SU999957A3 - Mixer - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to mechanisms for processing or preparing mixtures consisting of granular media in combination with powders, liquids or gases, and may find application in ₅ chemical and other industries.

A known mixer comprising a housing with an internal helicoidal cutting of variable depth and coaxially installed in the housing 'a screw with a helicoidal cutting of the opposite direction. D helicoidal cutting of a screw in the mixing zone has a variable depth, decreasing ₁₅ with increasing depth of cutting of the case or vice versa £ l] .

However, the known mixer does not provide sufficient inter-stirring. ₂ o

The aim of the invention is the intensification of mixing.

This goal is achieved by cutting the screw. and the case in the mixing zone is made multi-start with a variable number of approaches, increasing with decreasing depth ₍ slicing.

In addition, the auger and the housing are made of separate rings with a different number of cuts.

At the same time, the depth of slicing increases from the entrance and exit of the mixing zone to its central part.

In FIG. 1 shows a rubber mixer with a cold feed, sectional view; in FIG. 2 - embodiment of the screw; in FIG. 3 “housing in the mixing zone, cut; nafig. 4 - sweep of the mixer screw; in FIG. 5 - development of the housing in the mixing zone; in FIG. 6 - combined scan of the screw and housing in the mixing zone; in FIG. 7 * scan of the housing in the mixing zone, made of separately manufactured rings.

In the cold-loaded rubber mixer (Fig. 1), the screw 1 is rotatably mounted in the housing Z. It has an inlet 3 and an output flange 4 and both heating and cooling are provided for both the housing and the screw.

On the output flange, 5 known devices such as an extruder head, a grate, a granulating head, fixed knives or other similar devices can be mounted. YU

The auger contains a loading and compression section 5 with a single-wound helical thread 6, which leads to the first bias zone a, and an output section 7 with a double-wound helical 15 thread 8, following the second mixing zone b. Both screw sections 5 and 7 rotate in the cylindrical parts of the housing. The loading section 5 may have known means for transporting forward 20 non-softened rubber, for example a hollow, forward.

In the first zone and the mixing housing has a first section with dvadtsatizahodnoy thread 9 and a second section 25 with de syativitkovoy thread 10, while the second zone ⁿ b ⁿ desyativitkovuyu first section comprises a thread 10, for which there is a portion with a thread 11 dvadtsatizahodnoy ( Fig. 3). thirty

The screw 1 continues thread single-pass 12 in the first mixing section and the number of entries gradually increases to four in the thread _13} quadrifilar which remains until the end of zone 35 ⁿ a ^m. B. In the mixing zone b, the auger begins with a four-way compound thread 14. and ends with a two-way compound thread 15 that extends beyond zone b. 40

As regards the number of thread starts, their number is changed so as to supplement the number of threads along the length of each mixing zone, i.e. new calls appear gradually. This 45 eliminates the delay of still poorly softened rubber, which occurs if additional thread starts would start abruptly and in one section. fifty

Another embodiment of the screw 1 (FIG. 2), wherein in the mixing zone and gradually increase zahod.ov eight along and across the channel formed by the initial single filar ₅₅ thread 6, and continues as vosmizahodnaya thread 17 until the end of zone a.

In contrast to the variant (Fig. 1) ^ the cross-sections of the grooves formed by the eight-way thread 17 decrease not to zero, but to a minimum _ minimum, and in zone b they increase again during the eight-thread 18. In zone b, the number of starts_ decreases to four-way thread 19, going to the end of zone b. After that, the output section 6 of the screw continues with a double thread 20.

The number of visits of various sections is indicated under the auger (Fig. 2).

At the same time, in the mixing zone, the depth of the auger cutting decreases with an increase in the depth of the body cutting and, conversely, with a decrease in the depth of the cutting, the number of its approaches increases.

The mixer housing can be made, for example, from five rings 21-25.

Ring 21 has a forty-way thread with a helical angle of 68 °, ring 22 has a twenty-way thread with an angle of 59 °, ring 23 has a ten-way thread with an angle of 59 °, and rings 24 and 25 have ten-way threads with helicoid angles, equal to 59 and 68 °, respectively.

This indicates that, depending on the nature of the surface effect, for example, for cutting a material whose viscosity decreases rather quickly with softening, it is possible to change the angle of the helicoid towards the 45th angle of maximum forward transportation in order to make the helicoidal grooves smaller and, therefore, the ratio of the width to the depth of the grooves is minimal, in addition to reducing the number of thread starts with increasing depth of the grooves.

Similarly to housings, the screws can be made of rings having helical threads on the outer sides and fitted to each other, for example, on the internal spindle and, in addition, connected to each other to transmit torque.

The manufacture of housings and screws from rings is preferable for a device of large sizes, since they are easier to manufacture, since this can compensate for the additional work on the manufacture of rings fitted to each other

999957 6 to a friend, and to eliminate leaks from the appliance for the distribution of the input heating and cooling.

In addition, the inserts of the housings and parts of the mixer screws can be made of parts of the rings available in stock 5 for the manufacture, as necessary, of various geometry of the mixers.

In the manufacture of the rings past mixers can be Vanir ¹⁰ The use for prefabricated in different relative angular positions, whereby continuous thread starts may either coincide or not coincide with each other. ¹⁵ If the approaches do not coincide, you can add additional characteristics of the casting stream.

The mixer operates as follows. 20

Unvulcanized rubber in the form of strips, particles (granules) or powder. inserted into the hole 3 and the screw 1 is transported toward the first zone and the mixing and simultaneously carried ²⁵ schestvl'yaetsya its compression to remove air.

At the entrance to zone a, the very top; The layers of the flow fall into twenty runs of the thread 9 of the body, which starts from zero depth to a depth to width ratio of approximately one. During this transfer, these layers are divided and cut due to the relative rotation 35 and at the same time as a result of the same relative rotation, transportation is carried forward along the shallow grooves of the sleeve. Here there is 1x20 = 20 points Cross-section of thread vertices, or cutting points for resolving action in each section.

In the helicoidal canap of the screw, a new 45th thread entry penetrates the rubber stream, separating the material that is still poorly softened and distributing it along the helicoidal channel, which makes the other two approaches 12, growing across and along the helicoidal channel. Due to this, the flow does not meet obstacles, but is distributed across to the rear edge of the initial helicoidal channel, ₅₅ where the pressure is less and, depending on the conditions, there is free simpler rubber.

After passing through three approaches 12, the flow in the screw will move along four parallel helicoidal grooves 13, which will be filled and which, for good transportation, at the deepest points, have a width to depth ratio of about one, etc. .

The finished product is fed to section 6 and removed from the mixer. The use of the present invention allows to increase productivity by more than 50 ° upon obtaining a very even material of treads (productivity from 40 to 630 kg / h at a temperature of the outgoing material, about 5 ° C lower, although it was possible to increase the speed of rotation of the screw from 86 to 108 rpm)·

Claims (3)

The invention relates to mechanisms for treating or preparing mixtures consisting of bulk media in combination with powders, liquids and gases, and may find application in the chemical and other industries. A mixer is known, comprising a housing with internal helicoidal cutting of variable depth and a screw mounted in the housing with a helicoidal cutting of the opposite direction. The helicoid cutting of the screw in the mixing zone has a variable depth decreasing with increasing depth by | eiz1 and the housing or vice versa fl. However, the known mixer does not provide sufficiently inactive mixing. The aim of the invention is to intensify mixing. The goal is achieved by cutting the auger. and the bodies in the mixing zone are made multiple with a variable number of visits, increasing with decreasing depth of cut. In addition, the screw and the body are made of separate rings with different number of cutting passes. At the same time, the depth of the threaded body increases from the entrance and exit of the mixing zone to its central part. FIG. 1 shows a cold-fed rubber mixer; a slit; in fig. 2 shows an embodiment of the screw; in fig. 3 housing in the mixing zone, section; .4 - sweep of the mixer blender; in fig. 5-scan of the housing in the mixing zone; in fig. 6 shows a combined development of the auger and the housing in the mixing zone; in fig. 7 A scan of the housing in the mixing zone, made of separately manufactured rings. In the cold-loading rubber mixer (Fig. 1), the screw 1 is rotatably mounted in the housing 39. It has an inlet version 3 and an outlet flange 4 and is heated and cooled both in the case and in the auger. Such known devices as the extruder head, the granulating head grating, fixed knives or other similar devices can be mounted on the output flange. The auger contains a loading and compression section 5 with a single-lateral helicoidal thread 6, which leads to the first displacement zone a, and an output section 7 with a two-thread helicoidal thread 8 following the second zone, b mixing. Both screw sections 5 and 7 rotate in cylindrical parts of the housing. The loading section 5 may have known means for transporting unforgettable cutting forward, for example, hollows. In the first mixing zone a, the housing has a first section with a twelve-thread 9 and a second section with a ten-thread thread 10, while in the second zone the first section contains a ten-thread thread 10, behind which a part with a twenty-thread thread 11 {Fig. 3). The auger 1 continues with a single thread 12 in the first mixing section and the number of entries gradually increases to four in the thread 13; which remains tetrazakhodnry to the end of zone a. In the mixing zone b, the screw begins with a composite four-way thread 1. and ends with a composite two-way thread 15 extending beyond the zone b. As for the number of thread starts, their number varies so as to complement the number of threads along the length of each mixing zone, i.e. new approaches 16 appear gradually. This eliminates the delay of the still poorly softened rubber, which occurs if additional thread starts would start abruptly and in one section. Another embodiment of the screw 1 (Fig. 2), in which, in the mixing zone a, eight frogs gradually grow along and across the channel formed by the initial single-thread 6, and continue as an eight-thread 17 to the end of zone a, 7 In contrast to the variant (Fig .1) the cross-sections of the grooves formed by the eight-thread 17 are not reduced to zero, but to a minimum, and in it it increases again over the eight-thread 18. In zone b, the number of passes decreases to four-way thread 19 extending to the end of the zone b. Thereafter, the exit section 6 of the screw continues with a two-thread thread 20. The number of entries of the various sections is indicated under the screw (Fig. 2). At the same time, in the mixing zone, the depth of cutting of the screw decreases with an increase in the depth of cutting of the body and, conversely, with a decrease in the depth of cutting, the number of its approaches increases. The mixer body can be made, for example, of five rings 21-25. Ring 21 has sorozazhodnaya thread with a helicoid angle equal to 68 °, ring 22 has a twenty-thread thread with an angle of 59 °, ring 23 has a ten-thread thread with an angle of 59 °, and rings 2 and 25 have ten thread with angles helicoids, respectively 59 and 68 °. This indicates that, depending on the nature of the surface effect, for example, for cutting material, the viscosity of which decreases rather quickly with softening, it is possible to change the angle of the helicoid to the angle of the maximum forward angle to make the helical grooves smaller and, therefore, the ratio of the width to the depth of the grooves is minimal, in addition to decreasing the number of thread turns with increasing depth of the grooves. Similarly to the housings, the screws can be made of rings having helical threads on the outer sides and fitted to each other, for example, on the internal spindle and, moreover, connected to each other for transmitting torque. It is preferable to fabricate housings and augers from rings for large-sized devices, since they are easier to make, since this can compensate for the additional work of making rings fitted to each other and for eliminating leaks during heating and cooling. In addition, the inserts of the housings and the mixer screws can be made from the parts of the rings that are in stock for the manufacture, according to need, of various mixer geometries. In the manufacture of mixers from rings, the latter can be used for prefabricated structures in different relative angular positions, with the result that continuous thread inserts can either coincide or not coincide with each other. If the approaches do not match, you can add additional characteristics of the stream casting. The mixer works as follows. Uncured rubber in the form of strips, particles (granules) or powder is introduced into hole 3 and transported by screw 1 to the side of the first mixing zone and simultaneously compressed to remove air. At the entrance to the zone, the very layers of the stream fall into twenty of the thread 9 of the housing, which starts from zero depth to a depth-to-width ratio of about one. During this transfer, these layers are divided and cut for relative rotation estimates and at the same time as a result of the same relative rotation, they are transported forward along shallow sleeve grooves. There are intersection points of thread tops, or cutting points for allowing action in each section. In the helical channel of the screw, a new entry of 12 threads penetrates the rubber flow, the section is still poorly softened and spreads it along the helical channel, which is done by the other two runs 12, growing across and along the helicoidal channel. Due to this, the flow does not encounter any obstacles, but is distributed across to the rear edge of the original helicoidal channel, where the pressure is less and, depending on the conditions, there is free space for distributing the incoming rubber. After passing three passes 12, the flow in the auger will move along four parallel helicoidal grooves 13, which will be filled and, which are well transported, at the deepest points have a width to depth equal to the example unit, etc. The finished product is fed to section 6 and removed from the mixer. The use of the invention allows to increase productivity by more than $ 0% in obtaining a very even material of protectors (performance from 0 to 630 kg / h at a temperature of the outgoing material, approximately lower, although it was possible to increase the speed of rotation of the screw from 86 to 108 revolutions per minute). Claim 1. A mixer comprising a body with variable helicoidal internal threading and a screw coaxially mounted in the body with opposite-direction helicoidal threading, wherein the helicodonal screw cutting in the mixing zone has a variable depth that decreases with increasing depth of the body cutting, or vice versa, differs in that, in order to intensify the mixing, the threading screw and the casing in the mixing zone are made multiple with a variable number of visits, increasing with decreasing depth cuttings. 2. The mixer according to claim 1, of which is the fact that the auger and the body are made of separate rings with different number of cutting passes. 3. The mixer for l, 1. from the l and h with the fact that the depth of cutting of the body increases from the entrance and exit of the mixing zone to its central part. Sources of information accepted.-in attention in the examination 1. Herrman-X. Auger machines in technology. L., Himi, 1975, p. . IS to S a S 10 ,, 20 Rig.Z cpazM 21 22 23 2if 25 FIG. 7