TH13006U - A digital data storage and fault monitoring device for power condition readings and alarms, with IP network data communication capabilities. - Google Patents

Abstract

This invention is a digital electrical condition reader and fault alarm device with IP network data communication capabilities, whether via copper wire, fiber optic, or wireless, and/or other similar communication systems. When electrical current flows into the analog-to-digital converter, the current signal is converted into a digital format and then sent to the current shift detection section. This section checks whether a time shift has occurred in the current signal and whether it has deviated from its normal state. If a change in the current signal time shift occurs, the time shift detection section sends this value to the overcurrent fault processing section, which then decides to send an alarm signal and/or record the data. A time delay is applied according to a pre-defined equation within the fault processing section for various fault conditions, including: ground fault, overvoltage/undervoltage, electrical arcing, and overcurrent.

Claims (9)

1. A digital electrical condition and fault alarm device with IP network communication consists of a main unit containing the electrical circuitry for reading values, a processing unit, and a data output connection unit. The unique electrical circuitry includes a voltage divider to reduce the voltage to a range readable by the analog-to-digital converter (ADC), and a current transformer (CT1) connected to the line wire to sensor the current (I), attenuating the current (I) before sending the measured current (I) value to a separate integrated circuit. The second integrated circuit, with an electrical conductor, a current transformer (CT2) connected between the line and neutral wires, acts as a current sensor by attenuating the current (I). When the current from the secondary side passes through the resistor, it becomes a voltage drop across the resistor, which is then sent to the microcontroller (MCU). There, it is read by an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) and calculated as leakage current. Or residual current (Earth Leak Current) to consider the occurrence of leakage current or residual current (Ground Fault: GFCI). 15 The first integrated circuit will have a digital signal processing (DSP) section. The current (I), voltage (V), and power factor (PF) values will be used to calculate the power (Active Power (P) and Reactive Power (Q)), and the electrical energy (Active Energy AE, Reactive Energy RE). There is a serial data transmission unit (SPI Interface) connection to transfer data to the data processing unit (MCU, STM32F373). The first integrated circuit has a flashing LED display circuit (LED CF1, CF2) for calibrating the 20-meter (AE, RE). The data processing unit (MCU) will receive the signal from the current transformer (CT1) to convert the values. The signal domain is converted from time to frequency (Fast Fourier Transfer Processing, FFT) to obtain a spectrum, which is then converted to RMS (Relative Strength Measurement) current. Both the spectrum and RMS current are then compared to predefined baseline values to detect arc faults (AFCI). The second part of the three-page data processing unit (MCU) retrieves voltage (V), current (I), power (active power (P) and reactive power (Q)), and active energy (AE, reactive energy (RE)) from the first integrated circuit for comparison with predefined baseline values. This is followed by the processing unit itself. The device also has a battery backup to power only the 5 units of static RAM of the machine learning unit (MCU). 2. A digital electrical condition and fault alarm device with a communication component that transmits data via an IP network under claim 1, where the data connection is sent to a server via a USART (Universal Synchronous and Asynchronous Serial Receiver and Transmitter) port in the transceiver section of a cable or fiber optic system (RS485 Transceiver). 10 3. A digital electrical condition and fault warning device with a communication component that transmits data via an IP network under claim 1, where data is sent to a server via a USART (Universal Synchronous and Asynchronous Serial Receiver and Transmitter) channel to a wireless module using at least one WiFi, 3G, or 4G system. 4. A digital electrical condition reader and fault alarm with IP network communication capabilities, pursuant to any one of claims 1-3, which includes a current transformer (CT1) connected to the line wire to act as a current sensor (I) by attenuating the current (I) according to the transformer winding ratio of 1000:1. 5. A digital electrical condition reader and fault alarm with IP network communication capabilities, pursuant to any one of claims 1-4, in which a 20Ω current transformer (CT2) connected between the line and neutral wires acts as a current sensor by attenuating the current (I) according to the transformer winding ratio of 1000:1. 6. A digital electrical condition and fault warning device with IP network communication capabilities, pursuant to any one of claims 1-5, where the processing unit (MCU) is the STM32F373 MCU (page 3 of 3). 7. A digital integrated circuit (ICC) with IP network communication capabilities, compliant with any one of claims 1-6, whereby the first integrated circuit is the ADE753. 8. A digital electrical condition and fault warning device with 5 data storage capabilities and IP network communication capabilities, pursuant to any one of claims 1-7, in which a current transformer (CT2) connected between the line and neutral wires acts as a current sensor by attenuating the current (I) when the current exiting the secondary side passes through a 10-ohm resistor. 9. A digital electrical condition and fault warning device with IP network communication capabilities, pursuant to any one of claims 1-8, where the transmitter/receiver of the 10 cable or fiber optic system is an RS485 transceiver.