SU997132A1

SU997132A1 - Gas-filled protective discharger

Info

Publication number: SU997132A1
Application number: SU813276274A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Марат Агубечирович Хузмиев; Эдуард Михайлович Беляев; Владимир Васильевич Тимофеев
Original assignee: Предприятие П/Я А-3609
Priority date: 1981-04-14
Filing date: 1981-04-14
Publication date: 1983-02-15

Description

Изобретение относитс к газоразр дным приборам с твердыми катодами, а именно к составу газового наполнител защитных разр дников, и может . быть использовано на предпри ти х, выпускающих подобные прибоЕ 4. .Одним из основных требований, предъ вл емых к защитным разр дникам, вл етс стабильность напр жени пробо при большой долговечности прибора .This invention relates to gas discharge devices with solid cathodes, namely to the composition of the gas filler of protective dischargers, and it can. to be used in enterprises producing similar gears. 4. One of the basic requirements for protective discharges is the stability of the breakdown voltage with a long device durability.

Известен газонаполнительный защитгный разр дник, содержащий алюминиевые электроды, помещенные в герметрэированный корпус, заполненный смесью аргона и.водорода. Прочна окисна пленка , покрывающа алюминиевые электроды , устойчива к бомбардировке ионами, поэтому электрические параметры данного разр дника при эксплуатации в режиме тлеюгцего разр да стабильны 1J .A gas-filling surge is known, containing aluminum electrodes placed in a hermetically sealed casing filled with a mixture of argon and hydrogen. Durable oxide film covering aluminum electrodes is resistant to ion bombardment, therefore, the electrical parameters of this detector are stable for 1J.

Однако при импульсных пробо х с повышенной энергией окисна пленка быстро разрушаетс , эмиссионные свойства поверхности электродов измен ютс , что приводит к недопустимому изменению напр жени пробо разр дников и ВЕЛходу их из стро .However, in pulsed high-energy breakdowns, the oxide film quickly collapses, the emission properties of the surface of the electrodes change, which leads to an unacceptable change in the voltage of the discharges and their output.

Наиболее близким техническим реше нием к изобретению вл етс газонаполнительный защитный разр дник, содержащий алюминиевый катод и по крайней мере один анод, расположенные в герметизированном корпусе, заполненном газовой смесью, включающий кислород и углекислый газ. Кроме данных газов в состав наполнител входит азот при следующих соотношени х компонентов , %: кислород 9-10; углекис10 лый газ 40-45; азот 45-51. Наличие в газовой смеси кислорода способствует поддержанию сло окиси на электродах при работе разр дника в импульсном режиме, а згглекислый газ, разла15 га сь при импульсном разр де на окись углерода и кислород, восполн ет убыль кислорода, расходуемого на окисление электродов 2.The closest technical solution to the invention is a gas-filled protective discharge containing an aluminum cathode and at least one anode located in a sealed enclosure filled with a gas mixture comprising oxygen and carbon dioxide. In addition to these gases, the filler contains nitrogen at the following ratios of components,%: oxygen 9-10; carbon dioxide gas 40-45; nitrogen 45-51. The presence of oxygen in the gas mixture helps to maintain the oxide layer on the electrodes when the discharge device is operating in a pulsed mode, and the sour-dioxide gas, which decomposes during a pulsed discharge to carbon monoxide and oxygen, compensates for the loss of oxygen consumed to oxidize the electrodes 2.

Однако при таком газовом наполне However, with such a gas full

20 НИИ напр жение пробо разр дника велико , так как все газовые компоненты имеют большой потенциал ионизации. В то же врем дл защиты большинства линий св зи необходимы разр дники с 20 The scientific research institutes, the discharge voltage is high, since all gas components have a large ionization potential. At the same time, to protect most communication lines, dischargers with

25 относительно небольшим напр жением пробо . Снизить пробивное напр жение можно уменьшением межэлектродного рассто ни , однако при чрезмернс уменьшении этого рассто ни надежность 25 relatively small voltage breakdown. The breakdown voltage can be reduced by decreasing the interelectrode distance, however, if the distance is too short

Claims

30 dischargers are dropping due to the possibility of icopoTKoro closure electrodes. In addition, since the use of a gas-assisted gas generator is impossible in a discharge chamber with such gas filling, gas filling of steam and water components is very likely to occur in gas filling, but in this case high-active nitrogen compounds are formed during pulsed breakdowns in the junction box. , which interact with the surface layer of the electrodes, change their emission properties and pcidoTy of electron microscopes. Therefore, it is not possible to achieve a substantial improvement in the stability of the electrical parameters and an increase in the durability of the arrester during its operation in pulsed mode. The aim of the invention is to increase the durability of protective arresters while ensuring low sample voltages. This goal is achieved by the fact that in a gas-filled protective discharge containing an aluminium cathode and at least one anode,. located in a sealed enclosure filled with a gas mixture comprising oxygen and carbon dioxide, an inert gas is additionally introduced into the composition of the gas mixture when we follow. the ratio of components, about. %: Oxygen 0.3–10.0 Carbon dioxide 0.3–10.0 Inert 1az Else The content in the mixture of less than 0.3% oxygen slightly affects the stability of the breakdown voltage in the test process in a pulsed mode, if the oxygen content exceeding 10% of the discharge voltage of the surge greatly increases, which minimizes the positive effect of the introduction of inert gas. When the carbon dioxide content is less than 0.3%, the discharge parameters become unstable by the middle of the service period, which should be explained complete decomposition of the coal stock gas. and the termination of its stabilizing effect, as described above; if carbon dioxide is greater than 10%, with an oxygen content close to the upper limit, the proportion of inert gas decreases too much, and the voltage of the discharge discharge with the proposed filling approaches the voltage of the breakdown when filled with a known mixture, i.e. The post-peak effect is not achieved, which consists in reducing the breakdown voltage research institute. When the content in the gas mixture is 2.5% oxygen and 5% carbon dioxide, mixtures are used in which helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon were used as inert gas. The dischargers are filled to the same pressure (80 mm Hg). Art.) In this case, the relative voltage spread of prototype prototype samples differed little, but the test voltage, compared to arresters with a known mixture, is for the listed range of inert gases; 0.85, 0.78, 0.52, 0.36, 0.33. Thus, helium and neon are applicable if the breakdown voltage of arresters is unimportant. The lowest breakdown voltages are observed with the introduction of krypton and xenon. In the case of argon, the breakdown voltage is higher, but the great advantage of argon is its. significantly less cost than other inert gases. With gas filling of the following volumetric composition: krypton - 96, 5%; oxygen - 1.5%; carbon dioxide - 2%, with a pressure of the gas mixture mm Hg. Art., prototypes of dischargers with aluminum cathodes, additionally molded during pumping and trained after desoldering the devices, provide in the pulsed mode durability 4 times higher than the established technical conditions of VISS, while the voltage of the breakdown is within 340-500 B. The proposed offset allows to increase the durability when operating in a pulsed mode while ensuring the stability of the electrical parameters. Despite the presence in the gas mixture of components with high ionization potential, it is easy to perform under mass production conditions with a low voltage of up to 400 V, with the necessary reliability of the discharge, which ensures the safe operation of most types of communication lines. Claims of the invention Gas-filled protective gaps containing an aluminum cathode and at least one anode located in a sealed enclosure filled with a gas mixture comprising oxygen and carbon dioxide, characterized in that, with an increase in durability while ensuring low breakdown voltage, the composition of the gas an inert gas was additionally introduced to the mixture in the following ratio of components, vol.% Oxygen 0.3-10.0 Carbon dioxide 0.3-10.0 Inert gas - Other Sources of information taken into account during the examination 1. T Gunov G.A. Electrovacuum and semiconductor devices. , m., -L., Gosenergoizdat, 1962, p. 344.

2. Copyright certificate USSR 303673, cl. H 01 J 17/20, 1962