TR2021019579A1

TR2021019579A1 - AN ANTIBACTERIAL PORCELAIN GLAZE AND PRODUCTION METHOD

Info

Publication number: TR2021019579A1
Application number: TR2021/019579
Authority: TR
Inventors: Karaa Ac Zuhal
Original assignee: Porland Porselen Sanayi̇ Ve Ti̇caret Anoni̇m Şi̇rketi̇
Filing date: 2021-12-10
Publication date: 2023-06-21

Abstract

Buluş, antibakteriyel özelliklere sahip bir porselen sırı, bu sırı elde etme ve uygulama yöntemi (100) ile ilgilidir. Buluş konusu sıra antibakteriyel özellik kazandıran ajan herhangi bir kaplama metodu ile sır yüzeyine aplike edilmemekte olup, sırı oluşturan oksitler ile birlikte sır reçetesi içerisine doğrudan eklenmektedir.The invention relates to a porcelain glaze with antibacterial properties and the method (100) of obtaining and applying this glaze. The agent that provides antibacterial properties as the subject of the invention is not applied to the glaze surface with any coating method, but is added directly into the glaze recipe together with the oxides that form the glaze.

Description

TARIFNAME BIR ANTIBAKTERIYEL PORSELEN SIRI VE ÜRETIM YÖNTEMI Teknik Alan Bulus, antibakteriyel özelliklere sahip bir porselen siri, bu siri elde etme ve uygulama yöntemi ile ilgilidir. Önceki Teknik Dünyada en sik görülen hastalik gruplarindan birisi virüs, bakteri, mantar gibi çesitli organizmalarin sebep oldugu hastaliklardir, Bakteriyel enfeksiyonlarin enfekte kisilerle sadece dogrudan temas yoluyla veya damlacik enfeksiyonu yoluyla degil, ayni zamanda enfekte kisinin temas ettigi diger esyalara temas edilmesi sonucunda dolayli temas yoluyla yayilabildigi bildirilmektedir. Özellikle restoran ve kafelerde bakteri yayilim riskini azaltmanin yollarindan biri olarak kisinin temas ettigi yüzeylerin hijyenik hale getirilmesi Önemli bir Dolayli temas yolu ile insanlarda enfeksiyona sebep olan bir diger etken, ürünlerin yüzeylerinde bakteri ve mantar gibi patojenlerin bulunmasidir. Bakteri ve mantar gibi hastalik yapici organizmalarin yasamasini ve çogalmasini engellemek basta saglik sektörü olmak üzere farkli bir çok sektörden arastirmacilarin çalistigi bir konudur. Malzemenin fiziksel ve kimyasal özelligi yüzeyde olusan bakteri veya mantar kolonizasyonunu etkileyen bir faktördür. Malzeme üzerinde bulunan besin veya nemin yani sira malzeme yapisina nüfuz eden nem miktari da bakteri ve mantar kolonizasyonunu etkilemektedir. Malzeme yüzeyinde olusabilecek bu türden olumsuz durumlara engel olmak amaciyla çogunlukla ürün yüzeylerine çesitli yöntemlerle antibakteriyel ajan kaplanmaktadir. Antibakteriyel kaplama yöntemlerinde kullanilan CVD ve PVD kaplama yöntemleri; kaplama ürün maliyetini asiri yükseltebilen, hassas bir proses takip mekanizmasina sahip zorlayici bir süreçtir. Kaplama yapilacak antibakteriyel veya antiviral ajanlar degerlendirilirken oligodinamik etkileri baz alinmaktadir. Oligodinamik etki, agir metallerin bakteriler üzerinde öldürücü bir etki yapma kabiliyetine verilen terimdir (Yunanca: oligos, küçük; dinamis, güç). Agir metallerin antimikrobiyal olarak etkinliginin, hücresel proteinlerin metalik iyonlar için yüksek afinitesine (bir antijen ve bir antikor arasindaki çekim) bagli olduguna inanilmaktadir. Bir çözeltideki iyon konsantrasyonu çok küçük olsa bile, bakteri hücreleri hücre içindeki iyonlarin kümülatif etkilerinden dolayi ölür. Oligodinamik etki gösteren metaller (azalan etki sirasina göre) Hg Ag Cu Zn Fe Pb Bi'dir. Bu metaller arasinda gümüs ve çinko, tibbi cihazlarda, gida isleme ürünlerinde, tekstil ürünlerinde ve sihhi tesisatlarda kullanilan malzemeler gibi çesitli malzemelerde kullanilmaktadir. Gümüs ve çinko disindaki oligodinamik elementler, insan toksisitesi veya kaplanmasi hedeflenen matriks materyaliyle bazi uyumsuzluklar (öm. Renk degisiklikleri) göstermesi nedeniyle nadiren malzeme uygulamalarinda antimikrobiyal ajan olarak kullanilir. Çinko ile karsilastirildiginda gümüs ve tuzlari; Staphylococcus Aureus ve Escherichiacoli gibi yaygin bakterilere karsi antimikrobiyal etki açindan çok daha güçlüdür. Bununla birlikte çinko oksit, çesitli mantarlara karsi genellikle gümüsten çok daha iyi etkinlik göstermektedir. Teknigin bilinen durumunda yapilan patent ve literatür arastirmasinda TR 2018/20332 basvuru numarali patent basvurusuna rastlanmistir. Söz konusu dokümanda bir poliol bilesigi, katalizör, gümüs nitrat içerikli antibakteriyel ajan ve izosiyonat bilesigi içeren antibakteriyel özelliklere sahip yüzey kaplama kompozisyonundan bahsetmektedir. Bulusta bahsedilen antibakteriyel karisim gümüs nitrat, metalik gümüs, metalik bakir ve triklosan bilesikleri arasindan seçilen en az bir antibakteriyel ajan kullanilmaktadir. CN111892382A patent numarali bulus, bir antibakteriyel ve antiviral seramik karo ve hazirlama yöntemi ile ilgilidir, burada seramik karo; bos bir gövde, yüzey kaplamasi ve bir yüzey siri içerir. Bahsedilen yüzey siri, antibakteriyel ve antiviral çözücü içennektedir. Bahsi geçen antiviral çözelti, agirlikça 7-15 kisim tetrabutil titanat, 0.2-0.4 kisim organik modifiye edici, 0.3-0.6 kisim düsük metal içerikli kompleks ve 02-04 kisim inorganik antibakteriyel ajan içermektedir ve ürünün antibakteriyel ve antiviral özellikte üretilmesi için gereken pisirim sicakligi etkiye sahip stoneware karolarin elde edilmesine yönelik üretim sürecini açiklamaktadir. Ürün hem bakterilerin yok edilmesini saglarken, hem de kimyasallara karsi dayanim ve lekelenme önleyici bir özellik saglayan teknolojik niteliklere sahiptir, seklinde ifade edilmistir. Bahsi geçen ürün, bilesiminde demir ve krom içeren siyah seramik pigmentli stoneware bünyeden yapilmistir; bulusta ince bir seffaf sir tabakasi püskürtme yöntemiyle bünye yüzeyine kaplanmakta ve ürün 1210 OC,de 90 dakika süresince endüstriyel bir tünel firinda pisirilmektedir. Pisirmeden sonra, yaklasik 20 g / m2 sulu çözelti, % 98 sodyum nitrat ve % 2 gümüs nitrat (agirlik yüzdeleri) püskürtme yöntemi ile uygulanmakta ve 430°C'de isil isleme tabi tutulmaktadir. Bulusun Kisa Açiklamasi Bulusun amaci, antibakteriyel özelliklere sahip porselen sir formülasyonu ve üretim yöntemi gelistirilmesidir. Bulusun baska bir amaci, porselen üretim prosesine ek herhangi bir kaplama yöntemi kullanilmadan antibakteriyel özelliklere sahip porselen sir formülasyonu gelistirilmesidir. Bulusun bir diger amaci, yüzeylerden kaynaklanan enfeksiyon hastaliklarina neden olan mikro-organizma ve ajanlarin kontrol edilmesi ve olusabilecek hastaliklarin azaltilmasini saglayan porselen sir kompozisyonu elde edilmesidir. Bu bulusun bir baska amaci, porselen bünye üretim asamalarindan geçirilerek 1230-1280 0C pisirime uygun, antibakteriyel özellige sahip porselen sir formülasyonu olusturulmasidir. Bu bulusun bir baska amaci, sir kompozisyonunda ihtiva ettigi diger oksitler sayesinde ve antibakteriyel ajan ile uyumlu porselen sir kompozisyonu elde edilmesidir. Bu bulusun bir diger amaci, antibakteriyel özelliklere sahip porselen sirinin kursun, kadmiyuin ve benzeri insan sagligini tehdit edebilecek herhangi bir oksit içerrnemesidir. Bu bulusun baska bir amaci, porselen bünye üzerine uygulanacak antibakteriyel özelliklere sahip porselen sirinin, bünye ile uygun termal genlesmeye sahip olmasi ve olasi sir çatlamalarinin engellenmesidir. Bu bulusun bir baska amaci, olusturulacak antibakteriyel sir kompozisyonunun üretim proses uygulamalari sonrasi herhangi bir yüzey hatasi içermemesidir. Bulusun Ayrintili Açiklamasi Bu bulusun amacina ulasmak için gerçeklestirilen "antibakteriyel özelliklere sahip porselen siri üretim yöntemi" ekli sekilde gösterilmis olup; Sekil 1. Bulus antibakteriyel özelliklere sahip porselen sirinin üretim yöntemine iliskin akis semasinin görünümüdür. Bulus konusu antibakteriyel özelliklere sahip porselen siri; bulusta bahsedilen özellikleri saglayacak oranlarda antibakteriyel ajan içermektedir. Bulus konusu sira antibakteriyel özellik kazandiran antibakteriyel ajan herhangi bir kaplama inetodu ile sir yüzeyine aplike edilmemekte olup, siri olusturan oksitler ile birlikte sir reçetesi içerisine dogrudan eklenmektedir. Bulusun tercih edilen bir diger uygulamasinda antibakteriyel özelliklere sahip porselen siri, porselen bünye üzerine püskürtme sirlama veya daldirma sirlama yöntemiyle kaplanabilmektedir. Bulusun tercih edilen bir diger uygulamasinda antibakteriyel özelliklere sahip porselen siri, daha önceden porselen bünye üzerine kaplanmis antibakteriyel özellik göstermeyen bir sir üzerine de kaplanabilmektedir. Bulus konusu antibakteriyel özelliklere sahip porselen siri üretim yöntemi (100); - sir reçetesinin yüklenmesi ve ögütülmesi (101), -sirin elek ve manyetikten geçirilmesi (102) -sir yogunlugunun ve Viskozitesinin ayarlanmasi (103) -pismemis veya pismis porselen bünye yüzeyine sirlama (104) ve -Sirli pisirme (105) adimlarini içermektedir. Bulus konusu antibakteriyel özelliklere sahip porselen siri üretim yönteminde (100), sir reçetesi yüklenmesi ve ögütülmesi (101) adiminda sir içerigindeki her bir bilesen tartilip ögütülmekte ve bulusun tercih edilen uygulamasinda agirlikça bulunmaktadir. Bulusun tercih edilen bir baska uygulamasinda sir içerigindeki her kizdirma kaybi bulunmaktadir. Sir reçetesinin yüklenmesi ve ögütülmesinde (101) reçete içerigindeki hammaddelerin birlesim oranina reçetedeki her bir oksidin kuru agirliginin, reçete kompozisyonunun kuru agirligina bölünüp elde edilen degerin yüz ile çarpilmasi ile ulasilir. Sir reçetesi yüklenmesi ve ögütülmesi (101) sonrasinda sirin elek ve manyetikten geçirilmesi (102) asamasi gelmektedir. Bu asamada sir, içerigindeki safsizliklarin giderilmesi amaciyla 74 mikron ve/veya 105 mikron elek açikligina sahip eleklerden elenmekte ve manyetiklerden geçirilmektedir. Elek ve manyetiklerden geçirilen sirin, su ve viskozitesini düzenleyici çesitli kimyasallar kullanilarak sir yogunlugunun ve Viskozitesinin ayarlanmasi (103) gerçeklestirilir. Sirin uygulama yöntemine göre tercihen; daldirma sirlama için sir yogunlugu 1340-1440 gr/lt ve 2 mm agiz çapli fordcupta yapilan ölçüm degerine yogunlukta ve 2 mm agiz çapli fordcupta yapilan ölçüm degerine 60-85 saniye akis degerine sahip olmasi tercih edilir. Sir yogunlugunun ve Viskozitesinin ayarlanmasi (103) islemi sonrasi, pismemis veya pismis porselen bünye yüzeyine sirlama (104) yapilarak porselen yüzeyler kaplanir. Bulusun tercih edilen bir diger uygulamasinda antibakteriyel özelliklere sahip porselen siri, pismemis veya pismis sirli porselen bünye üzerine de kaplanabilmektedir. Pismemis veya pismis porselen bünye yüzeyine sirlama (104) islemi daldirrna ve püskürtme yöntemi gibi farkli yöntemlerle yapilabilmekte olup, burada temel amaç porselen bünye yüzeyinin kaplanmasidir. Bulus konusu antibakteriyel özelliklere sahip porselen sirinin üretim yönteminin (100), son asamasi olan sirli pisirmede (105), sirlama islemi yapilan mamuller Bulusun tercih edilen uygulamalarinda, sirli pisirme ( 105) rejimi sicaklik ve süre dakika arasindaki sürede; 600 0C ila 900 0C arasinda bir sicaklik araliginda bir sicaklik araliginda yaklasik 40 dakika ila 120 dakika arasindaki sürede; 1150 °C ila 1230 0C arasinda bir sicaklik araliginda yaklasik 5 dakika ila 45 dakika arasindaki sürede;l230 0C ila 1280 DC arasindaki maksimum sicaklik noktalarinda yaklasik 20 dakika 60 dakika arasindaki sürede gerçeklesmekte maksimum tepe sicakligindan oda sicakligina yaklasik 75 dakika ila 155 dakika arasindaki sürede gerçeklesmektedir. Bulus konusu üretim yöntemi (100) ile elde edilen antibakteriyel özelliklere sahip porselen sirinin, sirli pisirme (105) sonrasi kimyasal içeriginde agirlikça tercihen uygulamasinda sirli pisirme (105) sonrasi kimyasal içeriginde her bir bilesenin alt Bulus konusu antibakteriyel özelliklere sahip porselen siri, sirli pisirme (105) sonrasi mikro yapisinda kuvars (SiOz) fazina ek olarak, kristobalit (SiOz) ve camsi faz içermektedir. Bulus konusu özelliklere sahip porselen siri üretim yöntemi (100) ile elde edilen ve sirin tercih edilen uygulamalarinda, sirli pisirme (105) sonrasi mikro yapisi agirlikça %0-5 kuvars (SiOZ), %0-5 kristobalit (SiOz), % 90-100 camsi faz içennektedir. Antibakteriyel aktivite testi Bulus konusu antibakteriyel özelliklere sahip porselen sirinin antibakteriyel aktivite testi ISO 22196 standardinda göre yapilmis olup bu standarda göre; coli) olmak üzere iki farkli bakteri türü ile çalisilmaktadir. Öncelikle Eseherichia coli ve Staphylococcus aureus bakteri türlerinin seçilen inokulumlardaki üreme hizlari ve/veya mililitredeki ortalama koloni olusturabilecek birim sayisi (KGB/ml) saptanir. . 5x5 cm antibakteriyel numune ve kontrol numunesi üzerine standartta belirtildigi miktarda bakteri sayisi inoküle edilir. inkübe edilir. alinmakta ve sivi besiyerinden belli bir miktar alinarak ilgili besiyerine için çikartilir. logaritmalari hesaplanir. aradaki logaritmik fark bulunur. raporlanir. R degerinin 2 ve üzeri olmasi antibakteriyel özellik oldugunu gösterir. Bulus kapsaminda gelistirilen antibakteriyel özelliklere sahip porselen siri ile kaplanmis örneklerin antibakteriyel aktiviteleri, kaplanmamis örnekler referans alinarak ve bahsedilen yöntem uygulanarak test edilmis ve antibakteriyel özellik gösterdigi tespit edilmistir. TR TR TR DESCRIPTION AN ANTIBACTERIAL PORCELAIN GLAZE AND PRODUCTION METHOD Technical Field The invention relates to a porcelain glaze with antibacterial properties and a method of obtaining and applying this glaze. Prior Art One of the most common disease groups in the world is the diseases caused by various organisms such as viruses, bacteria and fungi. Bacterial infections can spread not only through direct contact with infected people or through droplet infection, but also through indirect contact by touching other items that the infected person has come into contact with. is reported. One of the ways to reduce the risk of bacterial spread, especially in restaurants and cafes, is to make the surfaces that people come into contact with hygienic. Another factor that causes infection in people through indirect contact is the presence of pathogens such as bacteria and fungi on the surfaces of the products. Preventing the survival and proliferation of disease-causing organisms such as bacteria and fungi is a subject on which researchers from many different sectors, especially the health sector, work. The physical and chemical properties of the material are factors that affect bacterial or fungal colonization on the surface. In addition to the nutrients or moisture present on the material, the amount of moisture penetrating into the material structure also affects bacterial and fungal colonization. In order to prevent such negative situations that may occur on the material surface, antibacterial agents are often coated on the product surfaces with various methods. CVD and PVD coating methods used in antibacterial coating methods; Coating is a challenging process with a sensitive process monitoring mechanism that can increase product costs excessively. When evaluating the antibacterial or antiviral agents to be coated, their oligodynamic effects are taken into account. Oligodynamic effect is the term given to the ability of heavy metals to have a lethal effect on bacteria (Greek: oligos, small; dynamis, power). The antimicrobial effectiveness of heavy metals is believed to be due to the high affinity (attraction between an antigen and an antibody) of cellular proteins for metallic ions. Even if the ion concentration in a solution is very small, bacterial cells die due to the cumulative effects of the ions within the cell. Metals with oligodynamic effects (in order of decreasing effect) are Hg Ag Cu Zn Fe Pb Bi. Among these metals, silver and zinc are used in a variety of materials, such as materials used in medical devices, food processing products, textiles, and plumbing. Oligodynamic elements other than silver and zinc are rarely used as antimicrobial agents in material applications due to human toxicity or some incompatibilities (e.g. color changes) with the matrix material intended to be coated. Compared to zinc, silver and its salts; It is much stronger in terms of antimicrobial effect against common bacteria such as Staphylococcus Aureus and Escherichiacoli. However, zinc oxide is generally much better effective than silver against various fungi. In the patent and literature research conducted on the state of the art, a patent application with application number TR 2018/20332 was found. The document in question mentions a surface coating composition with antibacterial properties containing a polyol compound, catalyst, silver nitrate-containing antibacterial agent and isocyanate compound. The antibacterial mixture mentioned in the invention uses at least one antibacterial agent selected among silver nitrate, metallic silver, metallic copper and triclosan compounds. The invention with patent number CN111892382A relates to an antibacterial and antiviral ceramic tile and its preparation method, wherein the ceramic tile; It includes a blank body, surface coating and a surface finish. The said surface coating contains antibacterial and antiviral solvent. The said antiviral solution contains 7-15 parts tetrabutyl titanate, 0.2-0.4 parts organic modifier, 0.3-0.6 parts low metal content complex and 02-04 parts inorganic antibacterial agent by weight, and the firing temperature required to produce the product with antibacterial and antiviral properties has the effect. It explains the production process for obtaining stoneware tiles with It is stated that the product has technological qualities that not only destroy bacteria but also provide resistance to chemicals and anti-staining properties. The product in question is made of black ceramic pigmented stoneware containing iron and chromium in its composition; In the invention, a thin layer of transparent glaze is coated on the body surface by spraying method and the product is fired in an industrial tunnel oven at 1210 OC for 90 minutes. After cooking, approximately 20 g/m2 of an aqueous solution, 98% sodium nitrate and 2% silver nitrate (weight percentages) is applied by spraying and heat treated at 430°C. Brief Description of the Invention The purpose of the invention is to develop a porcelain glaze formulation and production method with antibacterial properties. Another aim of the invention is to develop a porcelain glaze formulation with antibacterial properties without using any additional coating method in the porcelain production process. Another aim of the invention is to control micro-organisms and agents that cause infectious diseases arising from surfaces and to obtain a porcelain glaze composition that reduces the diseases that may occur. Another purpose of this invention is to create a porcelain glaze formulation with antibacterial properties, suitable for firing at 1230-1280 0C, by passing the porcelain body through the production stages. Another purpose of this invention is to obtain a porcelain glaze composition compatible with the antibacterial agent and other oxides it contains in the glaze composition. Another purpose of this invention is that porcelain glaze with antibacterial properties does not contain lead, cadmium or any similar oxides that may threaten human health. Another purpose of this invention is to ensure that the porcelain glaze with antibacterial properties applied on the porcelain body has appropriate thermal expansion with the body and prevents possible glaze cracks. Another purpose of this invention is to ensure that the antibacterial glaze composition to be created does not contain any surface defects after production process applications. Detailed Description of the Invention The "porcelain glaze production method with antibacterial properties" carried out to achieve the purpose of this invention is shown in the figure below; Figure 1. The invention shows the flow chart of the production method of porcelain glaze with antibacterial properties. The subject of the invention is porcelain glass with antibacterial properties; It contains antibacterial agents in proportions that will provide the properties mentioned in the invention. The antibacterial agent that provides antibacterial properties to the glaze that is the subject of the invention is not applied to the glaze surface with any coating method, but is added directly into the glaze recipe together with the oxides that form the glaze. In another preferred embodiment of the invention, porcelain glaze with antibacterial properties can be coated on the porcelain body by spray glazing or dip glazing method. In another preferred embodiment of the invention, porcelain glaze with antibacterial properties can be coated on a glaze that does not have antibacterial properties, which was previously coated on the porcelain body. The subject of the invention is the porcelain glaze production method (100) with antibacterial properties; It includes the steps of - loading and grinding the glaze recipe (101), -passing the glaze through sieve and magnetic (102), -adjusting the glaze density and viscosity (103), -glazing the unbaked or fired porcelain body surface (104) and -glaze firing (105). In the porcelain glaze production method (100) with antibacterial properties, which is the subject of the invention, each component in the glaze is weighed and ground in the glaze recipe loading and grinding step (101) and is present by weight in the preferred application of the invention. In another preferred embodiment of the invention, there is a loss of glow in the glaze content. In loading and grinding the glaze recipe (101), the combination ratio of the raw materials in the recipe is reached by dividing the dry weight of each oxide in the recipe by the dry weight of the recipe composition and multiplying the obtained value by one hundred. After loading the vinegar recipe and grinding it (101), the step of passing the siren through the sieve and magnetic field (102) comes. At this stage, the glaze is sieved through sieves with 74 micron and/or 105 micron sieve apertures and passed through magnetics in order to remove the impurities in its content. The glaze density and viscosity are adjusted (103) by using the glaze passed through sieves and magnetics, water and various chemicals that regulate its viscosity. Depending on the Sirin application method, preferably; For dip glazing, the glaze density is 1340-1440 gr/lt and it is preferred to have a density of 1340-1440 gr/lt and a flow value of 60-85 seconds compared to the measurement value made in a fordcup with a 2 mm mouth diameter and a flow value of 60-85 seconds. After adjusting the glaze density and viscosity (103), glaze (104) is applied to the unfired or fired porcelain body surface and the porcelain surfaces are covered. In another preferred application of the invention, porcelain glaze with antibacterial properties can be coated on unfired or fired glazed porcelain body. The glazing (104) process on the unbaked or fired porcelain body surface can be done by different methods such as dipping and spraying method, where the main purpose is to coat the porcelain body surface. In the glaze firing (105), which is the last stage of the production method (100) of the porcelain glaze with antibacterial properties that is the subject of the invention, the glazed products are glazed. In the preferred applications of the invention, the glaze firing (105) regime is between temperature and time minutes; For a period of approximately 40 minutes to 120 minutes at a temperature range of 600 0C to 900 0C; It takes approximately 5 minutes to 45 minutes for a temperature range of 1150 °C to 1230 °C; approximately 20 minutes to 60 minutes for maximum temperature points between 1230 °C and 1280 DC; the actual time from the maximum peak temperature to room temperature is approximately 75 minutes to 155 minutes. is working . The porcelain glaze with antibacterial properties obtained by the production method of the invention (100) is predominantly in its chemical content after glazed firing (105). 105) contains cristobalite (SiOz) and glassy phase in addition to the quartz (SiOz) phase in its microstructure. Porcelain glaze with the features of the invention is obtained by the production method (100) and in applications where glaze is preferred, its microstructure after glaze firing (105) consists of 0-5% quartz (SiOZ), 0-5% cristobalite (SiOz), 90% by weight. It contains 100 glassy phases. Antibacterial activity test The antibacterial activity test of the porcelain glaze with antibacterial properties, which is the subject of the invention, was carried out in accordance with the ISO 22196 standard and according to this standard; coli) is studied with two different types of bacteria. First of all, the growth rates of Eseherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus bacterial species in the selected inoculums and/or the average number of colony-forming units per milliliter (KGB/ml) are determined. . The number of bacteria specified in the standard is inoculated onto the 5x5 cm antibacterial sample and control sample. is incubated. A certain amount of the liquid medium is taken and transferred to the relevant medium. logarithms are calculated. There is a logarithmic difference between them. is reported. An R value of 2 or above indicates that it has antibacterial properties. The antibacterial activities of the samples coated with porcelain glaze, which has antibacterial properties developed within the scope of the invention, were tested using the uncoated samples as a reference and by applying the mentioned method, and it was determined that they showed antibacterial properties. TR TR TR

Claims

1.CLAIMS. It is a porcelain glaze with antibacterial properties that is coated on the outside of the porcelain body and is used as the basic material in obtaining vessels of the desired size and shape, protecting the porcelain body. . Controlling micro-organisms and agents that cause infectious diseases arising from surfaces and reducing the diseases that may occur; It includes the steps of - loading and grinding the glaze recipe (101), -passing the glaze through sieve and magnetic (102), -adjusting the glaze density and viscosity (103), -glazing the unbaked or fired porcelain body surface (104), -firing the glaze (105). Porcelain siri production method with antibacterial properties characterized by (100). A porcelain glaze production method (100) as in Claim 2, characterized by the step of loading and grinding the porcelain glaze recipe (101). A porcelain glaze production method (100) as in Claim 3, characterized by the step (101) of grinding the lower and upper limits of each component in the glaze as 55-65% SiOz and 5-15% (101). . A porcelain glaze production method (100) as in any of the above claims, characterized by the step of loading and grinding the porcelain glaze recipe (101), which is achieved by dividing the dry weight of each oxide in the recipe by the dry weight of the recipe composition to the combination ratio of the raw materials in the recipe content and multiplying the obtained value by one hundred. ). A porcelain glaze production method (100) as in any of the above claims, characterized by the step of loading and grinding the porcelain glaze recipe (101), which is completed by performing the grinding process in the mill after loading all the raw materials in the recipe. A porcelain glaze production method (100) as in any of the above claims, characterized by the step of passing the ground glaze through sieve and magnetic (102). A porcelain glaze production method (100) as in any of the above claims, characterized by the step (103) of adjusting the glaze density and viscosity by using the glaze passed through sieves and magnetics, water and various chemicals that regulate its viscosity. A porcelain glaze production method (100) as in any of the above claims, characterized by the step (104) of glazing the glaze, whose density and viscosity is adjusted, onto the fired porcelain body surface. Preferably according to the glazing (104) method on the unbaked or fired porcelain body surface; For dip glazing, the glaze density is 1340-1440 gr/lt and 45-65 seconds flow value according to the measurement value made in the fordeup with 2 mm mouth diameter. A porcelain glaze production method (100) as in Claims 8 and 97, characterized by a flow value of 85 seconds. In another preferred embodiment of the invention, a porcelain glaze production method (100) as in Claim 9, characterized by glazing (104) on the unfired or fired glazed porcelain body surface of glaze whose density and viscosity are adjusted. A porcelain glaze production method (100) as in any of the above claims, characterized by the glaze firing (105) step in which the glaze is cooked for a period of time. A porcelain glaze production method (100) as in any one of Claims 1 to 10, characterized by glaze firing (105) for a period of minutes. A porcelain glaze production method (100) as in any one of Claims 1 to 10, characterized by glaze firing (105) occurring in a period of minutes. A porcelain glaze production method (100) as in any one of Claims 1 to 101, characterized by glaze firing (105) occurring in a period between 120 minutes. A porcelain glaze production method (100) as in any of Claims 1 to 10, characterized by glaze firing (105) that takes place in a period of 45 minutes. A porcelain glaze production method (100) as in any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized by glaze firing (105) that takes place between minutes and 60 minutes. A porcelain Glaze production method (100) as in any one of Claims 1 to 10, characterized by glaze firing (105) that takes place from the maximum peak temperature to room temperature (1280"C-20OC) in a period of approximately 75 minutes to 155 minutes. After firing, the glaze content should preferably include; A porcelain glaze as in any of the above claims, characterized by containing 55-75% SiOz and 7-20% 0-5 ZnO. After firing, 60% of the lower and upper limits of each component in the glaze content is a porcelain glaze. A porcelain glaze as in any of the above claims, characterized by containing cristobalite (SiOg) and glassy phase in addition to the quartz (SiOz) phase in the glaze microstructure obtained after firing. In the preferred applications of the invention, a structure as in any of the above claims, characterized by the lower and upper limits of each component in the glaze microstructure after firing, containing 0-5% quartz (SiOz), 0-5% cristobalite (SiOz), and 90-100% eamish phase. porcelain siri. A porcelain glaze as in any of the above claims, characterized by containing calcium oxide (CaO) which provides the glaze with antibacterial qualities by acting oligodynamically. TR TR TR