TW200526914A - Thermal separation method with thermoelectric module - Google Patents

Abstract

In thermal separation methods in which a material separation is carried out by the spatially separate input and extraction of heat, the input of heat occurs by means of the hot side of a current-carrying thermoelectrical module and the extraction of heat occurs by means of the cold side of a current-carrying thermoelectrical module.

Description

200526914 IX. Description of the invention: [Technical field to which the invention belongs] The present invention relates to a thermal separation method using a thermoelectric component [prior art] .... Examples of knife-off methods are drying, distillation, adsorption, absorption, sublimation or crystallization . The thermal separation method differs in that 埶, 彳 A 彳 are input during one stage of the method, and during the second stage of the method, which is spatially or temporarily separated from the first stage of the method Remove heat. Both heat input and heat removal use energy. For example, in 蒗 and 顾, the mixture to be distilled needs to be heated to a boil, and the condensate is 鞾 搵, and the vapour thus emitted needs to be condensed elsewhere. ν ά | 匁, sentence must receive 0 1 night! J, for example, in the combination of household silk dryer and dryer towel, you must first supply energy to evaporate water, and the resulting water vapor needs to be condensed elsewhere so that excess water vapor does not Release and escape into the surrounding environment. Therefore, all thermal separation methods 妗 & 0 ~ Nailing are 旎 ® dense. Heating and cooling are generally performed in different energy circuits. Also 丨 _ 仃 For example, for laboratory-scale distillation, evaporation is usually carried out by means of electric manipulators 66,…,…, and the jacket, and condensed by means of cooling water. [Summary of the Invention] 'wherein heat input and heat removal can reduce the total energy cost. One purpose of the present invention is to use thermoelectric components in the method. To provide a thermal separation method, which is coupled, and compared with known methods, this object of the present invention is to obtain the thermal separation method by 96 96.doc 200526914- A method of thermal separation is achieved in which material separation is performed by heat input and heat removal separated from each other in space, and the heat input is performed by the hot side of the current carrying thermoelectric component, and the heat removal is performed by the cold side of the current carrying heat. [Embodiment] In this context, the "material separation" describes separating a substance from a substance mixture or separating a substance mixture into two substance mixtures of different compositions. The thermal separation method is familiar to those skilled in the art. The thermal separation method of the present invention Examples are drying, distillation, adsorption, absorption, sublimation, crystallization, or a combination of two or more of these methods. The following first describes the thermoelectric component or configuration, and then describes the thermal separation method. Thermoelectric configuration such as Peltier The element is a hot fruit, and its operation does not require any moving parts that require maintenance. When a DC voltage is applied to a thermoelectric material, these thermoelectric materials form a temperature difference. Typical components are composed of two thin ceramic plates with excellent thermal conductivity. The plate contains p-type and η-type conductive semiconductors with the largest thermoelectric effect in series in space. The ceramic plate is an electrical insulator and is used to keep the bulk semiconductor in place. Thermoelectric components include hundreds of Equivalent ρ-type and heart-shaped conductive blocks. When the applied DC electrons enter the heart-shaped from the P-type conductive material through the conductive connection When they are electrical materials, they enter a higher energy state. In order to overcome this energy difference, heat energy is drawn from the environment, and this side becomes cold. The electrons then flow through the lattice of the η-type conductive material. At the connection point, it returns to a smaller energy state and releases this energy difference with heat release. Therefore, at the end, one side of the thermoelectric component becomes hot and the other side becomes cold. 96203.doc 200526914 Heat from one side Passed to the other side. If the motors are in opposite directions, the heat flow is also reversed. When using a thermoelectric component to heat the sundial, not only the input electric energy is converted into heat, but the energy is also transferred from the hot side to the cold side. This reduces the heating required. The basic emphasis of the present invention is to double use this effect, that is, in this method, where energy is required for heating and at the same time energy is required for cooling. Finally, these methods are all thermal separation methods, such as drying, Steaming, adsorption, absorption, liming, or crystallization will be explained in more detail below. In the thermal separation method according to the present invention, the material separation is performed by thermally transporting people and removing heat from each other spatially. After that, the heat input and heat output are respectively performed in the substance mixture to be separated and the separated substance mixture. In this example, the knife is separated. ⑤ A component or substance is separated from the substance mixture, or the species is separated into A mixture of two substances of different compositions. The places where heat is turned in and the place where heat is removed during the thermal separation method are familiar: The artist is familiar with sun knees, ^ 丨, / nr 丄, and below the elbow, there are conventional examples about drying, The effects of distillation, adsorption, absorption, sublimation and crystallization are described in the following. In the method of the present invention, the heat input is via the current-carrying thermoelectric component. &> Exclude the thermoelectric unit through the carrier current • The heat input and heat removal are preferably performed through the hot side and the cold side of the same thermoelectric module. In the method of thermal separation, the thermoelectric module is incorporated into the thermoelectric module. Familiar with this is obvious. The hot and cold sides of the cooked components can be brought into direct contact with the shells or substance mixtures to be heated or heated. Contacting can optionally be performed via another transfer vehicle. The structure can be designed as a function of a related thermal separation method and a device for the same. For example, in the case of distillation, the material mixture 96203.doc 200526914 is separated from each other in space. Heating and evaporation and condensation are separated in space. __________... The heat input or heat removal used in the heating and cooling areas can be adapted to the heat carrier. '' For example, it can be used in the condenser part of the laboratory distillation device,-'' 卩 Jc is in contact with the cold side of the thermoelectric component, so that the cooling water is on the thermoelectric component "7 side Q. Then the cooling water is placed in the distillation device. Circulation between the conventional condenser and the cold side of the hot 2 module. It can correspond to the input of heat to the hot side of the thermoelectric module, for example, a flask containing a distillation device for the mixture to be evaporated. Therefore, it can be caused by a heat transfer medium Thermal separation device or thermal separation method t: The location of the heat source and the location of heat removal are connected to or in contact with the hot and cold sides of the current-carrying thermoelectric component, respectively. ^ Heat-drying separates liquids from wet solids, usually water. The drying process consists of two_ The human steps consist of: h The liquid is transformed into a vapor state by heat input. 2 • The vapor is removed. The parts are distinguished by simultaneous heat and material transfer, and physical bar 2 1 = period change. Only If the surface of the material is sufficiently wet, then this and / or the rate of intermediate dry flicker only depends on the intensity of thermal energy. The main evaporation process is based on the yttrium preparation medium (for example, the surface evaporation process depending on the material transfer between drying. If dry " The thermal state and fluid dynamic rate of a certain object are also constant. In the low M range, it is determined that the dry can,… ,,, and the surrounding, that is, after falling below the so-called X must be moisture, The drying rate is essentially determined by ·, f. The key material property is thermal conductivity ::: and material transfer dryers are not only in the field of industrial process technology ;: Permeability rate: and wet performance. Household wealth is also important. The aircraft and dryer materials are large in 96203.doc 200526914 and the water vapor released during drying must be condensed, because the bureau does not allow a large amount of water vapor to be emitted. In order to condense the steam, fresh water is required as a cold medium, 4 A large amount of cooling air is required. According to the present invention, it is necessary to "air-dry the heating air on the hot side of the thermoelectric module, while the water vapor cools it on the cold side." Considering improved heat transfer, the surface of the thermoelectric module is better Of effective surface area Tablets and the like.

The steam room is one or more sets of knives that evaporate the liquid mixture to be separated or purified. In this example, the vapor is generally obtained as a liquid condensate after condensation. Simple: The distiller consists of a heated boiler and condenser. The steam rising from the boiler is sent to a cooler, where it is liquefied, and the resulting condensate is collected in a container. Jingjing is a multiple steaming hall, and the liquid and steaming German are in direct contact with each other in countercurrent. In this case, the separation effect is better than steaming. The continuous rectifier column has one or two feeds and an aerator, usually at the lower end of the column, which produces upward flow, gully vapor. The vapor emerging from the top partly condenses and is recovered as a reflux, and the trowel is recovered as distillate with radon or liquid. The liquid bottom product is taken from the bottom of the steaming house. This separates the feed into German products and bottoms. The equilibrium vapor composition in the capsule fruit liquid mixture is different from the liquid composition, and the separation can be achieved only by the distillate and the essence. Depending on the balance of the mixture to be separated, the separation depends on the balance. The present invention also saves heat energy used in the distillation and rectification process, and avoids the use of cooling water for cooling. 96203.doc 10 200526914 It is particularly important to dry the area where the steam and / or seawater is converted into drinking water by steam distillation. The adsorption method is suitable for the separation of non-adsorbable or difficult-to-adsorb components that require a large excess. Separation of the adsorbable components that occur at low concentrations. For example, these separations are used to recover solvents from waste air and dry None, decolorization from air or separation of odorous substances, and solutions. The adsorption method is not limited to this type of separation work. Its ability to deal with unfavorable concentration levels in this way is limited to the upper limit range by other existing separation methods, and other methods are at least technically effective and economical, while the lower limit range can be processed without limitation due to extremely low concentrations. Similar to the condensation process, the adsorption process is accompanied by a change in enthalpy. The heat of adsorption of a substance is greater than its heat of condensation, but is generally lower than the enthalpy change of a chemical reaction. Substances are generally adsorbed on the medium at low temperatures. Cooling is performed to remove the heat of adsorption. To desorb the substance, the vehicle is heated until the substance is released. Therefore, the use of thermoelectric components is also ideal for adsorption. Very similar considerations also apply to absorption ... Absorption refers to the complete or partial absorption of gas or vapor (the substance to be absorbed) when passing through a washing liquid (absorbent). Gas solubility can be dominated by physical forces (molecular attraction) in so-called physical washing or by pure chemical bonding in the so-called chemical washing example. (The gas components are chemically bonded by solid substances (for example, ammonium sulfide is bonded by iron oxide) and are also chemically adsorbed, and are also covered by * Zhengying's absorption terms in the present invention.) 0 The main application area of absorption is gas purification or pain The mixture of human and wind is separated. The technical gas absorption or scrubbing system is composed of two main components in the mouth of Cao Lujia and Ya. The gas scrubbing tower that absorbs 96203.doc 200526914 and the self-loaded scrubbing gas decomposes the gas. , P replaces and makes the knee washer reusable the so-called regenerator. In the special case of economically acceptable lamps, for reasons of simplification, detergents are only used to absorb people and discarded as waste washing media. The gas is low and the dish is absorbed in the absorbent. In order to make it desorb, the absorbent is heated: this is an ideal field for the electricity generation group # of the present invention. Sublimation refers to the direct transformation of a substance from a solid phase into a gas phase without going through the physical state of the liquid. This process is usually closely related to the inverse process. The direct condensation of steam into the mouth is sometimes also called sublimation, but more accurately it should be called desublimation. The appearance of the liquid phase in the absence of a liquid phase 'includes the evaporation of solids and the subsequent condensation of vapors into solids, which is also referred to as sublimation. The evaporation of liquids and the direct condensation of vapors into solids are called pseudo-sublimation. mouth. Each juice bloom is composed of a sublimator and a condenser. The sublimator requires a larger amount of heat than the evaporator, because the heat of sublimation is always greater than the heat of evaporation. Similar to human distillation, rectification, or extraction, crystallization is a hot-knife method that includes phase formation because at least one solid phase is produced from a solution, melt, or vapor. /, This kind of thermal method, because in the crystallization process generally transfers significant heat through the wall or directly connected to the phase, and because even without thermal effects, the achievable results are still basically based on thermodynamic considerations. Depends on the phase balance. In addition to manufacturing single crystals with specific properties, crystallization is focused on the following main tasks: purification, separation, and generation of specific crystal forms. If the crude product contains solvent-insoluble impurities, the substance to be purified can be separated by dissolving it in water, filtering off the solution (adding a suitable adsorbent if necessary), and then crystallizing from the pollutant 96203.doc -12- 200526914. Even if the solution is not filtered before crystallization, the subsequent crystals usually contain fewer impurities and coarse crystals, because when crystals grow less quickly, they crystallize faster than impurities (self-purification ability). The specific crystal form can be obtained by appropriately modifying the physical variables (temperature, supersaturation, etc.) or by adding a yield-improving substance. ^ In melt crystallization, when a contaminant reduces the melting point of a pure substance, the crystal is always purer than the melt when it is in equilibrium; if the melting point is increased (less common), the melt is more pure. When the entire melt is solidified, for example, in the form of flakes, the crystallization is purely a forming method. In all thermal separation methods, the use of thermoelectric components brings a variety of advantages: compared to previous techniques, the car driver is more energy efficient and cools the media. Standard thermoelectric components can be used in applications of the present invention. For example, these are described in EP-A-ll02 334 and EP-A-1 289 026. The following are examples of thermoelectric components that can be used in the present invention. Thermoelectric generators or components have been known for a long time. The p-type and η-type doped semiconductors which are heated on one side and cooled on the other side transmit electric charge 'via an external circuit to make electrical work from the load in the circuit. The efficiency with which heat is converted into electricity is thus thermodynamically limited by Carnot efficiency. Using a temperature of 1000 K on the hot side and 400 K on the cold side, it is possible to have (W00-400) / 1000 = 60% efficiency. Unfortunately, only up to 10% efficiency has been achieved so far. For example, on November 8, 1993, Yokohama, Yokohama, Ci * onin B. Vining, ITS Short Course on Thermoelectricity A satisfactory review of available materials. 96203.doc -13- 200526914 σ and thermal conductivity κ, z factor (coefficient of performance) are characteristics of thermoelectric components. Using the Seebeck coefficient α, the electrical conductivity Z = α2 · σ which follows the efficiency given by the formula given by MM = [1 + z (THigh 彳 Low) / 2] 0.5: η = -Τlow'M- \ 7highM + (see also Mat. Sci. and Eng. B29 (1995) 228). According to the present invention, it is preferable to provide a material having a maximum zeta value and high temperature difference. For example, the material used for the purpose represents multiple considerations, such as Ding Yi, Yi Ding, or SiGe. For example, the decrease in electrical conductivity of the alloy is less than the decrease in thermal conductivity. Therefore, it is preferable to use an alloy as described in U.S. Patent No. 5,448,109, such as (Bi2Te3) 90 (Sb2Te3) 5 (Sb2Se3) 5 or Bi12Sb23 Te65. For thermoelectric materials with high efficiency, other restrictions should preferably be met. First, the knives must be thermally stable in the application area so that they can operate for years without substantial loss of efficiency. This indicates its own (high) temperature stable phase (stable phase composition) 'and the alloy components diffuse negligibly into the adjacent contact material. For example, 'favorable thermoelectric generators may be those having P-type or n-type doped semiconducting moons and materials' and the semiconductor material is at least a ternary material (by mixing at least two of the substance types) Obtained from compounds): (1) Shixiu 9696.doc • 14- 200526914 U3Si5, BaSi2, CeSi2, GdSi, NdSi2, CoSi, CoSi2, CrSi2, FeSi, FeSi2, MnSi, MoSi2, WSi2, VSi, TiSi2, ZrSi2 VSi2, NbSi2 and TaSi2 (2) Borides UB2, UB4, UB12, CeB6, A1B12, CoB, CrB2, CrB4, FeB, MnB, MnB2, MnB12, MoB, MoB4, SiB4, SiB6, SiB12, TiB2, VB2, YB4, ZrB2, CuB24, NiB12, BaB6, MgB2, MgB4, and MgB12, among which aluminum-containing borides can also contain one carbon atom for each B atom, (3) Germanium compounds U5Ge3, BaGe, GdGe, Dy5Ge3, Fr5Ge3, and Ce3Ge5 ( 4) Compounds, sulfides and bumps

LaS, NdS, Pr2S3, DyS, USe, BaSe, GdSe, LaSe, Nd3Se4, Nd2Se3, PrSe, FrSe, UTe, GdTe, LaTe, NdTe, PrTe, SmTe, DyTe, and ErTe (5) Antimony compounds USb, CeSb, GdS LaSb, NdSb, PrSb, DySb, AlSb, CoSb, CrSb, FeSb, Mg3Sb2, Ni5Sb2, CoSb3 and NiSb3 (6) Lead compounds

CePb, Gd5Pb3, La5Pb3, and Dy5Pb4; in substance types (1) to (6), if they are not in the combination, up to 10 atomic% of the elements can be passed through Na, K, Rb, Cs, Zn, Cd, Αb Ga, Zr, Mg, S, Cu, Ag, Au, Ti, V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo, W, Mn, Re, Fe, Co, Ni or a mixture thereof. 96203.doc -15- 200526914 (7) Semiconductor oxides U02, Bi203, CuO, Cu20, SnO, PbO, ZnO, In203, W03, V205, Sb203, CoO, NiO, co3. 4. FeO, Fe203, Nb02, CeOjBaO, of which up to 10 mole% of the oxide can pass through Na2O, K2O, CdO, MgO, CaO, SrO, Al2O3, Ga2O3, Cr2O3 or this And so on. The semiconductor material is preferably a binary or ternary alloy or a substance type (that is, a binary oxide) which does not replace the substance type of the oxide or element shown to one of (6). According to another procedure, in order to obtain a thermoelectric active substance It can reset 30 to 50, preferably 35 to 40. The semiconductor elements b, Si, Ge, sb, Bi, s, Se, and / or the kind of semiconductor elements are 50 to 70, preferably 60 to 65% by weight of elements Mg, A1, e Ni Co, Zn, Cd, Ti, Zr, Y, Cu, V, Mo, W, Mn, #U or more combinations and reactions. As described below, these substances Group manpower in a suitable combination—such as ^,, σ, and make the element mixture subsequently react with the temperature and react by solidification and sacrifice; a. The coffin should form a thermoelectrically active substance. Proportion of doped elements in the alloy It is 20 von ^ · 1 atoms /., Or ιου to 1020 charge carriers per cubic centimeter. Higher charge carriers ten < and #, j 丁 / 辰 不 屋 生 unfavorable reorganization, therefore, it leads to electricity How the fluidity is reduced. In the elementary element sine rm, the excess or lack of electrons is caused, such as when used in the body; ^, f + 4. When 3/6 of the semiconductor, for η- type semiconductor moth-earth element used to test semiconductor ρ- Another possibility doped Α

f is used to sub- or super-stoichiometric group eight objects to stand HI conductive holes or electrons into the 袓 _ 1 li, and the mouthpiece is thoughtful. In addition τΙ! Save additional doping steps. Alternatively, an aqueous solution of a metal salt can be introduced into the pod for drying. Subsequent to "Suo Nu" in the mixed man to reduce-%% ions, for example, at high temperature from hydrogen 96203.doc • 16- 200526914: original: or remain in the material without reduction. The ratio of the material to P · transfer Doping or erbium doping, or choosing this compound doping and P-type doping with Sb, Bi, or Bi-mongonium 92/1381 1). Preparation of doping (see W0 Best use of known low-work weight

ττ Ώ · 〇 Main examples of these are A U, Bl, Se, Te, Ce, Ba. π] is, for example, 'The following binary alloy is more noticeable as a base with a high 2: a melting point of thermoelectric material (° c) ub2 2385 ub4 2495 ub12 2235 U5Ge3 1670 USb 1850 U3Si5 1770 USe 1990 UTe BaGe 1145 BaSe BaSi2 1180 Other suitable binary materials with high thermal stability (the melting point in parentheses is ° C)-is: germanide GdGe (1790), Dy5Ge3 (1 825), Er5Ge3 (1950); antimony compound GdSb (2130), LaSb (1690), NdSb (2100), PrSb (2170), DySb (2170); Lead compounds CePb (1380), Gd5Pb3 (1670), 96203.doc 200526914

La5Pb3 (1450), Dy5Pb4 (1695); silicides GdSi (2100), NdSi2 (1757); selenides GdSe (2170), LaSe (1950), Nd3Se4, Nd2Se3, PrSe (2100), ErSe (1630); telluride GdTe (1825), LaTe (1720), NaTe (2025), PrTe (1950), SmTe (1910), DyTe (1850), ErTe (1790) and sulfide LaS (2300), NdS (2200), Pr2S3 (1 795) and DyS (2370). Can also be used:

CeB6

Ce3Ge5

CeSb

CeSi2

CeTe

Ce4Bi3

CePb A suitable substance based on this is described in EP-A-1 102 334. This material is prepared by known methods, for example, sintering elemental powders at high temperatures but below the melting point to prepare elemental compounds' or by arcing in a high vacuum, j: tolerate and then milling and sintering or automelting. For example, oxides are synthesized by sintering a powder mixture of individual oxides. Thermoelectrically active mixed oxides can be prepared by reactively sintering the corresponding metal mixture at high temperatures in the air. For economic reasons, it is advantageous to use a mixture of oxides and metals. Metals that are highly reactive and therefore expensive and difficult to handle (eg U, Ba, Ce) are used as U02, BaO or Ce02. Similarly, Na is used as Na2O, Na2C03 or NaOH, and K is used as K. 2. KOH or 96203.doc -18- 200526914 K2C03 is used, Sr is used as SrO or SrC03, Ga is used as Ga203. Descriptions of suitable thermoelectric materials can also be found in, for example, US Patent No. 6,225,550 and EP-A-1 102 334. U.S. Patent No. 6,225,55 is basically about materials made of MgxSbz. These materials are further doped with another element, preferably a transition metal. EP-A-1 102 334 discloses p-type or n-type doped semiconductor materials. These materials represent self-cutting compounds, shed compounds, germanium compounds, sulfides and selenium compounds, antimonides, lead compounds. And at least ternary species of semiconductor oxide species. According to EP-A-1 289 026, the thermoelectric active material is selected from p-type or heart-type doped semiconductor materials made of a ternary compound of the general formula (I):

MexSAySBz (I) where

Me H, Zr, V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo, W, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cii or Ag, S, SB = B, C, Si, Ge, Sb, Se or Te Here, sA * sB are from different families of the periodic table, and x, y, and Z are independent of each other, and are in the range of 0.001 to 1, in which semiconductor materials are expressed, and the total weight ratio of SA and SB is greater than 30%, (according to A specific embodiment excludes the ternary compound A1Bij0SiB6) or a mixed oxide of the general formula (II): [(CaO) u. (SrO) v. (BaO) w (1/2 Bi2〇3) x] f ({ ^} MenO ^ {2-A;} Men + aOw + J (Π) 2 96203.doc 200526914 where

Me = Fe, Cu, v, Mn, Sn, and Ti n = integers from 1 to 6, a = 1 or 2, a number from 0.2 to 5, and a number from 0.01 to 2, preferably 0.01 to 199. For example, U + V + w + X = l 〇 In the ternary compound of general formula (I), Sb and Te. It is preferably selected from B, c, Ge. In this semiconductor material, Me is preferably selected from one of the following groups: 0 Al3 Ti5 Zr 2) V, Nb, Ta

3) Cr, Mo, W 4) Mn, Fe, Co, Ni 5) Cu, Ag 〇 In this example, the comments given above apply to doping. 7 These materials are preferably prepared according to the known methods described or melted in a high vacuum and subsequently ground and sintered or molten element powder mixture and cooled. In the mixed oxide of the general formula (II), 11 represents the Mei Mei oxidation state, and f represents a stoichiometric factor. f has a value in the range of 02 to 5, preferably 0.5 to 2 ', particularly preferably 1. a represents the difference between two different oxidation states of Me. For the stoichiometric factor f, a number from 0.2 to 0.99, a number 1, a number from j to 2, and a number from 2.01 to 5 can be displayed as a preferable range. These are the preferred embodiments of the present invention. 96203.doc -20- 200526914 k represents the ratio of different oxidation states. Preferred compounds are described in EP-A-1 289 026. Other suitable thermoelectric materials are described in the United States, Boston, Massachusetts, Symposium, November 30-December 1998, Canglund, Pennsylvania, 1 999, Proceedings of the Society for Materials Research Volume 545, "Thermoelectric materials 1998-the next generation materials for small-scale refrigeration and powered generation applications", symposium held November 30- December 3, 1998, Boston, Massachusetts, US, Materials Research Society Symposium Proceedings volume 545, Warrendale, Pennsylvania, 1999) 〇 Among them are mentioned as suitable thermoelectric materials (for example, PbTe / PbhEuxTe, AgBiTe2-Ag2Te complex, Si / Ge and Si / SiGe structures, SrBiTe3, AgPbBiQ3 (Q = S, Se, Te), B4C ceramics, iron disilicide, ReSi! .75 film, Ce5Cu] 9Pi2, Bibu xBei + x, Cs2Bi7.33Sei2, A2BigSii3 (A = Rb, Cs), Ba4_xBi6 + 2 / 3xSe13, Ba3 + xPb3 + xBi6Se15, Re6Te15_xSex (0 < x < 8), Re6MnxTei5 (x = 0,1,2,2; M = Ga, In, Ag), ternary and quaternary metal-wire chalcogenide, Bii_xSex alloy, CoSb3, BiSb3, CqSo Western compound, iron-doped CoSb3 galvanite, Si / SibxGex, GaAs / AlAs supercrystal Lattice, transition metal pentatelluride, (Zr, Hf) (Ni, Pd) Sn, RNiRb (R = Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Y), Ge46 cages and related MxGayGe46_yPbTe superlattices and other materials. This Among them, Bi2Te3, PbTe, SiGe, NaCo204, Ca3Co409, 96203.doc -21-200526914 are preferred to form scobaltite (m = c0, Rh & CuSb3) and ReFe ^ CXsb! 2 (filled B4C, CaB6). , SrB6, BaB6, (AgSbTe2) x 〇, and As, the skutterite), Mg2SixsnNx

Sb) (preferably zn4Sb3 and (GeTe) are of the structure. They are known and can be found in the general technical literature on thermoelectric materials and the thermoelectric components already described in the foregoing, which are suitable for the configuration of those skilled in the art.

The invention also relates to a dryer with at least one thermoelectric component (for: the material is directly or indirectly heated by it, and the water or 2 doses of steam released during the drying are directly or indirectly cooled by it), used for distillation, Sublimation device having at least one thermoelectric component (the mixture of substances to be separated is directly or indirectly heated by it, and at least partly evaporated and the resulting vapor is at least partially cooled directly or indirectly by it), and at least — A device for thermoelectric components (by which the mixture of substances to be crystallized is cooled directly or indirectly 'and the crystals obtained in this way are heated directly or indirectly by it).

96203.doc 22-

Claims (1)

200526914 10. Scope of patent application: 1 / knife method, in which the material separation and separation are separated from each other in space, A = and heat removal are performed, wherein the hot wheel is entered through the hot side of the current-carrying thermoelectric component, and The heat removal is performed through the cold side of the thermoelectric components of the Halberd motor. 2. According to the method of platinum item 1, the heat input and heat removal in the bean and the medium are carried out through the hot and cold sides of the same thermoelectric module. Door 3. Distillation, residua, adsorption, a combination of two or more of items 1 or 2 depending on the eye. Method, wherein the thermal separation method is a method of drying, steaming and sublimation, crystallization or a method thereof 4. One: a dryer having at least one thermoelectric component, the material to be dried is directly or indirectly heated by "and The water or gas released by _ is cooled directly or indirectly by it.… 5. According to the dryer of item 5, the dryer is a combined washing machine and the dried material. The materials to be dried are washed. 6 · A device for steaming, rectifying or sublimating with at least one thermoelectric component: the separated substance mixture is directly or indirectly heated by it, and to: part of Luofa and the resulting steam is It is at least partially cooled directly or indirectly. 7-a device for absorption and desorption or adsorption and desorption with at least one thermoelectric component, the substance mixture to be separated is directly or indirectly cooled by it during absorption or adsorption, and It is heated directly or indirectly during desorption. 0 8. A device for crystallization with at least one thermoelectric component, from which the mixture of substances to be crystallized is cooled directly or indirectly. The crystal obtained by this method is directly or indirectly heated by it. 96203.doc 200526914 VII. Designated representative map: (1) The designated representative map in this case is: (none). (II) The component symbols of this representative map are simply explained: If there is a chemical formula, please disclose the chemical formula that best shows the characteristics of the invention: (none) 96203.doc