SU974039A1 - Power technical plant for heat neutralizing of waste waters - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to the protection of the environment from harmful emissions, in particular, to the neutralization of saline waste water by burning in power technological installations (aggregates, and can be used in the chemical, petrochemical, pharmaceutical, and other industries that have mineralized liquid waste.

A known vertical rectangular combustion chamber for burning liquor, lined with pipes, in a lid of which is symmetrically separating the middle surface, extending parallel to the front and rear walls of the furnace, has a series of nozzles for primary air, and in its lower part - a series of nozzles for supplying liquor to the primary air return zone. In this case, the pipes of the front wall of the furnace in the area of the nozzles for supplying the liquor enter as a protrusion into the volume of the combustion chamber, the nozzles for the introduction of the liquor are placed into separate separated tubes, and a portion of these pipes is provided with a ramming mass 1.

The closest in technical essence and achievable effect is an energy technological installation containing a cyclone burner located on the same vertical axis for burning a fuel-air mixture, melted with a cylindrical combustion chamber with an opening for melt outlet and an evaporation cooler, while the cyclone ropejiO4 device is installed in the lower parts of the combustion chamber, and the evaporative cooler of the races, is placed above the combustion chamber and connected to it with at least 2.

A disadvantage of the known energy technological plants for the incineration of waste waste is that they do not reliably dispose of the minergized waste due to adherence of the miral components to the pipes of the radiation part of the firebox, their overheating and failure, as well as due to the formation of heat. to change the working section of the combustion chamber. From the operating experience of the thermal decontamination facilities for mineralized wastewater using the cyclone principle of furnace design, it is known that about 50% of the salts in the furnace in a liquid or vaporized water are removed from the central slope. Their melting point is --- 50 ° C. Condensation or precipitation on cold heating surfaces of the salt is hardened with a crust, which is continuously increasing. These deposits significantly deteriorate the conditions of heat transfer, reduce the efficiency of the heat-measuring apparatus, and sometimes remove the heating and hydraulic surfaces, which leads to a halt in the installation as a whole. The purpose of the invention is to ensure reliable operation of the installation during decontamination of salivated wastewater by preventing direct contact of the flue gases from the heat-resistant surfaces of the cooling surfaces and deposition of the molten mineral particles on them, as well as by eliminating slagging and solidification of the mineral melt at the outlet from the combustion chamber. The goal is achieved by the fact that, in an energy technology thermal wastewater treatment plant containing a cyclone burner located at the same vertical axis, a cylindrical combustion chamber and an evaporative cooler are installed with an opening for extracting the melt, while the cyclone burner is installed in the lower part of the combustion chamber, and the evaporative cooler is located above the combustion chamber and is connected to it with a pinch, the evaporative cooler is supplied with air brewers with holes to create a deflecting curtain around the perimeter of the cooler, fixing the axis of the holes, are oriented parallel to the walls of the cooler, and the combustion chamber is equipped with a tank for salt solution) placed under it, and the opening for the melt is made in the form of a ring the gap between the inner surface of the combustion chamber and the outer surface of the cyclone g-pinion device, which coincides with the annular opening of the salt solution tank. The design of an energy technology installation allows for good mineral separation: melted. Ylch particles on the cylindrical wall of the combustion chamber, followed by a continuous continuous melt output through the gap, the tank for mineral solution, as well as optimally organize a high-speed rotating flow in the center, i.e. make it wrung out from heat-absorbing pipes, which reduces the possibility of attacking the heat-receiving pipes located on the walls of the furnace chamber and the cooler, and thereby preserves the heat exchange by the heat-receiving surfaces of the pipes and flue gases and, accordingly, enables reliable decontamination of mineralized wastewater in the steam generating plant. The placement of air ducts with holes in the cooler, which is a necessary element of the steam generator, eliminates slagging of its heat dissipation. because of the deflecting curtain directed in the direction of the flue gas flow, it does not allow the swirling flow, which has melted mineral particles, to contact the evaporator’s steam-generating pipes, which also ensures reliable operation of the installation. cue steam by deep utilization of heat of flue gases saturated with molten mineral particles, while saving as a solution for the needs of the national economy and valuable mineral salts, which are abundant in wastewater. The drawing shows an energy technological installation for the thermal disposal of saline wastewater. The installation includes a combustion chamber 1, an evaporative cooler 2, a drum 3 and a solution tank 4. The combustion chamber 1 in the lower part is equipped with a cyclone burner 5, above the upper end of which it is made of studded pipes 6, with pinch 7. The cyclone burner 5 has the ceramic part 8, made of high-alumina brick in the form of a hollow cylinder, open from the top base side, and the side wall of the furnace 1, located opposite the cyclone burner 5, has a metal part Part 9 f. made in the form of a cylindrical water-cooled caisson with a chrome-magnesite coating on the inside. There is a gap of approximately 100 mm between this part of the furnace chamber and the outer surface of the device 5. Tangential to the inner generator of the ceramic part 8 of the device 5, the full pre-mix burners 10 are installed. The upper part of the combustion chamber 1 is cylindrical of metal studded pipes, combined by manifolds into a single pipe system. Gas density is created by welding metal fluids between pipes. The lower collector 11 is located above the metal part 9 of the combustion chamber 1. In the openings between | DU pipes 6 of the combustion chamber 1, slots are installed for centrifugal nozzles 12 for spraying mineralized wastewater, as well as for glides and manholes. Pinch 7 of the combustion chamber 1 is made of a studded pipe 13 in the form of a truncated cone, with a smaller base facing the furnace chamber 1. The lower 11 and upper 14 collectors are connected to the drum 3, respectively, with lowering 15 and lifting 16 pipes. In the lower-manifold 11, purge fittings are provided. The solution tank 4 is cylindrical, mounted directly under the combustion chamber 1 and the cyclone burner 5 and provided with fittings for inlet and outlet of the solution, as well as for adding fresh water. In the upper part of the installation, there is an evaporative cooler 2 designed to recover the heat of flue gases, which is a structure containing a single pipe system connected by manifolds 17 and 18 connected to drum 3, as well as air ducts 19 with openings for air inlet into as a deflecting curtain and ducts. Air ducts with holes 19 are installed in rows around the perimeter of the cross section of the cooling polyhedron and at its height at a distance of one row from the other, equal to RON / a total (total -) area of the active cross section of the holes IFo and the cross section area of the cooling polyhedron Rrll is chosen to be equal to or less than 0.18, i.e. e-7thDohl ,, 1st. rad The pipe system consists of eight interconnected panels that form a vertical octahedral that is covered from the outside by a metal casing with insulation. An explosive valve is installed in the upper part of the casing. Each panel has two manifolds connected by pipes. The inner tubes are interconnected by means of fin inserts, and the image of the comfort of a gas-tight row is connected to each other. At the same time, in the upper part of the row there are openings for the passage of flue gases. The outer row of pipes is arranged in a checkerboard pattern. The upper 18 and lower 17 collectors have fittings for connecting to the drum 3 using lifting 20 and lowering pipes 21. The drum 3 is equipped with an internal separation device, made in the form of a perforated metal shield, connected to the upper headers 18 and 14 by lifting pipes 20 and 16, respectively, and from the lower headers 17 and 11, to the down pipes 21 and 15, respectively, forming two contours circulation Metal ducts have a variable cross-section and are equipped with pockets for trapping dry salt. The installation works as follows. The burners 10 of the cyclone mount device 5 are fed with a mixture of fuel gas 600 at a pressure of D5000 Pa and air of 0250 nm / h at a pressure of 10,000 Pa. At the same time, air is supplied both for burning the fuel gas and for oxidizing the organic components of the waste water. The flue gases obtained from burning the fuel gas from the ceramic part 8 of the device 5 with a temperature of 1973 K enter the upper part of the combustion chamber 1, come into contact with the amount of 3 sprayed (the heat of combustion is 2.48 mJ / kg through centrifugal mechanical nozzles 12 Saltwater falls into the high temperature zone, the wastewater droplets are heated, evaporated and overheated, and its mineral part in the form of a melt is separated due to the centrifugal forces of the rotating flue gas flow on the walls of the studded pipes. stack down, a passage in the gap between the ceramic 8 and metal 9 parts of the device 5 and the combustion chamber 1. The wall thickness of the ceramic part 8 of the cyclone burner 5 is selected to provide a liquid molten salt liquid, which then enters the solution tank 4, filled with recirculating salt solution. This ensures the dissolution of the melt followed by the transfer of a 26% solution for industrial use. When the waste water vapor overheats, the organic part of it disintegrates. On: Elements and oxidizes to harmless components of flue gases. Part: Negative component waste water in the form of vapor or droplets is removed from the combustion chamber 1 through clamp 7, which organizes the aerodynamic structure of the total gas flow of products of combustion and decontamination (flue gases. From the furnace chamber 1, flue gases in the amount of 12000 nm / h with a temperature of 1273 K flow into the lower part of cooler 2 and move along internal rows In parallel to this gas flow along the walls of the cooler 2 through the openings of the ducts 19 is supplied with flat jets transparent for thermal radiation; air in the amount of 3000 nm / h, loading the protective-deflecting curtain

between noiOKOM flue 1, the core and the thermally perceptible surface of cooler 2, this curtain makes it impossible direct contact of flue gases with the chimney-receiving surfaces of cooler 2, the speed of the BtJX gases II of the air in the curtain satisfy the condition that the flows along the entire length of the cooler 2,

The surface area of the internal heating of the series of the evaporative cooler 2 C1.10 is such that the temp .-: | -; aT: / flue gas can be used to hold Tcrf TIG ypoBiie 873 K, i.e. below the melting temperature of most of the mixture: its salts g, in particular, for the Kgiiii salts of mineralized wastewater I Thus, the salts come into KOUBGKTiiijHyfo part of chiller 2 only in a dry solid form and in this part of the installation, the deposition of salts on the pipes is due to the longitudinal washing the surfaces E of heating and high gas flow rates, ensuring their self-blowing.

Go to the top of the cooler panels 2 and give some of its heat i through the surface of the pipes to the water; c: e) pipes - pipe panels, year round pipes – drum drum gases, cooled fjHG to 873 K, through approx. to the annular space (formed by each pipe and inside it next to a number of pipe panels) At the same time they cool 7: They reach up to 573 K, after which they are directed to the gas duct and removed at the level of the upper part of the combustion chamber 1.

Feed water: (with a temperature of 377 K from drum 3 through the downpipes 15 and 21 enters the lower collectors 11 and 17 of the combustion chamber 1 and coolers 2 and is distributed through the heat-receiving pipes. The resulting steam pipe to the emulsion enters the upper collectors 14 and 18 and through the lifting pipes 16 and 20 enters the drum 3, where the separation device separates the emulsion about a separate steam in the amount of 6.7 t / h with a pressure of 1.3 NPa and a temperature of 467 K for the process needs of the preprocessor,

The energy technology plant reliably produces steam during the disposal of highly mineralized wastewater due to the difficulty of deposition (separation of molten dinaric particles in the upper part of the combustion chamber and eliminates the deposition of these particles on the evaporative cooler pipes,

Claims (2)

1. The patent of Germany No. 2052315 Cl. 24 d 2 1973.. 2. Cyclonic firebox. Under the editorship of G. F. Knorre and M. L. Najarov. M. t-L. . Gosenergokzdat, 1958, p. sixteen.  , Voya nutritional Air R ( -h.I AbiMoStie gases