TH39749A - Coated glass is used to control solar light. - Google Patents

Abstract

DC60 provides solar light-controlling glass that exhibits acceptable visible light transmission, absorbs light at wavelengths near the infrared (NIR) frequency, and reflects mid-infrared (low emissivity) light, coupled with pre-selected colors within the visible light spectrum for reflected light. It also provides a method for creating improved solar light-controlling coated glass. The improved glass features a solar light-absorbing (NIR) layer composed of tin oxide with a doping element such as antimony, and a low-emissivity layer capable of reflecting mid-infrared light, composed of tin oxide with a doping element of fluorine or phosphorus. Separate rainbow-blocking layers, as described in the conventional art, generally do not necessarily result in a neutral (i.e., colorless) appearance for the coated glass. However, additional layers for rainbow masking may be combined with the two-layer groupings provided by this invention. If desired, multiple layers for solar control or multiple low-dispersion layers can be used. The NIR and low-dispersion layers may be separate components of a single tin oxide film, as both layers consist of dopant tin oxide. Similarly, a method for fabricating a coated glass for solar control has been provided. This solar control glass, with acceptable visible light transmission, will absorb light at wavelengths near the infrared (NIR) frequency and reflect mid-infrared (low-dispersion mid-IR) waves, along with pre-selected colors within the visible light spectrum for reflected light. Similarly, methods have been provided for creating coated glass for improved solar control. This improved glass features a solar energy absorbing layer (NIR type) composed of tin oxide with a dopant element such as antimony, and a low emissivity layer capable of reflecting mid-infrared rays, composed of tin oxide with a dopant element of fluorine or phosphorus. Separate iridescent masking layers, as described in the conventional art, do not generally need to achieve a neutral (i.e., colorless) appearance for the coated glass. However, additional iridescent masking layers may be combined with the two-layer grouping provided by this invention. If desired, multiple solar control layers or multiple low emissivity layers can be used. The NIR and low emissivity layers may be separate components of a single tin oxide film. Because the second layer consists of tin oxide with a dominant element, it also provides a method for making coated glass to control solar light.

Claims (47)

1. Solar-controlled glass with selected reflective colors, featuring a tin oxide coating to counteract rainbow chromatic aberration. This coating consists of at least two layers: a first layer absorbing NIR solar light, composed of tin oxide with a dopant selected from antimony, tungsten, vanadium, iron, chromium, molybdenum, niobium, cobalt, nickel, and mixtures thereof; and a second layer with low dispersion, composed of tin oxide with a dopant of fluorine or phosphorus. The thickness of the NIR absorption layer is between 80 and 300 nanometers, and the thickness of the low dispersion layer is between 200 and 450 nanometers. The visible light reflection from the tin oxide coating must be at least 6.2%. 2. The mirror of claim number 1, where the tin oxide coating is in direct contact with the mirror. 3. The mirror of claim 1, where the thickness of the NIR solar absorption layer will be from 200 to 280 nanometers and the thickness of the low dispersion layer will be from 250 to 350 nanometers. 4. A solar-controlled coated glass with a predetermined reflective color has a tin oxide film in direct contact with a glass containing at least two compound elements, with different concentrations of these elements on one surface of the film and on the opposite surface. The first compound element is selected from antimony, tungsten, vanadium, iron, chromium, molybdenum, niobium, cobalt, nickel, and mixtures of these elements, and the second compound element is fluorine or phosphorus. The first compound element comprises at least 50% of the compound element present on the first surface of the tin oxide film, forming a layer that absorbs NIR solar light within the tin oxide film adjacent to the first surface. The second compound element is present at a concentration of at least 50% of the compound element on the second surface of the film opposite the first surface. To create a low light dispersion layer within the tin oxide film adjacent to the second surface. 5. Coated glass for solar light control under Patent 4, whereby the first factor comprises at least 75% of the factor present in the tin oxide film in an amount of film initially bonded to the first surface and continuously bonded into the tin oxide film to a depth of at least 80 nanometers, and the second factor comprises at least 75% of the factor present in the tin oxide film in an amount of film initially bonded to the second surface and continuously bonded into the tin oxide film to a depth of at least 80 nanometers, whereby the area of the tin oxide film containing at least 75% of the second factor acts as a low dispersion layer and the area of the tin oxide film containing at least 75% of the first factor acts as a NIR solar light absorption layer. 6. Coated glass for solar control under Patent 1, where the solar absorption layer shall be between 220 and 260 nm thick, and the dopant concentration shall be between 2.5 and 7% by weight relative to the weight of tin oxide in the solar absorption layer; the low dispersion layer shall be between 280 and 320 nm thick, and the fluorine dopant concentration shall be between 1 and 5% by weight relative to the weight of tin oxide in the low dispersion layer; and the coated glass shall be of a neutral-blue color for reflected light. 7. The mirror of claim 1, whereby the solar absorption layer contains an antimony dopant in the range of 3 to 6% by weight relative to the weight of tin oxide in the solar control layer; the low-diffusion control layer is tin oxide containing a fluorine dopant in the range of 1 to 3% by weight relative to the weight of tin oxide in the low-diffusion layer; and the improved mirror is of a neutral-blue color for reflected light. 8. Coated glass of claim 1, whereby a solar light-absorbing layer is coated directly onto the glass and a low-light-diffraction layer is coated on top of that layer to control the solar light. 9. Coated glass for use in controlling solar light under any one of the claims 1 through 5, where the chosen light-reflecting color is red. 10. Coated glass for use in controlling solar light under any one of the claims 1 through 5, where the selected light-reflecting color is yellow. 11. Coated glass for use in controlling solar light under any one of the claims 1 through 5, where the chosen light-reflecting color is green. 12. Coated glass for use in controlling solar light under any one of the claims 1 through 5, where the chosen light-reflecting color is blue. 13. Coated glass for use in controlling solar light under any one of the claims 1 through 5, where the selected light-reflecting color is neutral-blue. 14. Coated glass for controlling solar light with predefined reflective colors, featuring a tin oxide coating to counteract rainbow chromatic aberration. This coating contains at least one dope element: a primary dope selected from a group including antimony, tungsten, vanadium, iron, chromium, molybdenum, niobium, cobalt, nickel, and mixtures thereof; and a secondary dope, fluorine and/or phosphorus. The primary dope is concentrated on one surface of the film, while its concentration is lower than the secondary on the opposite surface. The portion of the film adjacent to the primary dope acts as an absorber of NIR solar light within the tin oxide coating, while the portion adjacent to the secondary dope acts as a diffuser. The tin oxide coating exhibits low light reflection, with at least 6.2% visible light reflection. 15. The coating of the first claim, where the dope element for the solar absorption layer is antimony. 16. The coating of claim 15, whereby the doctrine antimony is derived from a source element consisting of antimony dichloride, antimony pentachloride, antimony diacetate, antimony triethoxide, antimony trifluoride, antimony pentafluoride or antimony acetylacetonate. 17. The coating of the first claim, where the dope element for the low dispersion layer is fluorine. 18. The coating of claim 17, whereby the doctrine fluorine is obtained from a source consisting of difluoroacetic acid, difluoroacetic acid, monofluoroacetic acid, ethyl trifluoroacetic acid, ammonium fluoride, ammonium bifluoride or hydrofluoric acid. 19. The coating of the first claim, whereby each layer of tin oxide is obtained by the pyrolysis of the source tin. 20. The coating of claim 19, where the source tin has been selected from the group consisting of monobutyltin trichloride, methyltin trichloride, dimethyltin dichloride, dibutyltin diacetate and tin tetrachloride. 21. The coated glass of claim 1, whereby the solar absorption layer shall consist of at least two solar absorption films and the total thickness of the solar absorption films shall be between 80 and 320 nanometers. 22. The coating of claim 21, whereby the concentration of the donithetic element in one film of the solar absorbing film differs significantly from the concentration of the donithetic element in another film of the solar absorbing film. 23. Coated glass of claim 1, whereby the low-dispersion layer shall consist of at least two low-dispersion films and the total thickness of the low-dispersion films shall be achievable between 200 and 450 nm. 24. Coated glass of claim 23, where the concentration of the donithetic element in one low-dispersion film differs from the concentration of the donithetic element in another low-dispersion film. 25. The coating of the first claim, in addition to that, includes the quantity used to change the color of the element, the dopant in the layer that absorbs the transmitted solar light. 26. The coating of the claim under clause 25, whereby the dopant element used in the said color change shall be fluorine or chlorine. 27. The coating of the claim under Article 1, which further incorporates chlorine as the dominant element in the light-absorbing layer. 28. The method for making coated glass under Patent 1 consists of sequential glass treatment at temperatures above 400 °C with: - a first carrier gas consisting of an oxygen source, water, a tin source, and a selected precursor element from a group consisting of antimony trichloride, antimony pentachloride, antimony triacetate, antimony triethoxide, antimony trifluoride, antimony pentafluoride, or antimony acetylacetonate; and - a second carrier gas consisting of an oxygen source, water, a tin source, and a selected precursor element from a group. Containing trifluoroacetic acid, ethyl trifluoroacetic acid, difluoroacetic acid, monofluoroacetic acid, ammonium fluoride, ammonium bifluoride, and hydrofluoric acid – to achieve this form by high-temperature decomposition (pyrolysis) of the NIR layer containing the dope antimony and the low-dispersion layer containing tin oxide with the dope fluorine. 29. The method for making the coated glass of Patent 1, which consists of glass that has been treated in a sequence at a temperature of over 400 °C with: - a first carrier gas consisting of an oxygen source, water, organotin, and a primary metal selected from the group of antimony, tungsten, vanadium, iron, chromium, molybdenum, niobium, cobalt, and nickel, and - a second carrier gas consisting of an oxygen source, water, organotin, and a primary metal selected from the group of antimony, tungsten, vanadium, iron, chromium, molybdenum, niobium, cobalt, and nickel. Containing fluorine or phosphorus – to achieve this form by high-temperature decomposition (pyrolysis) of the NIR layer composed of antimony, tungsten, vanadium, iron, chromium, molybdenum, niobium, cobalt, or nickel, or a mixture of these compounds, and a scattering layer which contains tin oxide with fluorine or phosphorus as the dopant. 30. The method of claim 28 or 29, where the mirror is in contact with the first carrier gas before it is in contact with the second carrier gas. 31. The method of claims 28 or 29, where the first carrier gas is also combined with a second carrier gas to produce a mirror product in which the NIR solar absorber layer contains a fluorine or phosphorus dopant in addition to an antimony, tungsten, vanadium, iron, chromium, molybdenum, niobium, cobalt, or nickel dopant. 32. The method of claim 28 or 29, where the first carrier gas also contains an initial element containing fluorine, chlorine, or phosphorus. 33. Method of claim 32, where the aforementioned initial element, which contains fluorine, chlorine, or phosphorus, may be trifluoroacetic acid, hydrochloric acid, or any one of the phosphorus trichlorides. 34. A method of claim 28 or 29 in which, in addition, the aforementioned first-type carrier gas also contains a film modifier selected from groups containing a primary element containing fluorine or phosphorus. 35. Glass products manufactured by any of the processes of claims 28 through 34. 36. The coated mirror of claim 1, which in addition incorporates a fluorine dopant in the NIR absorption layer, and where the reflected color of such mirror is different from the emitted color. 37. The coated mirror of claim 36, where the color reflected is neutral blue and the color transmitted is blue. 38. In the manner of either claim 28 or 29, where the first carrier gas also contains a second element containing fluorine or phosphorus, or a second element consisting of a metal selected from the group of antimony, tungsten, vanadium, iron, chromium, molybdenum, niobium, cobalt and nickel. 39. Method of Claim 38, where the aforementioned secondary source element was selected from trifluoroacetic acid, ethyl trifluoroacetic acid, trifluoroacetic acid, monofluoroacetic acid, ammonium fluoride, ammonium bifluoride and hydrofluoric acid. 40. Glass products manufactured by the methods of claim 38 or 39. 41. An NIR film composed of tin oxide containing an NIR dopant selected from a group of antimony, tungsten, vanadium, iron, chromium, molybdenum, niobium, cobalt, and nickel, and containing a fluorine dopant at an atomic concentration lower than the concentration of the aforementioned NIR dopants. 42. The film of claim 41, whereby the dopant element fluorine is present in sufficient quantity to modify the color of the light transmitted through the film. 43. An NIR film composed of tin oxide containing selected NIR dopant elements from antimony, tungsten, vanadium, iron, chromium, molybdenum, niobium, cobalt, and nickel. A color-modifying dopant is also present in sufficient quantities to modify and correct the color of light transmitted through the film. This dopant is selected from antimony, tungsten, vanadium, iron, chromium, molybdenum, niobium, cobalt, and fluorine. It is important to note that the selection of the color-modifying dopant differs from that of the NIR dopant, and when fluorine is selected, its atomic concentration is lower than the concentration of the NIR dopant. 44. Solar-controlled coated glass with a neutral blue color, featuring reflective and absorbent NIR layers and a low-dispersion layer. This glass consists of at least two coatings: one absorbent layer made of tin oxide with selected monomers from antimony, tungsten, vanadium, iron, chromium, molybdenum, niobium, cobalt, nickel, and alloys of these elements; and a second low-dispersion layer made of tin oxide with selected monomers from the fluorine or phosphorus groups. 45. Solar-controlled coated glass with a color rendering index of 12 or less, for reflective and low-reflectivity lighting, consisting of at least two coatings: one solar-absorbing layer composed of tin oxide with selected monomers from the groups antimony, tungsten, vanadium, iron, chromium, molybdenum, niobium, cobalt, nickel, and mixtures of these elements; and one low-reflectivity layer composed of tin oxide with selected monomers from the groups fluorine or phosphorus. 46. Coated solar light control glass with C.I.E. 1931 colorimetric x-coordinates between 0.285 and 0.310 and y-coordinates between 0.295 and 0.325 for reflected light, and with a NIR absorbing layer and a low-dispersion layer. This consists of a two-layer glass coated with one layer of absorbing solar light, composed of tin oxide with selected monomers from groups including antimony, tungsten, vanadium, iron, chromium, molybdenum, niobium, cobalt, nickel, and mixtures of these elements, and a second layer of low-dispersion, composed of tin oxide with selected monomers from groups including fluorine or phosphorus. 47. Coated solar light control glass with C.I.E. 1931 colorimetric x-coordinates between 0.285 and 0.325 and y-coordinates between 0.295 and 0.33 for reflective and absorbent NIR solar light and low dispersion layers, consisting of at least two layers of glass coated on top of each other, one layer of solar light absorption consisting of tin oxide with selected monomers from the groups antimony, tungsten, vanadium, iron, chromium, molybdenum, niobium, cobalt, nickel and mixtures of such elements, and a second layer of low dispersion consisting of tin oxide with selected monomers from the groups fluorine or phosphorus.