TW200401860A - Flared energy absorbing system and method - Google Patents

Abstract

An energy absorbing system with one or more energy absorbing assemblies is provided to reduce or eliminate the severity of a collision between a moving motor vehicle and a roadside hazard. The energy absorbing system may be installed adjacent to a gore area and other relatively wide roadside hazards. One end of the system facing oncoming traffic is relatively narrow. The width at an opposite end of the system may be varied to accommodate relatively wide or large roadside hazards. A sled assembly may be provided with a cutter plate such that a collision by the motor vehicle with the sled assembly will result in the cutter plate tearing or ripping the energy absorbing element to dissipate energy from the motor vehicle collision.

Description

200401860 发明 Description of the invention (The description of the invention should state: the technical field, prior art, content, embodiments, and drawings of the invention are briefly explained.) [J ^ fx -ϋ.] Field of the invention The present invention generally relates to energy absorption systems, and more In particular, regarding an energy absorption system for reducing the severity of a collision between a mobile motorized vehicle and a dangerous object located near a road. PRIOR ART 3 BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Various impact attenuation devices and energy absorption systems have been used to prevent or reduce damage caused by collisions between moving motorized vehicles and fixed roadside hazards or obstacles. Examples of previous shock-attenuating devices and energy absorption systems include impact buffers or impact barriers with various structures and containers with crushable elements. Other impact barriers use inertial forces generated by materials such as sand during acceleration to absorb energy. 15 The above-mentioned devices and systems for stabbing have been developed to be used on narrow curbs of dangerous objects or obstacles, such as end points of intermediate barriers, end points of barriers extending along road edges, large signposts near roads, and bridge pier or center pillar . The purpose of these impact attenuation devices and energy absorption systems is to minimize the degree of personal injury and damage to any structure or equipment of the impact vehicle associated with roadside dangerous objects. An example of a general-purpose shock-attenuation device is shown in the US Patent No. 5,010,326, entitled `` Narrow Static Impact Attenuation System, '' and the name is `` Shear Action and Compression Energy Absorber, '' in the United States. The seven cases of the patent are called the quiet and sad shock attenuation system, US Patent No. 4,645,375; 200401860, the invention description and the name is "Road Impact Attenuator," US Patent No. 3,944,187. Examples of specific static energy absorption systems are shown in U.S. Patent No. 4,928,928 entitled "Guardrail Extruder Terminal," and U.S. Patent No. 5,078,366 entitled "Guardrail Extruder Terminal." 5 An example of an energy absorbing system suitable for use with an impact mitigation device on a slowly moving or stopped highway duty vehicle is shown in the US Patent No. 5,248,129 titled "Energy Absorption Roadside Impact Barrier," US Patent No. 5,199,755 for Vehicle Impact Attenuation Device; US Patent No. 4,711,481 for Vehicle Impact Attenuation Device; US Patent Case for "10 Impact Barriers for Vehicle" No. 4,008,915. The recommended procedure for evaluating the effectiveness of various types of road safety devices, including impact buffers, is provided in the National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Report 3 50]. An impact buffer is generally defined as a device designed to safely stop an impact vehicle over a short distance. NCHRP Report 350 further classifies impact buffers as "redirective," or "nonredirective." Redirected impact buffers are designed to contain and re-guide a collision drive. The impact bumper coming from the nose or end of the vehicle impacts downstream from the roadside dangerous object. Non-redirectable impact bumper is designed to contain and catch a downstream impact from the nose of the impact buffer Redirected impact buffers are further classified into "gating" and "nonSating" devices. The gated impact buffers are designed to allow the vehicle to The control method penetrates between the nose of the impact buffer and the required length (L0N) of the impact buffer. The starting point is 200401860 发明, the description of the invention. The non-brake impact buffer is designed to have redirection ability over its entire length. Summary of the Invention 5 According to the principle of the present invention, the related disadvantages and problems of the previous energy absorption system and shock attenuation device can be significantly reduced or eliminated. Includes an energy absorption system that can be installed near a wide or large roadside dangerous object to protect people in the vehicle during a collision with the roadside dangerous object. This system can include at least one energy absorption assembly to impact this from one The vehicle at the end of the system 10 opposite the roadside dangerous object dissipates energy. The system can also include plates and related plate support frames to redirect vehicles that produce impacts on either side of the system. Plate support frames and At least a part of the plates can be expanded or divergent to each other to accommodate wide or large roadside dangerous objects. Another aspect of the present invention includes providing an energy absorption system, which can be installed in 15 A plurality of plate supporting frames and plates between a roadside dangerous object and an oncoming vehicle. At least one group or group of plate supporting frames and plates are slidably arranged with each other. At least another group or group of plates The sheet supporting frame and the sheets are firmly arranged with each other. When a vehicle collides with the end facing the approaching vehicle in the energy absorption system of the vehicle, the first group of sheet supporting frames and the sheets can be retracted or collapsed relative to each other. The first group of plate support frames, related plates, and other components of the energy absorption system cooperate with each other to absorb kinetic energy from the impact vehicle and provide deceleration within acceptable limits to minimize injuries to people in the vehicle. Plate support frames The plate and the plate also cooperate with each other and with other components of the energy absorption system to produce a 200401860 冲击 impact on one side with the energy absorption system. After the description of the invention, the vehicle is guided to leave the dangerous material on the roadside and return to the road. Technical advantages include providing an energy absorbing system that takes up less volume, which has a variable width to accommodate larger and wider roadside dangerous objects and gore areas. The energy absorbing system using the principles of the present invention can be 5 With symmetrical or asymmetrical installation configuration. This energy absorption system can be manufactured at lower cost using traditional materials and procedures familiar to the highway safety industry. The resulting system combines highly predictable and reliable innovative structural and energy absorption technologies. The plate support frame and the plate can be installed in a position for accommodating the relevant roadside dangerous object or the width of the temporary work area. 10 According to another aspect of the present invention, an impact buffer may be provided with a plurality of energy absorbing elements, one of a first group of panels and a second group of panels disposed near a roadside dangerous object facing an approaching vehicle. sheet. The spacing or angle between the first set of plates and the second set of plates can be changed according to the width of the relevant roadside hazard without reducing the capacity of the energy absorption system. The energy absorbing elements cooperate with each other to change the magnitude of the deceleration applied to the vehicle that produces an impact on the side opposite to the roadside dangerous object in the impact buffer. For example, the impact buffer may include a first softer portion for absorbing impact from light and small vehicles, a middle portion with increased softness, and a third or third portion having the highest softness to absorb impact from heavy and high speed vehicles The last part. 20 Other technical advantages of the present invention may include the provision of lower cost impact buffers and safety systems that meet the criteria for NCHRP report 350 including Test Level 3 Requirements, and may be installed in, for example, Feet, eight feet, or any other required width near curbs. A shock absorber with an energy absorbing assembly adopting the principle of the present invention 200401860. Description of the invention The impact buffer can be satisfactorily used in severe weather conditions and is not sensitive to cold or moisture. This energy absorption system can be easily installed, operated, inspected and maintained. This system can be installed on new or existing asphalt or concrete roads. The impact attenuation device and a basic energy absorption system need not be assembled on site. Easy-to-replace components allow quick and low-cost repairs after small and side impacts. Without the use of a material that is easily crushed or bent, it will further minimize the impact of small impacts and / or side impacts on any damage caused by the impact buffer. 10 An energy absorption system adopting the principle of the present invention is formed by at least one group of plate support frames and plates that are slidably arranged relative to each other and another group of plate support frames and plates that are generally slidable relative to each other. These plate support frames and plates can be used to absorb energy satisfactorily from a wide range of different carriers that collide with the energy absorption system from a variety of different angles including side impact and "reverse angle, side impact." 15 The present invention The technical benefits include an energy absorption system that can be used with permanent roadside hazards or can be easily moved from one temporary location (first work area) to another temporary location (second work area). The alternative system includes an impact buffer that can minimize the impact of a collision between the vehicle and a roadside dangerous object. The impact buffer can include an energy absorption extending from the first end of the impact buffer in the first direction. A plurality of plates are disposed on the first side that summarizes the energy absorbing assembly extending in the first direction. The plates are preferably resistant to the impact from the carrier and the first side. The plates > Generally speaking, the first section is arranged in the first direction with respect to the first direction. The first section of the plate can extend from the first 20 200401860 of the impact buffer, and the invention description end extends to a position along the first side. The sheet may have a second segment extending from that position in a second orientation relative to the first direction. The second segment of the sheet preferably intersects the first segment of the sheet at an angle. 5 10 15 20 Partial application In one part of the first segment of the plate may have a first divergence from a first direction, and at least part of the second segment of the plate may have a second divergence from a first direction. The divergence may not be equal to the second divergence. Also, the second segment of the plate may include a movable sub-segment, which is summarized to move in the first direction when the energy absorption assembly moves in the first direction The second section of the plate may also include a fixed sub-section, in which the movable sub-section is arranged closer to the first end of the impact buffer than the fixed sub-section. A plurality of plates may also be set at the energy On the second side opposite to the first side extending substantially in the first direction in the absorption assembly. The second side of the plate can be arranged asymmetrically with respect to the first side of the plate. May include an energy absorption system for limiting or mitigating loads and the consequences of collisions with roadside dangerous objects This system may include an energy absorption assembly extending in the first direction from the first end of the system. The energy absorption system may have a first side on the -side of the energy absorption assembly and-another on the energy absorption assembly The second side on the side. Each of the first side and the second side may have a separate plate for resisting the impact of the vehicle to the first side or the second side. When the vehicle impacts the first end of the system ' The first and second sides can be summarized to move in the-direction. At least a part of the-side can be depleted from the second side so that the retreated portion of the-side can have independently of the second side. Orientation relative to the first direction. This edge absorption system may include a plate 10 200401860 which is coupled to the first and second sides, a plate support frame described in the invention. At least one plate support frame may be coupled to The first side was injured and separated from the other plate support frame that was joined to the second side. At least one plate support frame coupled to the first side can support or lean on a concrete pavement 'and a related road or ground adjacent to the energy absorption system. The panel < support frame and panel which are in contact with the part of the first side can be coupled to one or more external load anchoring portions to resist the impact of the vehicle on the first side. Another aspect of the invention includes an impact buffer that is operable to minimize the consequences of a collision between the vehicle and a roadside dangerous object. The impact buffer member 10 may have an energy absorbing assembly and a plate support frame extending from the first end of the impact buffer member in a first direction. When the carrier hits the first end, the energy absorption assembly can also move in the first direction. The 4S support frame can be moved in the first direction to attach the panel to the panel support frame that extends in the first direction. When the plate extends from the first end, the plate may diverge from the first direction. A 15 疋 sheet can be provided with an attachment path. A cable can extend through at least one channel along a selected panel. The cable can be anchored at a position facing the first end of the impact buffer and also at a position remote from the first end of the impact buffer. The cable can also be lightly closed to the panel support frame. The energy absorbing assembly may include a movable slide pattern disposed on the first end of the impact buffer. The windings pinned to a position facing the first 20 end can be seeded to slip rubber. The technical benefit of the present invention includes an impact buffer that is operable to minimize the consequences of a collision between the vehicle and a roadside dangerous object. The impact buffer may include an energy absorbing assembly extending in a first direction from the first end of the impact buffer. When the vehicle impacts the first end, the energy absorbing assembly can move in the first direction. The plurality of plate support frames are movable in a first direction. Multiple plates can be attached to the plate support frame. When the plate extends from the first end, the plate can diverge from the first direction. The plate support frame and the plate system may be slidably coupled to the anchoring portion to resist rotation when the carrier impacts the plate. The five plate support frames may be slidably coupled to the anchoring portion, wherein at least one plate support frame is supported on the mass absorption assembly and can be coupled to an externally-loaded tin-fixing portion. The sheet support frame may be slidably coupled to the anchoring portion, wherein at least one sheet supporting frame is supported on the ground and may be coupled to an externally-loaded anchoring portion. It is possible to use a hook located in a passage to slidably couple the plate support frame 10 to the anchor. The pathway may be oriented in a first direction. Hooks may be coupled to one or the other of the respective panel support frames. Brief description of the drawings can refer to the drawings and the following description for a more complete understanding of the present invention, wherein similar numbers represent similar characteristics, in the figure: 15 Figure 1 shows the energy absorption of a dangerous object installed near a roadside The schematic diagram of the system; The schematic diagram of FIG. 2 is a plan view showing the energy absorption system of FIG. 1 and the roadside dangerous object with a specific part cut; the schematic diagram of FIG. 3 shows an energy absorption assembly and a knife board. An isometric view of a specific portion, where the energy absorption assembly has a plurality of energy absorption elements and supporting beams using the principles of the present invention; the schematic diagram of FIG. 4 shows the specific along the line 4-4 of FIG. Partial cut-away cross-sectional view, which shows the box-beam-type cross section of the energy absorption assembly; The schematic diagram in Figure 5 shows the energy absorption assembly in Figure 3 with its specific portion 12 200401860 玖, an isometric view of the invention description, The state is that after the energy absorbing element has been cut or torn while absorbing energy from the impact of the carrier, Fig. 6 shows an energy absorbing assembly using another embodiment of the present invention. A schematic cross-sectional view of a specific part thereof; 5 The exploded view of FIG. 7 is an isometric view of a specific part of another embodiment, in which the energy absorption assembly includes a length along the relevant energy absorption assembly Increasingly thicker energy absorbing element to stop an impacted car using the increasing deceleration or braking force applied to the impact A car; The endurance map of the 8th Q shows an energy absorbing element to place a specific part of it. The cut isometric drawing has a plurality of cutouts to minimize the damage to the light weight motor vehicle during the period of impact with an energy absorbing assembly; the tolerance map of Figure 9A shows the danger of installation on the roadside A plan view of a specific part of another energy absorbing system using the principle of the present invention cut away from a certain object; 15 The schematic diagram of FIG. 9B shows that a motorized vehicle has collided or impacted with the energy absorbing system of FIG. 9A. A plan view in which a specific part thereof is cut out; The schematic diagram of C 0 is a plan view showing another energy absorption system installed near a side of a roadside dangerous object using the principle of the present invention; ° The more detailed diagram of Fig. 10 is a front view of the energy absorption system of Fig. 9A and 9B with its specific part cut away. The unintentional diagram of Fig. 11 shows the road in the energy absorption system of Fig. 10 An isometric view of a skid assembly and other components with their specific parts cut off at the opposite end of the side dangerous object; 13 200401860 860, description of the invention The intention of FIG. 12 is not to show the energy absorption system of FIG. 10 An isometric view of the relevant slide sample assembly with its specific part cut away; the schematic diagram of FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view showing the specific part of the skid assembly of FIG. 21 with its opposite end cut away; 5 The schematic diagram of FIG. 14 is an exploded isometric view showing a specific part of the skid assembly, blade plate and slope assembly related to the energy absorption system of FIG. 10; the schematic diagram of FIG. 10-angled view of a specific part of the overlapping plate arranged along one side of the energy absorption system in FIG. 10; the schematic diagram in FIG. 16 shows one of the plate support frames related to the energy absorption system in FIG. 10 And attached plates An isometric view of a specific portion cut; the schematic diagram of FIG. 17A shows a first upstream plate and a second downstream plate in a slidable configuration relative to each other in accordance with the principles of the present invention. Cutaway sectional view; The schematic diagram of FIG. 17B shows an isometric view that can be used to slidably attach a slot plate and a plate support frame using the principles of the present invention; The schematic diagram is an exploded plan view showing a specific part of a blade and an energy absorbing 20 element that can be satisfactorily used together with an energy absorbing system adopting the principles of the present invention. The schematic diagram of FIG. A plan view of a specific part of an energy absorption system using the principle of the present invention cut away from a number of roadside dangerous objects; 14 200401860 玖. Description of the invention The schematic diagram of FIG. 19B shows the energy absorption system of FIG. 19A to specify it An enlarged plan view of a partial cut; the schematic diagram of FIG. 19C shows a curved plate that can be used to attach a side panel to the energy absorbing system of FIG. 19A and cut a specific portion thereof. Angle 5; The schematic diagram of FIG. 20 shows a side view of the energy absorption system of FIG. 9A cut in a front view in a front view; the schematic diagram of FIG. 21 shows the specific along the line 21_21 of FIG. 19A Partial cut-away cross-sectional view; 10 The enlarged schematic diagram of FIG. 22 is a side view of an example of an external load-bearing anchoring assembly in which a specific part is cut out. The schematic diagram of FIG. 23 is a front view. An example is shown in which a specific portion is cut along the line 23-23 of FIG. 19 and an example of a wing extension substrate, supporting column and pull bar is shown in the drawing. 15 The schematic diagram of FIG. A plan view of one of the symmetrical configurations of the energy absorption system; the schematic diagram of FIG. 25 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 25_25 of FIG. 24; and the intent of FIG. 26 is shown to be relative to each other during the impact of a vehicle. A plan view of a turning portion between this sliding plate and a plate that cannot slide relative to each other; the schematic diagram of FIG. 27 is a front view showing a specific part thereof cut along the line 27_27 of FIG. 26; 28A The schematic diagram of the figure shows an energy absorption according to one of the principles of the present invention. 15 200401860 玖, a plan view of a particular side of the invention's side of the system that cuts a specific part of it; Figure 2 8B shows the schematic diagram of Figure 2 8 A front view of a part of a marathon line and a related surface cut in FIG. A; a schematic view in FIG. 29 shows a coupling portion of a slidable plate 5 and a non-sliding plate. A front view of an example; FIG. 30 is not intended to show a plan view in which a specific part of another energy absorption system having a generally asymmetric configuration is cut using the principle of the present invention; the schematic view in FIG. 31 is a view showing the adoption of the present invention Principle A cross-sectional view of an example of a split plate 10-piece support frame and an outboard anchoring assembly with a specific portion cut away. Implementation Mode C] Detailed description of the preferred embodiments Refer to Figures 1 to 31 to understand the present invention and its advantages. Similar or corresponding elements in the figures use similar numbers. The energy absorbing systems 120, 120a &42; employing the principles of the present invention are sometimes referred to as impact buffers, impact barriers or roadside protection systems. Energy absorption systems 120, 120b, and 420 can be used to minimize the impact of collisions between motorized vehicles (not clearly shown) and various types of roadside dangerous objects. Energy absorbing systems 120, 20 120 & and 420 and other energy absorbing systems employing the principles of the present invention can be used in permanent installations and temporary work area applications. Energy absorption systems 120, 120a, and 420, and other energy absorption systems employing the principles of the present invention, meet or exceed the NCHRP Report 350 and include test level 3 specifications. The names "longitudinal", "longitudinal ground" and "linear" are used to describe the use of 16 200401860 玖, the description of the invention, the use of one of the principles of the present invention, the components of the energy absorption system on adjacent roads (not obvious (Pictured) The direction of travel is approximately the orientation and / or movement in one of the parallel directions. "Sideways," and "sideways," and other names are used to describe the components of an energy absorption system that uses one of the principles of the present invention. Orientation and / or movement in one of the directions approximately normal to the direction of movement of five vehicles on adjacent roads. Some components of the energy absorption system 120, 120a, and 420 are relative to the direction of movement of vehicles on adjacent roads It can be arranged at an angle (or expansion). The name "downstream" is used to describe a movement that is generally parallel or the same direction as the movement of a vehicle traveling on an adjacent road. "Upstream, the name is roughly 10 It is used to describe a movement that is approximately parallel but opposite to the movement of a vehicle traveling on an adjacent road. The terms "downstream," and "downstream," etc. may also be used to describe the position of one component relative to another component in an energy absorption system employing the principles of the present invention. The names "separation" and "separation" are used to describe the result of deforming the energy absorbing element using a blade according to one of the principles of the present invention, which results in the failure of the energy absorbing system under tension. The names "separation," and "separation," etc. may also be used to describe the combined effect of tearing and tearing of an energy absorbing element according to one of the principles of the present invention. The names "diagonal" and "triangular" are used to describe the land where the two roads diverge or converge. The triangle is usually surrounded on both sides by the edge of the road that joins the point of divergence or convergence. Traffic is usually on the same side of these roads. Triangular zones often include shoulders or marked pavements, if any, between the roads. The third side or third boundary of the triangle can sometimes be defined as approximately sixty (60) meters from the point of divergence or convergence. 17 200401860 发明 Description of the invention Dangerous materials on the side of the road. The name can be used to describe permanent fixed dangerous materials on the side of the road such as large-scale poles, piers or central pillars of bridges or viaducts. Roadside hazards may also include a temporary work area located near or between two roads. The temporary work area may include various types of equipment 5 and / or vehicles related to road repair or construction. A “roadside dangerous object” may also include a corner area or any other structure located near the road and posing a danger to the approaching vehicle. The various components of an energy absorption system employing the principles of the present invention may be formed from commercially available structural steel materials. Examples of such materials include steel bars, steel plates, structural steel pipes, structural steels, and galvanized steel. The 10 examples of structural section steels are Type 1, 111 >, beam, passage, T-shaped and angle steel. Examples of structural angle steel may include feet with equal or unequal widths. The American Institute of Steel Structures has detailed information about various types of commercially available steel structural materials used in the energy absorbing system employing the principles of the present invention. The roadside dangerous materials 31 and 15 shown in Figures 1, 2, 9A, 9B, 10, and 18 can be a concrete P extending along the edge or side of a road (not shown). The roadside dangerous object 3 10 may also be a concrete barrier extending along a middle portion between two roads. The roadside hazard 31 may be a permanent installation or a temporary installation associated with the work area. Even though the concrete barriers and other obstacles adjacent to the road may be moved or removed from time to time, sometimes roadside hazards 310 may be described as a "fixed, barrier, or" fixed, "barrier. An energy absorbing system using the principles of the present invention is not limited to cooperative use; the rotoglyph early wall is used together. The main components of the energy absorption system 320 as shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3 preferably include one or more energy absorption assemblies 86, one or more blades 1 06 and 18 200401860 发明, description of the invention Assembly 340. The blade 106 may also be referred to as a "teacher," or "blade." In some applications, one end of each energy absorbing assembly 86 may be attached to the curb hazard 310 by a separate pillar. In some applications, the energy absorption assembly ^ can also be fixed to the ground in front of roadside dangerous objects 3H). A plurality of spacers 5 or cross bars 3 14 may be used to hold the energy absorbing assembly 86 so that they are aligned substantially parallel to each other and extend longitudinally from the roadside danger 310 toward the oncoming vehicle (not clearly shown). 10 The skid assembly 340 may be slidably coupled to the end of the energy absorption assembly% opposite to the curbside dangerous substance 310. The impact plate 382 may be disposed on an end point of the skid assembly 340 facing the oncoming vehicle. Preferably, one or more blades 106 (not shown in Figs. 1 and 2) are provided as part of the slider assembly 34. Each of the blade plates 106 is preferably slidably mounted on one end of each energy absorbing assembly 86 opposite to the roadside dangerous object 30m. When a motorized vehicle (not clearly shown) touches or bumps into the impact plate 382, the skid assembly 340 will move longitudinally with respect to the energy absorbing assembly 86 and the curb danger object 310. When the slide assembly 34 moves to the roadside dangerous object 3 10, the kinetic energy of the impacted motorized vehicle can be dissipated by the blade plate 106 used to tear or tear the related energy absorbing element 100. Sometimes it is possible The energy absorbing assembly 86 shown in Figs. 3, 4 and 5 is referred to as a 20 box beam. The energy absorbing assembly 86 preferably includes a pair of support beams 90 arranged longitudinally parallel to each other and spaced apart from each other. The supporting beam 90 has a generally C-shaped or U-shaped cross section. The cross-sections of the supporting beams 90 can be configured to face each other to define a generally rectangular cross-section of the energy absorbing assembly 86. The supporting beams 90 can also be described as passages. The 匚 -shape of each supporting beam 90 Cross section 19 200401860 玖, description of the invention can be partially bounded by the web 92 and the grips or flanges 94 and 96 extending therefrom. A plurality of the grips 94 and 96 which are preferably formed in the two grips can be used The matching hole 98 attaches the energy absorbing element 100 to the energy absorbing assembly 86. Preferably, the fastener 103 can be easily replaced with the energy absorbing element 100 after the motorized vehicle collides with the impact plate 382. It can be used satisfactorily Many different fasteners are used to attach the energy absorbing element 100 and the support beam 90. For the embodiments shown in Figures 3, 4 and 5, a pair of energy absorbing elements 100 may be on one side of the energy absorbing assembly 86 Attached to the grip 94. Another pair of energy absorbing elements 100 may be attached to the grip 96 on the opposite side of the energy absorbing assembly 86. The spacer 104 is preferably disposed in phase with the respective grips 94 and 96 Between adjacent pairs of energy absorbing elements 100. A plurality of fasteners 103 The system extends through the grips 94 and 96 and the holes 98 in the associated energy absorbing element 100. For some applications, the energy absorbing element 100 has a more uniform thickness. In some applications, changes are needed The thickness and / or number of energy absorbing elements extending along the length 15 of an energy absorbing assembly. The energy absorbing element 100 may be formed from various types of metal alloys. In some applications, mild steel may be preferred. The energy absorbing element 10 The number, length, and thickness may vary depending on the intended application of the generated energy absorbing assembly. Increasing the number of energy absorbing elements, increasing their thickness, and / or 20 increasing the length of the energy absorbing element 100 can make the resulting The energy absorbing assembly dissipates a larger amount of kinetic energy. The energy absorbing element 100 can also be referred to as a tear plate or a shear plate. The benefits of the present invention include the ability to change the energy absorbing element 1 depending on the intended application of the energy absorbing assembly produced. 〇〇 geometric configuration and quantity and select the appropriate alloy. 20 200401860 玖, description of the invention For the embodiment shown in Figure 3, the blade 1 The 〇6 series includes a pair of curved cutting edges or tearing edges 107 and 109 arranged on the first end 1〇 丨 of each energy absorbing assembly 86. The cutting edges 107 and 109 can also be described as tearing The thickness of the blade plate 106 and the gap 118 between the support beams 90 can be selected so that the blade plate 106 is fitted and held between the grips 94 and 96 and the adjacent support beam 90. The groove 102 is preferably formed In the end points of the energy absorbing elements 100 adjacent to the respective blade plates 〇06. The cutting edges 107 and 109 are preferably arranged at an acute angle with respect to the energy absorbing element 100. As shown in FIG. In the embodiment, the cutting edges 107 and 109 may be hardened and formed at an angle of about 45 degrees with respect to the 100-shaped 10 of the related energy absorbing element. The configuration of the cutting edges 107 and 109 is preferably selected and includes its orientation relative to the energy absorbing element 100, so that the related energy absorbing element 100 is stretched between the respective grips 94 and 96 of the relevant support beam 90. Will fail under tension. An energy absorbing element 15 100 and other metal components of the energy absorbing system using the principle of the present invention are preferably galvanized to ensure that it maintains the required tensile strength and is not affected by the life of the related energy absorbing system. Affected by environmental conditions that may cause rust or corrosion. The special dimensions of the cutting edges 107 and 109 and their angular relationship with respect to the energy absorbing element 10 () may change depending on the kinetic energy value dissipated by the energy absorbing assembly 86. 20 s When a motorized vehicle collides or contacts the impact plate or impact wall 3 82, the impact or impact force is generally transmitted to the energy absorbing assembly 86 through the blade plate 106. When the skid assembly 340 slides longitudinally toward the roadside dangerous object 31, for example, as shown in FIG. 5, the cutting or tearing effect of the energy absorbing element 100 by the blade plate 106 can be used to move an impact carrier Kinetic energy is dissipated.

21 200401860 发明, description of the invention For lower speed shocks, such as about 5 miles to 18 miles per hour or higher, one or more shorter energy absorbing elements 100 and 5 can be placed next to each other. Blade plate 106. Therefore, after a low-speed impact, only the shorter energy absorbing element 100 needs to be replaced, thereby significantly simplifying the repair and maintenance work of the 5 energy absorbing system 320. As shown in Fig. 2, it is preferable that the energy absorbing assemblies 86 are fixed to each other by a plurality of cross bars 314. The cooperation between the impact wall 382, the cross bars 314, and the energy absorbing assembly 86 results in an energy absorbing system 320 having a relatively rigid frame structure. As a result, the energy absorption system 32 can more securely strike the shock wall 382 from an offset from the center of the shock wall 382 or at a angle not parallel to the energy absorption assembly 86 to strike the shock absorber 382 by a mobile vehicle. Shock. The energy absorption assemblies 186 and 486 shown in Figs. 6 and 7 can be satisfactorily used with any energy absorption system using the principle of the present invention. The 15-energy absorption assembly 186 is similar to the above-mentioned support beam 90 used in the energy absorption assembly 86 and generally includes a pair of support beams or passageways 90. The energy absorbing assembly 186 has only two energy absorbing elements or tear plates 152 arranged on the opposite sides in the figure. The channels 190 are spaced apart from each other to define a cutting area or gap 54 therebetween. The energy absorbing element 152 may be attached to the support beam 190 using various 20-type fasteners including the bolts 103 and the like for the energy absorbing assembly 86 described above. Mechanical fasteners 198 & and 1981) as shown in Figs. 13 and 14 can also be used to attach the energy absorbing element 152 and the support beam 190. Alternatively, other types of fasteners such as Hucky (Hucky tired bolts, rivets, etc.) can be used or the energy absorption element 152 can be attached to the support beam 19 by welding or various adhesives. The energy absorption element ι52 and the support 22 200401860 玖2. Description of the Invention An element to which the supporting beam 190 is attached includes providing a cutting area 154 with an appropriate size between the supporting beams 190 to accommodate the associated blades (not shown). The exploded schematic diagram of Figure 7 Shows energy absorption assembly 486. Part of the difference between energy absorption assembly 86 and energy absorption assembly 486 is the change in length and thickness of the energy absorption element fixed to energy absorption assembly 486 in a replaceable manner. 5 An energy absorbing assembly 486 is formed using the support beam 90 as previously described for the energy absorbing assembly 86. In one application, the support beam or C passage 90 has an overall length of about 11 feet and a web width of about 5 inches. And a flange height of about 2 inches. A plurality of energy absorbing elements or tear plates 402, 404, 406, 408, 410, and 412, and a plurality of spacers 416 and 418 are preferably attached to the C-shape using a screw 10-grain fastener. Pathway 90. In the first In the example shown in Fig. 7, the same number and configuration of energy absorbing elements 402, 404, and 406 having various lengths and thicknesses are fixed on opposite sides of the C passage 90. In one application, the energy absorbing elements 4 2, 404, 406, 15, 408, 410, and 412 are formed of galvanized mild steel. You can choose the number and thickness of energy absorbing elements and the location outside the energy absorbing assembly 486 to provide high speed for various sizes and types of vehicles. And deceleration characteristics required during low speed shocks. The spacers 416 and 418 may be disposed between 20 energy absorbing elements 410 and 412 on both sides of the energy absorbing assembly 486. One technical benefit of the present invention is the ability to change the location The number, size and position of the energy absorbing elements on each side of an energy absorbing assembly provide the required deceleration characteristics. The groove 102 is preferably formed next to the first end of the energy absorbing assembly 486 and is formed in the energy absorbing elements 402 and 404 to receive a related blade. In an application 23 200401860 860, invention description, the groove 102 can be formed along the center line of the energy absorbing elements 402 and 404, one of which is about 1. The 5-inch opening is narrowed to about 0 over a length of about 6 inches. 5 "wide radius. In some applications, shorter mechanical fasteners 422 may be used to fix the energy absorbing elements 402 and 404 and the respective support beams 90 interchangeably. And, compared with other types of energy absorbing elements attached to and constituting part of the energy absorbing assembly 486, the lengths of the energy absorbing elements 402 and 404 are shorter. With shorter mechanical fasteners 422 and shorter energy absorbing elements 402 and 404, the energy absorbing assembly 486 and 10 can be quickly repaired and restored to function after a small impact. The mechanical fastener 424 preferably extends from one side of the energy absorbing assembly 486 to the other side of the energy absorbing assembly 486. The mechanical fasteners 422 and 424 may be bolts or Hucks. Energy absorbing elements 402, 404, 406, 408, 410, and 412 provide deceleration features that can be customized for specific vehicle weights and speeds. For example, 15 provides a two-stage braking force or deceleration for a vehicle weighing approximately 820 kg during a travel of approximately a few feet of an associated blade through the energy absorbing assembly 486. A blade provides braking force suitable for larger vehicles with a weight of approximately 2,000 kg through the remaining stroke of the energy absorbing assembly 486. By changing the position, size, configuration, and quantity of the energy absorbing elements 402, 404, 406, 408, 410, and 412, the energy absorbing assembly 486 can provide a vehicle with a weight of 820 kg to 2,000 kg. Safe deceleration. The energy absorbing element 200 shown in FIG. 8 has been modified to reduce the initial effect of a collision between a moving vehicle and an energy absorbing system. 24 200401860 发明, description of the invention, especially for light weight vehicles . The oval groove 204 reduces the energy required to tear or tear the energy absorbing element 200 during an initial impact, especially for light weight vehicles. The oval grooves 204 cooperate with each other to allow a light weight vehicle that collides with the skid assembly 340 to substantially experience a minimum initial impact or 5 bumps. In some applications, the wire slot 202 may be located in the first end 201 of the energy absorbing element 200, and may have a width of about 3/4 inches and a length of about 6 inches. The slot 202 can be used to receive the blade 206 and align the blade 206 with the energy absorbing element 200 during installation. The plurality of long oval grooves 204 are preferably formed along the centerline of the energy absorbing element 200 extending from the grooves 202 10. In one application, the oval groove 204 has about 2. 5 (2½) inches in length and approximately 3/4 inches in width. The distance between the centerlines of adjacent oval grooves 204 may be about 3 inches. The number of the oval grooves 204 and the size of the oval grooves 204 may be changed according to the intended application of an associated energy absorbing assembly. In one application, the energy absorbing element 200 may have an overall length of 45 inches and 154. 5 (4½) inch width. In some applications, the energy absorbing element 200 is preferably disposed next to the respective blade plate 106. By limiting the overall length of the energy absorbing element 200 to approximately 45 inches, a light weight vehicle or a slow speed vehicle that collides with the skid assembly 340 can be restored to its function if deemed suitable for repair. 20 Time and cost are reduced. After a collision that does not need to absorb a large amount of energy, it may only be necessary to replace the energy absorbing element 200 instead of all other energy absorbing elements attached to an associated energy absorbing assembly 86. Various types of mechanical fasteners can be used satisfactorily to attach the energy absorbing elements 100, 200, and / or 402, 404, 406, 408, 410, and 412 to the relevant support beam 25 200401860 (i.e., description of the invention 90) for releasable attachment. In some applications, a combination of long bolts and short bolts can be used satisfactorily. In other applications, mechanical fasteners can be blind-threaded rivets and related nuts. The invention can satisfactorily cooperate with widely different blind rivets, bolts and other fasteners. Examples of such fasteners are available from Huck Internatiol, Inc. at 6 Thomas, Irvine, California 92718-2585. Power tools that can be used to satisfactorily install these blind rivets are also available from Hulk International and other manufacturers. The energy absorbing system 20 shown in Figs. 9A, 9B, and 10 can be installed adjacent to the end facing the roadside dangerous object of the approaching vehicle. Specific parts of the energy absorption 10 system 20 are also shown in Figures 11 to 18. The energy absorption system 20a is also shown in Fig. 9C. The energy absorption system 20 & 20a may be formed from approximately the same components. Energy absorbing systems 20 and 20a can sometimes be described as non-brake, redirected impact buffers. The schematic diagram of Fig. 9A shows that the energy absorption system 20 is in the first position extending longitudinally from the roadside danger 15 31. The slide assembly 40 is slidably disposed on the first end 21 of the energy absorption system 20. The skid assembly 40 can sometimes be referred to as a "impact skid." The first end 21 of the energy absorption system 20 including the first end 41 of the skid assembly 40 faces the approaching vehicle. Energy The second end 22 of the absorption system 20 is preferably firmly attached to the end of the roadside dangerous object 3 10 facing the approaching vehicle 20. Generally, the energy absorption system 20 is installed in its first position, And the first end 21 is longitudinally separated from the second end 22 as shown in FIG. 9A. A plurality of plate support frames 60a-60e are longitudinally separated from each other and can be slidably disposed between the first end 21 and the second end 22. Sometimes, the plate support frames 60a-60e may be referred to as "frame assemblies". The number of plate support frames can be changed according to the required length of the relevant energy absorption system. A plurality of plates 160 may be attached to the slide sample assembly 40 and the plate support frames 60a-60e. The plate 160 may sometimes be referred to as a "stretcher" or "stretcher." When a vehicle impacts the first end 21 of the energy absorbing system 20, the slider assembly 50 will move longitudinally toward the roadside dangerous object 3 10. The energy absorbing assembly 1 80 (not shown explicitly in Figures 9A and 9B) will absorb energy from the impacted vehicle during this movement. The sheet support frames 60a-60e and the related sheet 160 will also absorb energy from a carrier impacting the first end 21. Fig. 9B is a schematic plan view showing the slider assembly 40 and the plate supporting frames 60a-60e and the 10 related plates 160 which collapse next to each other. The plate support frame 60a-60e is used to prevent the slide assembly 40 from moving further to the roadside dangerous object 31. For convenience of explanation, the position of the energy absorption system 20 as shown in FIG. 9B may be referred to as a “second” position. During most collisions between the vehicle and the end point 2 of the energy absorption system 20, the sled The assembly 40 will generally move only a portion of the distance between the first position as shown in Figure 9A and the second position as shown in Figure 9B. Plate support frames 60a-60e, related plates 160 And the other components of the energy absorbing system 20 are coordinated with each other to redirect the vehicle hitting on either side of the energy absorbing system 20 back to an associated road. Individual plates 16 are attached to the skid assembly 40 And it preferably extends above a part of each of the 20 types of plate 160 attached to the plate support frame 60a. In a corresponding manner, the plate 160 attached to the plate support frame 60a is compared with The Jia line extends above a corresponding portion of the plate 160 attached to the plate support frame 60b. The various components of the energy absorption system 20 provide substantial support for the plate support frame 60a_60e and the plate. Lateral support. 27 200401860 发明, invention description The first end 161 of each plate 160 is preferably as needed It is fixedly attached to the skid * assembly 40 or the plate support frame 60a-60d. Each plate 160 is also preferably slidably attached to one or more downstream plate support frames 60a- 60e. The upstream plate 160 is overlapped with the downstream plate 160 so that when the plate supporting frame 60 center 5 60 ~ bones toward each other, the respective plate 160 is expanded or nested. The plate supporting frame 60a- The sub-sets of 60e and plate 160 are grouped together to form a one_bay group or a two_bay group. For the convenience of illustration, the second end 162 of each upstream plate 160 is at 9a and In FIG. 9B, a lateral protrusion protruding a significant distance of 10 away from the relevant downstream plate 160. As described in more detail below, the plates 160 are preferably nested closely to each other to reduce the second end 162 as much as possible. Any lateral protrusions may catch a vehicle when a reverse angle impact is generated with either side of the energy absorption system 20. The schematic plan view of FIG. 9C shows that the energy absorption system 20a is in danger from the roadside In the first position where the object 310 extends longitudinally, the energy absorption system 20a 15 includes the first position facing the oncoming vehicle. End 21 and second end 22 securely attached to roadside danger 3 10. The energy absorption system 20a also includes a skid assembly 40, a plate support frame 60a-60g, and individual plates 16. The plates 160 extending along both sides of the energy absorbing system 20 and 20a may have approximately the same configuration. However, the length of the plate 160 may be based on the fact that each 20 plate is a "single bay plate," Or "Ewan Plate", and changed. For the convenience of explanation, "One Bay" is defined as the distance between two adjacent plate support frames. The length of the plate 16 privately designated as "Ewan Plate" passes through The choice can span the distance between the three plate support frames when the energy absorbing systems 20 and 20a are in their first position. For example, the first end 161 of a Erwan plate 16o is more than 28 200401860, and the description of the invention is that the Jiaxi is firmly attached to the upstream plate support frame 60a. The second end 162 Che Erjia of Erwan plate 160 is slidably attached to the downstream plate gift frame 60c. The other plate supporting frame 60b is slidably coupled with the second bay plate 160 between the first end 161 and the second end 162. 5 When the skid assembly 40 hits the plate support frame 60a and this plate support frame 60a may in turn touch the plate support frame 60b and then 60c, etc., the plate support frame 60a-60g and the like The attached plate 160 accelerates toward the curb danger 310. The plate support frame 603-6 (^ and the attached plate 160) are used to slow down an impact vehicle. If a single bay group of 10 plate support frames is hit At this time, the Shanwan group will be coupled to its own relevant plate 160, so it will have a higher inertia. In order to mitigate the deceleration of an impacted vehicle, it is better to arrange a Wanwan group downstream of each Shanwan group. When the skid assembly 40 or one or more panel support frames pushed by the skid assembly 40 contact the first panel support frame (such as the panel support frame 60d) of the bay group, The inertia of the 15th series is the same or slightly larger than that of the Yidanwan group (because of the longer plate 160). However, when the second plate support frame of the Erwan group (such as the plate support frame 60e) is touched At this time, the second plate support frame 60 has a lower inertia because it is only slidable to the relevant plate 160. Therefore, the deceleration effect is slightly reduced. 20 The energy absorption system 20a has the following bay groups: 2-2- 1-2-2, where "2" represents two bays and "1" represents one bay. Starting from the skid assembly 40 and moving to the curb dangerous goods 310 The energy absorption system 20a has one Erwan group (calculate the skid assembly 40 including itself as one bay), another Erwan group, a single bay group, and then an Erwan group and another Erwan group. 29 200401860 发明, description of the invention As shown in the figure, the nose cover 83 can be attached to the skid assembly 40 on the first end 21 of the energy absorption system 20. The nose cover 83 can be a generally rectangular piece of flexible A plastic material. The opposite edge of the nose cover 83 is attached to the corresponding opposite side of the end point 41 of the skid assembly 40. The nose cover 83 5 preferably includes a plurality of dangerous objects that can be directed to the roadside 3 10 Chevron delineators 84 as seen by the approaching vehicle. Various reflectors and / or warning signs can also be mounted on the skid assembly 40 and along each side of the energy absorption system 20. This absorption The system 20 preferably includes a plurality of absorbable assemblies 186 aligned in columns 188 and 189 (see FIG. 18) extending longitudinally from the roadside dangerous object 1010 and parallel to each other. Some applications Each column 188 and 189 may contain two or more energy absorption assemblies 186. Columns The energy absorption assembly 186 in 188 can be laterally separated from the energy absorption assembly 86 in column 189. In some applications, the energy absorption assembly 186 can be firmly attached to the roadside 15 dangerous objects 3 10 in front of Concrete foundation 308. Each row 188 and 189 of the energy absorption assembly 186 has a respective first end 187 which roughly corresponds to the first end 21 of the energy absorption system 20. The skid assembly 4 is also preferred The first end 41 of 〇 is arranged adjacent to the first end 187 of the columns 188 and 189 before the impact of the vehicle. The slope assembly 30 can be set on the end point 21 of the energy absorption system 20 to prevent one or more A small vehicle with a low ground clearance directly hits the first end 187 of the columns 188 and 189. If no ramp assembly 30 is provided, one or more small vehicles with low ground clearance may contact either or both of the first ends 187 and experience significant deceleration causing significant damage to the vehicle and / Or injury to people in the car. 30 200401860 发明, description of the invention can provide various types of slopes and other structures to ensure that a vehicle impact end 21 of the energy absorption system 20 will properly engage the skid assembly 40 and will not directly contact the first and second rows of columns 188 and 189. 187 at one end. The ramp assembly 30 may include a pair of ramps 32. Each ramp 32 preferably includes a foot 5 34 having a push-like surface percent extending therefrom. The connector 38 extends from a foot 34 opposite the push-like surface 36. The connector 38 allows each ramp 32 to be firmly engaged with a respective energy absorbing assembly 186 ^ In some applications, the foot 34 may have a height of approximately 6.5 inches. Other components related to the energy absorbing system 20, such as the energy absorbing assembly 186 and the guide rails and 209, preferably have approximately corresponding heights. By limiting the height of the ramp 32 and the ability to absorb the assembly 1 to 10, these components can be passed under a vehicle that impacts with the end 41 of the skid assembly 40. The push-like surface 36 may have a length of about 13.5 inches. The push-like surface 36 may be formed by cutting a structural angle steel (not shown) having a nominal size of 3 inches x 3 inches x 0.5 inches thick into sections having appropriate lengths and angles. Keli 15 attaches segments of structural angle steel to respective feet 34 using welding techniques and / or mechanical fasteners. Slope 32 may also be referred to as "end shoes." In some applications, roadside hazards 310 and / or energy absorption systems 20 may be configured and attached to a suitable concrete or asphalt foundation. In the examples shown in Figures 10 and 13, the concrete foundation 3 08 preferably extends longitudinally and laterally from the roadside dangerous object 3 1 020. As shown in Figures 13 and 18, the energy absorption assembly 186 is better configured and securely attached to a plurality of cross bars 24. Each cross bar 24 can be fixed to the concrete foundation 208 by using different stud bolts 26. In addition to the anchor bolts 26, various types of mechanical fasteners can also be used satisfactorily And anchoring part to fix the cross bar 24 and the concrete foundation 308. 31 200401860 can be changed according to the requirements of each energy absorption system, the number of the K cups and the number of misaligned parts used by each cross bar.仏 才 才 24 can be formed from a structural steel bar with a nominal width of 3 忖 and a nominal thickness of 0.5 ·. Each cross bar 24 may be approximately 22 inches in length. Three holes are preferably formed in each cross bar 24 to accommodate anchor bolts 26. Any one of a carrier with energy 5 absorption system 20 During a side impact, the crossbar 24 is under tension. The materials used to form the crossbar 24 and its associated configuration can be selected to deform the crossbar 24 in response to pull from a lateral impact and absorb energy from the impacted vehicle The monthly absorption assembly 1 86 is similar to the aforementioned energy absorption assembly%. For example, see Figures 6 and 13. To describe the embodiment shown in Figures 9A-18, 10 will be next to the crossbar 24 The support beam 190 is labeled 190a. The respective support beams 190 arranged immediately above it are labeled 190b. The support beams 190a and 190b have approximately the same size and configuration (see Figure 3), including Its extended grips or respective webs 192 of the flanges 194 and 196. Four crossbars 24 can be attached to the web 15 of the support beam 190a opposite the respective flanges 194 and 196. As a result, each The approximately C-shaped cross section of the support beam i9〇a extends away from each of the crossbars 24. The number of crossbars 24 attached to each support beam 190a can be changed according to the intended use of the energy absorption system produced. Energy absorption system In 20, two support beams 190a are laterally separated from each other and attached to four horizontal beams Rod 24. The support beam 190a and the cross bar 24 may be attached using 20 conventional welding techniques and / or mechanical fasteners (not clearly shown). Preferably, the mechanical fasteners 198a and 198b are used to attach a plurality of energy absorbing elements 152 Attached to the respective support beams 190a and 190b. In some applications, each energy absorbing element 152 may have approximately the same configuration and size. In other applications as shown in Fig. 32 200401860 (18) and Invention Description 18, The energy absorbing assembly 186 may be formed using energy absorbing elements 152a, 152b, 152c, 152d, 152e, and 152f having different lengths. A pair of guide bars or guide beams 208 and 209 are preferably attached to the respective support beams 5190b and extend laterally therefrom. In some applications, the guides 208 and 209 may be formed of structural angle steel with feet having an equal width such as 3 inches by 3 inches and a thickness of about 0.5 inches. In other applications, many different guides can be used. The invention is not limited to guides or guide beams 208 and 209. Guides 208 and 209 each have a first leg 10 211 and a second leg 212 that intersect each other at an angle of about 90 degrees. A plurality of holes (not clearly shown) are preferably formed along the length of the second leg 212 to attach the guides 208 and 209 to the respective support beams 190b using mechanical fasteners 198b. The mechanical fastener 198b is preferably longer than the mechanical fastener 198a to accommodate the guides 208 and 209 and the longitudinal force that causes the skid assembly 40 to move toward the curb hazard 310. 15 As shown in the figure, the length of the guides 208 and 209 is longer than the energy absorption assembly i86 of the related columns 188 and 189. When the energy absorbing system 20 is in the second position as shown in Fig. 9B, the plate support frames 60a-60e are arranged next to each other to prevent the slide assembly 40 from further moving. Therefore, the energy absorption assemblies 186 of the columns 188 and 189 need not have the same length as the guide rails 208 and 209. The b-like assembly may have a general configuration including a box with open sides. See Figure 12. The material used to form the skid assembly 40 and its configuration are preferably selected so that the skid assembly 40 remains intact after a high speed vehicle impact. The first end 41 of the skid assembly 40 generally corresponds to the first end 21 of the energy absorption system 20. The end 41 can also be referred to as the ‘’ upstream, end ”of the skid assembly 40. 33 200401860 of the skid assembly 40. Description of the invention The end 47 is opposite to the end 41. The end 47 may also be referred to as the "downstream" end of the skid assembly 40. The skid assembly 40 also includes sides 48 and 49 extending between the ends 41 and 47. As shown in Figures 11 and 13, the sides 48 and 49 of the skid assembly 40 are preferably covered by the plate 160. For ease of illustration, the plate 5 piece 160 has been removed from the side 47 in FIG. 12. The skid assembly 40 can be further defined by summarizing the corner posts 42, 43, 44 and 45 extending vertically from the guide rails 208 and 209. As shown in Figs. 10 to 14, the corner posts 42 and 43 may be formed of structural steel bars having a width of about 4 忖 and a thickness of about 3/4 忖. Each corner post 42 and 43 has a length of about 32 inches. The push-like surface 46 is preferably formed on the endpoints of the corner posts 42 and 43 next to the ground or concrete foundation 308. The size and configuration of the push-out surface 46 is preferably selected to minimize or eliminate contact between the concrete foundation 308 and the respective ends of the corner posts 42 and 43, which may prevent the skid assembly 40 along the guide 208 And 209 smoothly and linearly move to the curb dangerous goods 3 10. 15 corner posts 44 and 45 may be provided with such as 2. 5 "x 2 · 5" feet of equal width and approximately 3/8 inches thick are formed by structural angle steel. The corner posts 44 and 45 preferably have a length of about 29 inches. Corner bars 42, 42, 44, and 45 can be rigidly attached to each other using various configurations of pull bars and supports to provide the required structural strength for the skid assembly 40. 10 The top stay 141 preferably extends laterally between the corner posts 42 and 43. The top stay 142 preferably extends laterally between the corner posts 44 and 45. A pair of top stays 148 and 149 extend longitudinally between the top stays 141 and 142 along respective sides 48 and 49 of the skid assembly 40. The bottom stay 51 preferably extends immediately above the guides 208 and 209 and extends laterally between the corner posts 42 and 43. The other bottom stay 52 is preferably 34 200401860. Description of the invention Immediately above the guides 208 and 209 extends laterally between the corner post 44 and the corner post 45. The end point 41 of the skid assembly 40 also includes tie bars 146 and 147 extending diagonally between the respective corner posts 42 and 43 and the bottom tie bar 51. The corner posts 42 and 43, the top pulls 141, the bottom pulls 51, and the pulls 146 and 147 cooperate with each other to provide a relatively rigid and strong structure on the first end 41 of the slide sample assembly 40. The end 47 series of the skid assembly 40 includes diagonal pull bars 143, 144, and 145. The diagonal pull bars 143, 144, and 145 are connected with the diagonal pull bars 146 and 147. Provides additional structural support. 10 The dimensions of the skid assembly 40 partially defined by the corner posts 42 and 43, the top pull bar 141, and the bottom pull bar 51 are vehicles that are selected to capture or collect an impact. During a collision between a motorized vehicle and the first end 21 of the energy absorbing assembly 20, the kinetic energy from the collision vehicle may be transferred from the first end 41 to other components of the skid assembly 40. The size and configuration of the end 41 can also be selected, so that the kinetic energy is effective when a carrier impacts the center of the first end 41 at 15 or when a carrier impacts the end 41 at an angle not parallel to the longitudinal axis of the energy absorption system 20 To be transferred. The pair of C-shaped passages 50 and 53 preferably extend diagonally from the top stay 141 to the bottom stay 52. The passages 50 and 53 are preferably laterally separated from each other and laterally separated from the corner posts 42 and 43 and the corner posts 44 and 45. The guide assembly 54 is preferably attached to the ends of the passages 50 and 53 extending from the bottom pull bar 20 52. The lengths of the access mantras and brothers are selected to ensure that the guide assembly 54 contacts the webs 192 of the respective support beams 19b. The guide assembly 54 preferably includes a plate 55. The ends of the passages 50 and 53 extending from the bottom stay 52 are attached to one side of the plate 55. A pair of steering gears "and" are preferably attached to opposite sides of the plate 55 and extend approximately perpendicularly therefrom. Steerer 35 200401860 Chop, invention description 58 and 59 can be arranged at an angle relative to each other and the center of the guide assembly 54 to help the skid assembly 40 stay properly positioned in rows 1 88 and 1 89. Energy absorption assembly 186 between. The plate 55 may sometimes be referred to as a guide or skid. Individual tabs 56 and 57 can be attached to the bottom ends of the corner posts 44 and 45 next to the energy absorbing assembly 186. The tabs 56 and 57 protrude laterally inward from the respective corner posts 44 and 45 under the guide rails 208 and 209 and toward the guides 208 and 209. The bottom pull bar 52 is preferably separated from the tabs 56 and 57 so that the feet 211 of the guide rails 208 and 209 can be disposed between the tab 56 and 57 and the bottom pull bar 52, respectively. As shown in FIG. 13 ', the tabs 56 and 57 cooperate with the bottom pull bar 52 to maintain the skid assembly 40 firmly on the guides 208 and 209 while allowing the skid assembly 40 to follow the guide rails 208 and 209 slides to the dangerous side of the road 31. The tabs 56 and 57 are particularly helpful in preventing the skid assembly 40 from responding to side impacts and causing undesirable side rotations. The inertia of the skid assembly 40 and the related friction of the bottom bar 41 sliding on the guides 208 and 209, and the friction caused by the contact between the plate 55 and the support beam 190b 15 The friction system is helpful for shock loading Gear deceleration. Most of the impact between a motorized vehicle and the end 41 of the skid assembly 40 generally occurs at a position approximately above the energy absorption assembly 186. As a result, the vehicle that has an impact with the end 41 generally applies a torque to the skid assembly 40, which forces the bottom stay 52 to be supported down on the guide rails 208 and 209. 20 The dimensions of the plate 55 and the diverters 58 and 59 are selected to be compatible with the web 192 of the passage 190. During a collision between a motorized vehicle and one of the ends 41 of the skid assembly 40, the force from the vehicle is transferred from the top pull bar 141 through the paths 50 and 53 to the bottom pull bar 52 and the guide assembly 54. As a result, the plate member 55 will apply a force to the support beam 190b to keep the skid assembly 40 relative to the energy absorbing assembly ι86. As shown in Figures 11, 12 and 14, the connectors 214 and 216 can be attached to the bottom strap 51 opposite the cross straps 145 and 146. The connectors 214 and 216 are laterally separated from each other, thereby accommodating the connector 220 attached to the blade 206 and extending 5 from the blade 206. Connectors 222 and 224 are also preferably attached to corner post 42 and extend laterally therefrom. The corresponding connectors 222 and 224 are also attached to the corner post 43 and extend laterally therefrom. The connector 222 is separated from the respective connector 224 by a distance generally corresponding to the thickness of the blade 206. As shown in FIG. 14, a plurality of holes can be provided in the connectors 214, 216, 220, 222, 224 and the blade 10 206, so that the mechanical fastener can slide the blade 206 near the energy absorption assembly 186 and slide. The skid assembly 40 is firmly attached. As shown in Figs. 12, 14 and 18, the blade 206 preferably includes two sets of bevel-shaped cutting edges or tearing edges 107 and 109. The skid assembly 40 may be slidably disposed on the guide rails 208 and 209 with the cutting edges 107 and 109 aligned with the first end 187 of the energy absorption assembly 186. The thickness of the blade 206 and the gap between the support beams 190a and 190b or the cutting area 154 may be selected so that the blade 206 fits between the flanges 194 and 196 of the support beams 190a and 190b. The blade 206 may also be located in the groove 102 of the energy absorbing assembly 186. As shown in FIG. 14, the blade plate 206 preferably includes a respective guide plate 268. A separate guide plate 268 may be provided on each side of the blade plate 206 used for each support beam 190. The width of each guide plate 268 is selected to be compatible with the width of each support beam 190. The combined thickness of each blade 206 and each guide 268 is selected so as to be compatible with the gaps or cutting areas 154 formed between the respective support beams 190. The thickness of the blade 206 is selected so that it generally corresponds to the size of the gap 154. Preferred system 37 200401860 (ii) Description of the invention Each guide plate 268 is arranged in a substantially C-shaped cross section defined by the web 192 and the flanges 194 and 196 of the relevant branch beam 190. In some applications, the gap or cutting area 154 between the support beams 190a and 190b may be about 1 inch (or 25 mm) and the thickness of the blade 206 may be about 0. 5 inches. 5 During a collision with the end 21 of the energy absorption system 20, when the momentum is transferred from the vehicle to the slide sample assembly 40 causing the slide assembly 40 and the vehicle to move in conjunction with each other, a vehicle will experience a deceleration peak . The deceleration value due to momentum transfer is a function of 40 weight of the skid assembly and the weight and initial speed of the vehicle. When the skid assembly 40 moves longitudinally to the roadside dangerous object 3 10, the guide assembly 10 to 54 will contact the respective support beams 190a and 190b to slide the assembly 40 and the energy absorption assembly 186 and the blade. The required alignment is maintained between 206. The skid assembly 40 keeps the blade 206 aligned with the cutting area 154. When the skid assembly 40 continues to slide toward the roadside dangerous object 310, the blade plate 206 will engage and disengage the energy absorbing elements 152 of the respective energy absorbing assemblies 186. When the 15 slider assembly 40 is impacted by a vehicle, the blade 206 is pushed into the edge of each energy absorbing element 152. The beveled edges 107 and 10 of the blade 206 are connected to respective energy absorbing elements 152. The blade 206 may be formed from a variety of different steel alloys. The beveled edges 107 and 109 are preferably hardened to provide the cutting and / or tearing action required for the energy absorbing element 152. 20 may force the center portion of each energy absorbing element 152 inwardly between the respective support beams 190, while the top and bottom of each energy absorbing element 142 remain fixed to the respective support beams 19 by bolts 198a and 198b. . The central portion of each energy absorbing element 152 continues to be stretched or deformed by the blade 206 until the individual energy absorbing element 152 normally fails under tension. This will result in the separation of the energy absorbing elements 52 and the description of the invention, and when the skid assembly 40 continues to push the cutter 206 through, the separation effect propagates along the length of the respective energy absorbing element 152. When the kinetic energy from the impact carrier has been absorbed, the energy absorbing element 5 152 will stop separating. After the blade 206 passes, one or more energy absorbing elements 152 are separated into upper and lower parts (see Fig. 5), and these upper and lower parts are separated by a gap. The blade 206 has a deep and strong beam configuration when viewed from the associated energy absorbing element 152. The blade 206 is fixed to the skid assembly 10 40 at both ends and the center and is thus rigid. Therefore, when the blade 206 engages the energy absorbing element 152, the energy absorbing element 152 will fail but the blade 206 will not fail. As previously mentioned, the thickness and number of energy absorbing elements 152 can be varied to safely absorb kinetic energy from vehicles of widely different types, sizes, and / or impact speeds. In summary, the torque applied to the end 41 of the skid assembly 40 will also increase the friction between the blade 206 and the portion of the energy absorbing element 152 that has been cut or torn. In many applications, the energy absorbing element disposed next to the skid assembly 40 is usually thin or "soft" to slow down smaller, slower moving vehicles. It is preferable to select a length sufficiently long for each of the 20 columns 188 and 189 related to the energy absorbing systems 20, 120, 120a, and 420 so that the slider assembly 40 has moved past the front having the "softer" energy absorbing element After that, it is enough to provide multiple stages that can satisfactorily decelerate large and high-speed vehicles. Generally speaking, compared with the energy absorbing elements installed near the first end 21, the energy absorbing elements installed in the middle of the columns 188 and 189 and immediately adjacent to the end points of each column will be "harder". 39 200401860 玖2. Description of the Invention When the first end of a vehicle's initial impact skid assembly 40 faces the respected vehicle, any person in the vehicle who is not wearing a seat belt or other restraint will bounce forward from his seat. Appropriately restricted personnel in the vehicle will generally slow down with the vehicle. In the skid assembly 40 along the guide 8 and survey: within a short time and distance of 5 minutes, unrestricted personnel in the vehicle may float in the vehicle In the air. The deceleration force applied to the impact vehicle may be large during the same period of time. However, 'just before the unrestricted personnel in the vehicle touch the interior of the vehicle such as windshield (not clearly shown), The deceleration force to the vehicle will generally be reduced to a lower level to minimize the possible harm to personnel in the unrestricted car 10. In the embodiment shown in Figure 9A, the end 47 of the skid assembly 40 Will come into contact with the plate support frame 60a, The sheet support frame 60, in turn, will contact the sheet support frame 60b and any other sheet support frame disposed downstream of the skid assembly 40. The movement of the skid assembly 40 towards the curb danger 3 1 0 will The expansion and contraction of the 15 plate supporting frames 60a-60e and their related plates 160 relative to each other results in the plate supporting frame and the vertical movement of the skid * assembly 40 from the first end 21 to the second end 22 of the energy absorbing system 20. The inertia of the related plate 160 will further decelerate an impact carrier. The expansion or contraction of the plate 160 relative to each other will generate additional friction, and this additional friction will also help to slow the vehicle. The 20-plate support The movement of the frames 60a-60e along the guides 208 and 209 also creates additional friction to further decelerate the vehicle. As previously described for Figures 9A and 9B, the plate support frames 60a-60e and related plates 160 Redirects the vehicle on either side of the shock energy absorption system 20 back to the relevant road. Each plate 160 preferably has a partial 40 200401860 玖, invention description by the first or upstream end 161 and the second End or downstream end 162 Long rectangular configuration (see Figures 9A, 10 and 15). Each plate 160 preferably includes a first edge 181 and a second edge 182 extending longitudinally between the first end 161 and the second end 162 (see (Figures 10 and 15). In some applications, the plate ι605 can have a length of about 34¾ inches for a `` single bay plate '' and about five inches and two inches for a `` two bay plate ''. Formed by standard ten (10) W-beam guardrail sections. Each plate 160 preferably has a width of approximately 12 1/4 inch. As shown in FIGS. 10 and 15, the respective grooves 164 are preferably formed in the respective plates 160 between the ends 161 and 162. The slot 164 is preferably aligned with and extends along the longitudinal centerline (not clearly shown) of each of the plates 605. The length of the slot 164 is smaller than the length of the relevant plate 160. A separate slot plate 170 is slidably disposed in each slot 164. The metal strip 166 can be welded to the first end 161 of each plate 160 along the edges 181 and 182 and the middle. See Figure 16. In some applications, the metal strip 166 may have a length of about 121/4 inches and a width of about 2½ inches. The length of each metal strip 166 is preferably equal to the width of the respective plate 160 between the respective longitudinal edges 181 and 182. Mechanical fasteners 167, 168, and 169 may be utilized to attach each metal strip 166 to its associated corner post 68 or 69. The mechanical fasteners 167 and 169 are substantially the same. The metal 20 metal band 166 provides more contact points for mounting the end 161 of the plate 16 to the respective plate support frames 60a-60f. The recess 184 is preferably formed in each of the plates 160 at a joint surface between the second end 162 and the respective longitudinal edges 181 and 182 (see FIG. 15). The recess 184 allows the plate 60 to be tightly closed when the energy absorbing system 20 is in the first position.

41 200401860 发明, description of the invention The overlapping configuration cooperates with each other. As a result, the recess 184 minimizes the possibility of a vehicle tripping the side of the energy absorbing system 20 during a "reverse angle" collision or impact. The plate support frames 60a-60e may have approximately the same size and configuration 5. Therefore, only the sheet support frame 60e will be described in detail. See Figure 16. In some applications, the plate support frame 60e has a generally rectangular configuration. This configuration is partially composed of a first column 68 adjacent to the guide rail 208 and a second column 69 adjacent to the guide rail 209. As defined. The top stay 61 extends laterally between the first pillar 68 and the second pillar 69. The bottom stay 62 extends laterally between the first pillar 10 68 and the second pillar 69. The lengths of the columns 68 and 69 and the position of the bottom pull bar 62 are selected so that when the plate support frame 60e is arranged on the guides 208 and 209, the bottom pull bar 62 will contact the guide rails 208 and 209 but the column 68 And 69 does not touch the concrete foundation 308. A plurality of cross bars 63, 64, 65, 70, and 71 may be arranged between the columns 68 15 and 69, the top bars 61 and the bottom bars 62 to provide a rigid structure. In some applications, the cross bars 63, 64, 65, 70 and 71 and / or the columns 68 and 69 may be formed from heavier structural steel components. Further, the cross stay 65 may be installed at one of the lower positions of the columns 68 and 69. The weight of the support frame 60 and the center 60e and the position of the associated cross-tabs can be changed to provide the required strength during a 20-way impact with one of the energy absorption systems 20. The tab 66 is attached to the end point of the column adjacent to the concrete foundation 308 and extends laterally toward the energy absorbing assembly 186. The tab 67 is attached to the end of the column 68 adjacent to the hybrid / rotorial assembly 38 and toward the energy absorbing assembly! 86 extends laterally. The tabs 66 and 67 cooperate with the bottom pull bar 62 to keep the plate support frame 60e and the guides 208 and 209 in engagement during a lateral impact with the energy absorbing system 42 200401860 玖, description 20 of the invention. The impulse from a carrier that collides with either side of the energy absorbing assembly 20 will be transferred from the plate 160 to the plate support frame 60a-60g. After the force of the side impact 5 is transferred, it is transferred from the plate support frame 60a-60g to the relevant guide rails 208 and / or 209, and then toward the energy absorption assembly 186 and through the crossbar 24 and the mechanical fastener 26 to the concrete foundation 308. Crossbars 24, mechanical fasteners 26, energy absorbing assemblies 186, guides 208 and 209, and plate support frames 60a_60g provide lateral support during a side impact with the energy absorbing system 20. 10 For ease of explanation, the plate 160 shown in Figure 15 has been labeled i60a, 160b, 160c, 160d, 160e, and 160f. In addition, the vertical edges of the plates i60a_160d are labeled as vertical edges 181 & -181 (1 and 182 & -182 (1, and the vertical edges of the plate 160 £ are labeled as vertical edges 181f and 182f.) In 160b and 160d, end 161 and 162 are labeled as end 161a and 162a, end 161b 15 and 162b, and end 16Id and 162d. Similarly, in plate 160c, the upstream end is labeled as end 161c; in plate 160e The downstream end is labeled as end i62e. As shown in Figures 15 and 17A, respective metal strips 166 can attach the first end 161a and the first end 161d to the column 68 of the plate support frame 60c. In a similar manner, the respective metal bands 166 are provided as corner posts 68 that can securely attach the first ends 16lb and 16le 20 to the plate support frame 60d. As shown in Figures 17A and 17B, the 'bolt 168 series extends past The hole 72 in each slot plate 170 and the corresponding hole (not shown) in one of the plates 160b. As shown in FIG. 17, the slot plate 170 preferably includes a hole 172 extending therethrough. The opposite finger 17 4 And 17 6 series extend laterally from the slot plate 17 0-side. Refer to 17 4 and 43 200401860 玖, invention description 176 size can be stored in the slot 164 of the relevant plate ι60 The mechanical fastener 168 is preferably longer than the mechanical fasteners 167 and 169 to accommodate the slot plate 170. Each slot plate 170 and bolt 168 cooperate with each other to stably anchor the end 161 of an inner plate 160 and the associated post 68 or 69, at the same time, an outer plate 160 can be caused to slide longitudinally relative to the column 5 or 69 associated with 5. See the inner plate 160b and the outer plate 160a in Figure 17a. A part of each bolt 168 and The fingers 174 and 176 of the slot plate no are slidably arranged in the respective slots 164 of each plate 160. The plate support frame 10 60c is impacted by a carrier and the end 21 of the energy absorbing assembly 20 And the first end 161a of the plate 160a will move longitudinally to the roadside dangerous object 3 10. By the related slot plate 170 engaging in the vertical slot 164, the plate 160a can be longitudinally slid relative to the plate 160b until the plate The support frame 60c contacts the plate support frame 60d. When this contact occurs, the plate support frame 60d and the related plate 160 will move with the plate support frame 60c and its related plate I5 160 to the roadside dangerous object 160 The relative "softness," or "hardness," of an energy absorption system may depend on The number and characteristics of the energy absorption element 152, the position of the energy absorption element 52, and the position and inertia of the plate supporting frame 60a-60g and its related plate 160. For example, 'the oval groove 204 can be lowered by The number and / or size of the energy absorbing element 200 shown in FIG. 8 and FIG. 20 is modified to be relatively rigid. In the same way, the energy absorbing element 200 can be made softer by increasing the number and / or size of the oval grooves 204. If the thickness of the energy absorbing element 152 is increased, the force value required to push the blade 206 through is increased, so a harder part is generated in the related energy absorbing system. The energy as described in the previous Figure 44 200401860 发明, description of the invention The absorption assembly 486 series shows various techniques for improving the hardness of the energy absorption system. The energy absorbing system 20 shown in Fig. 18 preferably includes energy absorbing elements 152a, 152b, 152c, 152d, 152e, and 152f. The energy absorbing elements 152 & and 152b are preferably formed of a thinner 16-gauge steel bar having a nominal width of 4.5 inches. The energy absorbing element 152a preferably has a nominal length of about 54 inches. The energy absorbing element 152b preferably has a nominal length of about 60 inches. The energy absorbing elements 152c and 152d preferably have 4. It is made of structural steel bars with a nominal width of 5 inches and a thickness of 3/16 忖. The energy absorbing element 1520 preferably has a nominal length of about 76 忖 10. The energy absorbing element 152d preferably has a nominal length of about 70 inches. The moon dagger and the receiving element 15 2 e are preferably formed of the same type of material. The energy absorbing element 152f preferably has 4. It is formed by a structural steel bar with a width of 5 inches and a length of about 92 inches. Each of the energy absorbing elements 152f preferably has a thickness corresponding to a No. 10 structural steel bar. 15 Various components and characteristics of energy absorbing systems 320 and 20 such as energy absorbing assemblies 86, 1 86, 486 and energy absorbing elements 100, 152, 200, 402, 404, 406, 408, 410, 412 can be combined as required In the energy absorption systems 120, 120a, and 420. The energy absorbing systems 120, 120a, and 420 can dissipate kinetic energy by tearing or tearing individual energy absorbing elements. However, an energy absorption system with expanded sides and / or wing extensions formed in accordance with the principles of the present invention can also be used with other types of energy absorption assemblies satisfactorily. The energy absorption system 120 shown in Figs. 19A-23 adopting the principle of the present invention can be installed near a wide or large roadside dangerous object facing one of the oncoming vehicles. 45 200401860 发明, description of the invention. An energy absorption system 120a using another embodiment of the present invention is shown in Figs. Various components that can be used with the energy absorption systems 120 and 120a are shown in Figures 26 to 29. A monthly absorption system 420 employing another embodiment of the present invention is shown in Figs. 30 and 31. Energy 5 absorption systems 120, 120a, and 420 are sometimes described as "non-braking, redirected impact bumpers." Energy absorption systems 120, 120a, and 420 can also be described as `` expanded '' systems, because the endpoints of each system that are arranged adjacent to a curbside dangerous object are usually more significant than the endpoints of the individual systems facing the approaching vehicle Wider. The energy absorption systems 120, 120a, and 420 may be included in separate columns 188 and 189 summarizing a longitudinal extension from the first 10 end 121 to a location in the middle of an associated roadside hazard (not clearly shown). Aligned multiple energy absorption assemblies 186. Columns 188 and 189 may also be aligned parallel to each other. Sometimes columns 1 $ 8 and 189 and / or energy absorption assembly 186 may be referred to as a skid assembly 4 〇 and the plate support frame 60a_60g (see Figures 19A and 24) or the split plate support frame 15 460a-460i (see Figures 30 and 31), "Guide,". Some characteristics related to the energy absorption systems 120, 120a, and 420 can be described with respect to the longitudinal centerline 130 arranged between the columns 188 and 189. An energy absorption system employing the principles of the present invention may have an absorption assembly in the month b in various configurations. In some applications, 'only a single row of energy absorbing assembly 20 can be installed near a roadside dangerous object. In other applications, three or more rows of energy absorbing assemblies can be installed. Also, each column may have only one energy absorbing assembly or multiple energy absorbing assemblies. The present invention can modify an energy absorption system so as to reduce as much as possible the harm caused to restricted and unrestricted personnel in a wide range of vehicles traveling at various speeds. 46 200401860 发明. Description of the invention In general, other types of energy absorption assemblies can be used for the systems 120, 120a, and 420 of Figs. 19A-31. The energy absorption assembly can use crushing, squeezing, bursting, splitting and other methods. The energy absorbing assembly 186 is preferably arranged and firmly attached to a plurality of five crossbars 24. In some applications, a total of eight crossbars 24 and four anchor bolts 26 per crossbar 24 may be used to install the energy absorbing systems 120, 120a, and / or 420. The number and position of the crossbar 24 and the anchor bolts 26 can be changed to provide a mechanical strength sufficient to withstand the significant forces generated when a vehicle impacts one side of the energy absorbing system. For example, a more robust 10 structural base and foundation may be required to satisfactorily redirect a load at an angle of about 20 degrees (20 °) to a portion of an energy absorbing system that expands by about 7 degrees (7 °). With. A pair of guides 208 and 209 or guide beams 208 and 209 are preferably attached to respective energy absorption assemblies 186 and extend laterally therefrom. The slide assembly 40 can be slidably arranged on the guides 208 and 209. The plate support frames 60a-60g of the energy absorption system 120 and 15 120a and the split plate support frames 460a-460i of the energy absorption system 42 can also be slidably disposed on the guides 208 and 209. The length of the guides 208 and 209 is preferably longer than the length of the energy absorption assembly 186 of the related columns 188 and 189. When the energy absorption systems 120 and 120a are in their respective second positions (not clearly shown), the skid assembly 40 and the plate support 20 can be arranged next to each other in columns 188 and 189. On the end opposite the first end 121. When the energy absorption system 420 is in its second position (not clearly shown), the skid assembly 40 and the split plate support frames 460a-460i can be arranged adjacent to each other in columns 188 and 89 and first The end 121 is opposite to the end. 47 200401860 (ii) Description of the invention The schematic diagram in Figure 19A shows a plan view of an energy absorption system 120 extending longitudinally from a curbside dangerous object (not clearly shown) and possibly including a concrete barrier 31. The energy absorption system 21 includes a first end 121 facing the oncoming vehicle and a second end 122 disposed adjacent to the roadside dangerous object. The energy absorbing system 120 also includes a first side 131 and a second side 132 that are spaced from each other and extend approximately longitudinally between the first end 121 and the second end 122. In this embodiment, the first side 131 and the second side 132 may be described as having a configuration that is approximately asymmetric with respect to the center line 13o. When the TBI absorption system 120 is in its first position, the slide sample assembly 40 can be slidably arranged on the first end 121 of the oncoming vehicle. The second end 122 of the energy absorbing system 120 may be disposed adjacent to a large and wide curbside hazard (not shown). As in the embodiment shown in Fig. 19A, the first end 122a of the first side 13 1 may be attached to the concrete barrier 3o. The second end 122b of the second side 1 may be attached to a similar concrete barrier or to a part of a conventional barrier system 15 (not explicitly shown). A plurality of plates 160 may be attached to the skid assembly 40 and the plate support frame 60a-60g to form specific portions of the first side 3 and the second side 32. In the embodiment shown in Fig. 19a, the first side 131 and the second side 132 extend from the first end 121 along at least a part of the center line 13 in parallel with each other. Because the second portion 1321 of the second 20 side 132 is disposed at an angle with respect to the longitudinal centerline 13, the related columns ⑻ and ⑻, and the guides 208 and 209, the second side 132 of the energy absorption system 120 can be described "Expanded." When the second side extends toward the second end 122, the second part ⑽ of the second side diverges from the center line 13o. -Part 48 of the second side 132 disposed between the first end 121 and the support frame assembly 60c 48 200401860 玖, invention description 132a is preferably spaced from the corresponding part of the first side 13 1 and is generally aligned in parallel . In some applications, the distance between the first end 121 and the second portion 1321 of the second side 132 from a position where the relevant guides 208 and 209 expand or extend at an angle may be approximately 114 inches (114 "). By providing a modular base of 114 inches (114 ") for 5 yuan, the number of tests required for the related energy absorption system to comply with the NCHRP Report 350 specification can also be reduced. The technical benefits of the present invention include providing a modular base unit that can be pre-assembled before being delivered to a curbside location. In some applications, a modular base unit may include columns 188 and 189, a skid assembly 40, a plate support frame 10 60a-60g, and the plate 160 is installed along the side 131 and the plate 160 is located along the side The 114-inch (114 ”) installation of 132. Using a modular base unit can minimize the repair time of road locations, and can make the damaged modular base unit more efficient and more effective at off-site facilities. Cost-effective repair. The enlarged schematic diagram of FIG. 19B is a plan view showing the relationship between the first portion 132a 15 and the second portion 132b of the second side 132. In the embodiment represented by the energy absorption system 120, the second portion 132b can be arranged at an angle of about 7 degrees (7 °) with respect to the first portion 132a. The plate support frame 60c and the frame extensions 80d-80g and the respective plate 160 can be coupled by using a bent plate or an adapter plate 74. The bent plate or adapter plate 74 may be installed on the downstream side of the plate support frame 60c. The respective adapter plate or bent plate 74 may be installed on the upstream side of the relevant frame extension 80d-80g. The plate 74 may include an angle 76 having a value of about 7 degrees (7 °), and the angle 76 generally summarizes the first angle corresponding to the second side 132. The angle formed between the portion 132a and the second portion 132b. See FIG. 19C. The adapter plate 74 can be used with the belt 166 of FIGS. 16 and 17a. The belt 166 49 200401860 玖, description of the invention is used to align the plates. To the plate support frame 60a, 60b and the slide 40, wherein the plate extends perpendicular to the plate support frame. When the plate is not perpendicular to the plate support #frame or other type of support, use the connection The plate 74 is used to couple the plate to the corresponding support. The corner 76 (see Figure 19C) of the plate 74 generally corresponds to the angle of the plate 5 relative to the relevant support. Since the plate is generally vertical to the plate support frame The extension 'connecting plates 74 do not need to couple the plates to the wing extension plate support frame 360h-360m. Each connecting plate 74 includes a first portion 74a and a second portion 74b. The first and second portions 74a, 74b There are openings for bolts. Fig. 19B shows the use of the adapter plate 74. A adapter plate 74 is a coupling plate 10-piece support frame 60d (more precisely, coupled to the extension 80d). Specifically, 'will be connected The first side 74a of the plate 74 is bolted to the extended portion 80d and the second portion 74b. The second portion 74b extends toward the first end 121. Extends inward towards the center line 130 and bolts to a band 166, which is connected to the plate 16dd. The end of the plate 160dd facing the first end 121 is fixedly coupled to the connection plate. The plate 160cc is oriented in the middle The end of the first end 122 is slidably coupled to the connection plate 74 in the same manner as in the above-mentioned Fig. 15. The other connection plate 74 is coupled to the plate support frame 6. Specifically, the first portion 74a is bolted to the plate. The supporting frame 60c, the second portion 74b extending toward the second end 122 and away from the center line no is bolted to a band 166 on the plate 160c (not shown in FIG. 19B). Adjacent ends of 20 on the plate 160 are slidably coupled to the plate support frame 60c, as described in FIG. 15 above. The energy absorption system 120 may also be described as "the right side expands." In some applications, the first side 131 may expand relative to the center line 130 (not shown), and the second side 132 may extend to the center line 13 〇 (not clearly shown) generally extends in parallel 50 200401860 玖, the description of the invention can describe the generated energy absorption system as "left expansion, (not clearly shown). The invention can design and install an energy absorption system according to the relevant geometric structure of each roadside dangerous object and the installation topology. For example, one side of the energy absorption system formed according to the principles of the present invention may expand near an exit ramp 5 (not shown) at an angle corresponding to the angle between the main line of traffic and the exit ramp. An energy absorption system with one-sided expansion can keep an associated energy absorption assembly substantially parallel to the direction of the main traffic flow, while still providing substantially continuous impact protection from the vehicle exiting the main flow line to an off-ramp vehicle. 10 Starting from the plate support frame 60d, each frame extension 80d_80g is disposed adjacent to the related plate support frame 60d-60g. The frame extensions 80d-80g can slide longitudinally with the respective plate support frames 60d-60g. Each of the external misalignment assemblies 11 〇e_ 11 〇g is preferably fixed near the row 189 and separated by a knife, and supports each angle 15 degrees corresponding to the angle of the second portion 132b of the first side 132. Frame extension 80e-80g. The frame extension 80e-80g is preferably slidably arranged above its related outboard anchor assembly HOed 丨. The number of frame extensions and the number of outboard anchoring assemblies can be changed according to the characteristics of each roadside dangerous object and one or more angles related to the sides 131 and 132. In the embodiment represented by the energy absorption system 120, the frame extensions 2080d-80f may have a similar overall configuration. The frame extension 80d-80g can be described as having a generally rectangular cross-section with one or more corner posts 68a, 69a held together by one or more cross-tabs 82. However, the dimensions associated with each of the frame extensions 80d-80f may be changed to accommodate the expansion or angle formed by the second portion 132b of the second side 132. The frame extension 80f is described in more detail in FIG. 21, 200401860. One of the corner posts 68 of the frame extension can be fastened to one of the corner posts 68 of the sheet support frame 60. As shown in Fig. 19A, the width of the frame extension 80d is generally smaller than the widths of the frame extensions 80e, 80f, and 80g. When the width of the frame extension 80 is increased by 5 ′, the respective external load anchoring assemblies ll0e-ii0g can be separated from the guide 209 by an appropriate distance to the frame extension 80e-80g and related plates 16. Provide the required mechanical support. Because the width of the frame extension 80d is smaller than that of other frame extensions 80e-80g, in some cases of roadside dangerous goods installation, an external load anchoring assembly 11 may not be required for the frame extension 80d. The various characteristics of the 10 external load anchoring assembly 11 oe-11 og are shown in Figures 19A, 20, 21, 22, and 25. Each of the external load anchoring assemblies 110e-Uog preferably includes a respective base plate 112, four anchor bolts 26, and a guide plate 114. It is possible to use a web or supporting members 116, 116a to mount the guide plate 114 and the respective base plate 112. Each of the hooks 117 may be attached adjacent to the guide plate 114 outside each of the frame extensions 80e15, 80f ^ 80g. The size of each hook 117 is preferably selected so that the respective frame extensions 80e-80g slide longitudinally relative to the relevant guide plate H4. Each hook 117 cooperates with its associated guide plate 114 to prevent the relevant frame extension 80e_80g from rotating during the impact of a carrier and the side 132. The web 116a is located on the side of the web 116 opposite to the hook 117. Therefore, the outboard anchoring assembly forms a passageway for 20 receiving hooks 117, and this passageway is generally parallel to the center line 13o. The web U6a provides resistance to rotation of the outboard anchor assembly. An energy absorbing system formed in accordance with the principles of the present invention can be mounted or attached to a dagger / rotor or asphalt foundation (not explicitly shown). In some installation cases, the length of the anchor bolt 26 can be between about 7 inches (7 ,,) to about 18 忖 (18 ,,) 52 200401860 发明, description of the invention, and moving. In some applications, holes (not clearly shown) can be formed in an asphalt or mixed soil to accommodate each other! Miaogu bolts 26. Various types of adhesive materials can also be placed in the holes to pin the pins The bolt 26 is fixed in position. The misalignment screw inspection% preferably does not extend significantly on the top of the relevant nut 27. It can be used to install a concrete and asphalt anchoring part and other fasteners that use the 5-month principle here. It is available from Hilti Inc. at P · 〇 · B〇x 2U48 Tulsa, 0klahQma 74121. Each can be separated in a direction extending towards the first end of the energy absorbing system 20 A deflector or slope 136 is attached to each of the outboard anchoring assemblies u0e_10 UOg. The slope 136 extends from the mounting guide 114 to the level of the ground or the base plate 112. The deflection plate or slope 136 has a Function. If a vehicle impacts the side 132 near the external anchor assembly 110o-110g, the deflection plate 136 will prevent the wheel from directly impacting or engaging the external anchor assembly 11 Oe-110g. The slope 136 is also The first end 121 plays a role in the collision 15 and makes the energy absorber The structure collapses, as described in more detail below. When the energy absorption system 120 is configured in its first position, the frame extension 80d_80g is preferably configured next to the relevant plate support frame 60d_60g. It can be used satisfactorily Various types of mechanical fasteners such as bolts 88 are used to attach the frame extension 80d-80g and the plate support frame 60d-60g. If a carrier punch 20 hits the second side 132 adjacent to the frame extension 80d-80g The relevant momentum or kinetic energy will be transferred from the frame extension 80d-80g to the outboard anchor assembly i1oc-110g and from the respective hooks 117 to the adjacent plate support frame 60d_60f, the guide 209 and Energy absorption assembly 186. 53 200401860 玖, description of the outboard anchor assembly 110e-110g is particularly useful when the second side 132 is impacted by a higher vehicle such as a small truck. Refer to Figure 21 for the impact. Usually located on the upper right plate 160, and tends to rotate the frame extension 80f and the plate support frame 60f counterclockwise along the rails 208, 209. This rotation may transfer the poor roll effect to the impacted vehicle. Fishing ln can prevent 5 rotations, so as far as possible Reduce the rollover of the vehicle. Redirect the impacted vehicle to the road in an upright state. An energy absorption system with wing extensions formed in accordance with the principles of the present invention can be expanded from about 24 inches (24 ") wide to accommodate Any width required for a wide curbside hazard. In the embodiment represented by the energy absorption system 120, the second portion 132b of the second side 132 preferably includes a wing extension. The wing extension of the second portion 132b may be partially formed by a plurality of plate support frames or wing extension support frames 360 and a conventional W-beam barrier plate 260 such as a No. 10 guardrail. In some applications, the length of the plate 260 may vary in increments of about 28 inches (28 ") to about 280" (280 "). The plate 260 preferably extends from the relevant plate 160 for approximately 15 degrees at approximately the same degree. See Figure 20. A plate support frame labeled 360h-360m can be placed between the end points of columns 188 and 189 and an associated roadside dangerous object. See Figures 19A, 20 and 24. The plate support frame 360h-360m can be securely attached to an asphalt or concrete foundation (not explicitly shown) or otherwise securely attached in place. The number of 20-plate support frames 360 may vary depending on the width of a relevant roadside dangerous object and the distance between the roadside dangerous object and the guides 208 and 209. In some applications, the plate support frame 360h-360m can be installed in the center of about 28 inches (28 ,,). In some applications, each of the plate support frames 36 may have a portion of the boundary through the respective posts 362, the wing extension base plate 364, and the brackets or pull bars 366 200401860. Description of the invention The branches are arranged in an angular configuration. A plurality of misalignment screws can be used to firmly bond the base plate 364 and the related concrete foundation. Each column may have, for example, a cross section and dimensions related to a typical highway guardrail support column phantom beam. The base plate 364 may be formed of the same material and have a size similar to that of the cross bar 24. The brackets may also be formed from -I beams or other suitable types of highway structural materials. The energy absorbing system 120 shown in Fig. 20 may include a splicing portion 262 located between the overlapped plates · adjacent to the plate support frame 36oj. In some applications, X extensions can be provided with plates, and the length of these plates corresponds to the distance between the 160 points of the plate and a related roadside dangerous object, so the splicing portion 262 is no longer needed. In addition, the plate supporting frame 36o and the plate 26o can be pre-assembled (not clearly shown) and sent to the work site to be installed as a complete unit. A pre-assembled modular base unit and one or more pre-assembled wing extensions can be used to quickly install an energy absorption system near a roadside hazard. 15 An energy absorbing system with wing extensions can be formed in accordance with the principles of the present invention, wherein other types of support posts or support structures associated with highway guardrail safety systems are used to secure the wing extensions in place. The invention is not limited to the sheet support frame 360. The wing extension formed in accordance with the principles of the present invention can use a large push-to-shrink ratio for related roadside dangerous objects and energy absorption assemblies. As a result, 20 can significantly reduce the overall length of an associated energy absorbing system, while providing the same or higher safety for an impacted vehicle and its personnel. In some applications, a generally C-shaped passage may be attached to the plate support frame 360. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 23, the c-shaped passage 368 may be disposed between the lower plate 260 and the associated post 362. The bolt 37 can be used satisfactorily to attach 55 200401860. Description of the invention Plate 260 and associated C-shaped passage 368 and post 362. In some applications, the c-shaped channel 368 provides the required strength to allow the associated wing extension to resist surface impact. In some applications, a c-shaped channel (not shown) can also be installed between the upper plate 260 and the associated post 362. In some applications, it may be best to use an 8 "(8 '') deep via. The passage 368 preferably extends the full length of the set of plates. The plate 160 is preferably slidably coupled to the respective plate extension 80d-80g in substantially the same manner as described above for the plate support frame 60. Starting from the plate support frame 360j, the conventional trade beam 26o can be firmly attached 10 and mounted on the plate support frame 360h-360m. The number of plate support frames 36o and the number of plates 260 can be changed according to the distance between columns 188 and 189 and related roadside hazards. The respective braided joints 28 may be arranged between the plate 160 and the related braces 26o on the plate support frame 360j. If plates 160 and / or 260 are hit during a side impact, a 15-stroke vehicle will be redirected back to the adjacent road and away from the relevant curbside hazard. Depending on the position of the lateral impact, the impact of the carrier can be directly transferred from the panel i 60 to the adjacent panel support frame 60 or the panel extension 80 and then to the panel support frame 60. Since the plate 160 is usually hit at a high place, the plate support frame 60 will attempt to rotate. However, the plate support frame 60 can be prevented from rotating on the guides 208 and 209 by the protrusions or tabs 67 extending inwardly under the beam guides. Referring to FIG. 23 ', the impact of the carrier during the side impact can be directly transmitted from the w-beam plate 260 to the adjacent plate support frame 36o_36om. The plate support frame 36〇h_36〇m 56 200401860 can be prevented by the related bracket 366 and the base plate 364. Description of the invention. Both the cross bar 24 and the base plate 264 can be bent or deformed due to a lateral impact. Therefore, this system can "yield" by deforming the crossbar 24 and the base plate 3 64 during a lateral impact. Just like the collapse effect of this system in the early stage of collision, this kind of "yield" during side or side impact can reduce the deceleration force applied to the side 5 impact vehicle. System 120, 120a and 420— It is generally held in its position after a redirecting side or side impact. The schematic diagrams in Figures 24 and 25 show various characteristics of the energy absorption system 120a. The energy absorption system 120a includes a first One end 121 and a second 10 end 122c disposed adjacent to a related roadside dangerous object (not clearly shown). The first ends 121 of the energy absorption systems 120 and 120a may have approximately the same configuration and size. Energy The absorption system 12 (^ also includes a first side Ulc and a second side 132. The first side 131c can be described as having a left side expansion. The second side 132 can be described as having a right side expansion. The energy absorption system 12〇a In the representative embodiment, the first side 13 1 c and the second side 132 may have approximately the same configuration and size except for the left side expansion and the right side expansion of each of the 15 sides. Partially, the endpoints of the columns 188 and 189 The distance from a related roadside dangerous object is The second side 132 of the basic energy absorbing systems 120 and 120a may also have approximately the same configuration and size. Various components of the energy absorbing system 120a may be approximately 20 symmetrically configured with respect to the center line 13. The first side 13 lc and the second side 132 extend parallel to each other along at least a part of the associated guide rails 208 and 209. The first portion 131a of the first side 131 and the first portion 132a of the second side 132 are along each other At least a portion of the line 130 extends approximately in parallel from the first end 121. The first portion 131b of the first side 131 (: can be disposed at about the same angle relative to the first portion i3la. 57th 200401860 玖, description of the invention The second portion 132b of the two sides U2 can be disposed at about the same angle relative to the first portion U2a. When the amount absorption system 120a is in its first position, the slide hole 40 can be slidably arranged to face the approaching vehicle On the first end 121. The second end 122c of the energy absorption system 5 U0a may be arranged adjacent to a large and wide roadside dangerous object (not shown). The second end of the first side l31c 12. The second end 122b of the second side 132 may be attached to a concrete barrier or a conventional barrier system (Not clearly shown) other parts. The portion 13 of the first side 131c and the portion 132b of the second side 132 may be arranged at about the same 10 angles with respect to the longitudinal centerline 13. Immediately next to the plate The supporting frame 60c, the portion 13 1b of the first side 13 1C, and the portion 132 b of the second side 132 may be arranged at an angle of about 7 degrees (7 °) with respect to the portions 13 la and 132a. As above As described for the energy absorbing system 120, the second part 13 lb on the first side 13b preferably includes a second group of plate support frames 3600h_15 360 claws and a plurality of plates 260 firmly attached thereto . As shown in FIG. 25, the pair of side extensions 80f are preferably disposed on opposite sides of the plate support frame 60f. The relevant plate 160 can be slidably attached to the respective side extension 80f. When an impacted vehicle strikes the first end 121 of the energy absorbing system 120, 120a, the slider 40 will move and the energy absorbing assembly will engage. The 20-piece support frame 60a-60b moves along the guides 208, 209, and the attached plate 160 expands and contracts along the guide rail axis, as described above. As the skid continues to move along the guide rail, the plate support frames 60c-60f will similarly start moving sequentially along the guide rail. When the plate support frame 60c moves to the second end 122, the plate 160cc (see FIG. 19B) is stretched and retracted above the plate l60dd. 58 200401860 发明. Description of the invention The plate 160 changes its orientation with respect to the guides 208 and 209, becoming less parallel and more vertical. The coupling between the adapter plate 74 and the strap 166 causes the plate to bend and change orientation to increase the angle relative to the centerline 13 °. The sliding connection formed by the slot plate 17 (see Figure 15) allows the downstream end of the plate to be decoupled due to the first end punching 5 times to further help the plate change its orientation. The frame extensions 80d-80g are generally moved in association with the respective associated plate support frames 60d-60g. The frame extension moves in a direction generally parallel to the guides 208,209. Each of the hooks 117 (see Fig. 22) moves in association with a respective frame extension. The hook 117 moves to the second end 122 (to the right of 10 in the orientation in FIG. 22) and moves below its initial mounting guide 114. Each hook 117 is disengaged from the respective guide plate Π 4 and continues its movement, and contacts the downstream slope 136. Hook 117 rides on slope 136, lifting its associated plate extension and plate support frame. As shown in FIG. 21, there is a vertical gap between the tab 67 and the guide rails 208, 209, in which the plate support frame 60 can be slightly raised from the guide 15 so that the hook 117 can be raised on the slope 136. Referring again to FIG. 22, when the plate support frame continues to move along the guide rail, the 'hook slides along the top of the mounting guide from the slope and then falls from the trailing or downstream edge of the mounting guide 114. The hook moves further downstream and touches the next ramp and repeats the procedure. 20 As shown in Figure 19A, the external load anchoring assembly li〇e-ii〇g is further separated from the guide rail in the direction of vehicle flow. Therefore, a hook 117 (such as a hook connected to the frame extension 80e) can pass between the guide rail 209 and an outboard anchor assembly (such as the outboard anchor assembly 110g) without crossing the slope 136. The slope 136 preferably has a push-like inner edge 136a facing the guide (see FIG. 25). By 59 200401860 玖, the hook 117 of the invention can contact the inner edge 13 and be forced to go to the guide rail. The outboard anchor assembly located downstream can be sufficiently separated to avoid the hook 117 on an upstream plate from contacting the outboard anchor assembly downstream. In the example, as shown in FIG. 24, 'the hook is coupled to the plate support frame 60e, and rides on the slope on the outboard anchor assembly 110f through its associated frame 5 extension 80e, and is anchored by the outboard The assembly is between 110g. Therefore, the outboard anchoring assembly does not interfere with the nose-to-collision collapse of the system when it is operating during a lateral shock to the energy absorbing system. The push-in inner edge on the same side as the web 116a 36a is also used as a 10 visual reference to ensure that the web U6a is in the inboard position and does not interfere with the action of the hook 117 during the impact of the first end 121 . Because the portion 131b of the first side 131c and the portion 132b of the second side 132 have an angle with respect to the guidance and even an angle with respect to the direction of the traffic flow in many environments, it is necessary to strengthen the plate 160 to reduce a vehicle as much as possible. Possibility of passing 15 plates. At least one cable assembly and preferably two or more cable assemblies may be coupled to at least a portion of the first and / or second side of the skid assembly 40 and an associated energy absorption system. Each cable assembly may include one or more cables, multiple cable clamps, and multiple clamping plates. As shown in Figs. 19A and 24-28B, the first winding 501 and the first winding 502 may extend longitudinally from the plate support frame 360h to the relevant slide assembly 40 along the relevant plate 160. Various techniques, such as the cable clamp fixture 510, can be used to secure the free ends of the cables 501 and 502 to the respective posts 362 in the wing extension. See Figure 27. The first cable 5 (H may extend on the first side 131c along the plate toward the first end m (see FIG. 24) 60 200401860 发明, description of the invention. On the plate support frame 60a, the first cable 501 By diagonally extending to the position of the plate support frame 60a, it is bridged on the guides 208 and 209 to cover the upright portion on the second end 42 of the skid assembly 40 and Winding back to the wing extension on the first side. The second cable 502 follows a similar path along the second side 132 and can be wrapped around a relatively upright portion of the second end 42 of the skid assembly 40 and Diagonally extending across to a position immediately adjacent to the plate support frame 6 ^ The first line 5 01 and the second line 5 0 2 provide additional tensile support to help the respective first side 131 and the first The two sides 132 resist lateral impact. In some applications, the 'cables 501 and 502 may be about 0. 5 inch diameter cord. 10 The first cable 501 and the second cable 502 provide additional anchoring and tensile strength to allow the respective sides 13 1, 13, 1 c, and 132 to satisfactorily guide another one by about 20 degrees (20 .) The angular impact is approximately 7 degrees (7.) The vehicle with the angularly expanded sides 131, 131 (), and / or 132 sections. From a downstream position close to the plate support frame 36oh to a respective upright portion associated with the skid assembly 40, the cables 50 丨 and 502 15 can be threadedly connected to the respective plate 160 Between the post. Each of the windings 501 and 502 can then be returned to the plate supporting frame 360h through the lower part of the plate. Figures 28A and 28B show the portion of the cable 502 adjacent to the frame extension 80d. In this embodiment, the respective clamping plates 504 can be firmly attached to the associated bent plates 74. A generally U-shaped cable clamp 506 can be inserted through an opening 508 formed in each clamping plate 504 to fix a part of the cable 502 in a desired position relative to the plate 160 and the plate support frame 60c. . The cables 501, 502 are preferably coupled to the respective plate support frames 60a-60c and the frame extensions 80d-80g. The end of the cable can be coupled to the most downstream frame extension 61 200401860 发明, description of the invention, or to the roadside danger itself. The cable may also extend into the wing extension plate 260. In the energy absorbing system 420 shown in Figs. 30 and 31, it is shown that the expansion effect of the first side 431 and the second side 432 can start from the first end 121. The energy 5 absorption system 420 is another example of an energy S absorption system with asymmetric sides formed in accordance with the principles of the present invention. A plurality of split plate support frames 460a-460I can be used with the energy absorption system 420 to allow the respective sides 431 and 432 to expand at various angles and accommodate various widths as needed. The split plate support frames 46 ° and 10 460b can be slidably attached to the guide 208. The split plate support frame 460o460i can be slidably attached to the guide rail 209. The relevant dimensions and configuration of the split plate support frame 460 can be changed as needed to accommodate the angle or expansion of the respective sides 43 and 431. It is also possible to provide a separate external pin assembly for each of the divided plate support frames 460 as required. 15 You can use cables such as 501 and 502 above with energy absorption system 42. The hinge 430 couples the sides 431, 432 to the first end 121 of the energy absorption system 42. The pin hinge 430 can move the sides 431, 432 to a desired angle. For each side, the hinges are coupled to the straps 166 and to the first end uprights 41, 43 of the slide 20 assembly within the plate 160. The uprights may be corner posts, like the uprights 44, 45 on the downstream side of the skid assembly. The hinge 430 serves not only as a hinge ′ during the installation of the energy absorbing system 420 but also as a hinge during the impact of a carrier with the first end 121. When the slide-like assembly 40 moves along the guides 208 and 209, the plate 160 produces 62 200401860 玖 on each side. The angle of the invention description changes according to the hinge 430 and changes with the center line 130. The angle of each side relative to the guides 208, 209 and the opposite side can be adjusted independently by the split plate support frame. The first side 431 has a set of parallel support frames by splitting the plate support frame 'and is independent of the set of plate support frames connected to the second side 432. The split plate support frame can also be used as an alternative to the plate extensions 80 of the systems 120, 120a of Figures 19A and 24. Figure 31 shows an example of a split plate support frame that can be used with the present invention in a satisfactory manner. The split plate support frame 46oh can be slidably joined or slidably arranged on the guide rail 209 and the external load anchoring assembly. The external load stiff assembly 110h provides additional support for the split plate support frame 460h. The split plate support frame 460 may have two components 461 and 462. In some applications, each of the split plate support frames 46o may include separate first components 4 61 having the same overall dimensions and dimensions. The configuration and size of the second component 462 can be changed to accommodate the expansion or separation between the sides 431 and 432 and the respective guides 208 and 209. Each split sheet support frame 46o may include a respective post 468 having a size and overall configuration corresponding to the post 68 or 69 of the sheet support frame 60. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 31, each component 20 461h and 462h can be described as having a generally triangular cross section or configuration. As shown in Fig. 31, the split plate supporting frame 460c can be simply supported on the guide 209 and the respective outboard anchor assemblies 110h. During an impact with the side of the plate 160, the hook U7 and the outboard anchor assembly can prevent the fragmented plate support frame from moving to the guide rail 209. The external load misalignment can be engaged by the hook 117 63 200401860 玖, description of the assembly 110h and the first component 461h supported on the guide 209 to prevent the split plate support frame from rotating, and thus prevent the plate 160 from rotating. During an impact with the first end 121 of the system 420, the split plate frame is moved away from the overboard anchor assembly 110 and slides along the guide rail toward the second end 122. 5 As shown in the split plate frame 460c_460g shown in Figure 30, the split plate frame can be used without the first component 461, in which the second component is supported on the guide. The first component 461 forms an inwardly extending portion and is used on the split plate support frames 460a-460b, 460h-460i. 10 The split plate support frames 460j-460n use the first component 461 as a leg. The first module 461 extends downward to support the ground (see the dotted line in Fig. 31). The first component 461 is bolted to the bottom of the second component 462. Various configurations of the frame can be supported using split plates. Figure 30 is for demonstration purposes only. The split plate support frame supports these plates 16 and 15 to resist lateral impact by cooperating with the external load anchoring assembly 11 0, and allows the system to move along the center during an impact on the first end 121. Line 13 moves. The divergence of each side can be adjusted independently of the other sides. In Fig. 30, the side 431 has a larger divergence than the side 432. Although the invention has been described in detail, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the scope of the patent application. [Brief description of the drawings] You can refer to the drawings, the drawings and the following description for a more complete understanding of the present invention, where similar numbers represent similar characteristics, in the figure: 64 200401860 玖, description of the invention 1 JS | A schematic diagram of an energy absorption system located near one end of a roadside dangerous object; the schematic diagram of FIG. 2 is a plan view showing the energy absorption system of FIG. 1 and a specific portion of the roadside dangerous object cut away; 5 of FIG. 3 The schematic diagram shows an energy absorbing assembly and a knife blade to make it special. (W / 7 cut isometric diagram, where the energy absorption assembly has a plurality of energy absorption elements and supporting beams using the principles of the present invention; the schematic diagram of FIG. 4 shows the line 4-4 along the line of FIG. 3 A section view of a specific part cut-out, where the box beam type cross section of the energy absorption assembly is shown; 10 The schematic diagram of FIG. 5 shows the isometric view of the energy absorption assembly of FIG. 3 with the specific part cut away. After the energy absorbing element has been cut or torn while absorbing energy from the impact of the carrier; FIG. 6 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a specific part of the energy absorbing assembly cut by another embodiment of the present invention; 15 FIG. 7 The exploded schematic diagram of is an isometric view of another embodiment with a specific portion cut away, wherein the energy absorption assembly includes an energy absorption element that gradually becomes thicker along the length of the related energy absorption assembly to make use of the impact Ά An increasing deceleration or braking force of a car stops an impacted car; the schematic diagram of FIG. 8 is an isometric view of an energy absorbing element cut through a specific portion 20 thereof, which has a plurality of cutouts to exhaust Reduce the damage to light weight motor vehicles during the period of impact with an energy absorption assembly; The schematic diagram in Figure 9A shows another energy absorption system installed near a roadside dangerous object using the principles of the present invention to specify it Partially cut-away plan; 65 200401860 玖, Inventive Figure 9B is not intended to show that a motorized vehicle has cut or cut off a specific part of it after a collision or impact with %% of Figure 9A; 9C The figure is not intended to show a plan view of another energy absorption system installed near one end of a dangerous object on the 5 sides of a road using the principle of the present invention; the more detailed schematic diagram of FIG. 10 shows that the energy absorption systems of FIGS. 9A and 9B will A front view of a specific part of the car; a schematic view of FIG. 11 shows a skid assembly and other components located on the end of the energy absorption system of FIG. 10 opposite to the roadside dangerous object. An isometric drawing of a cut; the schematic diagram of FIG. 12 is an isometric drawing of a specific part of the slipper assembly related to the energy absorption system of FIG. 10; the schematic diagram of FIG. 13 is Fig. 21 shows a sectional view of a specific part of the skid assembly on the opposite side of the oncoming vehicle; 15 The diagram of Fig. 14 shows the skid assembly and blade related to the energy absorption system of Fig. 10 And the isometric view of the slope assembly with its specific part cut away. The schematic diagram of Figure 15 shows the use of the principle of the present invention to cut through a specific part of the overlapping plate arranged along one side of the energy absorption system of Figure 10. Fig. 16 is an isometric view; Fig. 16 is a schematic view showing one of the plate supporting frames and the attached plate with one of the related parts of the energy absorbing system shown in Fig. 10 being cut away; The schematic diagram is a cross-sectional view of a first upstream plate and a second downstream plate in a slidable configuration relative to each other according to the principles of the present invention, which are cut in part 66 200401860, the description of the invention; FIG. 17B Is an isometric view that can be satisfactorily used to slidably attach a slot plate and a plate support frame using the principles of the present invention; 5 The schematic diagram of FIG. 18 shows that a knife can be satisfactorily attached Board and energy absorption Exploded plan view of a component cut out of a specific part when used in conjunction with an energy absorbing system using the principles of the present invention; the intention of Figure 19A is not to show that it is not installed near one or more roadside dangerous objects. A schematic plan view of a specific part of an energy absorbing system with its specific section 10 cut off; the schematic diagram of FIG. 19B is an enlarged plan view of a specific section of the energy absorbing system of FIG. 19A; the schematic view of FIG. Attach the side panel to one of the energy absorption systems of Fig. 19A. The curved plate cuts off a specific part of it. Fig. 20 is a schematic view showing the energy absorption system of Fig. 19a in a front view. A cut-away side view; Figure 21 is a cross-sectional view showing a particular portion cut along line 21-21 of Figure 19A; 20 The enlarged schematic diagram of Figure 22 shows an external anchor in front view An example of the assembly is a side view of FIG. 20 with a specific portion cut away; the schematic diagram of FIG. 23 is a front view showing a specific portion cut along the line 23-23 of FIG. 19 and the figure Shows an example of a wing extension substrate, support column and tie bar; 67 200401860 玖, the illustration of the description of the invention 、, the diagram is a plan view showing the formation of an energy absorption system with a generally symmetrical configuration according to the principles of the present invention, · Figure 25 shows a different view along the line of Figure 26; Figure 26 shows a plate that slides relative to each other and a plate that cannot slide relative to each other during a vehicle impact A plan view of a turning part between the sheets; the schematic diagram of FIG. 27 is a front view showing a specific part thereof cut along the line of FIG. ^; 10 the schematic diagram of FIG. 28A is a diagram showing energy absorption according to the principle of the present invention A plan view of a cable coupled to one side of the system with its specific portion cut away; the schematic diagram of FIG. 28B is a front view showing the slow line of the figure taken and the relevant consumable portion with its specific portion cut away; The schematic diagram of the figure is a front view showing an example of a 1⁄2 joint of a slidable plate and a non-monthly plate that can be connected by force. The schematic diagram of FIG. 30 shows that there is an inconsistency in using the principles of the present invention. Plan view of a specific part of another energy absorbing system with a flexible configuration; FIG. 31 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a split plate 20 supporting frame and an external anchoring assembly using the principle of the present invention. A cutaway view of a specific section. 68 200401860 Chopping, invention description [Representative symbol table of main elements of the drawing] 20,20a, 120,120a, 320,420 ". Energy absorption system 21, 121 ... First end 22, 122, 122c of energy absorption system ... Second end 24 of energy absorption system ... Cross bar 26 ... Anchor bolt 3 0 ... Slope assembly 3 2 ... Slope 34 ... Feet 36, 46 ... Push-like surfaces 38, 214, 216, 220, 222, 224 ... Connector 40,340 ... Slider assembly 41 ... First end upright part 42,43,44,45 ... Corner post 4 7 ... Downstream end 48,49 of slide sample assembly ... Side 50,53,368 ~ ( ： Shape passages 5 1, 5 2 ... bottom pull bar 54 ... guide assembly 55 ... plates 56,57, 66, 67--tabs 58, 59 ... steering gear 60a-60e, 360, 360h-360m. " Plate support frame 63, 64, 65, 70, 71, 314… Crossing bar 72,172… Hole 74… Bent or connecting plate 74a ·· The first side of the connecting plate 74b ··· The second part 76… Corner angle 80, 80d-80g ... Frame extension 8 3 ... Nose cover 86, 180, 186, 486 ~ Energy absorption assembly 90, 190, 190 &, 1901 ^ _. Support beams 92, 116, 116 &, 192. " Webs 94,96,194,196 ". Grip or flange

9 8 ... Pixicapsine L 100, 142, 152, 152a, 152b, 152c, 152d, 152e, 152f, 200, 402, 404, 406, 408, 410, 412 ... Energy absorption elements

69 200401860 发明, Description of Invention 101, 161a, 161b, 161d5161e, 201… First end 102… Slot 103, 370 ... Bolt 104, 416, 418 ... Spacer 106, 206 ... Blade 107, 109 ... Cut edge or tear edge 110e-110g, 10h ... outboard anchor assembly 112 ... substrate 114,268 ... guide plate 117 ... hook 118 ... gap 122a ... second end 122b on the first side ... second end 130 on the second side ... center line 131, 131c, 431… the first side 13 la… the first section 13 1 b… the first section 132, 432… the second side 132 a… the first section 132 b on the second side… the second section on the second side 13 6 ... Deflection plate or slope 136a ... Push-shaped inner edge 141, 142, 148, 149. " Top pull bar 143, 144, 145, 146, 147 ... Diagonal pull bar 154 ... Clearance or Cutting zone 160, 160a, 160b, 160c, 160d, 160e, 160f, 160bb, 160cc, 160d ... Plate 161 ... First end 161a, 162a, 161b, 162b, 161d, 162d ... End 161c ... upstream End 162 ... The second end of the plate i62e ... Downstream end 166 ... Metal strips 167, 168, 169, 198a, 198b, 422, 424 ... Mechanical fasteners 170 ... Slot plates 174, 176 ... · Refer to 18 Bu ·· The first edges 181a-181d, 182a-182d, 181f, 182f ... the longitudinal edges 182 of the plate ... the second edges 184 ... the recesses 187 ... the first end of the energy absorbing assembly 18 8, 18 9 · · · Columns. Ά 70 200401860 发明, Description of the invention 202 ... · Center line slot 43 0 ... Drum key 204 ... ^ ^ # 4 3 2 ... Side 208, 209 ... Guides 460a-460i ... Split Plate 211 ... first leg frame 212 ... second leg 4 61 ... first component 260 ... overlapping plate 461h, 462h ... component 262 ... braided portion 4 6 2 ... second component 308 ... concrete Foundation 501 ... First cable 310 ... Roadside danger 502 ... Second cable 362, 468 ... Pillar 504 ... Cooling plate 364 ... Wing extension base plate 506 ... U-shaped cable clamp 3 6 6 ... Bracket or tie bar 508 ... Opening 382 ... Impact plate or impact wall 510 ... Cable clamp fastener

71

Claims (1)

200401860 Scope of application and patent application 1. An energy absorption system for minimizing the collision result between a moving vehicle and a roadside dangerous object, including at least one guide member having a first end and A second end; the first end of the η guide is correspondingly immediately adjacent to the first end of the vehicle facing one of the vehicles; a first group of plate support frames, which can be slidably arranged to the guide The first group of plate support frames, which are separated from each other and are firmly anchored at the respective positions 10 between the second end of the guide and the roadside dangerous object; a first group of plates, It is slidably attached to the plate support frame of the first group, whereby the plate support frame of the first group and the related group of plates are caused when a carrier impacts the first end of the system. Collapse towards the second end of the guide; 15 a second group of plates that are securely attached to the second group of plate support frames, whereby the second group of plate support frames and related The plates of the second group resist the impact of the carrier; and the plate supporting frame and phase of the second group The sheet of the second group based at least a portion configured with respect to the guide member at an angle. 20 2. The energy absorbing system according to item 丨 of the patent application scope, further comprising at least two plates attached to each plate supporting frame. 3. The energy absorbing system according to item 1 of the patent application scope, further comprising a first side and a second side extending approximately longitudinally between the first end and a second end immediately adjacent to the roadside dangerous object. 72 200401860 Patent application scope 4 · The energy absorption system of item 1 of the patent application scope, wherein the first group of plate support frames further includes: each plate support frame has a generally rectangular configuration; and the The related first group of plates are attached to opposite sides of the first group of plate support frames, respectively. 5. The energy absorbing system according to item 丨 of the patent application scope, further comprising at least one energy absorbing assembly disposed adjacent to the guide member. 6. The energy absorbing system according to item 1 of the patent application scope, further comprising: the energy absorbing system having a first position in which each of the plate supporting frames of the first group of plate supporting frames and adjacent plates The sheet support frames are longitudinally separated; the first group of sheet support frames and related sheets form a series of bays extending longitudinally from the first end of the guide to the second end; a plurality of second bay panels The panels are partially defined by the selected panels, and wherein the selected panels have their respective first ends firmly attached to the first panel support frame and the panels of the two bay panels are Slidably attached to two sheet support frames disposed downstream of the first sheet support frame; and at least one single bay sheet defined by a second sheet support frame, of which five selected sheets The first end is securely attached and the plates of the single bay plate are slidably attached to only one plate support frame disposed downstream of the second plate support frame. 7. The energy absorption system of item 1 of the scope of patent application, further comprising a distance of about 14 inches from the first end of the system relative to the guide 73 200401860. The scope of the patent application extends at an angle. At least part of the plate of the first group. 8. The energy absorption system according to item [Scope of claim], further comprising a first side which extends longitudinally between the first end and a second end; a first side which is connected to the first side The first side is spaced apart and extends longitudinally between the first end and a second end immediately adjacent to the roadside dangerous object; the first side extends substantially parallel to the guide; and 10 15 20 the second side The support frame of the second group and a part of the plates of the related second group are arranged at an angle relative to the guide. 9. The energy absorption system of item 1 of the scope of patent application, further comprising: the brother side, whose general king extends longitudinally between a first end and a second end that is longitudinally separated from the first end; Two sides, which are separated from the first side and extend approximately longitudinally between the first crest and a second end immediately adjacent to the roadside dangerous object; the first side has a first-end immediately adjacent to the first-end of the system One end; the second end of the first side is coupled to one end of a concrete barrier; the second side includes the supporting frame of the second group and the related second group of plates arranged at the angle relative to the guide a part. 10. The energy absorption system of item i in the scope of patent application, further comprising: a first side which extends longitudinally between a first end and a second end which is arranged next to the roadside dangerous object; --- Brother two sides' It is separated from the first side and extends longitudinally between a first end and a second end immediately adjacent to the roadside dangerous object; the first end of the first side and the first The first end of the two sides is in close proximity to the first end of the system 74 2 200401860. The first end of the patent application system is located next to the first end of the second side and the first end of the second side is separated by a first distance from each other. The second end of the first side and the second end of the second side are separated from each other by a distance at least twice the distance of the first end. u. The energy absorbing system according to item 1 of the patent application scope, wherein the at least-guide further comprises a pair of guides. 12. If the energy absorption system of item 1 of the patent application scope, the step further includes at least one portion of the first group of plates arranged at an angle with respect to the guide member, wherein the plates of the first group The sheet and the second group of sheets form a barrier of approximately consecutive success. 13. The energy absorption system according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, further comprising: a first side, which extends longitudinally between the first end of the system and a second end disposed next to the roadside dangerous object; first Side, which is spaced from the first side and extends longitudinally between the first end of the system and a second end of a dangerous object configuration immediately adjacent to the curb; the first side extends substantially parallel to the guide; The first side includes a part of the 20th group of plates disposed at an angle with respect to the guide; the first side includes the first group of plates disposed at the angle with respect to the guide Part of the film. 14'type impact buffers for minimizing collision results between _ vehicles and-roadside dangerous objects, including ... 75 200401860 Pick up, patent application scope-energy absorption assembly 'in a first direction from A first end of the impact buffer extends;-a sliding rubber assembly located at the mth operable to move in the first direction to absorb energy from a carrier impacting the first end; a first group A second group of plates extending from the first end in the first direction; a first group of plates and The plates of the second group are separated from each other and are disposed on opposite sides of the energy absorbing assembly; and at least a part of the plates & are configured to extend at an angle from the first direction, wherein The distance between the plate of the first group and the plate of the second group is increased in the first direction. 15. The impact buffer according to item 14 of the application, wherein the energy absorbing assembly further comprises two substantially parallel and spaced-apart channels extending from the first end in the first direction. M. The impact buffer according to item 14 of the patent application scope, further comprising: a plurality of plate support frames extending from the first end in the first direction; a first group of plate support frames, which can Operate to collapse towards the first direction when a vehicle impacts the slippery assembly;-the second group of plates μ, which extend from the energy absorption assembly to the roadside dangerous object; the second group of The plate support frames are separated from each other and stably staggered 76 200401860 The patent application scope is in the position; and the plate support frames cooperate with the plates to guide a carrier impacting either side of the impact buffer . 17. The impact buffer according to item 14 of the patent application, wherein ... 5 a plurality of support frames are spaced apart from each other and extend from the first end of the impact buffer; each plate includes a portion extending from a position close to the upstream end to A slot close to the downstream end; the side plates are configured to be coupled to the supporting 10 frame wood '50 hai and other overlapping plates in an overlapping manner, including the upstream end of one plate and another plate The downstream end of the plate, wherein the upstream end of the one plate is fixedly fastened to one of the support frames by a fastener; and the fastener includes a raised portion which is close to the other plate The downstream end of the sheet is received by the groove. 15 18 · The energy absorbing system according to item 14 of the patent, further comprising: a plurality of support frames spaced apart from each other and extending from the first end of the impact buffer; One has a first side and a second side; and two plates attached to the first side and the other two plates attached to the second side. 19. The energy absorption system according to claim 14 of the patent scope, further comprising: at least one slow wire assembly which is firmly attached to the skid assembly; the winding assembly is summarized from the sliding in the first direction Extension of skid assembly 77 200401860 Position; and (a) the position of the flap supporting frame is where it meets the other panels at this angle The required tension is maintained on the sheet. Cooperate with each other to be on the board of the related group when the slider is on one end. If the impact buffer of item 19 of the patent application range, the steps further include: First, the line assembly, which is stable A support frame that engages the skid assembly and is disposed on the impact buffer including an opposite side extending in the first direction to the other side; and the skid assembly and the second cable assembly each other 21. The impact buffer according to item 14 of the patent application, further comprising: a longitudinal axis, which extends from the first direction in the first direction. The first end extends; and the plates of the first group and the plates of the second group are arranged relative to the longitudinal axis in a generally symmetrical configuration. 22. The impact buffer according to item 14 of the scope of patent application, further comprising: a longitudinal axis extending from the first end in the first direction; and plates that violate the first group and plates of the second group The sheets are arranged in a generally asymmetric configuration with respect to the longitudinal axis. 23 · —A kind of energy used to minimize the collision result between a moving vehicle and a roadside dangerous object 3: an absorption system, the energy absorption system includes: a first end and a second end, wherein the first end The two ends and a roadside danger 78 200401860 The dangerous objects are located adjacent to each other in the scope of patent application and patent application, and the first end extends longitudinally from the roadside dangerous object toward the approaching vehicle in a first direction; a first side and a The second side is separated from each other and extends between the first end and the second end of the system; 5 at least one wing extension is disposed between the at least one energy absorption assembly and the roadside dangerous object; the first At least part of one side and the second side are arranged at an angle with respect to each other, whereby an interval between the first side and the second side on the second end is made larger than the first side on the first end The distance between one side and the second side 10; and at least one energy absorbing assembly is disposed on the first end of the energy absorbing system, and the household causes the collision by a carrier and the first end to cause the The energy absorption assembly dissipates the kinetic energy of the vehicle. 24. The energy absorbing system according to item 23 of the scope of patent application, further comprising: a longitudinal axis extending from the first end to the second end; at least a part of the first side relative to the longitudinal axis by a The first angle extends; and at least a portion of the second side extends at a first angle relative to the longitudinal axis. 25. The energy absorbing system according to item 24 of the Zhong 5 luxury patent scope, further comprising that the first angle is approximately equal to the second angle. 6. The energy absorption system of claim 24, further including that the first angle is greater than the second angle. 27. If the energy absorption system of item 23 of the scope of patent application, further includes 79,200,408,186, the first side of the patent application scope beginning at the first end extends at an angle relative to the longitudinal axis . 28. The energy absorbing system according to item 23 of the patent application scope, further comprising: the first side from the first end extends at a first angle of 5 with respect to the longitudinal axis; and the from the first end The second side extends at an angle with respect to the longitudinal axis. 29. The energy absorbing system according to item 23 of the patent application scope, further comprising that the first side and the second side have an approximately asymmetric relationship with each other. 1 0 3 0 rfc · ° The energy absorption system of the 23rd aspect of Shen Qing's patent scope further includes that the first side and the second side have a generally symmetrical relationship with each other. 3 1 · The energy absorbing system according to item 23 of the patent application scope, further comprising the first side having at least one wing extension. 32. The energy absorbing system according to item 23 of the patent application scope, further comprising: 15 the first side has a respective wing extension; and the dhai side has a respective wing extension. • The energy absorbing system according to item 23 of the patent application, further comprising: at least one wing extension is formed in part by a conventional W-beam guardrail panel; and 20 a plurality of panel support frames. 3 4 • The energy absorbing system according to item 33 of the patent application, wherein each plate supporting frame further includes a supporting column, a supporting plate, and a bracket disposed at an angle between the supporting plate and the supporting column. 3 5 types of impact buffers for minimizing collisions between a vehicle and a roadside dangerous object 80 200401860 The results of the patent application, including:-Energy absorption assembly 'from the impact in the _th_ direction A first end of the buffer member extends; the plates of the first group are located on the side of the energy absorption assembly and generally extend from the first end in the first direction;-the plates of the second group, which Located on an opposite side of the energy absorbing assembly and generally extending from the first end in the first direction; and the plates of the first group and the plates of the second group are not along the first direction Symmetrical. 10 15 20 A If the impact buffer of item 35 of the claim range further advances, at least a part of the plates containing the first group have from the first direction to the first divergence 'and the second group's At least one part of the plate has a second divergence from the first direction, the first divergence is not equal to the second divergence. 37. An impact buffer for minimizing the impact of a collision between a vehicle and a roadside dangerous object, comprising:, a criminal absorption assembly 'its first from the impact buffer in a -th direction End extension; a plurality of plates, which are located on a first side of the energy absorbing assembly, are extended in the first direction, the plates are resistant to an impact from a carrier and the first side; … X and other plates have a first segment, and the first segment is relative to: Hai Zhuo: Orientation-First Orientation. The first segment of the plates follows the first side from the first side. One end extends to a position; and the plates have a second section, and the second section is from the phase 81 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0, the patent application scope is generally a second direction. The orientation extends, and the second segment of the plates intersects with the first segment of the plates at an angle. 38. For example, the impact buffer of item 37 of the patent, the step further includes that when a part of the energy absorbing assembly moves in the first direction, the first segments of the plates are operable to summarize in Move in this-direction. 39. If the impact buffer of item 37 of the patent application, further includes the plates of the second group, the plates of the second group are operable to move the plates of the second group when the energy absorption assembly ^ is moved in the middle. Two: Move. 10 15 4〇 · The impact buffer of item 37 of the patent application range, wherein the plates of the second group include a -removable subsection 'when the part of the energy absorption assembly moves in the -direction The movable sub-section generally moves in the first direction and also includes a fixed sub-section, wherein the movable sub-section is closer to the first end than the fixed sub-section. 41. If the impact buffer of item 37 of the patent application scope, further includes a plurality of plates' the plurality of plates are located on the second side of the energy absorption assembly opposite to the first side and summarized Extending in the first direction, the second side of the plates is asymmetrical to the first side of the plates. 42. An energy absorption system for minimizing the result of a collision between a vehicle and a roadside dangerous object, comprising:-an energy absorption assembly that extends from a first end of the system in a first direction A first side which is located on one side of the energy absorbing assembly; a second side which is located on the other side of the energy absorbing assembly 82 20 200401860 Each includes a plate, and the first and second sides each resist the impact of a vehicle on the respective first and second sides; when the field vehicle impacts the first end of the system, the first and second sides Generalize movement in the first direction; and at least a part of a first side is decoupled from the second side, so that the first side can have an orientation relative to the first direction independently of the second side Considering the impact buffer member in the scope of application for the patent No. 42, the step further includes a plate support frame which consumes the plates on the first side and the second side, and the 10th surface is closed on the first side. Part of the sheet support frame is connected with these sheet supports that are lightly connected to the two sides 44. If the impact buffer of item 43 of the scope of patent application, further includes a plate support frame that is lightly closed to the-side part, the energy absorption assembly is supported. 15 45. 2. The impact buffer member in the scope of the patent application No. 43 which couples at least one 5H, etc. to the ground on the first side. The plate support frame of ^ is supported on the basis of the patent application scope in the 43rd to the first patent scope. One side of the plate punching part 'where the planes are combined ^ The support frame is coupled to a stack of multiple 20 / fixed parts to resist the impact of the vehicle on the first side. The impact buffer that reduces the load result includes the collision-energy absorption assembly between the roadside dangerous object and the -end-end of its punch, and the impact relief from Α α from the impact. -The end of the energy 83 200401860 Pick up and apply for a patented cargo quantity absorption assembly can be moved in the first direction; plate support frame, which can be moved in the first direction; plates are attached to these The plate supports the frame and moves in the driving direction The photos diverge from the first direction when the plates extend from the first end; 1 ^ 疋 plates with attached passages; and a cable along the divergent plates The piece extends through at least one of these pathways. The line is anchored at a position facing the first end and 4 Tiangu is transported away from the first end. Ίο 15 20 48. If the scope of patent application is 47 The impact buffer further includes coupling the cables to a selected plate support frame. 49. The impact buffer of item 47 of the patent application, wherein the energy absorption assembly includes-is disposed in the A movable sliding bridge on the first end; and the cable anchored at the position facing the first end further comprises a winding of the pin to the skid. 50. For example, the impact buffer of item 47 of the patent application scope, which further includes a plate support frame such as Gu Hai, is slidably assembled to the externally-loaded tin solid part to resist rotation when the plates are impacted. 51. An impact buffer for minimizing the impact of a collision between a -vehicle and a roadside dangerous object, comprising: an energy absorbing assembly in the -th direction from the -th of the impact buffer -End extension, when a carrier impacts the first end, the energy absorbing assembly can move in the first direction; X the plate support frame, which can move in the first direction; 84 200401860 Patent range plates attached to the plate support frames that diverge from the first direction when the plates extend from the first end; and the plate support frames are slidably coupled To the anchor to resist rotation when a carrier impacts the plates. 52. The impact cushioning member according to item 51 of the application, wherein the plate support frames slidably coupled to the anchoring portion further include a bearing supported on the mass absorption assembly and coupled to an outboard anchoring portion At least one such plate supports the frame. 10 53. If the impact buffer of item 51 in the scope of the patent application, the plate support frame coupled to the anchoring portion is tied to at least one support frame on a ground and coupled to an external anchoring portion. These slidable steps include support on these plate supports 15 54. The impact buffer of item 51 in the patent scope, wherein the plate support frame which can be subtly coupled to the anchoring portion is tied into a hook in a step-by-step path, the path is oriented at the _ Orientation towel; one of the respective plate support frames 戋 the other 85