TR201311584A2 - Step-propelled sea propeller. - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a substantially 5 cylindrical hub with a hollow shaft and fixed to a shaft driven by a marine engine and a step propeller which can be adjusted radially outwardly therefrom and having a plurality of vanes which can be partially rotated about an axis in the radial direction to the hub. The propeller according to the invention is provided with an actuator, which is linearly movable in the direction of the axis of the hub, with this actuator and each blade, at least one movement transmission means and actuator associated with each blade, so as to translate the linear movement of the actuator in a radial direction 10 with respect to the axis of the core. flexible element.

Description

DESCRIPTION TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention is registered with the Turkish Patent Institute, numbered 2013/09329. a vessel whose pitch changes automatically as a continuation of the application It's about the propeller.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION AND KNOWN APPLICATIONS A marine propeller is designed to give optimum thrust to the marine vehicle it is attached to. parameters are taken into account. For example, the dimensions of the watercraft hull, the load parameters such as the amount of water, the engine power, the density of the water in which the vessel will be used. They are important design inputs in determining the impeller diameter and step amount to be produced.

A propeller of the type whose blades are designed statically according to the hub, once produced, If the step remains large against the conditions, it will become heavy and draw more power from the engine. must. On the other hand, if the step remains small, that is, if it is "light", you will not have enough power of the engine. can't pull. In both cases, propeller performance decreases. Its wings are static relative to the hub This type of propeller designed (the pitch cannot be changed) is "fixed pitch propeller". known as propeller.

If the propeller remains light, modification attempts do not yield any results, a new propeller is required. must be used. In case the propeller is heavy, diameter reduction can be made, however, this may present a number of problems (for example, due to the centrifugal mass balancing problem may occur, each blade meeting the water uniformly may not be possible). Such a modification is nevertheless high performance in all driving conditions. This does not mean that a propeller that provides changes (for example, when the load increases), the constant pitch propeller performance drops again. This For this reason, variable pitch type propellers are designed.

The type of propellers whose pitch also changes in the face of conditions such as changing boat speed and load. its use improves performance (thereby reducing fuel consumption). However, variable The blades of the step propellers are controlled according to each changing condition and the most suitable step is taken. It is rotated in certain amounts according to the wing hub so as to provide This situation, often requires the use of a complex and expensive control/drive mechanism.

The pitch settings of the propellers are the shaft at the highest final revolutions of the engine they are connected to. They are calculated according to the torque and horsepower, whereas the motors entering the economic course The difference between shaft torques and propeller torques at low and medium speeds. there are large percentages of torque and power differences. The propellers are weaker torque If they can have a harder step in these ranges because they produce their speed increases and they can be more economical, but simple solutions that meet these conditions does not appear to be available. Therefore, in a simple and inexpensive way, step shafts and propellers Calculated spontaneous stride of the blades at low revs where their power is different such as load, speed, etc., by gradually adjusting the automatic soft step from There is a need for a propeller that provides optimum thrust to the watercraft according to the changing conditions. is heard. Against such a need, by the same inventor, numbered 2013/09329 A solution is proposed in the application. Application 2013/09329 is basically the propeller manually driven by a key in the axis of the hub. a linearly actuated actuator, with this actuator and blades, a movement that is correlated to convert the movement of the blades to the radial rotational movement of the blades. discloses an assembly comprising a transfer vehicle. According to every changing navigational condition by means of the equipment subject to the application numbered 2013/09320. Propeller pitch adjustment can be performed simply and with a relatively inexpensive configuration.

However, the adjustment made essentially ensures that the propeller pitch is fixed at an optimum value. where the boat needs a softer propeller pitch (for example, in full-road condition of the engine to ensure sufficient thrust against high inertia forces) (such as providing under normal driving conditions) an automatically changing pitch setting is not possible. This situation reduces the propeller performance to some extent and a solution as described below requires.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is to adapt a watercraft to varying navigational conditions such as cargo, speed. is to provide a propeller that provides optimum thrust.

Another object of the invention is a propeller whose pitch can be adjusted in a simple and relatively inexpensive way. is to provide.

Purposely, the present invention is in a line driven by a watercraft engine. a substantially cylindrical hub fixed and hollow inside and radially outward from this hub various parts extending towards the hub and partially rotating about an axis in a radial direction to the hub. It relates to a pitch-adjustable marine propeller with a number of blades. inventive the propeller, an actuator capable of linear movement in the direction of the axis of the hub; this With the actuator and each blade, the linear movement of the actuator is controlled by the hub of each blade. at least one which is connected in such a way as to turn it into rotational motion in the radial direction with respect to its axis. motion transfer vehicle; and a flexible member associated with the actuator.

According to one embodiment of the invention, at least a portion of the actuator is axially in the hub. It can move linearly in the space created in the direction.

The external geometric form of the actuator is the geometric shape of the space opened inside the hub. form and the cross section of this form is preferably pentagon, square, etc. a angular geometry The pitch adjustable propeller according to one embodiment of the invention is already available. It contains a structure that can be adapted to its shafts. For this purpose, longitudinally on the propeller shaft a sleeve is placed and the actuator will make its linear movement on this sleeve It is placed on the hive in this way.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the linear motion of the actuator along the axis of the hub The movement is provided by a ball screw connected to the actuator.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the resilient member in contact with the actuator is a mechanical spring and especially the spiral spring.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES The embodiment of the present invention and the best use of its advantages with additional elements In order to be understood, it should be evaluated together with the figures explained below.

Exploded perspective view of the pitch adjustable propeller according to the invention in Fig. 1 given.

Figure 2 in the mounting position of the pitch adjustable propeller according to the invention and the key A sectional perspective view is given in the fitted condition.

Fig. 3 in case of mounting the pitch-adjustable propeller according to the invention without a hub. perspective view is given.

Assembling the pitch-adjustable propeller according to the invention without the conical part in fig. perspective view is given.

In Figure 5, the hub-wing connection detail is given in perspective view.

In Figure 6A, a perspective view of the blade and the motion transmission element combined given.

A perspective view of the wing is given in Figure 6B.

A perspective view of the actuator is given in Figure 7.

In Figure 8, a perspective view of the part of the actuator inside the hub is given.

In Figure 9, perspective view of shaft sleeve is given.

REFERENCE NUMBERS OF PARTS IN THE FIGURES 1 propeller shaft 1.1 Propeller shaft teeth 2 propellers 3 Belly 3.1 umbilical cavity 3.2 Wing seating surface 3.3 Blade connection opening 3.4 Belly o end 3.5 Hub rear end 3.6 Hub internal cavity surface 3.7 Actuator bearing surface 4 Actuators 4.1 Actuator running surfaces 4.2 Actuator seat 4.3 Actuator flange 4.4 Rod 4.5 Rod connection slots 4.6 Actuator disc 4.7 Spring seating surface 4.8 Actuator inner surface .1 Shaft threads .2 Key entry groove 6 shaft sleeve 6.1 Shaft sleeve cylinder 6.1.1 First cylinder stage 6.2 Shaft sleeve flange 6.3 Flange connection holes 7 Static balance disc 7.1 Disc mounting holes 8 Propeller union nut 9 Conical piece 9.1 Key entry hole 9.2 Conical part teeth 9.3 Spindle clearance Wing .1 Wing-hub connection end .2 Movement transmission media .3 motion transfer pin .4 O-rings .5 Motion transmission media bolt housing .6 Wing bolt housing .7 Wing terminal extension .8 Transmission media bolt .9 Additional bolt 11 Keys 12 Sagittarius 13 Spring stop plate 14 Spring abutment plate mounting bolt DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION As seen in Figure 1, the pitch adjustable propeller (2) according to the invention is a propeller. The shaft (1) is seated axially on it. Propeller shaft (1), sea to which it is attached It is driven by the vehicle engine (not shown in the figures).

The tooth (1.1) is opened for a certain distance on one end of the propeller shaft (1) and After the propeller (2) is seated on this shaft (1), a nut (8) It is fixed on the shaft (1) by threading it into the teeth (1.1) and tightening it.

The propeller (2) is preferably a cylindrical hub (3) and radially outward from this hub (3). it has a number of wings (10) extending towards it. The hub (3) has a front end (3.4) and a rear end. It has a tip (3.5) and includes a space (3.1) open along its axis. Stomach The cross section of the space (3.1) is preferably pentagonal, hexagonal, square along almost the entire axis. It contains a angular geometry such as Section at one end (3.5) of the umbilical cavity (3.1) geometry is partially circular and when passing from this circular section to the angular section, a cross-sectional narrowing occurs. This cross-sectional narrowing is a further defines a bearing surface (3.7) for the actuator (4).

The hub (3) consists of various numbers of circular openings along the thickness of the hub in the radial direction. it includes a wing connection opening (3.3). Around each blade connection opening (3.3) wing seating surfaces (3.2) are formed. These wing seating surfaces (3.2) Starting from its outer surface, it partially advances radially inward.

An actuator (4) that moves linearly in the direction of the hub (3) axis, the hub cavity It is partially inserted in (3.1). The actuator (4) has a longitudinal form and the hub It includes longitudinal actuator run-off surfaces (4.1) that go into its cavity (3.1). actuator the section geometry of the running surfaces (4.1) with the section geometry of the core cavity (3.1) it is compatible. That is, the section geometry of the actuator running surfaces (4.1) is preferably also pentagon, It contains angular geometry such as hexagon, square. In this case, the actuator run surfaces (4.1), the hub works together with the internal cavity surfaces (3.6). However, in terms of dimensions, the actuator the cross-section of the running surfaces (4.1) is slightly smaller than the cross-section of the core cavity (3.1) It is made so that it is possible for the actuator (4) to move linearly in the hub (3). can happen.

The interior of the actuator (4) has a cavity such that it has a circular cross-section along its axis. includes. The inner surface (4.8) form of the actuator (4) will sit on the propeller shaft (1) and its It is sized to move linearly on it.

They are arranged circularly in the radial direction on the running surfaces (4.1) of the actuator and There are actuator slots (4.2) formed in the same number as the number of blades. These slots The movement transfer pins (10.3), which will be explained later, are placed in (4.2).

The actuator protrudes radially outward on the other end side where the slots (4.2) are absent. includes an actuator flange (4.3). Actuator flange (4.3) It is located in its circular cross-section and preferably in the position where the actuator (4) advances to its maximum. rests on the bearing surface (3.7) of the hub.

The actuator (4) also includes rods (4.4) extending from the actuator flange (4.3) to the other end and this it comprises an actuator disk (4.6) to which the rods (4.4) are attached. Both the actuator flange Rod connection for connecting rods (4.4) on the actuator disc (4.6) as well as (4.3.) slots (4.5) have been created. The rods (4.4) are supplied circular and there is a gap in the middle of which the propeller connection nut (8) is located.

A circular arc in the form of a recess on the surface of the actuator disc (4.6) away from the hub (3) sitting surface (4.7) is formed. A spring (12) is preferably of the spiral spring type. This spring sits on the seating surface (4.7) by the Spring (12) a spring from the other end rests on the bearing plate (13). Therefore, the spring abutment plate (13) is removed from the actuator disc. (4.6) is positioned at a distance. Spring (12) stiffness, watercraft characteristics, cruise It can be selected as desired, taking into account parameters such as conditions.

A shaft (5) to be placed on the other surface of the spring bearing plate (13) and in its center is fixed. Fixing the shaft (5), the spring rest plate (13) with the spring (12) a joint inserted from the surface and entering the cavity moving into the shaft (5) It is provided with bolt (14). The end side of the shaft (5) that is close to the spring rest plate (13) axially threaded (5.1) over a distance. Axial from the other end of the shaft (5) A key entry hole (5.2) is formed, extending inwardly. This key entry The recess (5.2) may be in the form, for example, that can be turned with an Allen key.

To the rear end (3.5) side of the hub, so that the water coming out of the propeller (2) can flow smoothly. a conical part (9) having a tapering form is fixed. As seen in Figure 2 the inner part of the conical part (9) includes the spring (12), the spring abutment plate (13), the actuator disc (4.6), rods (4.4), propeller coupling nut (8) and relevant part of propeller shaft (1) It contains a space to contain it. The tapered part (9) is also shaped by the pointed end. It also includes a circular shaft space (9.3) extending axially from the start. to the shaft space (9.3) threads (9.2) are opened over a certain distance. Screw threads of conical part (9.2) are compatible with each other to work with the threads of the shaft (5.1). Conical part There is a key entry hole (9.1) on the pointed end (9). Conical part (9) in an undesirable situation, the hub (3) can be extended backwards and the threads (9.2) of said conical part are in this case on the inside of the elongated hub. configurable should be appreciated.

As seen in Figure 2, a key (11), such as an Allen key, is inserted into the key entry groove of the shaft. when inserted and rotated, the shaft threads (5.1) move over the conical part threads (9.2). it advances the spindle (5). Spindle (5) The spring pushes the bearing plate (13) to advance it and the spring (12) starts to compress and after a certain amount of compression depending on its rigidity it pushes the actuator disc (4.6) so that the actuator (4) is advanced axially.

Each wing (10) has a wing-hub connection end (10.1) that is connected with the hub (3).

The lower surfaces of the wing-hub connection ends (10.1), the wing formed on the hub (3) sits on the seating surfaces (3.2). However, this seating is a form-fitting it is not sitting, that is, it is a sitting with spaces, because as it will be explained a little later a spacer for the blades (10) to rotate in their radial direction to the hub axis. They must be seated.

On the underside of each blade-hub connection end (10.1) and in the blade connection opening (3.3) A motion transmission means (10.2) is provided to be found. Transferring motion The means (10.2) are preferably disc-shaped, with a Bolt slot (10.5) in the center of them. are available. A bolt hole (10 6) is formed on the underside of each wing (10).

When the motion transfer vehicle (10.2) is placed on the underside of the corresponding wing (10), the motion The bolt seat (10.5) of the transfer vehicle is aligned with the bolt seat (10.6) of the wing, and then the motion transmission vehicle (10.2) is fixed to its corresponding wing (10) by making a bolt connection.

This bolt (10.8) is preferably an allen type bolt and the bolt slots (10.5, 10.6) Once aligned, the allen bolt (10.8) is inserted from the inside of the hub (3) and an allen tightened with a key. The hub connection with the wing becomes more durable according to the situation. For this, additional bolts (10.9) can be used as seen in figure 5.

Each disc-shaped motion transmission means (10.2) is a certain distance from its center. one movement transfer pin (10.3) extending away from it and in the axial direction from it contains. Travel surfaces (4.1) of each actuation transfer pin (10.3) actuator It is shaped in such a way that it can be inserted into the relevant slot (4.2) created on it.

As mentioned above, when the shaft (5) is rotated and the actuator (4) is advanced, each The action transfer pin (10.3) located in the actuator seat (4.2) is stressed and the motion transfer pin (10.3) a little around the motion transfer medium (10.2) axis makes a turn. Thus, the disc-shaped motion transmission medium (10.2) also has its own center. rotates a little; because the motion transmission means (10.2) is rigidly connected to the hub (3). is not connected, that is, the motion transmission medium (10.2) moves relative to the hub (3) can. Movement transmission (10.2) in the hub (3) (in the blade connection opening) It is placed rotatably in a created space.

Each transmission means (10.2) is rigidly connected to its respective blades. When the motion transmission vehicle (10.2) turns, the wing (10) to which it is connected also turns into the hub (3). rotates about an axis radial to its axis (this blade rotation axis is for each blade). is different). Thus, the pitch of the blades (10) can be manually adjusted by means of a key (11). can be adjusted as desired.

Manual pitch adjustment according to the preferred embodiment of the invention, with initially stiff blades It is done in a way that will bring it to the step levels. Thus, the watercraft requires high thrust. In such cases, the surface areas of the blades (10) will be designed to meet more water. possible to configure. Cruising requiring a softer propeller pitch The propeller name changes automatically in case of transition to the conditions. This case spring (12) possible through it. As a matter of fact, the counterforce of water on the propeller blades (10) increases, forcing the actuator (4) to move backwards (toward the pointed end of the tapered part), and this the counterforce reaches such a value that it overcomes the resistance of the spring (12) and causes it to jam. and thus the propeller name changes automatically.

Between the actuator (4) and the shaft (5) there is no flexible material suitable for the purpose, other than the spring (12). element can be used. This flexible element may be, for example, a rubber material or, for example, can be a compressible fluid. If a fluid is used, this fluid is released to the atmosphere. It can be placed in a closed, expandable chamber.

As seen in Figure 5, downwards from the hub connection end (10.1) of each wing. there is a cylindrical extension (10.7) extending. Into the space of this extension (10.7) a projection extending upwards from the motion transmission means (10.2) is located. Wing An O-ring (10.4) is placed around the terminal extension (10.7). Thus, of the moving mechanism components (shaft threads, conical) that adjust the pitch of the blades (10) part teeth, transmission gear, etc.) to these components in case of oiling. water is prevented from entering.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the pitch adjustable propeller is readily available. It can also be designed to be adapted to the propeller shafts used. A saft for this the sleeve (6) is seated coaxially on the propeller shaft (1). shaft sleeve (6), one end a flange (6.2) on the side and a stepped cylinder (6.1) extending axially therefrom. contains. The diameter of the first stage (6.1.1) of the shaft sleeve cylinder, the diameter of the second stage (6.1.2) is larger than the diameter. The outer diameter of the second cylinder stage (6.1.2) is the outer diameter of the actuator (4) its circular inner surface (4.8) is slightly smaller than its diameter; thus the actuator (4) linearly above the cylinder stage (6.1.2) it can move.

The outer diameter dimension of the shaft sleeve flange (6.2) is essentially the same as the outer diameter dimension of the hub (3).

Put a hole on the propeller shaft (1) so that it comes to the other end of the shaft sleeve flange (6.2). static balancing disc (7) is attached. Static balance disc, axially opened throughout its thickness disc connection holes (7.1). In the mounting state, the front end of the hub (3.4) shaft rests on the sleeve flange (6.2) and is opened axially through the thickness of this flange (6.2). circular mounting holes (6.3), disc mounting holes (7.1) and the corresponding the hub is aligned with the circularly drilled connection holes at the front end; then like a bolt these components (static balancing disc, shaft sleeve and hub) by means of fasteners is fixed.

Possible mass in static balance disc (7), propeller hub (3) or blades (10) In order to increase the inefficient propeller performance that may occur as a result of imbalances used. Possible mass imbalances, for example, in the manufacture of the hub (3) or the blades (10) may be caused by errors. In this case, the unbalanced mass is against the static balance disc (7). is balanced by adding mass (counterweight).

Claims (3)

REQUESTS A substantially cylindrical hub (3) with a hollow inside (3.1) and fixed in a shaft (1) driven by a marine engine, and various miscellaneous parts extending radially outward from this hub (3) and partially rotatable about an axis in a radial direction to the hub (3). It is a pitch-adjustable marine propeller (2) with a number of blades (10), characterized by an actuator (4) that can move linearly in the axis of the hub (3); at least one movement transmission means (102) associated with said actuator (4) and each blade (10) such that it converts the linear movement of the actuator (4) into rotational movement about a radial axis relative to the axis of the hub of each blade (10); and a flexible element in connection with the actuator (4). A pitch adjustable propeller according to claim 1, further comprising a shaft sleeve (6) coaxially seated on the propeller shaft (1), wherein the actuator (4) can move linearly on the shaft sleeve (6). It is a propeller whose step can be adjusted according to claim 1 or Z in the figure, and its feature is that the said actuator (4) contains actuator slots (4.2) arranged circularly in the radial direction on the actuator (4). It is an adjustable propeller according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the actuator (4) has a longitudinal form and includes longitudinal actuator running surfaces (4.1) that enter into the hub cavity (3.1). It is an adjustable propeller according to claim 4, characterized in that the cross-section geometry of the hub cavity (3.1) is at least partially compatible with the section geometry of the actuator (4) and these section geometries preferably contain an angular geometry such as pentagon, hexagon or square. A pitch adjustable propeller according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains a cavity along the axis of the interior of the actuator (4) to have a circular cross-section; and the actuator axial clearance is sized to fit on the propeller shaft (1) and move linearly on it. It is an adjustable propeller according to claim 4, its feature is that the actuator (4) is separated from the actuator progress surfaces (4. 1) extending circularly arranged rods (4.4) and an actuator disc (4.6) to which these rods (4.4) are attached. A pitch-adjustable propeller according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the said motion transmission medium (10.2) is preferably in the form of a disc and includes a motion transfer pin (10.3) extending axially from and away from its center at a certain distance. pin (10.3) enters into said actuator slots (4.2). A pitch-adjustable propeller according to claim 8, characterized in that each motion transmission means (10.2) is fixedly connected to the respective blade (10), and is movable relative to the hub (3). It is a one-step adjustable propeller according to claim 1 or Z, the feature of which is a ball screw in connection with the actuator of the linear movement of the actuator along the axis of the hub. a conical part (9) having a tapering form that is fixed; and the conical part (9) includes a circular shaft space (9.3) extending axially therein starting from the pointed end; is that the conical part (9) contains screw threads (9.2) that open into this shaft space (9.3) for a certain distance and are compatible with the threads of the screw shaft (5). A pitch-adjustable propeller according to claim 11, characterized in that it includes a key entry hole (5.2) extending axially inward from one end of said ball screw (5), where key entry hole (5.2). 2) in the form that can be turned manually with a key. It is a pitch adjustable propeller according to claim 1 or Z, characterized in that the said flexible element is a mechanical spring, especially a spiral spring. It is a pitch-adjustable propeller according to claim 10, characterized in that the said flexible element is equipped with an actuator (4) at one end and a spring abutment plate (1 3) it is related. A pitch adjustable propeller according to claim 14, characterized in that said flexible element is a rubber material or a compressible fluid.