TR2022016273U5 - MICROCONTROLLER BASED MICROFLUIDIC BIOCHIP FOR DETECTION OF CALCIUM PERCENTAGE IN BLOOD - Google Patents
MICROCONTROLLER BASED MICROFLUIDIC BIOCHIP FOR DETECTION OF CALCIUM PERCENTAGE IN BLOODInfo
- Publication number
- TR2022016273U5 TR2022016273U5 TR2022/016273 TR2022016273U5 TR 2022016273 U5 TR2022016273 U5 TR 2022016273U5 TR 2022/016273 TR2022/016273 TR 2022/016273 TR 2022016273 U5 TR2022016273 U5 TR 2022016273U5
- Authority
- TR
- Turkey
- Prior art keywords
- microcontroller
- blood
- based microfluidic
- microfluidic biochip
- feature
- Prior art date
Links
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000000018 DNA microarray Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 210000002381 plasma Anatomy 0.000 description 21
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 4
- 210000000601 blood cell Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 210000001772 blood platelet Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 210000003743 erythrocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000000265 leukocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 102000009027 Albumins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010088751 Albumins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 206010053567 Coagulopathies Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 102000006395 Globulins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010044091 Globulins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 208000001132 Osteoporosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000000090 biomarker Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035602 clotting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002591 computed tomography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004205 dimethyl polysiloxane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013870 dimethyl polysiloxane Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007717 exclusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000338 in vitro Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001410 inorganic ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002090 nanochannel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 102000039446 nucleic acids Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108020004707 nucleic acids Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 150000007523 nucleic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- CXQXSVUQTKDNFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N octamethyltrisiloxane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)C CXQXSVUQTKDNFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004987 plasma desorption mass spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000435 poly(dimethylsiloxane) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 210000002966 serum Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000012956 testing procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Abstract
Buluş, alınan kan örneğinin plazmayı geri kalan kan örneğinden ayırmasını ve mikrodenetleyici tabanlı mikroakışkan bir biyoçip üzerinden geçirilerek kandaki kalsiyum miktarı yüzdesini tayin etmesini sağlayan bir kandaki kalsiyum yüzdesi tespiti için mikrodenetleyici tabanlı mikroakışkan biyoçip ile ilgilidir.The invention relates to a microcontroller-based microfluidic biochip for detecting the percentage of calcium in blood, which enables the blood sample to separate plasma from the remaining blood sample and determine the percentage of calcium amount in the blood by passing it over a microcontroller-based microfluidic biochip.
Description
TARIFNAME KANDAKI KALSIYUM YÜZDESI TESPITI içiN MIKRODENETLEYICI TABANLI MIKROAKISKAN BIYOÇIP TEKNIK ALAN Bulus, alinan kan örneginin plazmayi geri kalan kan örneginden ayirmasini ve mikrodenetleyici tabanli mikroakiskan bir biyoçip üzerinden geçirilerek kandaki kalsiyum miktari yüzdesini tayin etmesini saglayan bir kandaki kalsiyum yüzdesi tespiti için mikrodenetleyici tabanli mikroakiskan biyoçip ile ilgilidir. TEKNIGIN BILINEN DURUMU Kullanilan inceleme yöntemine göre osteoporozu saptamak için birçok yöntem mevcuttur, burada saptama yöntemleri ya X-isinlari ve BT taramalari gibi farkli görüntüleme cihazlarina ya da kandaki kalsiyumun in vitro olarak saptanmasina dayanir. Insanin bütün kani iki ana kisimdan olusur: birinci kisim, birinci kismin hacminin %45'ini olusturan kirmizi kan hücreleri ve trombositlerden ve birinci kismin hacminin %1'ini olusturan beyaz kan hücreleridir. Insan kaninin ikinci kismi, insan kan hacminin yaklasik %54'ünü olusturan kan plazmasindan olusur. Kan plazmasi %91 su, %7 protein, %2 inorganik iyon ve globulin, nükleik asitler ve albümin gibi bir grup organik maddenin dengeli bir yüzdesinden olusur. Ne yazik ki, kanda kalan kan hücreleri ve hücresel bilesenler, geleneksel tetkik sistemi testi kullanildiginda herhangi bir biyobelirteç tespit sürecinde engellenmeye maruz kalir. Bu nedenle, herhangi bir test prosedüründen önce, kan içeriginin plazmadan ayirilmasi önemlidir, bu nedenle bu testler, genellikle kan ayirma tekniklerinin, bir laboratuvarda santrifüj ekipmani kullanilarak hücresiz bir serumla yapilabilmesiyle sonuçlanir. Teknik sorunlar, çipin %13'ten fazla olmayan iki kalsiyum konsantrasyonu farki durumu arasindaki esik sinirlari içinde kalan renkleri ve frekanslari ayirt edememesinden kaynaklanir. BULUSUN AÇIKLAMASI Bulusun amaci, kullanilan mikroakiskan biyoçip sayesinde kan örnegini alarak kan hücrelerini elimine ederek kandaki kalsiyum miktari tayini yapmaktir. Bulusun diger amaci, kolay üretilebilir ve düsük maliyetli bir biyoçip ile kanda kalsiyum ölçümü yapmaktir. Bulusun bir diger amaci, küçük boyutlu ve hizli sonuç almayi saglayan bir biyoçip üretmektir. Cam taban, plazma filtrasyonu için ag kanallari ve bir toplama tanki içerir. Kan örnegi, kilcal kuvvetlerin etkisiyle plazma filtrasyonu için kullanilan yaklasik 2 um derinligindeki ag kanali yoluyla mikroakiskan biyoçip girisine birakilir. Çip üzerindeki kan numunesi akisi ile mikrokanal araciligiyla kan hücreleri elimine edilebilir. Plazma, boyut istisnasinin etkisiyle tüm numuneden filtrasyon kanalina ayrilir ve saf plazma, tasarlanan biyoçipin cam tabakasinda delinmis 500 um derinligindeki tanka akar. Sekillerin Açiklamasi Sekil 1. Mikroakiskan biyoçip algoritmasi Referans Listesi Mikrodenetleyici Enjektör motoru Motor sürücüsü 40 Hareket motoru 50 Iletisim sistemi 60 Renk sensörü 70 Parmak dedektörü 80 Monitör BU LUSUN DETAYLI AÇIKLAMASI Bu detayli açiklamada, bulus konusu kandaki kalsiyum yüzdesi tespiti için mikrodenetleyici tabanli mikroakiskan biyoçip, sadece konunun daha iyi anlasilmasina yönelik olarak ve hiçbir sinirlayici etki olusturmayacak sekilde açiklanmaktadir. Bulus konusu biyoçip, iki ana bölümden olusmaktadir: bir kan örnegi girisi ve ekli bir nanokanal ile tercihen PDMS malzemeden yapilmis bir üst tabaka. Kandaki kalsiyum yüzdesi tespiti için mikrodenetleyici tabanli mikroakiskan biyoçip, iki sekilde çalisabilmektedir; ilk yöntem manuel olarak baslat dügmesinin seçilmesi ve ikinci yöntem cihaza baglanan igne, hastanin parmagini delmek için mikrodenetleyiciden emir alarak kan örnegini çipe otomatik olarak iletmektedir. Bulus konusu biyoçip bu islemi yaklasik 5-15 saniye arasinda gerçeklestirmektedir. Daha sonra çip, plazmayi kan içeriginin geri kalanindan ayirmaktadir. Elde edilen saf plazma, hesaplanan oranlarda depolanan kalsiyum reaktifleri (R1 ve R2'yi) içeren A tankina otomatik olarak akmaktadir. Plazmanin reaktifler ile karistirilmasi islemleri, çalkalama motoru kullanilarak iyi bir karistirma saglamak için birkaç (4-6) saniye arasinda zaman almaktadir. Ortaya çikan bir mor çözelti karisimi, renk sensörüne sunulmaktadir. Sensör, karisimin tam dalga boyu ile mikrodenetleyiciye bir sinyal göndermektedir. Mikrodenetleyici, daha önce manuel testlerden alinan kayitli veri tabani ile dalga boyu miktarini karsilastirmaktadir. Sonuçlar, normal, hiper veya hipo olarak verilmektedir. Son asama, sistemden elde edilen sonuçlarin, kandaki kalsiyum yüzdesini hesaplamak için geleneksel yöntem kullanilarak ölçülen sonuçlarla karsilastirilmasini içerir. Sonuçlar, uzaktan hasta takibi için cihaza bagli iletisim GSM, Bluetooth ve/veya Wi-F sistemlerini kullanilarak sorumlu doktora gönderilmektedir. Asagida verilen islem örnegi, bulus konusu biyoçipin daha iyi anlasilmasini saglamak için verilmistir ve hiçbir sinirlayici etki olusturmamaktadir. Cihaz, her test için biyoçip girisine otomatik olarak 5.0 pL kan örnegi verir. Toplama tankindaki plazma normalde tanktaki basinç dengesi saglanana kadar akar, ardindan plazma akisi durur. Difüzyon fenomeni altinda üretilen plazma ile karistirilmak üzere tankta esit miktarda reaktif R1 ve R2 depolanir. Kan örnegi çipe girildikten sonra, islem basladiktan yaklasik üç saniye sonra plazma tank içinde toplanmaya baslar ve reaktiflerle plazma reaksiyonunun baslamasi için gereken süre 14.5 saniyedir. Ortalama pihtilasma süresi ise 0.85 saniyedir, standart sapma ise 13.7 saniye olarak hesaplandi. Tasarlanan biyoçipte, filtrasyon kanalinin derinligi 1.67 pm'dir. Bu nedenle iz, tüm kan maddelerini 8 pm boyutundaki kirmizi kan hücreleri, 10 pm boyutundaki beyaz kan hücreleri ve 2.5 pm trombosit boyutundaki tüm kan maddelerini önleyebildi veya filtreleyerek yalnizca plazmanin geçmesine izin verdi. Plazma tanki, 2 dakika içerisinde dolmaktadir. Önerilen biyoçip, tankta yaklasik 1,94 pL plazma çikarmistir. Tam dolum süresi boyunca akis hizi ortalamasi 0,01 pL/s'ye yakindir. Biyoçipte üretilen az miktarda plazma alindi ve çipin verimliligini dogrulamak için optik mikroskop kullanarak incelendi. Sonuçlar, ayirma isleminden sonra plazmada kalan hücre konsantrasyonunun %0.15'ten az oldugunu göstermistir. Önerilen sistem, kan örnegindeki kalsiyum yüzdesinin oranini test etmek için pratik ve basit bir çözüm olarak kabul edilebilir. TR TR TR DESCRIPTION MICROCONTROLLER BASED MICROFLUIDIC BIOCHIP FOR CALCIUM PERCENTAGE DETECTION IN BLOOD TECHNICAL FIELD The invention is a microcontroller-based microchip for the determination of calcium percentage in blood, which allows the blood sample to separate the plasma from the remaining blood sample and determine the percentage of calcium amount in the blood by passing it over a microcontroller-based microfluidic biochip. housing is related to biochip . STATE OF THE ART There are many methods to detect osteoporosis depending on the examination method used, where detection methods are either based on different imaging devices such as X-rays and CT scans or on in vitro detection of calcium in the blood. Whole human blood consists of two main parts: red blood cells and platelets, which make up 45% of the volume of the first part, and white blood cells, which make up 1% of the volume of the first part. The second part of human blood consists of blood plasma, which makes up approximately 54% of human blood volume. Blood plasma consists of 91% water, 7% protein, 2% inorganic ions and a balanced percentage of a group of organic substances such as globulin, nucleic acids and albumin. Unfortunately, blood cells and cellular components remaining in the blood are subject to interference in any biomarker detection process when using conventional detection system testing. Therefore, before any testing procedure, it is important to separate blood contents from plasma, so these tests often result in blood separation techniques being done with a cell-free serum using centrifuge equipment in a laboratory. Technical problems arise from the chip's inability to distinguish colors and frequencies that fall within the threshold limits between two cases of calcium concentration differences of not more than 13%. DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The purpose of the invention is to determine the amount of calcium in the blood by taking a blood sample and eliminating blood cells, thanks to the microfluidic biochip used. Another purpose of the invention is to measure calcium in the blood with an easily produced and low-cost biochip. Another aim of the invention is to produce a biochip that is small in size and provides fast results. The glass base contains mesh channels for plasma filtration and a collection tank. The blood sample is deposited into the microfluidic biochip inlet through an approximately 2 um deep mesh channel used for plasma filtration under the influence of capillary forces. Blood cells can be eliminated through the microchannel by blood sample flow on the chip. The plasma is separated from the entire sample into the filtration channel due to the effect of size exclusion, and the pure plasma flows into the 500 μm deep tank punctured in the glass layer of the designed biochip. Description of Figures Figure 1. Microfluidic biochip algorithm Reference List Microcontroller Injector motor Motor driver 40 Motion motor 50 Communication system 60 Color sensor 70 Finger detector 80 Monitor DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION In this detailed description, the subject of the invention is the microcontroller-based microfluidic biochip for detecting the percentage of calcium in the blood, only It is explained for a better understanding of the subject and in a way that does not create any limiting effect. The biochip of the invention consists of two main parts: a blood sample inlet and an upper layer preferably made of PDMS material with an attached nanochannel. Microcontroller-based microfluidic biochip for detecting calcium percentage in blood can work in two ways; The first method is manually selecting the start button, and the second method is the needle connected to the device, which receives orders from the microcontroller to pierce the patient's finger and automatically transmits the blood sample to the chip. The biochip that is the subject of the invention performs this process in approximately 5-15 seconds. The chip then separates the plasma from the rest of the blood content. The pure plasma obtained automatically flows into tank A, which contains calcium reagents (R1 and R2) stored in the calculated ratios. Mixing the plasma with reagents takes between a few (4-6) seconds to ensure good mixing using the shaking motor. A resulting violet solution mixture is presented to the color sensor. The sensor sends a signal to the microcontroller with the full wavelength of the mixture. The microcontroller compares the amount of wavelengths with the recorded database from previous manual tests. Results are given as normal, hyper or hypo. The final stage involves comparing the results obtained from the system with the results measured using the traditional method of calculating the percentage of calcium in the blood. The results are sent to the doctor in charge using the communication GSM, Bluetooth and/or Wi-F systems connected to the device for remote patient monitoring. The process example given below is given to provide a better understanding of the biochip of the invention and does not create any limiting effect. The device automatically delivers 5.0 pL of blood sample to the biochip inlet for each test. Plasma in the collection tank normally flows until pressure balance in the tank is achieved, then plasma flow stops. Equal amounts of reagents R1 and R2 are stored in the tank to be mixed with the plasma produced under the diffusion phenomenon. Once the blood sample is entered into the chip, the plasma begins to collect in the tank approximately three seconds after the process begins, and the time required for the plasma reaction with the reagents to begin is 14.5 seconds. The average clotting time was 0.85 seconds, and the standard deviation was calculated as 13.7 seconds. In the designed biochip, the depth of the filtration channel is 1.67 pm. Therefore, the trace was able to prevent or filter out all blood substances such as red blood cells of size 8 pm, white blood cells of size 10 pm, and platelets of size 2.5 pm, allowing only plasma to pass through. The plasma tank is filled within 2 minutes. The proposed biochip extracted approximately 1.94 pL of plasma in the tank. The flow rate average during the full filling period is close to 0.01 pL/s. A small amount of plasma produced in the biochip was taken and examined using an optical microscope to verify the efficiency of the chip. The results showed that the concentration of cells remaining in the plasma after separation was less than 0.15%. The proposed system can be considered as a practical and simple solution to test the percentage of calcium in the blood sample. TR TR TR
Claims (1)
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
TR2022016273U5 true TR2022016273U5 (en) | 2022-11-21 |
Family
ID=
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US10670614B2 (en) | Hemolysis detection device, system and method | |
CN109884289B (en) | Low sample volume coagulation assay | |
US7807450B2 (en) | Plasma extraction apparatus | |
RU2672450C2 (en) | Kit for sampling and analysis of samples, sampler and method of analysis | |
CN108463711A (en) | Optical sensor for detecting the free hemoglobin in whole blood sample | |
US20220023857A1 (en) | Device with a fluid component assessment feature | |
EP3775845B1 (en) | Porous membrane sensor element | |
DK2788755T3 (en) | HEMOLYSE DETECTION DEVICE | |
EP3411709B1 (en) | An arrangement for collection and separation of a body fluid for purposes of analysis and a method relating thereto | |
US8409868B2 (en) | Test element for determining a body fluid and measurement method | |
TR2022016273U5 (en) | MICROCONTROLLER BASED MICROFLUIDIC BIOCHIP FOR DETECTION OF CALCIUM PERCENTAGE IN BLOOD | |
CN113874705B (en) | Blood separation and analysis device and method | |
US20190175154A1 (en) | Apparatus for Drawing of a Bodily Fluid and Method Therefor | |
KR20200052559A (en) | Cartridge for in vitro diagnostics analyzer | |
CA2523486A1 (en) | Joint-diagnostic spectroscopic and biosensor meter | |
JP2017116405A (en) | Blood coagulation inspection method | |
CN109212186B (en) | One-step fast detection kit for pepsinogen II | |
EP3423825B1 (en) | Assay device measuring viscosity and detecting or measuring a biomarker | |
JP6783700B2 (en) | Blood coagulation test method | |
RU2655809C2 (en) | Portable device for instant diagnosis of blood | |
CN115980158A (en) | Method for detecting breast cancer exosomes based on filter membrane type electrochemical chip | |
RU137614U1 (en) | ELECTROCHEMICAL AND OPTICAL ANALYZER | |
CN116337817A (en) | Blood analysis device and method | |
Zieminski et al. | Hematocrit measurement technology for use in low-resource environments utilizing a microfluidic disk with optical reader |