SU991113A1

SU991113A1 - Thermoelectric ice generator

Info

Publication number: SU991113A1
Application number: SU813281846A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Вячеслав Кириллович Гарачук; Владислав Альфонсович Гернер; Юрий Анатольевич Смирнов
Original assignee: Одесский Технологический Институт Холодильной Промышленности
Priority date: 1981-04-22
Filing date: 1981-04-22
Publication date: 1983-01-23

Description

Изобретение относится к холодильной технике, а именно к термоэлектрическим · льдогенераторам малой производительности, предназначенным для использования в бьпу, на предприятиях общественного питания, в медицинских учреждениях и т.п.5 Известен термоэлектрический льдогенератор, включающий блок питания/ термоэлектрическую батарею с отводом тепла от горячих спаев и корпус для образования льда, выполненный в виде ванны *° с оребренным дном и имеющий непосредственный контакт с холодными спаями термобатареи [1] .The invention relates to refrigeration, and in particular to thermoelectric · ice machines of low productivity, intended for use in public food establishments, in public catering establishments, in medical institutions, etc. 5 A thermoelectric ice machine is known, including a power supply unit / thermoelectric battery with heat removal from hot junctions and an ice casing made in the form of a bath * ° with a finned bottom and having direct contact with cold junctions of the thermopile [1].

Недостатком льдогенератора является его низкие энергетические показатели, ¹⁵поскольку подогрев корпуса путем реверса электротока для извлечения льда из ванны приводит к увеличению продолжительности замораживания последующих порций воды.The disadvantage of an ice maker is its low energy performance, ¹⁵ since heating the hull by reversing the electric current to extract ice from the bath leads to an increase in the duration of freezing of subsequent portions of water.

Наиболее близким к изобретению по технической сущности и достигаемому результату является термоэлектрический ’ 2 льдогенератор, содержащий теплоиэолиро*ванную ледоформу в виде усеченного корпуса, направленного меньшим основа- . нием вниз, термобатарею, имеющую тепловой контакт с ледоформой, блок питания и приспособление для извлечения льда [2j.The closest to the invention in terms of technical nature and the achieved result is a thermoelectric ’2 ice maker containing a thermo-electrified * ice form in the form of a truncated body directed to a smaller base. downward, a thermal battery having thermal contact with the ice form, a power supply unit and an ice extraction device [2j.

Однако извлечение готового льда из ледоформ в известном ледогенераторе сопряжено с дополнительными энергозатратами и весьма продолжительно во времени.However, the extraction of finished ice from the ice forms in the known ice maker is associated with additional energy consumption and is very long in time.

Цель изобретения - ускорение удаления льда из ледоформы.The purpose of the invention is to accelerate the removal of ice from the ice form.

Эта цель достигается тем, Что в термоэлектрическом ледогенераторе, содержащем теплоизолированную ледоформу в виде усеченного конуса, направленного меньшим основанием вниз, термобатарею, имеющую тепловой контакт с ледоформой, блок питания и приспособление для извлечения льда, последнее представляет собой установленную под ледоформой и отделенную от нее мембраной герметичную камеThis goal is achieved by the fact that in a thermoelectric ice maker containing a thermally insulated ice mold in the form of a truncated cone directed with a smaller base downward, a thermal battery having thermal contact with the ice mold, a power supply unit and an ice extraction device, the latter is installed under the ice mold and separated from it by a membrane sealed kame

РУ, Заполненную жидкостью с низкой температурой затвердевания, и размещенные в ней электроды для создания импульса давления, при этом блок питания имеет трансформатор с дополнительной обмоткой, ₅а электроды подключены к ней через ком-‘ мутирующий переключатель.RU filled with a liquid with a low solidification temperature and the electrodes placed in it to create a pressure pulse, while the power supply has a transformer with an additional winding, ₅ and the electrodes are connected to it through a switching switch.

На чертеже изображен предлагаемый льдогенератор, общий вид.The drawing shows the proposed ice machine, General view.

Термоэлектрический льдогенератор содержит теплоизолированную льдоформу 1, выполненную в виде усеченного конуса, и термобатарею 2, холодные спаи которой находятся в непосредственном контакте с льдоформой 1, а горячие план сообщены с теплообменником 3. В днище льдоформы 1 имеется герметичная камера 4, заполненная жидкостью с низкой температурой затвердевания и отделенная от внутренней полости льдоформы 1 эластичной . мембраной 5. В камеру 4 с двух противоположных сторон вмонтированы электроды 6, снабженные электроизоляцией 7 и подалюченные к дополнительной обмотке 8 трансформатора через коммутирующий переключатель 5^ . Питание к первичной обмотке 9 трансформатора подводят от электросети, а вторичная его обмотка 10 подсоединена к термобатарее 2 также через коммутирующий переключатель. Эластичная мембрана 5, уложенная в паз корпуса- льдоформы 1 прижимается к ее днищу посредством шайбы 11 и ввинчивающейся крышки 12.The thermoelectric ice machine contains a thermally insulated ice mold 1 made in the form of a truncated cone, and a thermal battery 2, the cold junctions of which are in direct contact with the ice mold 1, and the hot plan is communicated with the heat exchanger 3. The bottom of the ice mold 1 has a sealed chamber 4 filled with a liquid with a low temperature solidification and separated from the inner cavity of the ice form 1 elastic. membrane 5. In the chamber 4 from two opposite sides are mounted electrodes 6, equipped with electrical insulation 7 and connected to the additional winding 8 of the transformer through a switching switch 5 ^. Power to the primary winding 9 of the transformer is supplied from the mains, and its secondary winding 10 is connected to the thermal battery 2 also through a switching switch. An elastic membrane 5, laid in a groove of the body-ice mold 1 is pressed to its bottom by means of a washer 11 and a screw cap 12.

Принцип действия термоэлектрического льдогенератора заключается в следующем.The principle of operation of a thermoelectric ice generator is as follows.

После заливки льдоформы 1 водой подается питание на термобатарею 2 по схеме двухполупериодного выпрямления, при этом коммутирующий переключатель 5 находится в положении 'Охлаждение*.After pouring the ice form 1 with water, power is supplied to the thermopile 2 according to the half-wave rectification scheme, while the switching switch 5 is in the 'Cooling *' position.

После окончания процесса льдообразования переключатель S₄ переводят в положение 'Выброс', при этом происходит ' <5 перекоммутация в схеме питания термобатареи 2, приводящая к одновременному отключению от электросети первичной обмотки 9 трансформатора подключению его дополнительной обмотки 8 к одному из электродов и подсоединению к обшей клемме одного из проводников питания термобатареи 2.After the end of the ice formation process, the switch S _{4 is} switched to the 'Emission' position, and '<5 switching occurs in the power supply circuit of the thermal battery 2, which leads to the simultaneous disconnection of the primary winding 9 of the transformer from the mains, connecting its additional winding 8 to one of the electrodes and connecting to the common terminal of one of the thermal battery 2 power conductors.

Наличие градиента температур между холодными и горячими спаями термоба— •тареи 2 способствует возникновению в последней благодаря эффекту ЗеебекаThe presence of a temperature gradient between cold and hot junctions of the thermoba - • tarea 2 contributes to the occurrence in the latter due to the Seebeck effect

ЭДС, которая подается на обмотку 10 трансформатора Т^. В результате этого вследствие явления самоиндукции возникает импульс высокого напряжения, который снимается с дополнительной обмотки 8 трансформатора и подводится к ^uэлектродам 6. Между электродами возникает высоковольтный искровой заряд, который посредством гидроудара возмущает жидкость в камере 4, при этом усилие передается через эластичную мембрану 5 на образовавшийся в льдоформе 1 лед ‘и выталкивает его.EMF, which is fed to the winding 10 of the transformer T ^. As a result of this, due to the phenomenon of self-induction, a high voltage pulse arises, which is removed from the additional winding 8 of the transformer and supplied to ^u electrodes 6. Between the electrodes there is a high-voltage spark charge, which perturbes the liquid in the chamber 4, while the force is transmitted through the elastic membrane 5 to 1 ice formed in the ice form and pushes it.

Затем коммутирующий переключатель 5-1 возвращается в положение 'Охлаждение', льдоформа 1 снова запивается водой, и цикл повторяется.Then the switching switch 5-1 returns to the 'Cooling' position, the ice form 1 is washed down with water again, and the cycle repeats.

Использование в предлагаемом льдогенераторе одних и тех же элементов электрической схемы для получения как собственно льда, так и импульса высокого напряжения для отделения образовавшегося льда от льдоформы 1, дает возможность снизить энергозатраты на производство льда благодаря использовании) накопившейся в процессе льдообразования энергии и ускорить извлечение льда из льдоформы.The use of the same electric circuit elements in the proposed ice maker to produce both ice proper and a high voltage pulse for separating the formed ice from the ice mold 1 makes it possible to reduce energy consumption for ice production due to the use of energy accumulated during the ice formation process and to speed up ice extraction from ice forms.

Claims

(54) THERMOELECTRIC ICHGENERATOR The invention relates to refrigerating equipment, namely to thermoelectric ice generators of low productivity, intended for use in everyday life, in public catering enterprises, in medical institutions, and so on. A thermoelectric ice generator that the number that has been used, in a health institution, and so on. heat from hot junctions and an enclosure for ice and ice, made in the form of a bath with a ribbed bottom and in direct contact with cold spa thermometer batteries 1. The disadvantage of the ice maker is its low energy performance, since heating the hull by reversing the electric current to extract ice from the bath leads to an increase in the duration of freezing of the next. piston of water. The closest to the invention according to the technical essence and the achieved result is a thermo-operated ice maker containing a tedium of polished ice shape in the form of a truncated body directed to a smaller base. down, a thermo battery having thermal contact with ice form, a power unit and an ice extraction device C 2 3. However, the extraction of the finished ice from the ice forms in the known ice maker is conjugated with energy consumption and is very long in time. The purpose of the invention is to accelerate the removal of ice from the ice form. This goal is achieved by the fact that in a thermal ice machine, containing a thermally insulated in the vdd truncated cozus, directed by a smaller base downwards, a thermopile, which has thermal contact with LU | Dofol o, a power supply unit and a device for new ice ice, the latter is a charts. separate membrane from it | A sealed chamber, a completely liquid with a low temperature for solidification, and electrodes placed on it to create a pressure pulse, while the writing unit has a transformer with additional winding and the electrodes are connected to it via a commutator switch. The drawing shows the proposed ice machine, a General view. The thermoelectric ice maker contains a thermally insulated ice mold 1, a high-nozzle in the form of a truncated cone, and a thermopile 2, the cold junctions of which are in direct contact with the ice form 1, and the hot bushes are connected to the heat exchanger 3. In the bottom of the ice mold 1 there is a sealed chamber 4 filled with liquid solidification temperature and separated from the inner cavity of the ice mold 1 by an elastic membrane 5. Electrodes 6, equipped with electrically insulating 7 and integrated into additional winding 8 of transformer T through switching switch 5-; . The power to the primary winding 9 of the transformer T is supplied from the mains, and its secondary cable 1O is connected to the thermopile 2 also via a switching switch. The elastic membrane 5, laid into the groove of the housing, the ice mold 1 of the probe with its bottom by means of the clamp 11 and the screw-in cap 12. The operation of the thermoelectric ice generator is as follows. After pouring the ice form 1 with water, the thermopile 2 is powered by a full-wave rectifier circuit, while the switching switch 5 is in the Cooling position. After the process of ice-cooling has finished, the switch 5 is transferred to the Emitter position, and the thermopile 2 is switched in the power supply circuit of the thermopile 2, the drive is removed. at the same time disconnecting from the power supply network of the primary winding 9 of the transformer T, connect its additional winding 8 to one of the electrodes and connect to the common terminal of one of the wires Ikov power thermopile 2 Ialich11e temperature gradient between the cold and the hot spa mi thermopile 2 contributes to the latter by virtue of the Seebeck effect electromotive force 99 3, which is fed on a & 1 current 10 of the transformer T. As a result of this, a self-induced voltage pulse produces a high voltage pulse, which is removed from the additional o6 MOTw kk 8 of the transformer T and supplied to the electrodes 6. A high-voltage spark occurs between the electrodes, which by means of a hydraulic shock disturbs the fluid in chamber 4, This force is transmitted through the elastic membrane 5 to the ice formed in the ice mold 1 and pushes it out. Then the switching switch 5 returns to the Cooling position, the ice form 1 is again filled with water, and the cycle is repeated. Using the same electric circuit elements in the proposed ice maker to obtain both the ice itself and the high voltage pulse for separating the ice formed from the ice form 1 makes it possible to reduce the energy consumption for ice production by using the energy accumulated during the ice formation and accelerate ice extraction from ice form. A thermoelectric ice maker containing a thermally insulated ice form in the form of a truncated cone, directed by a smaller base downwards, a thermopile having thermal contact with the ice form, a power unit and an ice extraction device, characterized in that, from the accelerated removal of ice from the ice form, an adaptation the ice extraction is a sealed chamber installed under the ice mold and separated from it by a membrane, filled with a liquid with a low solidification temperature, and placed electrodes therein to create a pressure pulse, the power unit has a transformer with a additional oyrotkoy and the electrodes on dklyucheny thereto via the switching switch. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1.Certificate of certificate CCGP Ma 182745, cl. F 25 C 1/12, 1965. 2, Copyright svdedetstvo USSR for application number 2772987 / 23-13, class. F 25 C 1/12, May 21, 79.