SU977071A1

SU977071A1 - Internal pneumatic classifier

Info

Publication number: SU977071A1
Application number: SU813307714A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Михаил Демьянович Барский; Юрий Павлович Канусик; Вениамин Иулианович Малогамба
Original assignee: Уральский ордена Трудового Красного Знамени политехнический институт им.С.М.Кирова
Priority date: 1981-06-26
Filing date: 1981-06-26
Publication date: 1982-11-30

Description

Изобретение относится к пневматической классификации полидисперсных материалов под действием инерционных сил и предназначено для разделения материала по крупности в области от 60 мк и до нескольких микрон. ⁵ The invention relates to a pneumatic classification of polydisperse materials under the action of inertial forces and is intended to separate the material by size in the region from 60 microns to several microns. ⁵

Известен классификатор, включающий классификационную камеру, загрузочное и разгрузочное приспособления и патрубок для подачи воздуха [1].Known classifier, including the classification chamber, loading and unloading devices and pipe for air supply [1].

Однако устройству присуща недостаточ- ₁₀ная эффективность сепарации.However, device ₁₀ is inherent in insufficient separation efficiency Nye.

Наиболее близким по технической сущности и Достигаемому результату к предлагаемому является классификатор, включающий внутреннюю и внешнюю камеры, установленные концентрично, входной и выходной 15 патрубки внешней камеры и разгрузочный патрубок для легкой фракции [2].The closest in technical essence and the Achieved result to the proposed one is the classifier, which includes the inner and outer chambers installed concentrically, the inlet and outlet 15 nozzles of the outer chamber and the discharge nozzle for light fraction [2].

Недостатком является низкое качество классификации.The disadvantage is the low quality classification.

Цель изобретения — повышение ка- ₂₀чества классификации.The purpose of the invention - an increase _{of 20} Ka-operation classification.

Поставленная цель достигается тем, что инерционный пневматический классификатор, включающий внутреннюю и внешнюю камеры, установленные концентрично, входной и выходной патрубки внешней камеры, разгрузочный патрубок для легкой фракции, снабжен установленными между камерами распределительными приспособлениями и заглушкой, а внутренняя камера выполнена из нескольких патрубков, установленных с зазором относительно друг друга, при этом верхний по ходу движения материала патрубок жестко закреплен, а остальные установлены с возможностью вертикального перемещения относительно друг друга.This goal is achieved in that the inertial pneumatic classifier, including the inner and outer chambers, mounted concentrically, the inlet and outlet pipes of the external chamber, the discharge pipe for the light fraction, is equipped with distribution devices and a plug installed between the chambers, and the inner chamber is made of several pipes installed with a gap relative to each other, while the upper pipe in the direction of movement of the material is rigidly fixed, and the rest are installed with the possibility of vertical movement relative to each other.

Входной и выходной патрубки внешней камеры выполнены тангенциальными.The inlet and outlet nozzles of the external chamber are made tangential.

На фиг. 1 изображен классификатор, общий вид; на фиг. 2 — схема соединения аппарата с циклоном и вентилятором.In FIG. 1 shows a classifier, a general view; in FIG. 2 - connection diagram of the apparatus with a cyclone and fan.

Классификатор состоит из внешней камеры 1 и внутренней, состоящей из отдельных патрубков 2—4. Патрубок 2 жестко закреплен, а остальные выполнены с возможностью вертикального перемещения относительно друг друга. В межкамерном пространстве установлены распределительные приспособления 5 для отвода материала от стенок аппарата. Патрубок 6 служит для подачи исходного материала в аппарат, аThe classifier consists of an external chamber 1 and an internal one, consisting of individual pipes 2-4. The pipe 2 is rigidly fixed, and the rest are made with the possibility of vertical movement relative to each other. In the inter-chamber space, distribution devices 5 are installed for removing material from the walls of the apparatus. The pipe 6 serves to supply the source material to the apparatus, and

977'071 — для вывода крупного продукта. Заглушка 8 исключает вероятность попадания крупного продукта в мелкий на последней стадии классификации. Циклон 9 предназначен для улавливания мелкого продукта, а циклон 10 — крупного. Питетель 11 служит для подачи исходного материала — в классификатор.977'071 - for the withdrawal of a large product. The plug 8 eliminates the likelihood of a large product getting into a small product at the last stage of classification. Cyclone 9 is designed to capture a small product, and cyclone 10 - large. The attitel 11 serves to supply the source material to the classifier.

Классификатор работает следующим образом.The classifier works as follows.

Двухфазный поток, поступающий в межкамерное пространство тангенциально, закручивается и движется по спиральной траектории. На частицы действуют центробежные силы, заставляя их двигаться по расширяющейся спирали. Более крупные частицы, обладающие большей массой, будут отбрасываться к внутренней стенке внешней камеры с большей скоростью, а мелкие с меньшей. Произойдет расслаивание частиц. Часть воздуха со взвешенными в нем мелкими частицами отбирается через зазоры между патрубками, расположенные в конце зоны расслаивания.The two-phase flow entering the interchamber space tangentially swirls and moves along a spiral path. Centrifugal forces act on the particles, causing them to move in an expanding spiral. Larger particles with a larger mass will be discarded to the inner wall of the outer chamber at a higher speed, and small particles with a lower speed. The particles will delaminate. Part of the air with small particles suspended in it is taken through the gaps between the nozzles located at the end of the delamination zone.

Через определенный интервал времени согласно описанной выше траектории движения частиц в пристенном слое у внутренней стенки наружной камеры оказываются как крупные, так и значительное количество мелких частиц. Для того, что повысить извлечение фракций микронной крупности в готовый продукт в мёжкамерном пространстве устанавливаются распределительные приспособления. Их назначение состоит в том, что они отводят материал от внутренней стенки наружной камеры. Отведенный материал вновь под действием центробежной силы расслаивается по крупности в радиальном направлении. Чеоез зазоры между патрубками еще раз отводится часть воздуха, который захватывает мелкие частицы, неуловленные при первом акте классификации.After a certain time interval, according to the above-described trajectory of particles in the wall layer, both large and a significant number of small particles appear at the inner wall of the outer chamber. In order to increase the extraction of micron size fractions into the finished product, distribution devices are installed in the interchamber space. Their purpose is that they divert material from the inner wall of the outer chamber. The withdrawn material again under the action of centrifugal force delaminates by size in the radial direction. Through the gaps between the nozzles, part of the air is once again discharged, which captures small particles that are not caught during the first act of classification.

В зазоре между патрубками на частицу действуют две силы. С одной стороны сила отводящегося воздушного потока, а с другой — центробежная. В результате взаимодействия этих двух сил крупные частицы будут отбрасываться из зазора в межтруб4 ное пространство, а мелкие будут увлекаться потоком воздуха во внутреннюю камеру.In the gap between the nozzles, two forces act on the particle. On the one hand, the force of the exhaust air flow, and on the other, centrifugal. As a result of the interaction of these two forces, large particles will be thrown out of the gap into the annular space, and small particles will be entrained by the air flow into the inner chamber.

Для того, чтобы при выходе материала из наружной камеры исключить вероятность попадания крупных частиц во внутреннюю 5 камеру на последней ступени классификации перед ним устанавливается заглушка 8. Она совместно с патрубком образует зазор на последней ступени классификации.In order to exclude the possibility of large particles entering the inner 5 chamber at the last classification stage when the material leaves the outer chamber, a plug 8 is installed in front of it. It together with the nozzle forms a gap at the last classification step.

В классификаторе осуществляется многократное удаление мелких фракций, что ¹⁰ позволяет значительно увеличить их извлечение в готовый продукт, а тем самым повысить эффективность и качество разделения тонкодисперсных порошков.In the classifier, multiple removal of fine fractions is carried out, which ¹⁰ allows you to significantly increase their extraction into the finished product, and thereby increase the efficiency and quality of the separation of fine powders.

Применение предлагаемого устройства _s позволит повысить качество разделения материала на 4,6%.The use of the proposed device _s will improve the quality of separation of the material by 4.6%.

Claims

(54) INERTIAL PNEUMATIC CLASSIFICATOR The invention relates to the pneumatic classification of polydisperse materials under the action of inertial forces and is intended to divide the material by size in the range from 60 microns to several microns. A classifier is known which includes a classification chamber, loading and unloading devices and an air inlet nozzle 1. However, the separation efficiency is inherent in the device. The closest in technical essence and the achieved result to the proposed is a classifier, including inner and outer chambers, mounted concentrically, inlet and outlet nozzles of the outer chamber and discharge port for the light fraction 2. The disadvantage is the low quality of classification. The purpose of the invention is to increase the quality of classification. The goal is achieved by the fact that the inertial pneumatic classifier, including the inner and outer chambers mounted concentrically. the inlet and outlet nozzles of the outer chamber, the discharge nozzle for the light fraction, are equipped with distribution devices between the chambers and the stopper, and the inner chamber is made of several nozzles installed with a gap relative to each other, while the upper nozzle is rigidly fixed, and the rest are mounted with the possibility of vertical movement relative to each other. The inlet and outlet connections of the external chamber are tangential. FIG. 1 shows a classifier, a general view; in fig. 2 is a diagram of the connection of the apparatus with the cyclone and the fan. The classifier consists of an external chamber 1 and an internal chamber consisting of separate pipes 2-4. The pipe 2 is rigidly fixed, and the rest are made with the possibility of vertical movement relative to each other. Distribution devices 5 are installed in the inter-chamber space for removal of material from the walls of the apparatus. Pipe 6 serves to feed the source material into the apparatus, and 7 to output the large product. Plug 8 eliminates the likelihood of a large product falling into the small product at the last stage of classification. Cyclone 9 is designed to capture small product, and cyclone 10 is large. Heater And serves to supply the source material - in the classifier. Classifier works as follows. The two-phase flow entering the inter-chamber space tangentially twists and moves along a spiral path. Centrifugal forces act on the particles, forcing them to move along the expanding helix. Larger particles with a greater mass will be thrown to the inner wall of the outer chamber with greater speed, and smaller ones less. Delamination of particles will occur. Part of the air with fine particles suspended in it is taken out through the gaps between the pipes located at the end of the delamination zone. After a certain time interval, according to the particle trajectory described above, in the surface layer near the inner wall of the outer cage, both large and a significant amount of fine particles appear. In order to increase the extraction of micron-sized fractions, distribution devices are installed in the final product in the chamber space. Their purpose is to ensure that they divert the material from the inner wall of the outer chamber. The abstracted material is again degraded by centrifugal force in the radial direction. Cheoez gaps between the nozzle. Once again, a part of the air is withdrawn, which captures small particles that are not captured in the first act of classification. Two forces act on the particle in the gap between the nozzles. On the one hand, the force of exhausting the air flow, and on the other - centrifugal. As a result of the interaction of these two forces, large particles will be thrown from the gap into the annular space, while small particles will be entrained by the flow of air into the inner chamber. In order to exclude the possibility of large particles entering the inner chamber at the last stage of classification, a plug 8 is installed in front of it when the material leaves the external chamber. It together with the nozzle forms a gap at the last stage of classification. The classifier removes the fines several times, which allows them to significantly increase their extraction into the finished product, and thereby increase the efficiency and quality of the separation of fine powders. The use of the proposed device will improve the quality of material separation by 4.6%. Claim 1. Inertial pneumatic classifier, including inner and outer chambers mounted concentrically, inlet and outlet chambers of the outer chamber and discharge port for the light fraction, characterized in that in order to improve the quality of classification, it is equipped with distribution devices installed between the chambers and the cap, and the inner chamber is made of several nozzles installed with a gap relative to each other, while the upper one is in the direction of movement of the material nozzle gesture they are fixed, and the rest are installed with the possibility of vertical movement relative to each other. 2. Classifier according to claim 1, characterized in that the inlet and outlet connections of the external chamber are tangential. Sources of information taken into account during the examination 1. Germany patent No. 2456180, cl. B 07 B 4/02 published in 1975.

2. The patent of France No. 2033798, cl. At 07 At 7/00, published 1970 (prototype).

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