SU974466A1 - Automatic charging ageing device - Google Patents

Description

(54) AUTOMATIC CHARGING AND TRAINING DEVICE

The invention relates to a vehicle, namely, devices used to bring to a working state, as well as to carry out preventive maintenance of predominantly starter both acidic and alkaline battery banks (AB) used both on land, air, and water vehicles, not excluding stationary installations.

For AB vehicles of seasonal use, river and navy is characterized by the mode of their long stay in standby state, i.e. in constant readiness for providing electric power to such responsible consumers as emergency lighting, signaling, communication, automatic start of emergency diesel generators or starting engines of rescue motoboats.

It is known that during the AB generation: in a state with electrolyte filled in | In their cells, 1 samozar d constantly occurs, which for batteries that have been in operation for a long time reaches 0.3-1.0% of the initial capacity per day CIj.

It is also known that with constant charging, but without periodic training (discharge d-charge), ABs also lose their nominal capacity.

Therefore, during preparation for storage, quarterly during storage, during preparation for intended use, as well as during long-term operation in the mode without periodic

10 deep discharges with AB require control and training cycles. The control and training cycle consists in that the AB is charged to its full capacity, then discharged with current, the value of which is indicated in the maintenance instructions for this type of battery, and. recharged to full eMKOCTHpJ,

Maintenance of batteries with conventional charging and discharging means requires continuous monitoring of the state of devices and batteries. Hapymesme operating and maintenance rules for AB leads to premature release of their

25 of build.

The charging device is known to be an automaton, ensuring the charge of the battery in the near optimal mode, containing

H transformer, trinistor, ballast

resistor and reference voltage shaping.

The disadvantage of this device is the very significant criticality to the parameters of the triristor, as well as the absence of a circuit allowing the discharge of the AB to a given voltage level.

It is also known a charge-discharge device for batteries containing a charge node, including a power transformer, a trinistor, a ballast resistor, a circuit for generating the voltage of the charge node, as well as a battery discharge circuit to a given voltage level, including the transistor relay relay switch and the formation of the reference voltage of the Sz.

The disadvantages of this device are the lack of automatic switching of the latter from the mode of discharge of the AB (by its connection to the charging mode, criticality to the parameters of the triristor, irrational energy losses on the ballast resistor and the inability to form an asymmetric charging current. The purpose of the invention is to increase stability and efficiency devices, improving the accuracy of setting the voltage of the reference source of the charge node, as well as ensuring the charge mode of the battery during a specified and .. The goal is achieved by the fact that an automatic charge-training device containing a charge node, which includes a step-down transformer, the primary winding of which is connected to the input terminals of the device, and the secondary winding is connected to one side through the minus bus with the corresponding output terminal my, ac of the other side - with the circuit for forming the reference voltage of the charging circuit containing a diode, to the cathode of which the zener diode cathode and a tuning potentiometer are connected to the cathode, and the anode of the Zener diode is connected to the negative busbar and to the anode of the trinistor, the control electrode of which through the second diode is connected to the slider of the tuning potentiometer and the cathode of the resistor through the ballast resistor and the positive bus of the device is connected to the other output terminal, and the node consisting of a transistor switch with a relay in the collector circuit, a voltage-generating voltage-generating circuit, and a discharge resistor connected at one end to the positive bus and the other through the closure contacts of the relay to the minus not a device, a controllable valve and a capacitor are inserted, but the ballast resistor of the trinistor is made in the form of a potentiometer, the slider of which is connected to the control electrode of the newly introduced controllable valve, the anode of which is connected to the secondary side of the transformer, and the cathode to the positive bus of the device, at the same time, one capacitor plate is connected to the anode of the controlled valve through a switch; its second plate is connected to its cathode through a discharge rheostat, and a transformer to the primary power supply circuit and the breaker contact of the discharge circuit is switched on.

Claims (4)

In addition, the tuning potentiometer is made in the form of three elements — two potentiometers and a constant resistor connected between them; the slider of one potentiometer is connected to the control electrode of the trinistor through the diode, and the slider of the second potentiometer is connected to the minus bus device. The drawing shows a schematic diagram of an automatic charging-training device. The device contains a step-down power transformer Tr1, a source of reference voltage — D1 diode, D2 zener diode, resistors R1, R2, R3 and R4 and opening contacts of electromechanical timer B1, rectifying diode-comparator DZ, trinistor D4, limiting resistor R5, power controlled D5 gate, source of the reference voltage driver when discharging de-AB resistor R6, Zener diode D6, transistor-relay switch - T1 transistor, K1 relay with its contacts. Kl.i, K1.2, .K1.3, base current limiting resistor transistor - R7, dual board switch with gr ppami of contacts P1.1 and P1.2, switch of the primary winding of transformer B1 -f discharge load switch - powerful wire RH relay, device power button in discharge mode K.n1 ammeter A and voltmeter V, as well as output terminals of the device + and - to connect the battery, toggle switch B2 and capacitor C1. Before applying mains voltage to the device, all switching elements are set to the position indicated in the drawing. The battery is connected to the appropriate terminals (terminals). The voltmeter indicates the correctness of the connection between the battery and its emf. Then, using the contacts of the switch P1.1 and P1.2, it closes the power supply circuit of the transformer primary winding and the self-blocking circuit of the transistor relay switch. The device works as follows. The voltage of the positive half-wave from the top (according to the scheme) of the transformer secondary winding through the high-voltage diode D1, the limiting resistor R1 goes to the stabilizer, 42 and the chain of resistors R2, R3, R4 parallel to it. As long as the potential coming from the positive terminal of the battery through the ammeter and the resistor R5 to the cathode of the D4 triistor, is removed, the voltage removed from the slider under the construction resistor R2 is closed and the DZ diode and the trinistor D4 are closed. The diameter of the D5 is closed, the charge current AB does not pass. But as soon as the voltage removed from the slider of resistor R2 becomes greater than the potential coming from the terminals AB by an amount sufficient to open the DZ diode and the D4 triristor, it also opens through the resistor R5, the ampere A flows the charge current Resistor R5 is limited. The voltage drop off t on the right side (according to the scheme) of the resistor R5 is applied for the period of control the electrode-cathode of the valve D5 so that at the time when the positive half-wave voltage coming from the secondary winding of the transformer to the anode of the power valve becomes higher battery emf battery, valve D5 opens, the passage of an impulse of charge current Amplitude, a charge current pulse, and hence the average value for the period of the mains voltage depends on the degree of discharge of the battery, the position of the switch P1.1 and the switch B1. By making suitable switching, you can set the desired value of the charging current. To carry out a prophylactic charge with asymmetrical therapeutic current, it is necessary to close the toggle switch B2. In this case, while the valve D5 is closed, i.e. at a negative voltage half-wave, a discharge current flows through the battery, the value of which is determined by the capacitance C1 and the active resistance RH. Condensate C1 is then charged, and in the next half period it returns the stored energy to the battery. As the battery is charged, the voltage on its elements, and consequently, on the output terminals, increases. When the voltage on the elements of acid batteries increases to 2.4 V (in alkaline to 1.8-1.9 V), the potential difference between This method is achieved by adjusting the device by moving the trimming resistor R2 to the slider. The battery charge cycle on this stops and the device automatically switches to battery self-compensation mode, t .е. at decrease in ZDS battery and begins to open the trinistor D4 and the valve D5, and then recharge stops. In preparing the AB for long-term storage without charge, it is recommended to report a full charge or recharge, concluding that after two or three hours after the end of the charge cycle It becomes charged again for a certain time interval.This device uses an electromechanical timer for this purpose, the contacts of which B1 pae / Ikayutc when setting one or another time interval. At the same time, the voltage removed from the slider of the resistor R2 increases abruptly, and this leads to the opening of the D4 thyristor and the D5 valve, regardless of the degree of AB load, by the time interval set by the timer. When the contacts B1 are closed, the device automatically returns to the self-discharge mode of the battery. The KHl button is pressed to conduct the control and training cycle. Moreover, if the breakdown voltage of the Zener diode D6 is lower than the emf of the battery, it opens. The current flowing through the resistor R6 creates a potential difference applied to the base of the transistor T1 so that it opens. If the contacts of the switch P1.2. closed, relay K1 is triggered, closure of its -contacts K1.2 and K1.3 and opening K1 .1, thereby excluding the simultaneous operation of the discharge circuit and the rectifier. The closed contacts of the relay K1.3 block the button Kn1 and it can be released, and K1.2 connects the discharge rheostat to the device minus bus. The AB run cycle begins. The discharge current is set by moving the RH reoggate engine and does not require further adjustment, since reducing it to the end of the discharge does not exceed 2.0% and this can always be taken into account when determining the capacity of the battery. As the voltage is discharged, the voltage across its terminals decreases. The locking voltage of the D6 Zener diode is adjusted so that when it is reduced on the elements of acid cells to 1.7-1.73 V (V - 0.8-0.95), the specified stabitron is locked. This leads to the closure of the transistor T1 and. returning the contacts of the relay Kl to its original state. Kontaktl K1.2 breaks the circuit of the discharge load, K1.3 - unlocks the button Kn1, and K1.1 energizes the network to the primary winding of the transformer Tr1, the discharge cycle is completed and the discharge cycle begins. At the end of the charge of the battery, the device automatically switches to the charging mode, i.e. compensation self-yes. In the course of the control-training cycle, the magnitude of the charging and discharging currents is monitored with the help of an ammeter A, and the voltage across the terminals of the AB with a voltmeter V. When the device is properly configured to service a particular type of An, i.e. When a given program is installed, the charge process, the control and training cycle, the recharge and continuous charge for a long time exclude cases when the batteries are taken out of operation even in the absence of improper control by the service personnel. Only periodic monitoring is required to determine the characteristics of the serviced battery. The use of a prophylactic asymmetric charge current, conducting control and training cycles in near-optimal modes, contributes to improving the quality of service of the battery, thereby prolonging the service life of batteries, saving significant amounts of money on manufacturing and commissioning new ones. accumulators. Claims of the invention. An automatic charge-training device comprising a charge assembly including a step-down transformer is primary. The winding of which is connected to the input terminals of the device, and the secondary winding on one side is connected via minus bus to the corresponding output glue, and on the other hand to the formation circuit of the reference voltage of the charging circuit containing the diode, to the cathode of which. the resistor is connected to the zener cathode and tuning by: a potentiometer, the second end of which the anode of the zener diode is connected to the mini bus and the anode of the triristor, the control electrode of which is connected via a second diode to the slide of the tuning potentiometer, and the cathode A rinistor through a ballast resistor and a positive bus, the device is connected to another output terminal, and a discharge node consisting of a transistor switch with a relay in the collector circuit, a reference voltage generation circuit, and a discharge resistor connected at one end to the positive bus and the other through the contacts of the mentioned relay to the negative bus of the device, characterized in that, in order to increase stability and efficiency, a controllable valve and a capacitor are introduced into the device, and the Trini ballast resistor the stora is made in the form of a potentiometer, the slider of which is connected to the control electrode of the newly introduced control valve, the anode of which is connected to the secondary side of the transformer, and the cathode is connected to the device busbar, and one capacitor plate is connected to the anode of the controlled valve through the switch; its second lining is connected with its cathode through a discharge rheostat, and the disconnecting contact of the discharge circuit relay is connected to the power supply circuit of the transformer's primary winding. 2. The device POP.1, which is intended so that, in order to increase the accuracy of the voltage setting of the reference source of the charge node, as well as to ensure the battery charge mode for a specified time interval, the tuning potentiometer is made in the form of three elements — two potentiometers and a fixed resistor connected between them; the slider of one potentiometer is connected to the control electrode of the triristor through the diode, and the slider of the second potentiometer. through the opening contacts of the electromechanical timer mechanism is connected to the negative bus device. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1. Konofeev, N.T. Car batteries. M., DOSAAF, 1979, p. 76. 2.Dubovoi A.A. Ship batteries. M., Transport, 1966, p. 131 3. Radio, M., 1976, No. 3, p.44. . 4. To help the radio amateur, Vol. 62, p. 50, Ki.i nil