SU992615A1 - Cathode unit of aluminium electrolyzer - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to ferrous metallurgy in particular, can be used in electrolysis cells for aluminum.

The cathode device of an aluminum electrolysis cell is known, which contains a metal casing with a carbon hearth, heat insulating lining and current-carrying rods passing through the hearth G1 located in it.

The disadvantage is that the installation and disassembly of the cathode device requires a lot of labor during repair work, because the repair section has to be transported as a whole metal casing together with the bottom and heat insulating lining.

The closest to the proposed technical essence is the cathode device of the aluminum electrolysis cell, which contains a detachable metal casing, the upper part of which with the bottom is removable and accommodates a coal hearth, current withdrawal, rods passing through the hearth and heat-resistant, for example asbestos, gasket laid on the bottom, and the lower part is stationary and contains

heat insulating lining and a layer of backfill, for example alumina, laid on top of it, on which the bottom of the upper removable part of the casing is installed. With plug-in arrangements, since installation and disassembly of the cathode device is accelerated and simplified, eliminating labor-intensive. Work on the installation of the thermal insulating lining:; and re-masonry overhauls, and also increases the operational shelf life of the lining and rods 2 3.

The disadvantages of the device are: 15 with the embedding of steel current-carrying rods into the bottom blocks with cast-iron pouring, for which a special section is created in the overhaul workshop: lines for cast iron of special brands, bridge cranes, etc., labor-intensive assembly and disassembly, because of the placement of the current drain of the cores and pillows of the coal hearth, the metal intensity of the upper

25 parts.

The purpose of the invention is to simplify the design, reduce the laboriousness of installation and disassembly, improve the electrical contact of the coal feed with

Claims (2)

30 current leads, and also a decrease in metal consumption of the upper part of the cathode device. This goal is achieved by the fact that: a cathode device for an aluminum electrolysis cell comprising a stationary basement part with a thermal insulating lining and a removable upper part in the form of metallic leather, with a bottom including cathode blocks, a bottom mass cushion, and current-collecting rods, which are rigidly fixed bottom titsa. On the inner side of the bottom of the upper part, steel rods are also attached, which are embedded in a pillow, a bottom mass and an amount and orientation corresponding to the lead rods. The current rods are made in the form of transverse rigid beams. FIG. 1 shows the cathode device, a general view, a section; in fig. 2 shows section A-A in FIG. one. . The cathode device contains a detachable metal casing 1, in the upper removable part of which cathode blocks 2 are installed, mounted on a gasket made of heat-resistant material, for example, a pillow 3 of the bottom mass, in which steel rods 4 welded to the inner side of the bottom 5 are welded. The cathode device contains a heat insulating lining 7, on top of which a backfill 8 of refractory powder is laid. On the backfill 8, the bottom 5 of the upper removable part is installed. The diverter rods b are also the transverse beam of the rigid bottom 5, whereby they are given the appropriate configuration, for example an I-beam. Installation of the cathode device is started from the installation of the heat insulating lining 7. A layer of refractory powder (chamotte, alumina or vermiculite) is deposited on top of it, the thickness of which should exceed the height of the current-carrying rods by 25-30 mm. Steel sheets intended to serve as the bottom 5 are welded by current-withdrawing rods b made in the form of I-balls and steel rods 4 on the opposite side. Install the bottom onto the backfill and weld the side walls of the casing 1 to it. a cushion 3 of a heated bottom floor mass not more than 50 m thick, after which carbon cathode blocks — a bottom 2 — are mounted on the cushion. The rubble 4 serves to improve the contact of the bottom with the cushion 3 by increasing the surface and also to better adhere the bottom to the bottom mass d. They prefer to use rods 4 with a cross section not 15x15 mm and a length not exceeding the width to the light of the electrolyzer shaft. Fire backfill 8 is designed to provide ease of installation, as it is very difficult and difficult to grind bricks to current leads. Thus, removal from the body of the lower part and transferring their current-carrying stems to the outer wall of the bottom makes it possible not only to simplify the design of coal, but also to eliminate the destruction of single values as a result of the scientific research institute of temperature derivations of the current-carrying rods and at the free hearth. Performing the current rods in the form of transverse bottom stiffeners allows to combine the functions of the two epithets in one element and eliminate the stiffness beams, thereby reducing the crumb of the structure. In addition, the conductivity and PE conditions for installation and repair and maintenance work are improved. The loss of metal is significantly reduced (up to 10 tons per each electrolyzer) by eliminating the causes of impregnation with E7 electrolyte and heat insulation. The economic effect is 10,000 rubles. on one electrolyzer. Formula for reading 1. The cathode device of an aluminum electrolyzer containing a stationary basement with thermal insulating lining and a removable upper all-leather part in the form of a cathode bottom with the bottom, turn on the blocks, a pillow from a pudding mass and not more than one and a conductive erased) that with the aim of being unusually rude, reducing the life of the device (ontny works and labor-intensive, pei and electrolyzer, simplifying the construct and rigidly removing the cores from the bottom of the bottom. 1, 2. so te1: whom the con act to improve the electrical rod that is in contact with each bottom bottom of the inner steel rod is fixed, embedded in a pile from the bottom mass. pp. 1 and 2, t 3. The device is based on the fact that it has the capacity to reduce le maintenance pins, current withdrawal and X stiffening beams yen in the form of transverse Sources of information taken into account 5 during the examination 1. Lining of the cathedna. Assembly YOU, L., 1980. drawing. E-85959, CI 2. USSR author's certificate, c. 25 C 3/08, no. 327771 according to application 1981. / 7 ///// Г /// 7 / Ш / 77ШШШШ //////////t //////// 77/777 // pu.i