200425649 玖、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明涉及一種通信終端機中使天線配置與放大器配置 相連接所用之電路配置，其包含：一接收路徑，其具有： 一接收濾波器元件，用來選取各接收信號；一發送路徑， 具有一發送濾波器元件，用來使各發送信號相對於該接收 路徑而衰減，各接收路徑分別經由一種共同之導線而與該 天線配置相連接。本發明另涉及一設有此種電路配置之通 信裝置。 上述之電路配置通常亦稱爲具有”前終端（Front end)”之 槪念且描述一種硬體，其配置在天線配置（其可具有多個天 線）和放大器配置（其亦可具有多個放大器）之間。該硬體包 含頻率固定之濾波器，雙工器和開關。 【先前技術】 通信系統中全雙工-和非全雙工-系統之間通常是不同 的。就全雙工系統而言，其特徵是同時發送及接收各信號， 其例如可包含IS95，CDMA2000和UMTS UTRA FDD。非全 雙工系統中發送和接收不能同時進行，這例如包括UMTS UTRA TDD, GSM ίΡ DECT。 適用於多種模式之通信終端機中應可使用各種不同之頻 帶，其中可使用全雙工-和非全雙工-系統。在此二種形式之 通信系統中，須考慮以下之事實：發送路徑和接收路徑使 用相同之天線配置，因此須使發送路徑和接收路徑去耦 合。這首先是藉助於發送-濾波器-元件來達成，其可防止： 200425649 全特天工 非於由^ 。肩位經F 擾Ηαπ而 千雙號!J^， 成全信制器 造在送irp波 訊，發¾.據 雜一份通 或而使 1 低 號合了率種 信耦 爲頻一 之去。之要 送之求望需 發徑需期統 將路之不系 之接£τ部雙 關和 I?外全 有徑r帶 # 徑路π頻則 路送 — 送 ， 收發-¾發出 接就工之發 與 雙定線 系統需要一種帶通濾波器。非全雙工-系統中該發送路徑用 之低通濾波器用來抑制一發送信號之諧波。因此，該非全 雙工-系統之接收路徑具有一種方塊抑制用之帶通濾波器。 在全雙工-系統中對外部之頻帶衰減而言該發送濾波器有 較非全雙工-系統中更高之需求，特別是其低通濾波器中 者。其理由是：同時發送和接收時亦須抑制各種干擾。這 些干擾可在發送信號和同時接收之信號之間發生。 # 通信終端機中爲了可達成一多種模式之操作，則目前之 設計方式是：就每一頻帶而言，使用一路徑及其所屬之發 送濾波器和放大器。此外，全雙工-和非全雙工·路徑須分 離。這在上述形式之多種模式之電路配置中需要巨大之硬 體上之費用。 【發明內容】 本發明之目的是提供一已簡化之電路配置使通信終端機 中之天線配置可與放大器配置相連接。本發明另亦涉及一 種通信終端機。 該目的就電路配置而言是以使通信終端機中之天線配置 可與放大器配置相連接所用之電路配置來達成，其包含： 一接收路徑，其具有一接收濾波器元件以選取各接收信 200425649 號；一發送路徑，其具有一發送濾波器元件以使發送信號 相對於該接收路徑而被衰減。各路徑經由一種共同之導線 而分別與該天線配置相連接，其中形成該發送路徑以發出 至少二種行動無線電標準之發送信號。該發送路徑之一種 區段具有二個又可相結合之分支，其就其發送信號對接收 路徑之衰減而言是不同的，且該發送路徑之該區段須設有 開關，使各發送信號可切換於該二個分支之間。 本發明以下述情況爲出發點：該電路配置之發送路徑可 用於多個行動無線電標準中。因此，可依據剛才使用之行 動無線電標準而在該發送路徑之二個分支之間切換，以便 對該接收路徑提供所需之衰減。 上述方式之基準是：不同之行動無線電標準之衰減需求 互相不同，因此在衰減需求較小之行動無線電標準中使用 該發送路徑之一個分支且在衰減需求較大之行動無線電標 準中使用該發送路徑之另一個分支。可在此二個分支之間 切換以達成上述目的。 在較佳之實施例中，其中一分支在全雙工操作時具有較 高之衰減且另一分支在非全雙工操作時具有較低之衰減。 其基準是：非全雙工系統中該發送路徑所需之衰減需求較 全雙工系統中者還小。因此，例如對衰減需求較底之分支 之底通濾波器而言存在較小之抑制需求，使其能以小很多 之帶通衰減來達成。就此而言對該帶通衰減可在該電路配 置中形成一種對該發送路徑有利之値。所發生之損耗（其發 生在由放大器配置至天線配置之路徑上）是特別不利的，此 200425649 乃因其會造成該放大器配置很高之功率損耗，這樣會使隨 後之蓄積時間大大地縮短。這樣亦會造成排熱問題。 較佳是該發送路徑之該區段具有一種全部之發送信號都 可共用之低通濾波器，其優點是：衰減需求較小之行動無 線電標準之發送信號只可經由該低通濾波器，而衰減需求 較大之行動無線電標準之發送信號則經由另一濾波器元 件，其在與該共用之低通濾波器組合之後可滿足多種衰減 需求。該發送路徑區段之二個分支須依據各需求來調整。200425649 (1) Description of the invention: [Technical field to which the invention belongs] The present invention relates to a circuit configuration for connecting an antenna configuration and an amplifier configuration in a communication terminal, which includes: a receiving path having: a receiving filter element, A receiving path is used to select each receiving signal. A transmitting path has a transmitting filter element for attenuating each transmitting signal with respect to the receiving path. Each receiving path is connected to the antenna configuration through a common wire. The invention also relates to a communication device provided with such a circuit configuration. The above circuit configuration is also commonly referred to as having the “Front end” concept and describes a hardware that is configured in an antenna configuration (which can have multiple antennas) and an amplifier configuration (which can also have multiple amplifiers) )between. The hardware includes fixed-frequency filters, duplexers, and switches. [Prior art] There are usually differences between full-duplex and non-full-duplex systems in communication systems. A full-duplex system is characterized by sending and receiving signals simultaneously, which may include, for example, IS95, CDMA2000, and UMTS UTRA FDD. In a full-duplex system, transmission and reception cannot be performed simultaneously. This includes, for example, UMTS UTRA TDD, GSM and DECT. A variety of different frequency bands should be used in communication terminals suitable for multiple modes, of which full-duplex and non-full-duplex systems can be used. In these two forms of communication systems, the following facts must be considered: the transmission path and the reception path use the same antenna configuration, so the transmission path and the reception path must be decoupled. This is achieved first with the help of send-filter-elements, which can prevent: 200425649 Quante Tiangong Non-Reliable ^. The shoulders are perturbed by F, απ and thousands of doubles! J ^, the complete signal controller is built to send IRP waves, and it is sent. ¾ According to a copy of the pass, the 1 low number is combined with the frequency coupling. . What you want to send needs to be sent. You need to connect the roads. The τ Department Double Pass and I? Outside all have a path r belt # Path π frequency road transmission — send, send and receive-¾ send and receive work The development and dual routing systems require a band-pass filter. Non-full-duplex-A low-pass filter for this transmission path in a system is used to suppress the harmonics of a transmission signal. Therefore, the receiving path of the non-full-duplex-system has a bandpass filter for block suppression. In a full-duplex-system, the transmit filter has higher requirements for external frequency band attenuation than in a non-full-duplex-system, especially its low-pass filter. The reason is that it is necessary to suppress various interference when transmitting and receiving at the same time. These interferences can occur between transmitted and received signals. # In order to achieve a variety of modes of operation in a communication terminal, the current design method is to use a path and its transmitting filter and amplifier for each frequency band. In addition, full- and non-full-duplex paths must be separated. This requires a huge hardware cost in the circuit configuration of the above-mentioned various modes. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a simplified circuit configuration so that an antenna configuration in a communication terminal can be connected to an amplifier configuration. The invention also relates to a communication terminal. This objective is achieved in terms of circuit configuration by using a circuit configuration that enables an antenna configuration in a communication terminal to be connected to an amplifier configuration, including: a receiving path having a receiving filter element to select each receiving signal 200425649 A transmission path having a transmission filter element so that the transmission signal is attenuated relative to the reception path. Each path is connected to the antenna configuration via a common wire, and the transmission path is formed to transmit signals of at least two mobile radio standards. A section of the transmission path has two branches that can be combined, which are different in terms of the attenuation of the transmission signal to the reception path, and the section of the transmission path must be provided with a switch to enable each transmission signal Switchable between the two branches. The invention is based on the fact that the transmission path of the circuit configuration can be used in multiple mobile radio standards. Therefore, it is possible to switch between the two branches of the transmission path according to the mobile radio standard just used in order to provide the required attenuation to the reception path. The basis of the above method is: the attenuation requirements of different mobile radio standards are different from each other, so a branch of the transmission path is used in the mobile radio standard with less attenuation demand and the transmission path is used in the mobile radio standard with larger attenuation demand Another branch. You can switch between these two branches to achieve the above purpose. In a preferred embodiment, one branch has a higher attenuation during full-duplex operation and the other branch has a lower attenuation during non-full-duplex operation. The benchmark is that the attenuation required for this transmission path in a non-full-duplex system is smaller than that in a full-duplex system. Therefore, for example, there is a smaller suppression requirement for the bottom-pass filter with a lower attenuation branch, which can be achieved with a much smaller band-pass attenuation. In this regard, the bandpass attenuation can create a benefit to the transmission path in the circuit configuration. The losses that occur (which occur on the path from the amplifier configuration to the antenna configuration) are particularly unfavourable. This 200425649 is due to the high power loss of the amplifier configuration, which will greatly reduce the subsequent accumulation time. This will also cause heat removal problems. It is preferable that the section of the transmission path has a low-pass filter that can be shared by all transmission signals. The advantage is that the transmission signal of the mobile radio standard with less attenuation requirement can only pass through the low-pass filter, and The transmission signal of the mobile radio standard with large attenuation requirements passes through another filter element, which can meet various attenuation requirements after being combined with the common low-pass filter. The two branches of the transmission path section must be adjusted according to each requirement.
衰減需求較高之該分支可具有一種頻帶截止器，其是與 該共用之低通濾波器相組合，即，各發送信號首先經由該 共用之低通濾波器且然後經由該頻帶截止器。使用該頻帶 截止器特別是具有以下之優點：該放大器配置之雜訊信號 可衰減至一適當之値。該頻帶截止器較佳是可調整的。以 此種方式可對該發送路徑之具有較高衰減之該分支之濾波 特性依據不同之行動無線電標準來調整。The branch with a higher attenuation requirement may have a band cutoff which is combined with the shared low-pass filter, i.e. each transmitted signal first passes through the shared low-pass filter and then passes through the band cut-off. The use of this band cut-off has the following advantages in particular: the noise signal of the amplifier configuration can be attenuated to an appropriate level. The band cutoff is preferably adjustable. In this way, the filtering characteristics of the branch of the transmission path with higher attenuation can be adjusted according to different mobile radio standards.
除了該頻帶截止器之外，衰減較高之該分支亦可具有一 種帶通濾波器，其較佳是可調整的。 在另一種形式中，該發送路徑之區段具有一種全部之發 送信號都可共用之第一帶通濾波器且衰该較高之該分支具 有第二帶通濾波器。在此種情況下該共用之第一帶通濾波 器可使用一種濾波器，其所具有之衰減値小於全雙工操作 時對該接收路徑隔離時所需者。衰減較高之分支中第二帶 通濾波器用來滿足例如全雙工系統所需之衰減需求。二個 帶通濾波器較佳是可調整以適應於各種不同之行動無線電 200425649 標準。 在另一較佳之實施形式中，該發送路徑之區段具有一種 全部之發送信號都可共用之低通濾波器且衰減較高之該分 支具有第二高通濾波器。該二種濾波器較佳是可調整的且 其功能對應於前述實施形式之二個串聯之帶通濾波器。 該發送路徑之二個分支之間切換時所用之開關可位於該 共用之導線之外部，該導線位於發送-和接收路徑之間之連 接點和該天線配置之間。 在此種情況下，全部之發送信號經由至少二個開關且承 受各開關所屬之插入損耗而與所使用之該發送路徑之分支 無關。在此種電路配置中存在著該接收路徑所需之最佳 化，此乃因各接收信號不必經由該開關。 另一方式是各開關之一亦可位於該共用之導線中。這樣 可使該衰減較小之路徑在電路技術上由已設置之雙工器中 分離，使由於該配置而在該發送路徑之衰減較小之分搔和 該接收路徑之間存在一種巨大之隔離作用。這樣所具有之 優點是：可能之接收濾波器就其對發送路徑之發送信號之 _減而言可受到一種較小之衰減需求。 本發明之其它優點是：該通信終端機（其是一種行動式通 信終端機或一種基地台）就可使用之行動無線電標準而言是 可變的。可製備一種適應性前端，其在實際之邊界（其由該 德波器之頻率特性所決定）內可支持多種頻帶和標準。此種 則端就實現該計劃” Worl d Phone” 和 “S oft ware Defined & a d i 〇 ”而言特別有利。 200425649 【實施方式】 本發明之實施例以下將依據圖式來說明。 第1至6圖中所示之全部之電路配置是共用 收路徑RX之帶通濾波器BP1是與屬於該發送 波器組合成一種雙工器。該接收路徑RX之帶3 是可調整的，以便可接收不同之行動無線電標 頻率之信號。 各電路配置用之全部之實施例之該發送路徑 器配置（未顯示）和天線配置（未顯示）之間，其用 送信號。 在第1圖之電路配置中，該接收路徑RX之 BP1是與該發送路徑TX之頻帶截止濾波器BS1 雙工器。一種共用之導線由該雙工器連接至該 在該共用之導線中設有第一開關S 1。第二開關 送路徑TX中。在各開關Sl，S2之第一狀態中各 由該頻帶截止濾波器BS1，在各開關Sl，S2之 各發送信號直接由第二開關S2發出而到達第-在該路徑上未受到濾波器之衰減。由開關S2在 徑TX之信號運行方向相反之方向中在該發送 置一種低通濾波器TP 1，其由全部之發送信號戶/ 送信號之運行方向在各圖中之整個電路配置 左。 依據第1圖，該發送路徑在開關S1，S2之間 種分支，其中一分支TDD未受到濾波器之衰減 的，其中該接 洛徑TX之濾 I濾波器BP1 準-及其不同 TX位於放大 來接收或發 帶通濾波器 組合成一種 天線配置。 S2位於該發 發送信號經 第二狀態中 -開關S1且 與該發送路 各徑TX中配 f經過。該發 中是由右至 因此形成一 ，另一分支 -10- 200425649 FDD受到濾波器之衰減，其由頻帶截止濾波器bsi所決定 具有較高衰減之該分支FDD可用於FDD-系統之全雙工之 作中，衰減較低之該分支TDD適用於非全雙工之系統， 乃因該發送信號之諧波所需之衰減是由該共用之低通濾 器TP1所提供。該頻帶截止濾波器BS1首先用來在該接 路徑RX之接收頻帶中使該放大器裝置之雜訊受到抑制。 第2圖之電路配置之實施形式不同於第1圖之處是：設 一種低通濾波器TP2以取代該低通濾波器TP1，其在第 圖之衰減較低之該分支TDD中配置在二個開關S3，S4 間。又，第1圖之頻帶截止濾波器BS1在第2圖中由帶 濾波器BP2所取代，其可調整且可支配一種全雙工操作 所需之衰減特性。 開關S3，S4承擔第1圖之電路配置中該開關S1，S2之 第3至6圖之共通處是：藉助於各開關S5，S6，...，S 12 助來對該發送路徑TX進行分支，各開關只配置在該發送 徑TX中。 第3，4圖中各低通濾波器TP3, TP4分別形成一種具有 通濾波器BP1之雙工器，其所具有之功能是與第1圖之 路配置中者相同。各低通濾波器TP3，TP4係用於非全雙 之操作中且可支配該通信終端機之發送信號之諧波所需 衰減。在各開關S5，S6或S7，S8之第一狀態中，各發送 號經由一種可調整之濾波器，其在第3圖中是以帶通濾 器BP3構成且在第4圖中是以帶通濾波器BP2構成。在 操 此 波 收 有 2 之 通 時 功 之 路 帶 電 工 之 信 波 各 -11- 200425649 開關S5, S6或S7, S8之第二狀態中，各發送信號在第3，4 圖之電路配置中未經由任何濾波器，衰減較低之該分支TDD 因此可用於該發送路徑TX中。 第3，4圖之電路配置相對於第1，2圖之電路配置而言在 該接收信號之衰減上是較有利的，此乃因各接收信號未經 由任何開關且因此未受到相關之插入損耗。 第4圖之電路配置之頻帶截止濾波器BS2就其功能而言 設定成與第1圖之頻帶截止濾波器BS1相同。 第2, 3圖之電路配置（其中衰減較高之路徑具有帶通濾波 器BP2，BP3)之優點是：可經由接收路徑RX來接收信號， 當其頻率低於所使用之行動無線電標準之發送頻率時。可 在較低之頻率範圍中被接收之行動無線電標準例如可爲 DAB，DVB，FM。例如，就低頻之接收頻帶和高頻之發送頻 帶之組合而言，其可爲UMTS TX/GSM9 00 RX，GSM 1800 TX /GSP RX，GSM 1 900 TX /GPS RX，DECT TX /GPS RX，DECT TX / Bluetooth或DECT TX / WLAN。這些優點亦適用於第 5，6圖之電路配置中，其將描述於下。 第5圖中該接收路徑RX之帶通濾波器BP1是與該發送路 徑之帶通濾波器BP4形成一種雙工器，其由全部之信號所 經過。開關S9，S 10使該發送路徑TX形成一種分支。衰減 較高之該分支FDD具有一種可調整之帶通濾波器BP5，其 在與該雙工器之帶通濾波器BP4相組合時可提供該全雙工 操作時所需之衰減特性。在各開關S 9，S 1 0之第一狀態中， 衰減較高之該分支FDD用於各發送信號中。在各開關處於 -12- 200425649In addition to the band cut-off, the branch with higher attenuation may also have a band-pass filter, which is preferably adjustable. In another form, the section of the transmission path has a first band-pass filter that can be shared by all transmission signals and the branch with a higher attenuation has a second band-pass filter. In this case, the shared first band-pass filter may use a filter having an attenuation 値 less than that required to isolate the receiving path during full-duplex operation. The second band-pass filter in the higher attenuation branch is used to meet the attenuation requirements required by, for example, a full-duplex system. The two band-pass filters are preferably adjustable to suit various mobile radio standards 200425649. In another preferred embodiment, the section of the transmission path has a low-pass filter that can be shared by all transmission signals, and the branch with higher attenuation has a second high-pass filter. The two filters are preferably adjustable and their functions correspond to the two series-connected band-pass filters of the aforementioned embodiment. The switch used to switch between the two branches of the transmission path may be located outside the common wire, which is located between the connection point between the transmit-receive path and the antenna configuration. In this case, all transmission signals pass through at least two switches and bear the insertion loss to which each switch belongs, regardless of the branch of the transmission path used. In this circuit configuration, there is an optimization required for the reception path because each reception signal does not have to pass through the switch. Alternatively, one of the switches may be located in the common wire. In this way, the path with less attenuation can be separated by the duplexer in the circuit technology, so that there is a huge isolation between the point with less attenuation of the transmission path and the reception path due to the configuration. effect. This has the advantage that a possible receive filter can be subjected to a smaller attenuation requirement in terms of its subtraction to the transmit signal of the transmit path. Another advantage of the invention is that the communication terminal (which is a mobile communication terminal or a base station) is variable in terms of the mobile radio standard that can be used. An adaptive front end can be prepared that can support multiple frequency bands and standards within practical boundaries, which is determined by the frequency characteristics of the de-wave device. Such an end is particularly advantageous in terms of realizing the plan "Worl d Phone" and "S oftware Defined & a di i 〇". 200425649 [Embodiment] An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. All the circuit configurations shown in Figs. 1 to 6 are common to the band-pass filter BP1 of the receiving path RX, and are combined with the transmitter to form a duplexer. Band 3 of the receiving path RX is adjustable so that signals of different mobile radio frequencies can be received. In all embodiments of the circuit configuration, a signal is transmitted between the transmission path device configuration (not shown) and the antenna configuration (not shown). In the circuit configuration of Fig. 1, BP1 of the reception path RX is a duplexer with the band cut filter BS1 of the transmission path TX. A common wire is connected to the duplexer by a first switch S1 provided in the common wire. The second switch is sent in the path TX. In the first state of each of the switches S1 and S2, each of the switches S1 and S2 is cut off by the frequency band cut filter BS1, and each of the transmission signals of each of the switches S1 and S2 is directly sent by the second switch S2 to reach the first place which is not subjected to the filter on the path. attenuation. A low-pass filter TP 1 is set at the transmission by the switch S2 in the direction opposite to the signal running direction of the TX, and the whole circuit configuration of each figure is shown in the figure. According to Figure 1, the transmission path is branched between switches S1 and S2. One of the branches of the TDD is not attenuated by the filter, and the filter I filter BP1 of the connection path TX is quasi-and its different TX is located at the amplification To receive or send band-pass filters into an antenna configuration. S2 is in the second state in which the transmission signal passes through-switch S1 and passes through the transmission path TX in the transmission path TX. The center is formed from the right to the other, and the other branch is -10- 200425649. The FDD is attenuated by the filter. The FDD determined by the band-cut filter bsi has a higher attenuation. In the work, the branch TDD with lower attenuation is suitable for non-full-duplex systems, because the attenuation required for the harmonics of the transmitted signal is provided by the shared low-pass filter TP1. The band-cut filter BS1 is first used to suppress noise of the amplifier device in the receiving band of the path RX. The implementation form of the circuit configuration in FIG. 2 is different from that in FIG. 1 in that a low-pass filter TP2 is set in place of the low-pass filter TP1, which is configured in the branch TDD with lower attenuation in FIG. Between switches S3 and S4. In addition, the band cut filter BS1 in Fig. 1 is replaced by the band filter BP2 in Fig. 2, which can adjust and dominate the attenuation characteristics required for full-duplex operation. The switches S3, S4 assume the common points of the switches S1, S2 in the circuit configuration of Fig. 1 from Figs. 3 to 6: with the help of the switches S5, S6, ..., S12, the transmission path TX is performed. Branch, each switch is only arranged in the transmission path TX. Each of the low-pass filters TP3 and TP4 in Figs. 3 and 4 forms a duplexer with a pass filter BP1, which has the same functions as those in the circuit configuration of Fig. 1. Each of the low-pass filters TP3 and TP4 is used in non-duplex operation and can control the required attenuation of the harmonics transmitted by the communication terminal. In the first state of each switch S5, S6 or S7, S8, each transmission number passes through an adjustable filter, which is composed of a band-pass filter BP3 in FIG. 3 and a band-pass in FIG. 4 The filter BP2 is configured. In the second state of the switch with S5, S6 or S7, S8, each sending signal is in the circuit configuration of Figures 3 and 4 Without any filter, the branch TDD with lower attenuation can therefore be used in the transmission path TX. The circuit configuration of Figs. 3 and 4 is more favorable than the circuit configuration of Figs. 1 and 2 in the attenuation of the received signal. This is because each received signal has not been switched by any switch and therefore has not been subjected to the relevant insertion loss. . The band cut filter BS2 of the circuit configuration of Fig. 4 is set to be the same as the band cut filter BS1 of Fig. 1 in terms of function. The circuit configuration of Figures 2 and 3 (where the path with higher attenuation has bandpass filters BP2, BP3) has the advantage that it can receive signals through the receiving path RX, when its frequency is lower than the transmission of the mobile radio standard used Frequency. Mobile radio standards that can be received in the lower frequency range may be DAB, DVB, FM, for example. For example, in terms of a combination of a low frequency receiving frequency band and a high frequency transmitting frequency band, it may be UMTS TX / GSM9 00 RX, GSM 1800 TX / GSP RX, GSM 1 900 TX / GPS RX, DECT TX / GPS RX, DECT TX / Bluetooth or DECT TX / WLAN. These advantages also apply to the circuit configuration of Figs. 5 and 6, which will be described below. The band-pass filter BP1 of the receiving path RX in FIG. 5 forms a duplexer with the band-pass filter BP4 of the transmitting path, which passes through all signals. The switches S9, S10 form a branch of the transmission path TX. The branch FDD with higher attenuation has an adjustable band-pass filter BP5 which, when combined with the duplexer's band-pass filter BP4, can provide the attenuation characteristics required for the full-duplex operation. In the first state of each switch S 9, S 10, the branch FDD having a higher attenuation is used in each transmission signal. On each switch at -12- 200425649
第二狀態時，在各開關S 9，S 1 0之間之路徑上之各發送信號 未經由濾、波器，這樣所形成之分支因此具有較低之衰減， 其適用於非全雙工之操作中。因此須考慮：在衰減較高之 該分支FDD上之各開關S9，S10之間該帶通濾波器ΒΡ5須與 該雙工器之帶通濾波器BP4(其提供全雙工操作時所需之衰 減）相組合。該全雙工器之帶通濾波器BP4可由其衰減値中 選取較一種帶通濾波器（其只造成一種適用於全雙工操作時 之衰減）還低者。因此，在非全雙工操作時會使插入損耗減 小。 在第6圖之電路配置中，全雙工器由該接收路徑之帶通In the second state, each transmission signal on the path between the switches S 9 and S 1 0 is not filtered or waved. The branch formed in this way has lower attenuation, which is suitable for non-full duplex. In operation. Therefore, it must be considered that the bandpass filter BP5 between the switches S9 and S10 on the branch FDD with higher attenuation must be connected to the duplexer's bandpass filter BP4 (which is required for full-duplex operation). Attenuation). The full-duplexer's band-pass filter BP4 can be selected from its attenuation, which is lower than a band-pass filter (which only results in a kind of attenuation suitable for full-duplex operation). Therefore, insertion loss is reduced during non-full-duplex operation. In the circuit configuration of Figure 6, the full duplexer is passed by the band of the receiving path
濾波器BP1和低通濾波器TP5所形成，其由該發送路徑TX 之全部之信號所經過。各開關S 1 1，S 1 2對應於於5圖之各開 關S9，S10。第5圖之衰減較高之該分支之帶通濾波器在第6 圖中由高通濾波器HP1所取代。該高通濾波器HP1和該雙 工器之低通濾波器TP5可確保該全雙工操作時所需之衰 減，該低通濾波器TP5則只在非全雙工操作時提供各諧波 所需之衰減。在各開關S11，S 12之間之切換是與前述之電路 配置中相同之方式來進行。 就開關S1至S12而言，可以有利之方式使用MEMS-開 關，其很底之插入損耗（0.1至〇.2dB之範圍中）特別適用於 本發明中。相對於習知之電路配置就非全雙工-發送模式而 言，可在與插入損耗有關之有效功率上獲得巨大之增益。 由於所使用之開關S 1至s 1 2，則須考慮全雙工-模式所需之 有效功率之損耗，但其可藉由上述開關之使用而保持很 -13- 200425649 小。就此而言本發明允許製備一種通信終端機之多種模式 操作用之前端。一種分別切換該發送路徑τχ之分支所需之 決定過程不只與”是否應驅動非全雙工-發送路徑或全雙工_ 發送路徑”有關，反之，通常亦應使用一種多鏈路·模式，其 中先決條件是同時接收和發送各種不同之行動無線電系統 或-標準。 【圖式簡單說明】 第1，2圖發送路徑已分支之通信終端機在多種模式操作 時所用之電路配置，其中第一開關配置在該發 送路徑中且第二開關配置在一共用之發送-收路 徑中。 第3至6圖 通信終端機在多種模式操作時所用之電路配 置，其中發送路徑已分支且該發送路徑中設 有第一-和第二開關。 主要元件之符號表： BP1〜BP5 帶通瀘波器 BS1, BS2 頻帶截止濾波器 S 1〜S 1 2 開關The filter BP1 and the low-pass filter TP5 are formed by all signals of the transmission path TX. The switches S 1 1 and S 1 2 correspond to the switches S9 and S10 in FIG. 5. The bandpass filter of the branch with higher attenuation in FIG. 5 is replaced by the high-pass filter HP1 in FIG. 6. The high-pass filter HP1 and the low-pass filter TP5 of the duplexer can ensure the attenuation required in the full-duplex operation, and the low-pass filter TP5 provides only the harmonics required in the non-full-duplex operation. Of attenuation. Switching between the switches S11, S12 is performed in the same manner as in the aforementioned circuit configuration. As far as the switches S1 to S12 are concerned, the MEMS-switch can be used in an advantageous manner, and its very low insertion loss (in the range of 0.1 to 0.2 dB) is particularly suitable for the present invention. Compared with the conventional circuit configuration, in the case of the non-full-duplex-transmit mode, a huge gain can be obtained in the effective power related to the insertion loss. Since the switches S 1 to s 1 2 are used, it is necessary to consider the effective power loss required for full-duplex mode, but it can be kept very small by the use of the above switches. In this regard, the present invention allows the preparation of a plurality of modes of operation of a communication terminal using a front end. A decision process required to switch the branches of the transmission path τχ separately is not only related to "whether a non-full-duplex-transmission path or a full-duplex_transmission path should be driven". Conversely, a multilink mode should also be used. The prerequisite is the simultaneous reception and transmission of different mobile radio systems or standards. [Brief description of the drawings] Figures 1 and 2 are circuit configurations used by communication terminals with branched transmission paths when operating in multiple modes, in which the first switch is arranged in the transmission path and the second switch is arranged in a common transmission- In the path. Figures 3 to 6 Circuit configurations used when the communication terminal operates in various modes, in which the transmission path is branched and the transmission path is provided with first- and second switches. Symbols of the main components: BP1 ~ BP5 Bandpass filter BS1, BS2 Band cut-off filter S 1 ~ S 1 2 Switch
RX TX TP1〜TP5 FDD， TDD HP1RX TX TP1 ~ TP5 FDD, TDD HP1
接收路徑 發送路徑 低通濾波器 分支 高通濾波器 -14 -Receive path Transmit path Low-pass filter Branch High-pass filter -14-