate body of the light diffraction mechanism and the opposite surface are made of dielectric, and the toad is first formed into a mirror surface, It can better improve the lamination efficiency of the film, and it is better to use it first. In the case of square, [3], [4], Xingdao also appears on the opposite side through the dielectric multilayer core. When combined with the light-emitting surface, it is better to improve the light utilization efficiency. ..., forming a mirror The backlight module of the present invention is a light source on the end face side of the light guide plate. The front panel and other backlight modules arranged on the panel are provided with: the above-mentioned light guide-at least one of the light guide plate and the light source and the aforementioned light guide plate are arranged on the radiation plate. ], And the diffusion angle (angle) of the light disposed on the outside of the light source and the backlight module of the backlight module. If the light exit surface of the first plate of the manufacturing system emits the liquid crystal display device, it will be composed of the first pull-out group. + The display surface of the element for agricultural fluids can be effectively illuminated 316610 12 200527015 to illuminate the light in an angle range that is effective for display. Moreover, the diffusion angle of the emitted light can be controlled even without # 夂! 兄 片, so it is formed The structure is simple and the number of parts is small. Therefore, a backlight module that is thinner than conventional products can be provided. The liquid crystal display device of the present invention is constructed using the above-mentioned backlight module. Other liquid crystal display devices of the present invention are It includes a liquid crystal element (cel 1), a pair of polarizing plates arranged on one of the upper and lower sides of the liquid crystal element, and the above-mentioned backlight module arranged on the lower side of the lower polarizing plate. Since the light diffusion angle (angle range) emitted from the light exit surface of the light guide plate is controlled, the display surface of the liquid crystal display device can efficiently irradiate light in an angle range effective for display. Since the diffusion angle of the emitted light can be controlled even without a cymbal, the structure is simple, and the number of parts is reduced. In addition, since the ripple (m0ir0) caused by the prism sheet and the liquid crystal element is not generated, it is possible The diffuser is omitted. Therefore, a liquid crystal display device that is thinner and consumes less power than conventional products can be provided. Here, by adjusting the diffraction efficiency of the aforementioned light diffraction mechanism, the guide of the backlight module is sequentially penetrated. It is better to set the light intensity distribution of the light plate and the lower polarizing plate in a substantially uniform light intensity distribution in the plane of the lower polarizing plate, thereby improving the uniformity of the light intensity distribution. [Embodiment] &lt; Younger 1st embodiment &gt; The liquid crystal display device of the first embodiment of the present invention is shown in Fig. 1. In Fig. 1, the symbol 1 is a liquid crystal display device. The liquid crystal display device 316610 200527015 1 is provided with: The display element 60, the light guide plate 70, and the light source portion 160. The light guide plate 70 and the light source portion 160 constitute an edge light source (edge Hght) type backlight module 5. The liquid crystal display element 60 is composed of the liquid crystal element 2 and a polarizing plate. 3, 4 composition Polarizing plates 3 and 4 are arranged on the upper and lower sides of the liquid crystal element 2. A light guide plate 70 is provided on the lower side of the polarizing plate 4 on the lower side of the liquid sundial element. The light guide plate 7G mainly includes: a light guide plate body 1 (), The light diffraction mechanism 11 and the polarization direction conversion mechanism i 2. 'The light plate main body 10 is a plate-shaped body having the light exit surface 5 丨 on the top, and is arranged under the polarizing plate 4. The light guide plate body 10 The bottom φ 52 is integrated with a light diffractive mechanism U. In this embodiment, a hologram is used as the light and% diffractive mechanism 11. A light source portion 160 is disposed on the left end muscle side of the light guide plate body i0. The light source 邛 160 has a light source 6, a condenser lens 8, and a reflecting plate 7. The light source 6 is arranged facing the left end surface 光 of the light guide plate body 10, and is arranged between this and the light guide plate body 1G. The condenser lens δ is arranged at the light source 6 ′: the reflection plate 7. The light from the light source section 16 is incident from the left end surface 10L into the light guide plate body 10. In addition, "n is on the right end face of the light guide plate body 10, and the light guide: polarized 70 light It surface side" is provided with a polarization direction that converts at least-part of the ρ polarized light component into 3 polarized light into sub-reflection using diffusion. The reflection plate acts as a polarizing direction conversion mechanism, and the upper and lower 316610 14 200527015 pairs of transparent substrates are formed on the transparent moon pole. The transparent substrate (broken glass, Shuo access, Laoshan soil, search) is sandwiched. The plate-shaped packaging material is added with a plate two, and the inner seal 3 formed by the two transparent bases surrounded by the frame-shaped packaging material is composed of feather βθ. As for the aforementioned alignment film, it is possible to use polyimide m &quot; wood alignment film used in Shirakawa's liquid crystal display device, such as polyimide, and film 2: in addition to the film, there are oxidized stones and oxidation. " For example, the film can be formed by rubbing (_blng). Orientation ## It can be formed by inclining carbon cutting. Or, an organic film such as emulsified silicon, titanium oxide can also be used as A t E-direction film, sintering membrane is laminated as an insulation boat and laminated on a light-weight film, color calender film, etc. In addition, between transparent {electrode and transparent substrates, you can also use Nie # (〆71 and inorganic layers to prevent> glutamic acid, emulsified aluminum, etc.), or you can also stack light-shielding films, color filters Light film, etc. ^ 施 FORM 'uses 9 (). A twisted TN (Twistedne C .. twisted nematic) type liquid crystal display element. The rule is that the upper and lower pairs of polarizing plates 3 and 4 are arranged so that their transmission axes are in the father state, and the transmission axes of these polarizing plates 3 and 4 are aligned with the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal element 2. Attack the dry side

“ ^為導光板本體10的材f，例如可使用丙稀酸類、K 苯乙烯類、聚碳酸酯類等的塑膠與玻璃等。 、 又於本實施形態，光繞射機構u如第2圖所示， 與導光板本體10的光射出面51成滿足下述（1)式的角声a 。而從導光板本體10入射到光繞射機構u的光中之特&amp;^"^ Is the material f of the light guide plate body 10, for example, acrylic and K-type plastics, glass, etc. can be used. Also in this embodiment, the light diffraction mechanism u is as shown in FIG. 2 As shown in the figure, an angular sound a that satisfies the following formula (1) is formed with the light exit surface 51 of the light guide plate body 10. A characteristic of the light incident from the light guide plate body 10 to the light diffraction mechanism u is ^

1個或複數個波長的光之特定偏光成份(在本實施形能：S 偏光成份)以(90—a)。的繞射角繞射成為繞射光而輪：。 〇&lt;a$b+5 ··· (1) 316610 15 200527015 率，：(b)=n2/ni，ni係導光板本體ι〇的折射 率 m ίτ'在導光板本體 射率。再去，靖， 勺九射出面51外側之媒體的折 構11的入射光，…，由入射到先繞射機 的角产來定“ 機構11射出的繞射光所形成 角又來疋義。亦即，若用第3圖來說明 點D被繞射而射出植 身了九1在 心… 九射先“勺情況’繞射角即為入射光！ 锊、、堯射光d所形成之角7。再者，角 本體10的光在導光板本姊 又$ ，1 ¥光板The specific polarizing component of light of one or a plurality of wavelengths (in this embodiment: S polarizing component) is (90-a). Diffraction angle of diffraction becomes diffracted light while round :. 〇 & a $ b + 5 (1) 316610 15 200527015, (b) = n2 / ni, the refractive index m of the ni-based light guide plate ιτ ′ is the light transmittance of the light guide plate body. Then, Jing, the incident light of the fold 11 of the medium outside the exit surface 51 of the spoon nine, is determined by the angle of incidence of the first diffractor. "The angle formed by the diffracted light emitted by the mechanism 11 is again ambiguous. That is, if we use the third figure to illustrate that point D is diffracted and implanted, it is implanted in the heart ... Nine-shot first "scoop case" diffraction angle is the incident light!锊 ,, Yao angle 7 formed by the light d. In addition, the light of the corner body 10 is in the light guide plate.

表面全反射時之入射至表 面的角度（表面與入射光所形成的角度）。在此 与b/2為佳。 从a 2圖戶^-此，—在液晶顯示裝置1中，來自光源6的光係如第 θ不，猎由聚光透鏡8聚光而從導光 面肌入射到導光板本體10内。此時，來自先源6的= 」咖由反射板7加以反射，之後由聚光透鏡8聚光而 從導光板本體1G的左端面1GL入射到導光板本體i◦内。 此入射光係具有S偏光成份、p偏光成份的非偏光。在第2 圖中，S偏光（偏光面垂直於紙面）以§表示，另方面？偏 光（偏光面平行於紙面）以P表示。 /入射到前述導光板本體10的入射光之中的s偏光成 份係如第2圖所示’於導光板本體1〇内反射而到達導光板 本體10的底® 52並入射到光繞射機構u，由t亥光繞射機 構11使之繞射而向上方向入射到下側偏光板4内。此時， 以相對於導光板本體〗〇的光射出面51之a(。）的角度到 達導光板本體10的底面52並入射到光繞射機構u的來自 316610 ]6 200527015 光源6之光中，特定的i個或複數個波長的光之3偏光成 份，係由光繞射機構U使之以9〇—a(。）的繞射角繞射。 因此’可控制從導光板本體1〇的光射出面51射出的光之 擴散角（角度範圍)⑷(參照第2圖），如此可使被控制角 度的繞射光入射到下側偏光板4内。具體而言，繞射係使 以角度a入射的光朝與光射出面51垂直的方向射出。 &quot;再者，由於下側偏光板4的穿透軸係與s偏光成份的 偏光方向-致’故人射到下側偏光板4的$偏光，係絲毫 不伴Ik任何光知失地穿透下側偏光板4人射到液晶元件2 内而可利用作為照明光。此時，由於能夠充份地控制從導 光板本體1G的光射出面51射出的光之擴散角，故對 嶋顯示元件的顯示面可充份地照射對顯示有效的角度 範圍的光。The angle of incidence (the angle between the surface and the incident light) when the surface is totally reflected. This is preferably b / 2. From FIG. 2 to this, in the liquid crystal display device 1, the light system from the light source 6 is the first θ, and the light is collected by the condenser lens 8 and incident from the light guide surface muscle into the light guide plate body 10. At this time, the light source "6" from the source 6 is reflected by the reflection plate 7, and is then condensed by the condenser lens 8 to enter the light guide plate body i from the left end surface 1GL of the light guide plate body 1G. This incident light is an unpolarized light having an S-polarized component and a p-polarized component. In Figure 2, S-polarized light (the polarized surface is perpendicular to the paper surface) is represented by §, on the other hand? Polarized light (the polarized surface is parallel to the paper surface) is represented by P. / The s-polarized light component of the incident light incident on the light guide plate body 10 is shown in FIG. 2 'reflects within the light guide plate body 10 and reaches the bottom 52 of the light guide plate body 10 and enters the light diffraction mechanism. u, is diffracted by the t-ray diffractive mechanism 11 and is incident into the lower polarizing plate 4 in an upward direction. At this time, it reaches the bottom surface 52 of the light guide plate body 10 at an angle a (.) Relative to the light exit surface 51 of the light guide plate body and enters the light from the light diffraction mechanism u from 316610] 6 200527015 light source 6. The three polarized light components of light of a specific i or a plurality of wavelengths are diffracted by a light diffraction mechanism U at a diffraction angle of 90-a (.). Therefore, 'the diffusion angle (angle range) of the light emitted from the light exit surface 51 of the light guide plate body 10 can be controlled (see Fig. 2), so that the diffracted light having the controlled angle can be incident into the lower polarizing plate 4 . Specifically, the diffraction system emits light incident at an angle a in a direction perpendicular to the light exit surface 51. &quot; Furthermore, due to the penetrating axis of the lower polarizing plate 4 and the polarization direction of the s-polarizing component-so that the $ polarized light that is incident on the lower polarizing plate 4 is penetrated without any knowledge of Ik. The side polarizing plate 4 is radiated into the liquid crystal element 2 and can be used as illumination light. At this time, since the diffusion angle of the light emitted from the light emitting surface 51 of the light guide plate body 1G can be fully controlled, the display surface of the tritium display element can be sufficiently irradiated with light in an angular range effective for display.

^ 〃者為了用作為衫色液晶顯示元件，光繞射機構J J 隶好係使三原$的| , ”色勺先’亦即，從420至48Onm選擇1波長、 從 500 至 56〇nmiP：l# 1、士 e L擇1波長、及從6〇〇至65Onm選擇1波 長的光繞射者。 …另方面，入射到前述導光板本體10的入射光中之p 偏光成份（第2圖中n n -、 p不之），係如第2圖所示，即使通 過導光板本體1〇 4 1 勺底面52到達光繞射機構丄工，也不會在 邊光繞射機構11的你T u 的作用下繞射而被反射，在導光板本體 的光射出面51i庙0日 ,^ 1Π 1 /、底面52之間反覆反射之後，從導光板 ::10的右端面1QR射出，並由偏光方向變換機構12反 、入射到導光板本11 1 0 Θ。在本實施形態，因係使用擴 17 316610 200527015 月山反作為偏光方向變換機構12，故從導光板本體l〇 斤而面1 OR射出的P偏光，係由該擴散反射板1 2所擴散 而成為包含P偏光成份及S偏光成份的非偏光。亦 !，從導光板本體10的右端面·射出的P偏光之一部 =系2散反射板12變換成s偏光再入射到前述導光板 本體1 0内。 再者’從光源6入射到導光板本體10的p偏光成份 的。P刀’係穿透光繞射機構J J，而由配置在導光板本體 10:下面側之偏光方向變換機構12反射再人射到導光板· 本體|〇内。在本實施形態’因係使用擴散反射板作為偏光 方向變換機構12，故從導光板本體1〇的下面側射出的p 偏光，、係由該擴散反射板12所擴散反射，而成為包含p 偏光成份及S偏光成份的非偏光。亦即’從導光板本體1〇 的下面側射出的P偏光之—部分，係由擴散反射板U變換 成S偏光而再入射到導光板本體1 〇内。 如此在刖述導光板本體丨0内，從其右端面J⑽及下_ 側面再入射之S偏光，係由光繞射機構u與上述一樣使之 繞射而入射到下側偏光板4内。如此由於可毫無浪費地將 P偏光成份變換成S偏光成份來作為照明光使用，故可顯 著地提昇光的利用效率。 &lt;第2實施形態&gt; 其次參照第4圖說明第2實施形態的液晶顯示裝置。 本實施形態的液晶顯示裝置與第丨實施形態的相異點，僅 在於導光板’故僅就導光板加以詳細說明。本實施形態的 316610 200527015 導光板η與第！實施形態的導光 光繞射機構1〗。 …，，偟在万、 =而言，本實施形態的光繞射機構u如第4圖所 不丁'使與導光板本體1〇的光射出面Η成a(。）之角度 而從導光板本體1 〇到達導光板 又 ^ ^ ,± n j逆绎元扳本體10的底面52並入射到 手：光=11的來自光源6之光中特定的1個或複數個波 長的先^定的偏光細在本實施形祕K光成份）以 =的繞射角繞射。而且，角度a(e)滿足：將從 射到導光板本體1〇内部的來自細之光的 =的尽度方向（導光板本體的厚度方向）的内部入射角“ 之为料值寬度設為2Β(。）時(Β 的關係式。 一一 W十㈧/2 ^此針對内部入射角α與其半值寬度詳加說明。如第 山面ΓΛ置來自光源6的光入射到導光板本體10之左 ΠΓ 。設導光板本體10的厚度方向的座標為 原點6又疋在導光板本體10厚度方向的中心。再者， =左端面1GL的距離設為χ。在導光 外部入射入射“ 6的光係以依各高度h而定的 在此，如第5圖所示，眩λ &amp; n l 7 丁 將入射到左端面1 0L的入射井 之外部入射為從光源6拉到左端面胤的垂線與 二射光’ Φ即光射出面51與入射光所形成的角。再者，者 :從左端面肌入射到導光板本體1◦内時，光在導光板： 肢10内因根據折射率差而折射，故導光板本體1()内的入 316610 19 200527015 射光之入射角與外部入 角α。内部入射自 α不同，而將其設成内部入射 形成之角。角β也設成與垂線，亦即與切出面5i 例如，於第5圖所 度訃為4. 〇_，從導太^，设導光板本體〗〇的厚 的距離X為0.7mm ^10的左端面肌到光源6 板本㈣之外的_的折射率為】·49’導光 源6的光從導光板本體10的左端面10L入 又m ，。而對於到達導光板本體1G的左端 :㈣光的強度之關係為標準偏差2.。_之高二 (GauSSlan dlstributl〇n)(參照第 6 圖⑷的實線）。 在此，來自光源6的光入射到導光板本體1〇内部時， 因在空氣—導光板本體的界面有反射損失，故入射到導光 板本體10内部的P偏光成份與S偏光成份的強度成為互 異。從左端面10L入射到導光板本體1〇内的p偏光成份的 強度與高度h的關係如第6圖（a)的虛線，s偏光成份的強 度與南度的關係如第6圖（b)的一點鏈線。 在此，上述第6圖（a)之光的強度與高度h的關係可 由光的強度與外部入射角α ’的函數來表示之，導光板本體 1 0厚度方向之光的強度之外部入射角〇；，的分佈係如第6 圖的（b)。在此，實線為從光源6到達左端面1 〇 L的全光， 虛線為從左端面10 L入射到導光板本體1 〇内的p偏光成 份’ 一點鍵線為從左端面10 L入射到導光板本體1 〇内的s 偏光成份。 20 316610 200527015 二者，從導光板本體左端面10L入射到導光板本體ι〇 内之光的強度之導光板本體厚度方向的内部入射角分佈之 半值寬度HW，例如可從該第6圖（c)般的内部入射角刀j與 強度的關係式以第6圖（c)之方式求之。在第6圖⑹中^ 顯示關於S偏光的半值寬度㈣之—半的量如冊力）。在 此，因取出s偏光，故根據關於s偏光的曲線而求半值寬 度腳。如此方式，可求出曲線的半值寬度财 «/2而得到B。此外，圖中w係在第）實施形)== 之有關全反射的角度b。 再者，導光板本體10的厚度2h為7 〇 外:條件與上述相同之情況之關於光的強度之外= α，的分佈示之於第6圖❹）。 1入射角 即使採㈣料絲7卜錢賴構 入射到光繞射機構η的光，和第〗實‘ 先板71射出之光的擴散角（万）。 關係：即所广5)/2的 本體】〇内的产'兄/ 源的光聚光並入射到導光板 散角(⑽可二二光射出面51射出的光之擴 度範圍的光有效率地射出。再者；:::有效的角 2“_+5W9i 再者於滿足關係式（B—5)/ 的底面具有人射^係規定對於導絲本體10 園。 刀而入射之以朝下光為中心之角度範 3]66】〇 21 200527015 尤其疋，從光源6入射到導光板本體丄〇的光的擴散 角’亦~，從光源入射的光的強度之内部入射角分佈狹 小二’士理想為設定成a与b/2或a〜B/2。在此，b係由 在第1實施形態已出現的C0S(b) = n2/n]所求出的角度b。 再者，於本實施形態中，角度8亦可復具備〇〈似 + 5的要件。 〈弟3貫施形態&gt; 其^ ’參照第7圖說明第3實施形態的液晶顯示裴 置。本實施形態的液晶顯示裝置與第！實施形態的相異點 僅在於導光板，故僅對導光板詳加說明。本實施形態的導 光板72與第！實施形態的導光板7〇之第一點不同，係光 繞射機構11設在導光板本體1〇的光射出面51上。第二點 係該光繞射機構11係使與光射出面51成滿足 的角度a而從導光板本體！ 〇入射之來自光源6的光中特 疋的1個或複數個波長的光之特定的偏光成份（本實施形 ，是S偏光成份)以⑽+ a)。的繞射角繞射。在此，以設 定成a与b/2為佳。 、在此情況也和第1實施形態一樣，與光射出面51成 滿足上述範圍的a ()角度而入射到光繞射機構丨丨的來自 光源的光中特定的丨個或複數個波長之光的s偏光成份係 由光繞射機構11使之以90 +a(。）的繞射角繞射，並從2 射出面51射出°因此’可控制從導光板本體1Q的光射出 面51射出的光擴散角（角度範圍）（万），而可使經如此角度 控制的繞射光入射到下側偏光板4内。具體而言，使以^ 22 316610 200527015 度a入射的光繞射而朝與光射出面η垂直的方向射出。 # !再者由灰下側偏光板4的穿透軸係與S偏光成份的 偏光方向一致，所、 π Λ入射到下側偏光板4的S偏光，係未 伴隨任何光損失地穿透下侧偏光板 4入射到液晶元件2而 ::用作為妝明光。此時，由於可充份地控制從導光板本體 _光射出面51射出的光之擴散角（…故對於液晶顯 一勺頌不面可充份地照射對顯示有效的角度範圍之 光。 、另方面，入射到導光板本體丨〇的入射光中之ρ偏光 即使到達導光板本體的光射出面51之光繞射機 “也不會在該光繞射機構11白勺作用下繞射而被反射， 4 ¥&quot;光、板本月豆10的光射出面51與底S 52㈤反覆反射之 攸導光板本體10的右端面ior射出，並由偏光方向變 义幾構12^加以反射再人射到導光板本體内。在本實施 因係❹擴散反射板作為偏光方向變換機構12,故 攸¥光板本體1Q的右端面⑽射出的p偏光成份於該擴散 反射板12被擴散反射，而成為含p偏光成份及s偏光成份 的非：光’從導光板本體j。的右端面i⑽射出的p偏光成 份之：部分’係經由擴散反射板12變換成S偏光成份再入 射到導光板本體1 0内。 再者，從光源6入射到導光板本體10的P偏光成份 之B ’係穿透底面52而由配置在導光板本體！ 〇的下 面侧之偏光方向變換機構12所反射再入射到導光板本體 1。内。在本實施形態，因係使用擴散反射板作為偏光方向 3]66]0 23 200527015 變換機構12，故從導光板本體1〇的下面側射出的p偏光 成份，係在該擴散反射板12被擴散反射，成為含p偏光成 份及s偏光成份的非偏光，從導光板本體1〇的下面側射出 的p偏光成份之一部分，係經由擴散反射板12變換成$ 偏光成份再入射到導光板本體1 〇内。 、 如此在前述導光板本體10内，從其右端面10R及下 侧面所再入射之s偏光成份’係由光繞射機構η盘上述― 樣使之繞射而入射到下側偏光板4内。如此由於可亳無卞 費地將ρ偏光成份變換成s偏光成份來作為照明光:用^ 故可顯著地提昇光的利用效率。 &lt;第4實施形態&gt; 其次’參照第8圖說明第4實施形態的液晶顯示裝 置。本實施形態的液晶顯示裝置與第3實施形態的相昱勢 僅在於導光板，故僅對導光板詳加㈣。本實施形態 光板73與第3實施形態的導光才反72之相異點在於光繞射 具體而言，本實施形態的光繞射機構丨丨，係使與導光 板本體1〇的光射出面51成以。）之角度而從導光板本體 10到達該導光板本體10的底面52並入射到光繞射機構U 的來自光源6之光中特定的i個或複數個波長的光之特定 的偏光成份（在本實施形態係3偏光成份）以⑽+ a)。的 繞射角繞射。而且’角度a(。）滿足：將從左端面1〇L入 射到導光板本體10内部的來自光源、6之光的強度的厚度方 向（導光板本體的厚度方向）的内部入射角α之分佈的半值 24 316610 200527015 寬度時（β—/2的關係式 在此對方；内部入射角α與其半值寬度 施形態的說明内容—樣。 弟2芦' 即便眯用該種導光板 、、 、、兀外」俄傅11 t /曾、便以上 述的預定角度a人射到光繞射機構u的光，師第3 ==與光射出面51垂直的方式射出之方式繞二 此可充份地控制來自導光板73的射出叙擴散角⑷ :即，因角度a滿足&quot;/2“咖5)/2的 關m以即使在使來自切的光聚光並人射 ^體ίο内的情況’也可控制從光射出面51射出的光擴散 =幻(可使擴散角狹小化)，藉此可使對顯示有效的角二 乾圍的光有效率地射出。再者，於滿^關係_—5又 = S(B+5)/2時，角度㈣規定對於導光板本體1〇的 &amp;面具有入射角度分佈而入射之以朝下光 圍者。 &lt; 角度乾 尤其是，從光源6入射到導光板本體1〇的光的擴散 :’亦即，從光源入射的光的強度之内部入射角分佈狹 :日:’更理想為設定成a〜b/2或Αβ/2。在 在弟】實施形態已出現的cos(b) = n2/ni所求出的角度^ 再者，於本實施形態中，角度b亦可復具備0&lt;a$b + 5的要件。 」者’本發明並不受上述實施形態所限定，例如，在 上述—實施形態中，光源6或光源部160係僅設置在導光板 70等的一個端面（左端面1〇υ，但並不限定於此，亦可在 316610 25 200527015 導光板的2個以上之端面分別設置光源β或光源部⑽。 例如，在上述實施形態中’亦可另在導光板本體ι〇的右端 面1 OR等設置光源6或光源部1 6〇。 再者，於上述實施形態中，雖將偏光方向變換機構12 配置在導光板本體1G的下面側及右端面側，但並沒有特別 :限於此，偏光方向變換機構12亦可配置在除了作為前述 導光板的光入射面之左端面10L及光射出面51外，之剩餘 四面中的至少一面側。 、 再者，於上述實施形態中，作為偏光方向變換機構12 雖使用擴散反射板，但並非特別受限於該種者。例如，偏 ^方向變換機構12亦可採用使用λ/4相位差板及鏡面反 =板之構成。亦即，亦可採用在除掉導㈣的光人射面及 光：出面5 i外之剩餘四面中的至少—面側，隔著λ/ 4相 !差板而配置鏡面反射板之構成。在此情況，例如在上述 ==，從導光板本體10射出的Ρ偏光成份，首先係 光二二（4相位差板時變換成左旋圓偏光，此左旋圓偏（ 旋鏡面反射板加以反射，而於此反射時變換成右 :圓偏：’此右旋圓偏光再度穿透前述&quot;4相位差板 二：：換成s偏光成份，如此從前述導光板本體㈣出 光再:射^由λ/4相位差板及鏡面反射板變換成3偏 …光板本體10内。再入射的S偏光，係由前述 先繞身 :機構U使之繞射而入射到前述下側偏光板4内。 本广亦可採用在設於第1及第2實施形態的導光板 -〇的底面所設之光繞射機構n的下面，還是在第3 3]66]0 26 200527015 苐4貝知形悲的導光板本體1 〇的底面，分別叠層介電質 夕層膜或金屬膜而形成鏡面之構成。在此情況，光不會穿 透該介電質多層膜或金屬膜而往下面側前進。藉此可提昇 光的利用效率。 再者，於上述實施形態中，雖採用ΤΝ型液晶顯示元 件作為液晶元件2，但並非特別受限於此，例如亦可使用 超扭轉向列（Super Twisted : STN)型液晶顯示元 或者亦可使用直接利用偏光成份的其他動作模能之 液，顯示元件。再者，亦可使用藉由疊層相位差板或:他 液晶凡件於STN型液晶顯示元件，而將顏色黑白化的 TN(Film compensated Super Twisted Nematic)型液曰 f 不兀件、觸（Dual_scan Super Twlsted Nematlc)型液 2:兀件。此外，亦可使用在該等液晶顯示元件組合彩 属先片而加以彩色化的彩色STN型液晶顯示元件。 51i^本發明中，可如上述實施形態之方式採用光射出面 射出、=52形成為平行狀者（剖面為矩形者），或採用光 形者。肖抵面52配置成非平行狀者，例如，形成為楔 丹者，作為光繞射機 =^像片、繞射麵dlffraetic)ngming)等。十 4片者雖無特聽定，但可使用例如丙㈣類 、唑頰等光聚合物、重鉻酸明膠、光阻劑、銀重 二=。雖亦可使用咖_型的體積相位型全像片 心良良的置產性來看以使用浮彫型全像片為佳。亦印 316610 27 200527015 洋彫型全像片係可藉由例如塑模成… 地製得，故能提昇生產性。 ^ /全成形等而容易 μ f s之，作為繞射機構係有浮彫型或m t 的繞射機構在性能上較佳， 戍組知型，體積型 型之繞射機構為佳。浮里，的硯點來看以浮彫 弦波、矩形波、：角：：ϊ:繞射機構雖可組合或重疊正 全像片將形成更=Γ 狀來製作，但藉由使用^ In order to use it as a shirt-color liquid crystal display element, the light diffraction mechanism JJ is responsible for the use of Mihara's |, "color spoon first", that is, select a wavelength from 420 to 48 Onm, from 500 to 56 nmP: l # 1. Choose a wavelength of 1 and a light diffractor of 1 wavelength from 600 to 65 nm.… On the other hand, the p-polarized light component of the incident light incident on the light guide plate body 10 (see Figure 2) nn-, p is not the same), as shown in Figure 2, even if the light diffraction mechanism is reached through the bottom surface 52 of the light guide plate body 104, spoon, it will not be at the edge of the light diffraction mechanism 11 T u It is diffracted and reflected under the action of light. After repeated reflection between the light exit surface 51i of the light guide plate body and the bottom surface 52, it is emitted from the right end surface 1QR of the light guide plate :: 10 and polarized light. The direction conversion mechanism 12 is inverted and incident on the light guide plate 11 1 0 Θ. In this embodiment, because the extension 17 316610 200527015 is used as the polarization direction conversion mechanism 12, the light guide plate body 10 pounds and faces 1 OR The emitted P-polarized light is diffused by the diffuse reflection plate 12 and becomes a non-polarized light including a P-polarized light component and an S-polarized light component. Light. Also !, part of the P polarized light emitted from the right end face of the light guide plate body 10 = system 2 diffuse reflection plate 12 is converted into s-polarized light and then enters the light guide plate body 10. Furthermore, 'incident from the light source 6 The p-polarized light component to the light guide plate body 10. The P knife 'is a penetrating light diffracting mechanism JJ, and is reflected by the polarizing direction conversion mechanism 12 disposed on the light guide plate body 10: the lower side of the light guide plate and the light is directed to the light guide plate body | 〇. In the present embodiment, 'the diffused reflection plate is used as the polarization direction conversion mechanism 12, so the p-polarized light emitted from the lower side of the light guide plate body 10 is diffused and reflected by the diffused reflection plate 12 and becomes Non-polarized light including p-polarized light component and S-polarized light component, that is, part of P-polarized light emitted from the lower side of the light guide plate body 10 is converted into S-polarized light by the diffuse reflection plate U and then incident on the light guide plate body 1 In this way, in the light guide plate body 丨 0, the S-polarized light re-incident from the right end surface J⑽ and the lower side of the light guide plate is diffracted by the light diffracting mechanism u as described above and enters the lower polarizing plate. Within 4. Because P can be polarized without waste The component is converted into an S-polarized component for use as illumination light, so that the light utilization efficiency can be significantly improved. &Lt; Second Embodiment &gt; Next, a liquid crystal display device of a second embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 4. The liquid crystal of this embodiment The difference between the display device and the first embodiment is only in the light guide plate, so only the light guide plate will be described in detail. The 316610 200527015 light guide plate η in this embodiment and the light guide light diffraction mechanism 1 in the first embodiment. ... In terms of the light diffractive mechanism u of this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, the light emitting surface u of the light guide plate body 10 is formed as a (). ) Angle from the light guide plate body 1 〇 to the light guide plate ^ ^, ± nj inversion element pulls the bottom surface 52 of the body 10 and enters the hand: light = 11 specific one or more wavelengths from the light from the light source 6 The predetermined polarized light is diffracted at a diffraction angle of φ in this embodiment. In addition, the angle a (e) satisfies the following: an internal incident angle "from the exhaustion direction of the thin light (thickness direction of the light guide plate body) = from the thin light which strikes the inside of the light guide plate body 10" is The relational expression of 2B (.) (B. One-to-one W ten ㈧ / 2 ^ This is a detailed description of the internal incident angle α and its half-value width. For example, if the light from the light source 6 is placed on the first surface ΓΛ of the light guide plate body 10 Left ΠΓ. Let the thickness direction of the light guide plate body 10 be the origin 6 and lie at the center of the light guide plate body 10 in the thickness direction. Moreover, the distance from the left end surface 1GL is set to χ. The light system of 6 is determined according to each height h. As shown in FIG. 5, the glare λ & nl 7 d will be incident on the left end surface 10L from the incident well and is drawn from the light source 6 to the left end surface. The vertical line of 与 and the second light 'Φ is the angle formed by the light exit surface 51 and the incident light. Furthermore, when the light is incident from the left end muscle into the light guide plate body 1 ◦, the light is in the light guide plate: The inside of the limb 10 is based on refraction Refraction due to the difference in rate, so the incident angle of the incident light in the light guide plate body 1 () 316610 19 200527015 and Partial entrance angle α. The internal incidence is different from α, and it is set to an angle formed by internal incidence. The angle β is also set to be perpendicular to the cutout surface 5i. For example, in Figure 5, the angle 讣 is 4. 〇_ From the light guide plate ^, let the thickness of the light guide plate body 〖〇 be 0.7mm. The thickness of the left end muscle from the left end muscle to the light source 6 is _. The refractive index of _ is 49 The left end surface 10L of the light guide plate body 10 is φm. For reaching the left end of the light guide plate body 1G: the relationship between the intensity of the light is standard deviation 2. GauSSlan dlstribution (refer to Figure 6) Here, when the light from the light source 6 enters the inside of the light guide plate body 10, there is a reflection loss at the interface of the air-light guide plate body, so the P polarized light component and S incident into the light guide plate body 10 The intensity of the polarized light components becomes mutually different. The relationship between the intensity of the p polarized light component and the height h that are incident into the light guide plate body 10 from the left end surface 10L is as shown in the dotted line in Figure 6 (a). The relationship is the one-dot chain line in Figure 6 (b). Here, the intensity and height of the light in Figure 6 (a) above The relationship of h can be expressed by the function of the intensity of light and the external incidence angle α ', and the external incidence angle of the intensity of light in the thickness direction of the light guide plate 10 is 0 ;, and the distribution is as shown in (b) of Fig. 6. Here, the solid line is the total light from the light source 6 to the left end surface 10 liters, and the dashed line is the p-polarized light component incident from the left end surface 10 L into the light guide plate body 10. The one-point key line is the left polarization 10 L incident to the light guide The s-polarized light component in the light guide body 1 〇 20 316610 200527015 Both, the half-value width of the internal incident angle distribution of the light guide plate thickness in the thickness direction of the light guide plate body from the left end of the light guide plate body 10L into the light guide plate body ι〇 HW can be obtained as shown in FIG. 6 (c) from the relational expression between the internal incidence angle knife j and the intensity shown in FIG. 6 (c). In Figure 6⑹, ^ shows the half-value width of the S polarized light (one-half the amount is the book force). Here, since the s-polarized light is taken out, the half-width foot is obtained from the curve regarding the s-polarized light. In this way, we can find the half-value width of the curve «/ 2 and get B. In addition, w in the figure is the angle b related to total reflection in the first embodiment) ==. In addition, the thickness 2h of the light guide plate body 10 is 70 °. The distribution of the light intensity outside the condition = α except for the same conditions as above is shown in FIG. 6 (i)). 1 Incidence angle Even if the material is used, the light incident on the light diffraction mechanism η, and the diffusion angle of the light emitted by the first plate 71 (10,000). Relation: the body of Sogo 5) / 2] The light produced by the brother 'source / source' is condensed and incident on the light guide plate divergence angle (the light in the expansion range of the light emitted by the 22 light exit surface 51 is Efficiently shoot. Also ::: Effective angle 2 "_ + 5W9i, and the bottom mask that satisfies the relationship (B-5) / is shot ^ is specified for the guide wire body 10 circle. The knife is incident on it Angle 3 with the downward light as the center. [66] 〇21 200527015 In particular, the diffusion angle of the light incident from the light source 6 to the light guide plate body is also ~, and the internal incident angle distribution of the intensity of the light incident from the light source is narrow. The two ideals are set to a and b / 2 or a to B / 2. Here, b is the angle b obtained from COS (b) = n2 / n] which has appeared in the first embodiment. Or, in this embodiment, the angle 8 may also have the requirements of 0 <like + 5. <The 3th embodiment of the embodiment> The ^ 'refer to FIG. 7 to explain the liquid crystal display of the third embodiment. This embodiment The difference between the liquid crystal display device of this embodiment and the first embodiment is only the light guide plate, so only the light guide plate will be described in detail. The light guide plate 72 of this embodiment is different from the first embodiment. The first point of the state of the light guide plate 70 is different. The light diffractive mechanism 11 is provided on the light exit surface 51 of the light guide plate body 10. The second point is that the light diffractive mechanism 11 is formed to be the same as the light exit surface 51. The angle a satisfies the light guide plate body! 〇 The specific polarized light component (in this embodiment, the S polarized light component) of the specific one or a plurality of wavelengths of light incident from the light source 6 is ⑽ + a) Diffraction angle diffraction. Here, it is better to set a and b / 2. In this case, as in the first embodiment, it is incident with the light exit surface 51 at an angle a () that satisfies the above range. The s-polarized light component of a specific one or a plurality of wavelengths of light from the light source to the light diffraction mechanism is diffracted by the light diffraction mechanism 11 at a diffraction angle of 90 + a (.), And it is emitted from the 2 exit surface 51 °. Therefore, the light diffusion angle (angle range) (10,000) emitted from the light exit surface 51 of the light guide plate body 1Q can be controlled, and the diffracted light controlled by this angle can be incident on the lower polarized light. Inside the plate 4. Specifically, the light incident at ^ 22 316610 200527015 degrees a is diffracted toward a direction perpendicular to the light exit surface η #! Furthermore, the transmission axis of the lower gray polarizing plate 4 is consistent with the polarization direction of the S polarized component, so that π Λ incident on the S polarized light of the lower polarizing plate 4 is not accompanied by any light loss. It penetrates the lower polarizing plate 4 and enters the liquid crystal element 2 and is used as a bright light. At this time, since the diffusion angle of the light emitted from the light guide plate body_light exit surface 51 can be fully controlled (... A spoonful of chant can fully illuminate the light in an effective angular range for display. On the other hand, the ρ polarized light of the incident light incident on the light guide plate body is even if the light reaches the light exit surface 51 of the light guide plate body. The "light machine" will not be diffracted and reflected under the action of the light diffracting mechanism 11. The light guide plate body of the light exit surface 51 and bottom S 52 of the light and plate Bean 10 is repeatedly reflected. The right end face 10 of the 10 is emitted, and the structure of the polarized light is changed to 12 ^ and reflected, and then shot into the light guide plate body. In this embodiment, since the ❹ diffuse reflection plate is used as the polarization direction conversion mechanism 12, the p-polarized light component emitted from the right end face of the light plate body 1Q is diffused and reflected by the diffuse reflection plate 12, and becomes a p-polarized light component and s-polarized light. Composition of the non: light 'from the light guide plate body j. The component of the p-polarized light emitted from the right end face i⑽ of the lens is partially converted to the S-polarized component through the diffuse reflection plate 12 and then incident on the light guide plate body 10. In addition, B 'of the P polarized light component incident from the light source 6 to the light guide plate body 10 penetrates the bottom surface 52 and is disposed on the light guide plate body! Reflected by the polarization direction conversion mechanism 12 on the lower side of 〇 and incident on the light guide plate body 1. Inside. In this embodiment, since the diffuse reflection plate is used as the polarization direction 3] 66] 0 23 200527015 conversion mechanism 12, the p-polarized light component emitted from the lower side of the light guide plate body 10 is diffused in the diffuse reflection plate 12 The reflection becomes non-polarized light containing p-polarized component and s-polarized component. A part of the p-polarized component emitted from the lower side of the light guide plate body 10 is converted into a $ polarized component by the diffuse reflection plate 12 and then incident on the light guide plate body 1 〇 Within. As described above, in the light guide plate body 10, the s-polarized light component 're-incident from the right end surface 10R and the lower side surface' is diffracted by the light diffraction mechanism η disk as described above-so that it is diffracted into the lower polarizing plate 4 . In this way, since the ρ polarized light component can be converted into the s polarized light component as illumination light without any expense: using ^, the utilization efficiency of light can be significantly improved. &lt; Fourth Embodiment &gt; Next, a liquid crystal display device according to a fourth embodiment will be described with reference to Fig. 8. The phase difference between the liquid crystal display device of this embodiment and the third embodiment is only in the light guide plate, so only the light guide plate is detailed. The difference between the light guide 73 of this embodiment and the light guide 72 of the third embodiment lies in light diffraction. Specifically, the light diffraction mechanism of this embodiment emits light from the light guide plate body 10. Face 51%. ) Angle from the light guide plate body 10 to the bottom surface 52 of the light guide plate body 10 and incident on the light diffracting mechanism U from the light source 6 to a specific polarized light component of a specific i or a plurality of wavelengths (in This embodiment is based on 3 polarizing components) with ⑽ + a). Diffraction angle of diffraction. Furthermore, the 'angle a (.)' Satisfies the distribution of the internal incidence angle α in the thickness direction (thickness direction of the light guide plate body) of the intensity of the light from the light source and 6 incident from the left end surface 10L into the light guide plate body 10 inside. When the half-value is 24 316610 200527015 (the relationship of β- / 2 is opposite to this; the description of the internal incidence angle α and its half-value width is the same. Di 2 Lu 'Even if this kind of light guide plate is used, "U Wu," Russian Fu 11 t / Zeng, then at the predetermined angle a above, the person hits the light of the light diffraction mechanism u, and the third way == perpendicular to the light exit surface 51, and the second way is sufficient. Control the emission diffusion angle 来自 from the light guide plate 73 partly: that is, because the angle a satisfies the quotation of "/ 2" Ca 5) / 2 so that the light from the tangent is condensed and projected into the body. It is also possible to control the diffusion of light emitted from the light exit surface 51 = magic (narrowing the diffusion angle), so that the light that is effective for the display of the angle can be emitted efficiently. Furthermore, Yu Man ^ Relation _-5 = S (B + 5) / 2, the angle ㈣ specifies that the &amp; plane of the light guide plate body 10 has an incident angle The light beams are distributed downwardly and incidentally downwards. &Lt; Angle stem, in particular, the diffusion of light incident from the light source 6 to the light guide plate body 10: 'that is, the internal incidence angle distribution of the intensity of the light incident from the light source is narrow. : Day: 'It is more desirable to set it to a ~ b / 2 or Αβ / 2. The angle obtained by cos (b) = n2 / ni that has appeared in the implementation mode ^ Moreover, in this embodiment The angle b can also have the requirements of 0 &lt; a $ b + 5. "The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, for example, in the above embodiment, the light source 6 or the light source section 160 is only provided at One end surface (the left end surface of the light guide plate 70) is not limited to this, and a light source β or a light source unit ⑽ may be provided on two or more end surfaces of the 316610 25 200527015 light guide plate. For example, in the above embodiment, In the middle, a light source 6 or a light source section 160 may be provided on the right end surface 1 OR of the light guide plate body ι. In addition, in the above-mentioned embodiment, although the polarization direction conversion mechanism 12 is disposed on the light guide plate body 1G, The lower side and the right end face side, but there is nothing special: limited to this, the polarization direction is changed The structure 12 may be disposed on at least one of the remaining four surfaces except for the left end surface 10L and the light exit surface 51 of the light incident surface of the light guide plate. Furthermore, in the above embodiment, it is used as a polarization direction conversion mechanism. 12 Although a diffuse reflection plate is used, it is not particularly limited to such a person. For example, the deflection direction conversion mechanism 12 can also adopt a configuration using a λ / 4 phase difference plate and a mirror surface plate. That is, it can also be used in Except for the light-emitting surface and light of the light guide: at least one of the remaining four surfaces except for the exit surface 5 i, a mirror reflection plate is configured with a λ / 4 phase! Difference plate interposed therebetween. In this case, for example, in the above ==, the P-polarized light component emitted from the light guide plate body 10 is firstly converted into a left-handed circularly polarized light when the phase difference plate is 4 and the left-handed circularly polarized light is reflected by a rotating mirror surface. When reflected, it is transformed into right: circular polarization: 'This right-handed circular polarization passes through the aforementioned &quot; 4 phase difference plate 2: again: it is replaced by s polarized light component, so the light is emitted from the aforementioned light guide plate body and then: The λ / 4 retardation plate and the specular reflection plate are converted into 3 polarizations ... in the light plate body 10. The S-polarized light that is incident again is diffracted by the aforementioned first body: mechanism U and is incident on the lower polarizing plate 4. Hiroshihiro can also use the light diffracting mechanism n provided on the bottom surface of the light guide plate -0 of the first and second embodiments, or the third one] 66] 0 26 200527015 苐 4 The bottom surface of the light guide plate body 10 is formed by laminating a dielectric film or a metal film to form a mirror surface. In this case, light does not penetrate the dielectric multilayer film or the metal film and advances to the lower side. In this way, the utilization efficiency of light can be improved. Furthermore, in the above embodiment, although T Type liquid crystal display element as the liquid crystal element 2, but it is not particularly limited to this. For example, a super twisted nematic (Super Twisted: STN) type liquid crystal display element may be used or a liquid having other action modes that directly use polarized light components may be used. In addition, a TN (Film compensated Super Twisted Nematic) type liquid which can be used in black and white by stacking retardation plates or other liquid crystal elements in STN type liquid crystal display elements can also be used. And touch (Dual_scan Super Twlsted Nematlc) type liquid 2: element. In addition, a color STN type liquid crystal display element that can be colorized by combining the first color of these liquid crystal display elements can be used. 51i ^ In the present invention, As described in the above embodiment, the light emitting surface can be used to emit the light, which can be formed into a parallel shape (one with a rectangular cross section), or a light shape. The Xiao abutment surface 52 is configured as a non-parallel shape, for example, formed as a wedge. For example, as a light diffractor = a photo, a diffraction surface (dlffraetic) (ngming), and the like. Although there are no specific prescriptions for the fourteen tablets, photopolymers such as propidium, azole cheek, dichromate gelatin, photoresist, and silver weight can be used. Although it is also possible to use the volume phase type hologram of the coffee type, it is better to use the embossed type hologram in view of the good property. Also printed 316610 27 200527015 Western-carved holograms can be made by, for example, molding, so the productivity can be improved. ^ / Fully shaped and easy μ f s, as the diffraction mechanism is a diffraction mechanism with relief type or m t is better in performance, 戍 group known type, volume type type of diffraction mechanism is better. In the floating point, the point of view is embossed sine wave, rectangular wave,: angle :: ϊ: diffraction mechanism can be combined or superimposed. Positive images will be formed into a more Γ shape, but by using

Fiyn^P. 構件。該等係使用 mite-Difference Time-Domain)^ έ士入 (Rigorous CouDled W A main)法、結合波 此時，亦可以二T lysis)法等來設計&lt; 造。 —^值的離散值設計繞射機構的微細構 像片Γ二係顯示製作用作本發明的光繞射機構π之全 1〇 Λ圖案蚪的芩照光與物體光之關係。在 ::，f:疊層配置用以形成全像片的感光材料lla，另二 擴散广◦的下面側隔著間距而配置擴散板別。 ::板20的表面係與光射出面51約略平b再者 王，片11設置在光射出面51上 田 層在光射出面卜。4 ± 九材# lla豐 擴散板20的物體光上為佳1後’使來自 ! 〇 ^ ^ 彳文光源6入射亚在導光板本體 干、光在感光材料lia中產生干涉而記錄 八二： 將從擴散板2〇射出之光的強度之射出角 Γ =角Λ佈）的半值寬度tr)設定成如後所述。亦 田' 攸導光板本體1 0的光射出面51射出之光的強度 316610 28 200527015 之射出角分佈（擴散角分佈）的設定值之半值寬度設定成 s(。）時’係使t與S大致相同，具體而言，係設定成能 滿足S—5Stgs+5，更理想為設定成能滿足 +卜在此，從擴散板2 0射出的物體光之強度的射出角—分 佈’以及從導光板本體10的光射出面51射出的射出光之 強度的射出角分佈，係分別以從與光射出面5丨垂直的方向 射出的光為基準(〇 )者。再者’帛1〇圖係圖示從導光板 本體Μ的光射出® 51 #出之光的強度之射出角分佈的代 表性設定值及其半值寬度s。該種干涉條紋的設定通常係 由電腦來執行。 再者，如上述實施形態，於採用將偏光方向變換 ^己置在導光板的光人射面及光射出面之外的剩餘四面 中=至少-面側之構成時，以將由此偏光方向變換機構12 :產生的士射光也包含在參照光而形成全像圖案為佳。通 y係计异對應複數波長的全像圖案，並藉由加總該 求取最後的圖案。 為h周正光繞射機構11的繞射效率俾使穿透下側偏 後的光在該下側偏光板4面内之面方向的光強度分 tn土成為均一，計算來自最終的全像圖案之繞射光的 二切性的分佈’以修正擴散板則亮度及分光特 的、二:布。再者，此修正亦可利用以最終的全像圖案試作 的V光板之實測數據來進行。 :、藉由電腦計算全像圖案而製作全像片時，可利用例 己載於日本特開2_如584號公報之方法。為了減少 3166]〇 29 200527015 計算量，亦可分割成複數個全像片來計算。 、在上述實施形態中，需要全像片π具有僅使8偏光 成份繞射的偏光特性。一般而言，在全像片係具有比例於 ”内。卩的入射光、繞射光的方向向量之内乘積（丨叩打 product)而使ρ偏光成份繞射，冑3偏光成份則不根據該 比例而以一定的強度使之繞射的偏光特性。亦即，入射光 與繞射光平行時（内乘積為光成份、s偏光成份皆 進行繞射，另方面入射光與繞射光正交時（内乘積為〇)，p 偏光成份不繞射只有S偏光成份進行繞射。因此，為了使 全像片11具有僅使S偏光成份繞射的偏光特性，只要將全 $片11㈣之入射光與繞射光所形成之角度（繞射角）設 定成90。即可。藉此，可充份確保偏光分離功能。 另方面，為了有效率地獲得對顯示有效的角度範圍的 先，有必要使光以上述的各繞射角繞射。藉由上述的構成， 可同時獲得偏光分離功能，以及有效率地獲得對顯示有效 的角度範圍的光之功能。 “本發明之導光板(70、7卜72、73)、背光模組5及液 =不裝置⑴並不特別為上述實施形態的構件所限定，而 可做種種的設計變更。 體而板本體1Q與光繞射機構11可接觸，也可夾著媒 非/上述實施形態’光繞射機構11係使S偏光成份而 光成份以財的繞射角繞射，但設^成使p偏光成 刀习非S偏光成份以預定的繞射角繞射亦可動作。 316610 30 200527015 效果 上述右依據本發明，則可控 之擴散角（角度範圍）。因# 蛉先板射出的光 顯示裝置的話，列可對二，右使用該導光板來構成液晶 考了對頒不有效的角度範 干奶…、 能控制射出光的#1胃张先。再者，由於不用稜鏡片也 二=，因而可提供較習知產品更薄型的背光㈣= 廉仏灿供㈣低耗電的液晶顯示裝置。 【圖式簡單說明】 苐1圖係顯示本發明-之模式性側面圖。 液^不裝置的第1實施形態 的作圖的導光板之光繞射機構等所產生 第3圖係說明繞射角的模式圖。 所產：：圖係說明第2實施形態之液晶顯示裝置的導光板 所產生的作用之模式性側面圖。 、第5圖係用以說明内部入射角α及外部 &lt; 之導光板的模式性側面圖。 第6圖係第5圖的說明所用之圖，⑷係顯示於預定 的條件下到達左端面1〇L的光及從左端面肌入射的各偏 先成份之入射高度h與強度的關係圖；（b)係顯示⑷的情 :之到達左端面10L的光及從左端面1〇L入射的各偏光成 刀之外邛入射角α ’與強度的關係圖；(c)係顯示(a)的情況 之到達左端面10L的光及從左端面1〇L入射的各偏光成份 316610 31 200527015 之内部入射角％ . 月a，、強度的關係圖；（d)俜 不同的情況之到達/ '員不與U)的條件 ,而面1〇1的光及從左端面10L入射&amp; 各偏先成份之内部入勒 i儿八射的 ^ n 射角α與強度的關係圖。 弟7圖係說明篦q奋 吣$ &amp; aa &gt; 3只轭形態之液晶顯示裝置的導弁；^ 所產生的作用之模式性側面圖。 h先板 第8圖係說明第4實施形態之液晶顯示裝置的導光板 所產生的作用之模式性側面圖。 ’爾 弟9圖係說明在此實施形態用作為光繞射機構之全像 片的製作法之模式性側面圖。 第1◦圖係用以說明帛9圖的半值寬度s之從光射出 面射出的光強度之射出角分佈圖。 第11 1M系習知m顯示裝置之模式性側面圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 1 液晶顯示裝置 2 液晶元件 3 偏光板（上側） 4 偏光板（下側） 5 背光模組 6 光源 7、107 反射板 8 聚光透鏡 10 導光板本體 10L 左端面 10R 右端面 3166)0 32 200527015 11 光繞射機構（全像片等） 11a 感光材料 12 偏光方向變換機構 20 擴散板 51 導光板本體的光射出面 52 導光板本體的底面 70、7卜 72、73 導光板 60 、 101 液晶顯不元件 102 、 103 偏光板 104 亮度提昇膜 105 稜鏡片 106 擴散板 107 反射板 108 反射板 109 導光板 110 擴散反射層 160 光源部 a，b，90-a 角度 a 内部入射角 a 5 外部入射角 β 光之擴散角Fiyn ^ P. Building blocks. These systems use the Mite-Difference Time-Domain (Rigorous CouDled W A main) method, combined with the wave at this time, can also be designed by two T lysis) method. The microstructure photo of the diffractive value design diffraction mechanism of the ^ value, Γ, shows the relationship between the illuminating light and the object light, which are used as the full 10 Λ pattern 1 of the light diffraction mechanism π of the present invention. At ::, f :, the photosensitive material 11a which is used to form a holographic image is laminated, and the other two diffuser plates are arranged at a lower surface side with a gap therebetween. :: The surface of the plate 20 is approximately flat with the light exiting surface 51, and furthermore, the sheet 11 is disposed on the light exiting surface 51. The layer is placed on the light exiting surface. 4 ± 九 材 # lla Fung diffuser plate 20 The object light is better after 1 'Make it from! ○ ^ 彳 光源 彳 light source 6 incident on the body of the light guide plate, the light interferes with the photosensitive material lia and record 82: The half-value width tr) of the emission angle Γ = angle Λ cloth) of the intensity of the light emitted from the diffuser 20 is set as described later. Yitian 'When the intensity of the light emitted from the light exit surface 51 of the light guide plate body 10 is 316610 28 200527015 and the half-value width of the set value of the exit angle distribution (diffusion angle distribution) is set to s (.), T and t S is approximately the same. Specifically, it is set to satisfy S-5Stgs + 5, and more preferably, it is set to satisfy + b. Here, the exit angle-distribution of the intensity of the light of the object emitted from the diffuser plate 20 and the The emission angle distribution of the intensity of the emitted light emitted from the light exit surface 51 of the light guide plate body 10 is based on the light emitted from a direction perpendicular to the light exit surface 5 丨 as a reference (0). Furthermore, the “帛 10” diagram shows a representative set value and half-value width s of the emission angle distribution of the intensity of light emitted from the light guide plate body M # 51. The setting of such interference fringes is usually performed by a computer. Furthermore, as in the above-mentioned embodiment, when a configuration is adopted in which the polarization direction is changed ^ has been placed in the remaining four faces of the light guide plate and the light exit surface = at least-side of the light guide plate, the polarization direction is changed Mechanism 12: It is preferable that the generated taxi light is included in the reference light to form a hologram pattern. The y-shaped holographic pattern corresponding to a plurality of wavelengths is calculated, and the final pattern is obtained by summing up. For the diffraction efficiency of the h-peripheral normal light diffraction mechanism 11, the light intensity distribution tn of the surface direction of the light that has penetrated the lower side polarization in the plane of the lower side polarization plate becomes uniform, and the final phantom pattern is calculated. The distribution of the tangent of the diffracted light 'is used to correct the brightness and spectroscopic characteristics of the diffuser. Furthermore, this correction can also be performed using the measured data of the V-ray plate trial-produced with the final phantom pattern. : 、 When a holographic image is created by calculating a holographic pattern with a computer, the method described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2_584 can be used. In order to reduce the calculation amount of 3166] 〇 29 200527015, it can also be divided into a plurality of full-images for calculation. In the above-mentioned embodiment, the hologram π is required to have a polarization characteristic that diffracts only 8 polarization components. Generally speaking, in a holographic image system, the ratio is within ". The product of the direction vector of the incident light and the diffracted light of 叩 (丨 叩 product) causes the ρ polarized component to be diffracted, and the 胄 3 polarized component is not based on this ratio. The polarization characteristic of diffraction with a certain intensity. That is, when the incident light is parallel to the diffracted light (the inner product is the light component, the s-polarized component is diffracted, and when the incident light is orthogonal to the diffracted light (internal The product is 0). The p-polarized component is not diffracted and only the S-polarized component is diffracted. Therefore, in order to make the holographic image 11 have the polarization characteristic of diffracting only the S-polarized component, only the incident light and The angle (diffraction angle) formed by the incident light can be set to 90. In this way, the polarization separation function can be fully ensured. On the other hand, in order to efficiently obtain a range of angles effective for display, it is necessary to make the light The above-mentioned diffraction angles are diffractive. With the above-mentioned configuration, it is possible to simultaneously obtain a polarized light separation function and efficiently obtain light having a range of angles effective for display. "The light guide plate (70, 7 and 72 of the present invention) , 73), back The optical module 5 and the liquid = no device are not particularly limited by the components of the above embodiment, and various design changes can be made. The board body 1Q can be in contact with the light diffraction mechanism 11 or sandwich the medium. / The above-mentioned embodiment 'The light diffraction mechanism 11 diffracts the S-polarized light component and the light component is diffracted at a diffraction angle of money, but it is set to make p-polarized light into a non-S-polarized component diffracted at a predetermined diffraction angle. It can be operated. 316610 30 200527015 Effect According to the present invention, the controllable diffusion angle (angle range) can be controlled. Because # 蛉 the light display device emitted by the front panel, the columns can be aligned to the second, and the right is used to constitute the liquid crystal test. In order to award an ineffective angle fan dry milk ..., # 1 stomach that can control the emitted light. First, because no cymbals are needed, it can provide a thinner backlight than conventional products. ㈣ = 仏 仏 灿㈣ Low power consumption liquid crystal display device. [Brief description of the drawings] Figure 1 shows a schematic side view of the present invention. The light diffraction mechanism of the light guide plate of the first embodiment of the liquid crystal device The resulting third figure is a schematic diagram illustrating the diffraction angle. Product :: The figure is a schematic side view illustrating the effect of the light guide plate of the liquid crystal display device of the second embodiment. Figure 5 is a schematic side view illustrating the internal incident angle α and the outer light guide plate Fig. 6 is a diagram used for the explanation of Fig. 5 and shows the relationship between the incident height h and the intensity of each anterior component incident to the left end surface light 10L and the left end surface muscle under predetermined conditions. Figure; (b) is a graph showing the relationship between the incident angle α 'and the intensity of the light reaching the left end surface 10L and the polarized light incident from the left end surface 10L; (c) is the display ( a) In the case of the light reaching the left end face 10L and the internal angle of incidence of each polarized light component 316610 31 200527015 incident from the left end face 10L, the relationship diagram of the intensity, (a) The arrival of different cases / 'Members are not related to U), while the light on the surface 101 and the incidence from the left end surface 10L &amp; the internal angle of each ^ n incident angle α and the intensity diagram. Figure 7 is a schematic side view illustrating the operation of the liquid crystal display device in the form of three yoke $ &amp; aa &gt; ^. h-first plate Fig. 8 is a schematic side view illustrating the effect of the light guide plate of the liquid crystal display device of the fourth embodiment. FIG. 9 is a schematic side view illustrating a method for manufacturing a full-picture as a light diffraction mechanism in this embodiment. Fig. 1◦ is an emission angle distribution diagram for explaining the light intensity emitted from the light emitting surface at the half-value width s of Fig. 9; The 11th 1M is a schematic side view of a conventional m display device. [Description of main component symbols] 1 Liquid crystal display device 2 Liquid crystal element 3 Polarizer (upper side) 4 Polarizer (lower side) 5 Backlight module 6 Light source 7, 107 Reflector 8 Condensing lens 10 Light guide plate body 10L Left end face 10R Right end Surface 3166) 0 32 200527015 11 light diffraction mechanism (photograph, etc.) 11a photosensitive material 12 polarization direction conversion mechanism 20 diffuser plate 51 light exit surface of light guide plate body 52 bottom surface of light guide plate body 70, 7 72, 73 guide Light plate 60, 101 LCD display element 102, 103 Polarizer 104 Brightness enhancement film 105 Cymbal 106 Diffuse plate 107 Reflective plate 108 Reflective plate 109 Light guide plate 110 Diffuse reflective layer 160 Light source part a, b, 90-a angle a Internal incidence Angle a 5 external incident angle β diffusion angle of light

33 31661033 316610

Claims (1)

200527015 十、申請專利範圍：200527015 X. Scope of patent application: 一種導光板，具備： 面對前述導光板本體 置的光繞射機構， 具有光射出面的導光板本體，以及 之與前述光射出面相對之面而配 面入射到 I、、使來自光源的光從前述導光板本體的端 鈾述導光板本體内， 則述光繞射機構係使與前述光射出面成滿足⑴式 ^角度&amp; 乂而仗刚述導光板本體入射到前述光繞射機 之來自丽述光源的光中之特定i個或複數個波長的 先之特定的偏光成份以(9〇-a)。的繞射角繞射， 〇〈a$b+5 ··· (1) 封玄在此，co价）=n2/n)，n】係前述導光板本體的折 射率’㈣接於前述導光板本體的光射出面外側之媒體 的折射率。 旦 2. —種導光板，具備：具有絲出面的導光板本體，以 面對前述導光板本體之與前述光射出面相對之面而西 置的光繞射機構，使來自光源的光從前述導光板本體 端面入射到前述導光板本體内， 且 前述光繞射機構係使與前述光射出面成滿足（ 的角度a。而從前述導光板本體人射到前述光繞射/ 構之來自前述光源的光中之特定1個或複數個波長的 光之特定的偏光成份以(90—a)。的繞射角繞射， (B-5)/2^a^ (B+5 ) /2 ...⑵ 在此，設從前述導光板本體的端面人射到前述導光 316610 34 200527015 板本體内之光的強度之在前述導光板本體的厚度方向 之内部入射角分佈的半值寬度為HW(。)，則 種導光板’具備.具有光射出面的導光板本體，以及 配置於前述光射出面上之光繞射機構， 二使來自光源的光從前述導光板本體的端面入射到 前述導光板本體内， 月IJ述光繞射機構係使與前述光射出面成滿足（丨）式 的角度a。而從前述導光板本體入射到前述光繞射機 構之來自前述光源的光中之特定！個或複數個波長的 光之特定的偏光成份以(90 + a)。的繞射角繞射， 〇&lt;a$b+5 … （！） 在此，cos(b)=n2/ni，⑴係前述導光板本體的折 射率，⑴係接於前述導光板本體之與光射出面相對之面 的外側之媒體的折射率。 種‘光板，具備.具有光射出面的導光板本體，以及 配置於前述光射出面上之光繞射機構， _使來自光源的光從前述導光板本體的端面入射到 前述導光板本體内， 月D述光繞射機構係使與前述光射出面成滿足（2)式 的角度a ίό從前述導光板本體入射到前述光繞射機 構之來自刚逑光源的光中之特定j個或複數個波長的 光之特定的偏光成份以(9〇+a)。的繞射角繞射， (B-5)/2Sa$ (B+5 ) /2 …（2) 在此’设從哥述導光板本體的端面入射到前述導光 35 316610 200527015 之:Γ内之光的強度之在前述導光板本體的厚度方向 5 部入射角分佈白勺半值寬度為HW⑴，則B=HW/2。 .D，」青專利範圍項至第4項中任—項之導光板，其 剛述光繞射機構係使人射到前述光繞射機構的光中 =數個波長的光之該料的偏光成份以前述繞射角繞 =月專利把圍弟5項之導光板，其中，前述複數個波 长·知、3波長。 7.=請專利㈣第6項之導光板，其中，前述3波長传 Γ 420至480nm選擇的1波長、從刚至亀m選擇的 波長及從600至650nm選擇的】波長。 δ.:申=專利範圍第項中任—項之導光板，其 如述光繞射機構係全像片。 9. 如中料利範㈣8項之導絲，其巾，係使用浮彫型 全像片作為前述全像片。 10. 如中請專利範㈣9項之導光板，其中，前述浮彫型全 像片係形成有’使從導光板本體的端面入射到前述導光 板本體内的來自光源的參照光，及從相對於前述光射出 面配置成大致平行的擴散板射出的物體光，在應設置前 述浮彫型全像片的記錄面產生干涉而成的圖案者，， 且從前述擴散板射出的物體光之強度的射出角分 佈之半值寬度t，係相對事先設定的從前述導光板射出 的光之強度的射出角分佈之半值寬度s，滿足數式 s-5^t^s+5 316610 36 (3) 200527015 lh如申請專利範圍第10項之導光板，其中，前述全像片 的。己錄面與前述擴散板之間隔係設定在0. 3n]以上來形 成圖案。 12 · 士申％專利範圍第}項至第4項中任一項之導光板，其 中5珂述特定的偏光成份係s偏光成份。 13.如申睛專利範圍第12項之導光板，其中，與前述導光 板的鳊面及光射出面之外的其他面中的至少一面相向 配置將入射的P偏光成份變換成S偏光成份並加以反 射之偏光方向變換機構。 14·如申明專利範圍第13項之導光板，其中，係使用擴散 反射板作為前述偏光方向變換機構。 15·如申請專利範圍第13項之導光板，其中，制吏用由又 /4相位差板及鏡面反射板構成的偏光方向變換機構 作為月II述偏光方向變換機構，且在前述導光板的端面及 光射出面之外的至少—面侧，隔著λ 相位差板配置 鏡面反射板。 16.如申請專利範㈣丨項或第2項之導光板，其中，前a 光繞射機構之與前述導光板本體相反側的面，係藉由^ 電質多層膜或金屬膜的疊層而形成鏡面。 如申請專利範圍第3項或第4項之導光板，其中，前左 等先板本體之與前述光射出面相對的面，係藉由介電， 多層膜或金屬膜的疊層而形成鏡面。 -種背光模組’係具備：申請專利範圍第！項至第4 項中任-項之導光板，以及配置在該導光板的端面側之 3】66]0 37 200527015 光源。 1 9 · 一種背光模組，係具備·· 申請專利範圍第1項至第4項中任一項之導光板 配置在該導光板的至少一個端面側之光源； 配置在該光源與前述導光板之間的透鏡；以及 配置在前述光源之外側之反射板。 20. -種液晶顯示裝置’係使用申請專利範圍第 光模組而構成者。 、月 21 · —種液晶顯示裝置，係具備： 液晶元件（cel 1); 配置在該液晶元件的上下兩面側之—對偏光板;以 及 :己置在前述下側的偏光板的下面側之申請專利範 圍弟18項之背光模組。 22.如申請專利範圍第21項之液晶顯示裝置，㈠，藉由 調整前述紐射機構的繞射效率，以將按照順序㈣前 迭背光模組的導光板、前述下侧的偏光板之光在該下側 偏光板面内的光強度分佈設定成實質上均勺。 3166]0 38A light guide plate includes: a light diffractive mechanism disposed facing the light guide plate body, a light guide plate body having a light exit surface, and a surface opposite to the light exit surface, and a matching surface incident on I, and a light source When light passes from the end of the light guide plate body to the light guide plate body, the light diffractive mechanism is formed so that the light exit surface satisfies the following formula: ^ angle &amp; The first specific polarization component of a specific i or a plurality of wavelengths in the light from the Lishu light source is (90-a). Diffraction angle diffraction, 〇 <a $ b + 5 ··· (1) Feng Xuan here, co value) = n2 / n), n] is the refractive index of the aforementioned light guide plate body '㈣ is connected to the aforementioned guide The refractive index of the medium outside the light exit surface of the light plate body. 2. A light guide plate comprising: a light guide plate body having a wire exit surface; and a light diffractive mechanism disposed westwardly facing a surface of the light guide plate body opposite to the light exit surface, so that light from a light source passes from the light source. The end face of the light guide plate body is incident into the body of the light guide plate, and the light diffractive mechanism is such that the angle a satisfies the angle between the light exit surface and the person. A specific polarized component of a specific one or a plurality of wavelengths of light in a light source is diffracted at a diffraction angle of (90-a). (B-5) / 2 ^ a ^ (B + 5) / 2 ... ⑵ Here, let us assume that the half-value width of the distribution of the incident angle of the intensity of light from the end face of the light guide plate body to the light guide 316610 34 200527015 in the thickness direction of the light guide plate body is HW (.), The light guide plate is provided with a light guide plate body having a light exit surface and a light diffractive mechanism arranged on the light exit surface, and the light from the light source is incident from the end surface of the light guide plate body to In the body of the light guide plate, the light is described by IJ The diffractive mechanism is an angle a that satisfies the formula (丨) with the light exit surface. A specific one or a plurality of wavelengths of light from the light source incident from the light guide plate body to the light diffractive mechanism is emitted from the light source. The specific polarized light component is diffracted at a diffraction angle of (90 + a). 〇 &lt; a $ b + 5… (!) Here, cos (b) = n2 / ni, which is the same as that of the aforementioned light guide plate body The refractive index is the refractive index of the medium connected to the outside of the light guide plate body opposite to the light exit surface. The light plate includes: a light guide plate body having a light exit surface; and a light guide plate body disposed on the light exit surface. The light diffraction mechanism _ makes the light from the light source incident into the light guide plate body from the end surface of the light guide plate body. The light diffraction mechanism described above makes the angle a satisfying the formula (2) with the light exit surface. The specific polarization component of a specific j or a plurality of wavelengths of light from the rigid light source incident from the light guide plate body to the light diffraction mechanism is diffracted at a diffraction angle of (90 + a). ， (B-5) / 2Sa $ (B + 5) / 2… (2) Here, set the light guide plate from Geshu The end surface of the body is incident on the aforementioned light guide 35 316610 200527015: the intensity of the light inside Γ is at the half-width of the incident angle distribution in the thickness direction of the aforementioned light guide plate body is HW⑴, then B = HW / 2. .D The light guide plate of any one of the items in the scope of "Qing Patent" to "item 4", the light diffraction mechanism just described makes the light incident on the light diffraction mechanism = a number of wavelengths of the material's polarizing component. At the aforementioned diffraction angle, the light guide plate of the fifth item of the sibling is wrapped around the above-mentioned patent. Among them, the aforementioned plurality of wavelengths are known. 3. = Please refer to the light guide plate of the sixth item of the patent, where the three wavelengths are transmitted. 1 wavelength selected from 420 to 480 nm, wavelength selected from just to 亀 m, and wavelength selected from 600 to 650 nm]. δ .: application = any of the items in the patent scope-the light guide plate, which is described as a light diffraction mechanism is a hologram. 9. As for the guide wire of item 8 of Lifan, the embossed hologram is used as the aforementioned hologram. 10. The light guide plate of item 9 of the patent, wherein the relief type hologram is formed with a reference light from a light source that is made to enter the light guide plate body from an end surface of the light guide plate body, and The light emitting surface is arranged such that the object light emitted by the substantially parallel diffuser plate interferes with the recording surface of the relief type hologram, and the intensity of the object light emitted from the diffuser plate is emitted. The half-value width t of the angular distribution is the half-value width s of the emission angle distribution relative to the intensity of the light emitted from the light guide plate set in advance, and satisfies the formula s-5 ^ t ^ s + 5 316610 36 (3) 200527015 lh The light guide plate according to item 10 of the scope of patent application, in which the aforementioned holograms. The interval between the recorded surface and the diffusion plate is set to 0.3 n] or more to form a pattern. 12. The light guide plate according to any one of items} to 4 in the patent scope of Shishen%, in which the specific polarization component is s-polarization component. 13. The light guide plate according to item 12 of the patent application, wherein at least one of the light guide plate and the light exiting surface other than the light guide plate is arranged to face the light guide plate, and the incident P polarized light component is converted into the S polarized light component. Polarizing direction conversion mechanism for reflection. 14. The light guide plate according to claim 13 of the patent scope, wherein a diffuse reflection plate is used as the aforementioned polarization direction conversion mechanism. 15. If the light guide plate according to item 13 of the patent application scope, the manufacturer uses a polarization direction conversion mechanism composed of a / 4 retardation plate and a specular reflection plate as the polarization direction conversion mechanism described in Section II. A specular reflection plate is disposed on at least one surface side other than the end surface and the light exit surface with a λ phase difference plate interposed therebetween. 16. The light guide plate according to item 1 or item 2 of the patent application, wherein the surface of the front a light diffractive mechanism on the opposite side of the main body of the light guide plate is formed by laminating a multilayer electric film or a metal film. A mirror surface is formed. For example, the light guide plate of the third or fourth item of the patent application, in which the front surface of the front plate body opposite to the light exit surface is formed by a dielectric, a multilayer film or a metal film to form a mirror surface. . -A kind of backlight module 'is equipped with: the scope of patent application! Item 3 to Item 4-the light guide plate, and the light source 3] 66] 0 37 200527015 light source arranged on the end face side of the light guide plate. 1 9 · A backlight module provided with a light source having a light guide plate according to any one of claims 1 to 4 arranged on at least one end face side of the light guide plate; and a light source arranged on the light source and the aforementioned light guide plate A lens between them; and a reflecting plate arranged outside the light source. 20. A type of liquid crystal display device 'is constituted by using an optical module in the scope of patent application. January 21 · A liquid crystal display device comprising: a liquid crystal element (cel 1); a pair of polarizing plates disposed on the upper and lower sides of the liquid crystal element; and: a polarizing plate that has been placed on the lower side of the aforementioned lower polarizing plate The patent application covers 18 backlight modules. 22. According to the liquid crystal display device of the scope of application for patent No. 21, by adjusting the diffraction efficiency of the button mechanism, the light of the front light guide plate of the backlight module and the lower polarizer plate are sequentially stacked. The light intensity distribution in the surface of the lower polarizing plate is set to be substantially uniform. 3166] 0 38
TW093140192A 2003-12-25 2004-12-23 Light guide plate, back light and liquid crystal display device TW200527015A (en)

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CN101315484B (en) * 2007-06-01 2011-09-28 富士迈半导体精密工业（上海）有限公司 Light source component and back light module unit including the same
KR102399512B1 (en) * 2015-02-26 2022-05-19 엘지이노텍 주식회사 Front light unit and virtual image display device including the same
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