TW200400874A - Process for preparing recycled synthetic plastic material and apparatus for performing the process - Google Patents

Abstract

For preparing of recycled synthetic plastic material that is free from toxic contaminations, the material is heated within a processing chamber and, if desired, is compressed and/or crystallized, whereby contaminations present emit volatile substances. This is indicated by a sensor sensitive to these substances, which sensor continuously controls the material within the processing chamber and/or within a gas conduit connected thereto. If contaminations are noticed, the sensor causes a switching off of contaminated material from the material flow travelling through the processing chamber. An apparatus for this has a housing (2) for processing the synthetic plastic material, in which housing at least one processing tool (16) is disposed, which is driven for rotation. A sensor (28) which is sensitive to volatile substances emitted from the toxic contaminations within the processing chamber (3), checks the gases freed from the material within the processing chamber (3) or, respectively, within a gas conduit. If toxic contaminations are noticed within the material processed, a discharge opening (36) for material containing toxic contaminations is opened, which discharge opening is provided in addition to an exit opening (22).

Description

200400874 V. Description of the invention (1) "Technical Field to which the Invention belongs" The present invention relates to a process for preparing and recycling synthetic plastic materials, in particular to recycle polyethylene terephthalate (P ET) plastic materials. The nature of the material It is at least free of non-toxic pollutants. Among them, all synthetic plastic materials are placed in a processing room (for example, a shredder) and heated by at least-cir cu 1 ati ng processing tools, if condensation and / or Crystallization. Volatile substances are free of contaminants during this process. If, when these contaminants are present, the presence of these substances can be indicated by at least one sensor sensitive to these substances, in addition, the present invention also relates to a device for performing this process. "Previous Technology" The increase in the reuse of recycled synthetic plastic materials has made Hui "also used in the field of food packaging. However, at the time when synthetic plastic materials were in contact with food, it must be confirmed that there were no unwanted contaminants. Self-packaged into food. Therefore, there are many = out for recyclable use. Because contaminated synthetic plastic materials usually contain contaminants for food, in order to make recycled synthetic plastic materials === mother food packaging Without any problems. For this reason, the application process has been known. Because of A, it has been proposed] = Xue ^ ^ prly: 1S) ^ t ^ # ^ Second solution? The recycling process can be achieved by plastic materials ^ ( hydrogenahon). Among them, this chemical reacts with nitrogen under the dust. However, it is not economical to apply 200400874. V. Description of the Invention (2): and special cost of mechanical equipment, some chemical processes do have available 'Almost the advantages of synthetic plastic materials that do not contain toxic parts. In essence, the physical process is operated at substantially lower temperatures,' so the structure of the synthetic material (especially the molecular chain) is recovered Length) can be maintained. A process similar to the patent No. W 0 0 1/2 1 372 mainly lies in that the PET material can be recovered during the first heating in the pre-processing process, and dried at a higher temperature and at the same time After crystallization, this material will be subjected to the main process under vacuum before plasticizing or dazzling. It will be dried and re-dried at a higher temperature than during pre-processing. Crystallization. From the patent No. AT 4 07 235 B, a device that can be used to perform this process can be known. This process or this device can be fully operated under appropriate processing. However, 'When this process or this device When inappropriate treatment occurs, there is a danger that unwanted toxic residues will be contained in the recycled raw materials' so these recycled raw materials are not suitable for food. To ensure that the recycled raw materials do not contain toxic ingredients, every Recycling of raw materials must be subject to expensive and time-consuming controls. Such controls are known as "challenge-test" (see Verpackungs-Rundschau i / 98, page 37), It is based on artificial pollution. Typical pollutants typically used are those generated by housework or automotive chemistry, or other easily detectable analysts. However, the cost of conducting this test is quite large and the results are not completely available. D = «Λ 0 Another patent process can be found in US Pat. No. 5,733,783 A, which involves several processing steps (grinding, cleaning, etc.) ) Before or in between, by spraying air into recycled plastic bottles, a

200400874 V. Description of the invention (3) The air flowing back from the tested plastic material of pollutants is measured by a sensor. This also requires a lot of expense and a prerequisite for this process, that is, the plastic bottle under test needs to be sprayed with air in a suitable manner. A similar process is also known from the patent A T E 2 0 4 4 2 9 T1. Finally, 'the initially described kind of process has been proposed, which uses a number of chemical sensor devices with different sensitivities to volatile substances to check polyethylene terephthalate (PET)'. Volatile substances are generated when synthetic plastic materials are processed in a shredder. Although this process cannot determine the type of contaminants ', it is sufficient to implement them, because when preparing recycled materials, it is only a material' and does not need to decide whether the processed plastic material is suitable for direct contact with food ingredients. [Summary of the Invention] The purpose of the present invention is to improve the previously described process to reduce costs and to obtain good results by recycling synthetic plastic materials by using readily available equipment components, regardless of whether the processed synthetic plastic materials are suitable Direct contact with food ingredients. This object can be achieved by the features of the present invention, which continuously inspect all materials introduced into the processing chamber by the sensor in the processing chamber and / or the gas guide f connected to it, regardless of the presence of contamination. If the sensor detects that the pollutant is located in the processing room and / or the gas duct towel ’, the sensor will generate a branch emission (branch i ng_off), and the contaminated material will flow through the material in the processing room.

Page 9 200400874 丨 丨 丨 _ 5. Removed from the description of the invention (4). The loose ::: ^^ detector formed by the,,, and materials will cause the r t-transformation of i in the processed plastic materials. If the sensor detects the presence of toxic compounds in the processing mode, the material will be in the usual formula. However, for example, 'from, the crusher enters the extruder, or a similar square plastic material (at least one sensor. The sensor detects that the toxic pollutant is located in the processing material is provided to 疋: ΕΤ). This sensor will cause processing The plastic material needs to be re-routed to leave the processing room or another if room. Therefore, on the path of the chamber, for example, leaving the other part of the recycled mother-contaminated material contaminated by processing will leave in a bypass manner to prepare. Another advantage of the process pointed out in the present invention is that it can be detected in The processing steps (such as milling and / or plasticizing) are the same—at this time, it means that it can save time and mechanical equipment. Due to another embodiment of the Gongyi process, materials can be processed under vacuum. In the plus or lice body duct, at least one rotating processing tool, pr0cesslng too1) is used to protect and heat, if necessary, to r-wide or crystallize. Thus, the air in the processing room can be checked by contamination. Substances derived from toxic pollutants, the sensor's roots are contaminated ί Ϊ 否 = no opening of the discharge port (d 1 SCharge 〇 Pen i ng) to the material., In: if port (Θχ1ΐ 〇Pening) give essentially no The contaminated form can be mixed in a tank that is processed by at least one tool that rotates about a vertical axis. If necessary, it can be ground and refined: such as suspicion and / or crystallization. Or 'According to the hair housing in the screw housing (such as a squeeze Machine

Page 10 200400874 V. Description of the invention (5) > The material is plasticized, and the 忒 screw seat is-a processing chamber constituted by a screw in this screw: turn T. Among them, ⑤ the detector checks the free gas from the material seat 1 to the gas duct. Variations of the two embodiments use mechanical equipment components often used in recycling technology. The equipment used to perform the process of the present invention includes a processing room where synthetic plastics can be heated or separately condensed and / or crystallized, and the processing is performed to ', there is at least-an outlet for processing raw materials ( exit opening). For processing, at least one processing tool is arranged in a ousing surrounding the processing chamber, and the processing tool is driven to rotate by a motor. Among them, at least a pair of substance-sensitive sensors free from toxic pollutants in the processing chamber are provided in the processing chamber. The invention lies in that the processing room or another processing room connected to the processing room includes, in addition to an outlet for materials that are essentially non-polluting, at least one discharge for a material containing toxic pollutants, and at least one sense. 'Status' is used to separately detect the gas released from the material located in the processing chamber, t or the gas conduit connected to it. The sensor cryback device (SWitChing deVice) can open an outlet or a discharge port by sensing the presence of toxic pollutants in the processing material. Therefore, in the conventional processing room (shredder), only a single exit is provided, and the processed material will leave the processing room with it. And located in the structure of the present invention, in addition to this outlet at least ;;. Emissions This-the opening is opened or closed alternately, depending on whether the sensor detects free toxic pollutants in the second room. According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the two-port laboratory is constituted by a groove body provided with a rotary tool for processing materials. Among them, one is actuated by a retraction device

200400874 V. Description of Invention (6) The closing element (for example, a gate or a rotatable baffle) is provided for the outlet and the discharge port. If the tank can be adjusted to a plastic material under vacuum to evacuate the air, the closing element used for the exhaust port must be vacuum-tight to avoid the vacuum in the tank. Cup effect. In accordance with the spirit of the present invention, a processing chamber (e.g., an extruder) consisting of a screw base can be used in place of the previously described apparatus ' if required, it can also be a processing chamber connected to a pelletizing device. Wherein, the base of the screw includes at least one opening connected to a gas conduit for gas, the gas system is free from materials processed by the screw, and the gas conduit is at least connected to the sense. Among them, the switch device comment 丨 "乜 丨 called ^ ... Hua ^ is to control a switch installed on the end of the screw or the pelletizing device, so that the switch can guide the material carried by the screw into the outlet Or into the discharge port. For the aforementioned two embodiments, wherein the closing element and / or the switch is preferably motor-driven (m 〇 〇r-drive η), such as by hydraulically or pneumatically (pneumati cal ly) actuated cylinders, or by solenoids. Furthermore, in these two variants, the sensor may be a gas-chromatographic device. Of course, The two different structures described above can be used together to perform a particularly reliable and multiple inspection of toxic pollutants. "Embodiment" In the drawings, 'Figure 1 is a specific example of the equipment according to the present invention.

Page 12 200400874

200400874 V. Description of the invention (8) After one vertex (2 9), it falls back to the center of the trough (丨). A quality processing tool (16) is horizontally rotated in the groove body (1), and is placed on the outlet of the side wall of the machine base (2). The sa & (23) (for example, an extruder). The spiral seat (23) is a seat for transporting the warp material through the outlet chuanchuan $, and the bearing bearing π and the industrial outlet (22) are transported from Asia to the spiral temple fw. In order to make the exit (22) accessible by — 可 佑 雔 技 〇1 ^; τι- ^ r? ^ ^ The sliding door moving in the direction of the number (2 6): (25) closed ... moving door element ( 25) It is connected to the double-acting cylinder (2 "'/ Gu Baogan). At least a pair of volatile sensitive sensors (28) are set up on the side wall of the Qiu base (2). It is emitted by the toxic pollutants of the processing materials in the processing room (3). For this purpose, the sensor (2 8) extends into the processing room (3), and the branch is located in the The apex (2 9) is also on a high level surface to prevent it from being worn or damaged by the material circulation. Multiple sensors (28) of different structures and different sensitivities related to different types of pollutants can be set in the processing room ( 3), and appropriately distributed around the 1 body (1). Each sensor (28) is connected via a line (30) ^ a switch device (31). The switch device (31 31) On the one hand, the double-acting cylinder (27) is controlled via a line (32), and on the other hand, another double-acting cylinder (3 4) is actuated via the line (33). This double-acting cylinder (3 4) ) The piston rod is connected to a rotatable baffle plate (3 5) combined with the discharge port (3 6) so that it can close the discharge port (3 6) tightly under vacuum. The discharge port (3 6) is connected to a set Tube (3 7). Two switch cylinders (2 7 and 3 4) are actuated by the switch device (3 1), so that the sliding door element (2 5) can close the exit (2 2), and the double arrow The baffle plate (3 5) rotated in the direction of number (3 8) can open the discharge port (3 6) or the sliding door element (2 5).

Page 14 200400874 V. Description of the invention (9)-Open the outlet (22), and the seeding board (35) closes the discharge port (36). This is controlled based on whether the sensor (28) detects toxic pollutants from the processing material in the processing room. If 'this pollutant is measured', the processing material will be immediately added from = 2 to (d), and the processing material will be removed through the discharge port (3 6) into the casing (3 7). ^ J If no contamination was detected in the processed material ’, the processed material is withdrawn through the outlet (22) into the screw seat (23). Contaminated material can be removed from the cannula (37) in the direction of the arrow (39). ° The device can be operated continuously or in batches. ^ When guarding in the Jade Room (3) under vacuum, the seeding plate (M) must close the discharge opening (36) tightly and be used to close the outlet (2: pieces (25) are also closed tightly The outlet (22). In addition, it can also be applied; to evacuate the air in the gate (6), for example, to connect to the pump through the line (40) in the device in Figure 2 The same structure of the grooved body (1) is connected to the embodiment of the invention. The processing workers are shown in (3) of the processing body (q, *. ^ 1b), which is the same as the first figure. The arrow (the axis (4 2) of the 4 slot body rotates. As shown in Figure 2, > Settings-Outer End Parts (43), ... Ersuo 2: Some processing tools can be bent in the direction ",: 乂The action of the force in the direction of movement (arrow 41) is expected to be obtained in the tank body except that the centrifugal pressure is passed through the "= embodiment of the material circulation diagram", the processing room (45) and the inner two (44). According to the brother 2 bearing The screw of the screw of the support (24) = 23 pieces of processing materials containing toxic impurities (included in it: can enter the motor (4 6) i jl *. 苁 a screw (2 4) is connected by a ) Driven from its end. Bar (⑷ ⑷ by arrows) in the transport direction

Brother 15 200400874 V. Description of the invention (ίο) Feed material is supplied to the extrusion head (48) through the inlet (44). This extrusion is made up of any desired granulation (granulation device) driven by a motor (67)-the force behind the processing chamber (45): the laboratory W sleeve (51) forms a conduit, with In order to discharge the granulated material, from: work to (50) to the outlet for the granulated non-polluting material (5 is to the discharge port (53) for the granulated toxic contaminated material.) = Export Always open one another and close one, set a rotatable seeding plate ..., -r shape is adjusted by a double-acting cylinder (57) piston rod ⑼) via ## 1 置 (55). The operation of this double-acting cylinder (57) is described by the double 3-cylinder (34), which is actuated via the line _ by the main ⑶), and the switch device ⑶) is received from the pair via the line (30). Signal of the sensitive sensor (28). The sensor (28) (multiple sensors can be set if needed) is used to detect the airflow at the gas outlet. The gas discharge port (58) passes through the spiral through an opening (59). 3) is connected to the interior of the screw seat (23) 'and communicates with the processing chamber (45). :: this opening ⑼), the gas released from the synthetic plastic material can leave the processing room (45) through the gas port (58), and the synthetic plastic material is transported by the screw (24) in the direction of the arrow) and shortly after It is plasticized, which is preferably performed by a pump (60) connected to a gas discharge port (58). The gas in the synthetic plastic material transported by a screw can be promoted by a feature . This feature is the diameter of the axis of the screw (24), in the direction of transport (the arrow first increases from the entrance (44), by which the material is transported by the screw, the shaft '^ I' gradually decreases and forms a region I ( 6 6), the sweat mouth (5 9) is set here. With the relaxation of the area (66), the shaft diameter of the screw (24) is 200400874. 5. Description of the invention (11) is increased again. The pipe (6 1) used for the granular material is connected to the outlet (5 2), and the material can flow out in the direction of the arrow (6 2). In a similar way, 'synthetic plastic containing toxic pollutants can be connected to the discharge port via (5 3) Guanlu (63) 'Branches from normal material flow and flows in the direction of arrow (64).

It can be seen here that the two outlets [outlet (52) and discharge (53)] and the baffle plate (54) control these openings to form a flow for the screw seat (23) and the granulation device connected to it. Turnover point for materials (6 5). The switch device (31) is constructed in an appropriate manner so that the double-acting steam (27, 34, and 57) can be actuated by a motor [e.g., 'hydrauHcaiiy' or pneUffiatically '. In addition, the mechanical components that make up the cylinder for the switch point (65, or the moving door (25) or the baffle plate (35), respectively) can be pneumatically actuated devices (e.g., caused by solenoid valves). In general, it is sufficient if the sensor (2 8) does not contain toxic impurities. Different types of devices can be used. 'Only testing synthetic plastic materials is tested if more precise control is required. Tube, sensor / defector's such as gas chromatography

The helical seat (23) and screw (24) in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 are associated with _ ^ M ^ ^ ^ 5 f J ^ ^ ^. The determination of the θ M 彳 method for the composition of synthetic plastic materials. ㈢A particularly reliable processing chamber (3) located in the tank ⑴ and a screw seat (2:

Page 17 200400874 V. Description of the Invention (12)

In the processing room (4 5) in the middle, all synthetic plastic materials are heated. However, the rotating body (1 6) in the groove body (1) and the screw (2 4) in the screw seat (2 4) apply the pressure. Depending on the type of processed material, this material may be compressed, but thick-walled flakes (for example, material from ground bottles) are not actually compressed. However, when processing fibers, thin foils, and thin-walled flakes, It must be compressed. When the synthetic plastic material is processed and is not supplied to the tank (1) under a suitable pre-shred condition, the processing tool (16) is formed into a knife with a cutting edge. However, if the processing tool is used only for mixing, it does not need to form a cutting edge. "There is no H-word in nature, and it can be understood that the content of the pollutant is lower than the legally tolerable standard, and it is allowed and can be in direct contact with food in a normal way, that is, it is transported by the exit (22 or 5 2) of.

Page 18 200400874 Brief Description of Drawings Figure 1 is a schematic vertical sectional view of a specific example of a device according to the present invention. Fig. 2 is a schematic horizontal sectional view of another specific example of the device according to the present invention. Brief description of component representative symbols 1 Slot body 2 Machine base 3 Processing room 4 Into D 5 Gate 6 Gate chamber 7 Sliding door element 8 Sliding door element 9 Double-acting cylinder 10 Double-acting steam red 11 Feeding funnel 12 Arrow 13 Covering element 14 Extraction line 15 Pump 16 Processing tool 17 Tool carrier 18 Bottom 19 Shaft 20 Motor 21 Conical mixed flow 22 Out σ 23 Screw seat 24 Screw 25 Sliding door element 26 Double arrow 27 Double acting cylinder 28 Sensor 29 Vertex 30 Line 31 Switch device 32 Line 33 Line 34 Double acting cylinder 35 Baffle plate 36 Emission

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200400874

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Claims (1)

200400874 VI. Scope of patent application 1. A process for preparing and synthesizing synthetic materials κ, ethylene terephthalate r (PE1) ′, especially the recycling polymer is essentially non-toxic ^, Λ? At least plastic materials In order not to be tied to a processing machine, all the synthetic plastic materials are sent to the cycle processing machine, and the machine is in a shredder), at least one heat, and the shovel = emperor sigma processing tool will cause The material's added volatilization "medium °" does not have the condensation and / or crystallization of :; during processing, there can be: = 'If the pollutant is present, it is continuously detected by the sensor.乂: 彳, its characteristic materials are to be inspected, 目, ΐ, θ, main π, all processed to continue; y · 乂 裇 冽 Whether the pollutant exists in J Wang ° 丨. Hai material = one connected to the processing room In the gas duct of the gas pipeline, there is a problem :: Contaminants are located in the processing room and / or the body mouth? The benefit from the measuring device will flow through the material in the processing room, and the material dyed by the sensor. The pollution generated during the movement of the branch is 200400874. The scope of patent application is that a tank can be condensed. As the processing room 4. If the scope of the patent application is the second item 4 ^-m ^ ιτί ^ μ, Jin Yiyiyun, characterized by the material goods, ", screw seat (for example, sowing, by gamma / 丨> —— 刻 # 产 丄 # 1 Μ 土 钱) plasticized, which is constituted by a worm g snail located in the 5 Hailuo square 疋 座 &, aI ,,, ^ ^ # tired # The processing room, by means of which the sensor measures the free surface of the material, and then it is exported to the screw seat. 5. Two types of devices for completing the process as described in claims 1, 2, 3, or 4 of the patent application scope, including at least one processing room (3, 45) for heating or condensing the synthetic plastic material, respectively. The processing room has at least one outlet (2 2, 5 2) 'for processing materials in a machine frame [eg, machine frame (2) or screw seat (2 3)] surrounding the processing room for processing At least one processing tool [for example, processing tool (1 6) or screw (2 4)] is provided, and the processing tool is driven to rotate by a motor (20, 4 6), and at least one pair of (3, 4 5) The volatile matter sensitive sensor (2 8) emitted by the toxic pollutant is characterized by the processing room (3, 4 5) or another The processing room (50) connected to it, in addition to the outlet (22, 5 2) for essentially non-polluting materials, also contains at least one discharge port (36 for materials containing toxic pollutants) 5 3), and at least one sensor (2 8), the sensors (28) respectively detect the gas in the processing chamber (3 or 45) or a gas duct connected to the processing chamber (3 or 45), The sensor is connected to a switch device (3 1). Page 22 200400874 VI. Scope of patent application (2 8) 4 Double detection of the presence of toxic pollutants in processing materials, and opening (22, 52) or emissions 53). 6. The device according to item 5 of the scope of application / patent, characterized in that the processing to (3) is constituted by a groove body (1) which is provided with a circular processing tool (16) for processing the material inside. Wherein the exit (22) and the discharge port (36) are provided-a closing element 'such as a sliding door element (25) or a rotatable baffle plate (25) actuated by a switch device (3 丨) 35). 7. The device described in claim 6 of the patent scope, characterized in that the tank (1) can be evacuated 'and the closing element for the discharge port (3 6), such as a baffle plate (3 5), The system is vacuum-tight. 8. The device according to item 5 of the patent claim, characterized in that the processing chamber (45) is formed by a screw seat (23) of a screw (24), such as an extruder, if necessary A processing chamber (50) connected to a pelletizing device (49), wherein the screw seat (23) of the screw (24) includes at least one of the screw seats (24) that can be radiated from the processing by the screw (24). The material is used for gas, and the opening (59) which is in fluid connection with the gas discharge port (58), and at least one sensor (2 8) connected to the gas discharge port (58). ), The switch device (31) controls a switch point (6 5) on the downstream end of the screw (2 4), which is superior to the pellet device (4 9). The point can guide the material conveyed by the screw (2 4) into the outlet (5 2) or the discharge port (53). Page 23, 200400874 VI. Patent application scope -----9. The device described in item 6, 7, or 8 of the patent application scope is characterized in that the closing element 'for example. The sliding door element (2 5) or The baffle plate (3 5) and / or the switch point (6 5) are motor-driven (m 〇 t 〇r-drive η), for example, by hydraulically or pneumatically braking The double-acting cylinder (27, 34, 57) or by solenoid valves (solenoids) 〇 1 0. The device described in the scope of patent application No. 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9 special purpose is to use at least one gas Phase chromatography (gas ~ chrommat graphic) sensor (28). Page 24