SU996402A1 - Composition for making heat insulating material - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to compositions of thermal insulation materials in the form of plates and cardboards, which can be used to obtain structural insulation panels, as well as for thermal insulation of thermal units in the interval (-200) - (+ 800 °) C,

In connection with the introduction of a modular shipbuilding system, panels for finishing ship rooms (partitions between cabins) are made of heat insulating plates with double-sided veneer. At the same time, in accordance with the international convention on saving lives at sea, only non-combustible materials, including heat-insulating materials, are allowed to be used in the construction of ships.

Thermal insulation material is known, consisting of thin staple fibers, clay binder, super thin staple mineral fiber, and hydrophobic additive. In terms of its strength and thermal insulation characteristics, it meets the requirements for materials for the manufacture of panels of modular systems 1.

However, it has a limiting application temperature (d).

A heat insulating material is also known, consisting of basalt superfine fibers with a diameter of up to 1.5 mm and a clay binder, which has good heat insulating properties 2.

However, the material has limited bending and peel strength. In addition, the stress causing 10% strain

compression does not exceed 0.2 kgf / cm.

So low

strength characteristics do not allow it to be used to obtain three-layer panels. Such a mass, due to limited porosity when forming on a drum vacuum filter, develops high resistance to filtration, as a result of which it is impossible to form products with a thickness of more than 20 mm from such a mass.

The closest in composition to the invention is a heat insulating material consisting of basalt super toner fiber, expanded perlite sand, and concrete colloid 3.

However, the known heat-transfer material is characterized by a small

strength, which makes it impossible to use it to obtain structural panels.

The aim of the invention is to increase the strength of the material during bending, compression and delamination.

This goal is achieved by the fact that the mass for the manufacture of heat insulating material containing basalt fiber, bentonite and expanded perlite sand, contains basalt fiber as a basalt fiber with a diameter of 2 microns, and as expanded resin of perlite sand - expanded resin perlite sand of a fraction of 0.141, 25 mm in the following ratio, wt.%:

Basalt

staple

fiber

diameter

up to 2 microns 45-80

Bentonite 15-30

Swollen. .

perlite 1.

sand fraction

0.14-1.25 mm 5-25

Despite the introduction of expanded perlite into a mass of up to 25%, the heat insulating material of this mass has higher rates of flexural strength, compression and dispersion due to an increase in the content of clay binder in the oil. This reduces the porosity of the formed mass due to the fact that the expanded perlite sand, having a grain size of 250-500 times the size of basalt fibers, generally increases the size of the pores and reduces the filtration resistance.

This makes it possible to increase 1.3-2 times the thickness of the formed product with similar parameters of formation by suction using a vacuum filter.

As raw materials, basalt superfine fibers with an average diameter of 0.9 µm, bentonite of the Cherkassy deposit, converted to the sodium form by ion exchange, and expanded perlite sand with a grain size of 0.14 mm are taken.

The hydromass is prepared on the basis of obtaining the material of the composition. In% by

mass in dry terms):

Basalt

staple

fiber

diameter

0.9 µm58

Bentonite22

Swollen

perlite

sand fraction

0.1420

To obtain the mass, water and bentonite are mixed into the laboratory pulper and stirred for 1-2 min.

Next, basalt fibers are loaded and clay-fiber hydromass is prepared. Preparation time 5 minutes.

Perlitic sand is added to the prepared hydromass. The loaded mass was stirred for 2. min, after which samples were molded from the laboratory vacuum filter for 2 minutes by suction at a vacuum of 0.82 kgf / cm. The formed samples are dried in a cabinet at 200 s. The average thickness of the molded specimens is 38.5 mm.

Data component compositions proposed and known masses are given in table. 1 (in% by weight in terms of dry substance).

Physico-technical indicators of materials are given in table. 2

It can be seen from the table that when the content of perlite in the material is below the lower limit, the strength is almost preserved, however, the thickness of the molded sample decreases. When the content of perlite in the material is above the upper limit, although there is a slight increase in the thickness of the molded sample, however, its strength is reduced by 2 times.

The proposed composition of the material can be used for the manufacture of structural thermal insulation panels for the finishing of the ship's premises instead of the currently used asbosilite in shipbuilding. According to the achieved strength characteristics, the material meets the requirements.

Table 1

Basalt staple fiber with a diameter of up to 2 microns. . 45.0 58.0

30.0 22.0

Bentonite

Expanded perlite sand fraction 0.14-1.25 mm 25.0 20, -0

Bulk weight, kg / m 163 204

Heat conductivity coefficient, W / m. M 0.042 0.045

Strength at static

0.61 0.73 bending, MPa

Tensile strength

0,009 0,013 at stratification, MPa

Stress at 10% linear strain

0.08 0.11 compression MPa

Thickness molded

sample, mm 41,5 38,5

Claims (1)

Claim of the invention Mass for the manufacture of heat insulating material containing basalt fiber, bentonite and expanded perlite sand, characterized in that, in order to increase the strength of the material in bending, compression and delamination, it contains as a bazgshtovogo WB54, 0 80.0 36.0 85.1 9.0 15.0 35.0 12.0 37.0 29.02.9 5.0 table 2 140 150,225 223 0.040 0.046 0.043 0.046 0.15 0.95 0.29 0.99 0,004 0.016 0.006 0.019 0.07 0.12 0.07 0.12 45.0 32.2 42.8 26.5 basalt staple fiber fibers up to 2 microns in diameter, and 0 expanded perlitic sand fraction of 0.14-1.25 mm as expanded perlite sand with the following ratio of components, wt%: Basalt staple 65 fiber 79964 with diameter up to 2 microns- 80 Bentonite15 -30 Expanded perlite sand fraction 5 0.14-1.25 mm5-25 Sources of information taken into account during the examination of 02 8 1. USSR Author's Certificate No. 551313, cl. C 04 B 43/02, 1976. 2, USSR Copyright Certificate No. 544642, cl, C 04 B 43/02, 1973. 3. USSR Author's Certificate in Application No. 2814727 / 29-33, cl. C 04 B 43/02, 1979 (prototype).