SU973778A1

SU973778A1 - Rotary drill bit

Info

Publication number: SU973778A1
Application number: SU802914837A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Петр Петрович Кудря; Юрий Евгеньевич Владиславлев; Евгений Иванович Королько
Original assignee: Институт Геотехнической Механики Ан Усср
Priority date: 1980-03-12
Filing date: 1980-03-12
Publication date: 1982-11-15

Description

(54) ШАРОШКА БУРОВОГО ДОЛОТА(54) Drill bit

Изобретение относитс к породе разрушающему инструменту, а именно к шарошкам буровых долот.This invention relates to a rock destroying tool, in particular to cone bits.

Известна шарс шса бурового долота с клиновидными зубь ми с углом заострени 30-.40 и шириной площадки притуплени в пределах 2,5-3,0 toA, имеющими равную высоту в каждом венце . 1 .Known sharsa of a drill bit with a wedge-shaped teeth with an angle of sharpening of 30-40 and a width of a blunt pad within 2.5-3.0 toA, having equal height in each rim. one .

Наиболее близка к изобретению шарошка бурового долота, содержаща корпус с зубь ми со ступенчатым расположением на соседних венцах Г 21.Closest to the invention of a roller bit of a drill bit, comprising a housing with teeth with a stepped arrangement on adjacent rims of G 21.

Недостатком этих шарс иек вл етс мала эффективность в работе, так как их вооружение не учитывает особенности процесса разрушени горной породы.The disadvantage of these sharks is the low efficiency in operation, since their armament does not take into account the peculiarities of the process of rock destruction.

Цель изобретени - повышение эффективности работы шарошки за счет обеспечени объемного разрушени породы.The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the roller cutter by ensuring the bulk destruction of the rock.

Поставленна цель достигаетс тем, что в каждом венце соседние зубь также установлены ступенчато, приэтом высота ступени между венцами и зубь ми в каждом венце находитс в пределах от 0,2 до 1,0 мм.The goal is achieved by the fact that in each rim the adjacent teeth are also set in steps, with the height of the step between the rims and the teeth in each rim being in the range of 0.2 to 1.0 mm.

На фиг. 1 изображена шарошка, общий вид сбоку; на фиг. 2 - вид соFIG. 1 shows a roller cutter, general side view; in fig. 2 - view from

стороны торца, на фиг. 3 - график зависимости объема разрушенной породы Vpj5.OT высоты ступени дЬ дл разных пород.the sides of the end face, in FIG. 3 is a plot of the volume of destroyed rock Vpj5.OT of the height of the step db for different rocks.

Шарошка включает корпус 1 с зубь ми 2, которые на соседних венцах 3 и в каждом венце поочередно имеют разную высоту, при этом высота сту- . пени лЬ как вдоль образующей кону10 са шарошки, так и в каждом венце находитс в пределах от 0,2 до 1,0 мм. Эта величина определена с учетом физико-механических свойств горных пород. Дл разрушени горной породы The roller cutter includes a housing 1 with teeth 2, which in the neighboring crowns 3 and in each rim alternately have a different height, with the height st. Penny lb, both along the cone-forming roller cone and in each rim, is in the range of 0.2 to 1.0 mm. This value is determined taking into account the physical and mechanical properties of rocks. For rock destruction

15 в ней необходимо создать зону упругой деформации по глубине в пределах 0,2-1,0 мм, после чего в ней происходит необратимый процесс - объемное разрушение. При этом глубина лунки 15 it is necessary to create an elastic deformation zone in depth within 0.2–1.0 mm, after which an irreversible process takes place in it — volume destruction. The depth of the hole

20 разрушени в 5-10 раз больше глубины зоны упругой деформации. Осева нагрузка, передаваема зубу, деформирует одновременно породу и колонку бурильных труб. Величина упругой20 fracture is 5-10 times the depth of the elastic deformation zone. The axial load transmitted to the tooth simultaneously deforms the rock and the string of drill pipes. Elastic value

25 деформации породы значительно меньше по сравнению с деформацией колонны труб, а скорость затухани упругой деформации в колонне труб меньше скорости разрушени горной25 deformation of the rock is much less compared with the deformation of the pipe string, and the damping rate of the elastic deformation in the pipe string is less than the rate of destruction of the rock

Claims

30 breeds. This causes the tooth to collapse and hit the bottom of the well due to this difference, which leads to the destruction of its edges. In this case, the drillpipe is a spring-loaded engine, the energy of which, according to the armament scheme, prevents a shock and is used to further expand the previously formed hole. The process of rock destruction by the proposed scars is carried out as follows. Under the action of axial load and torque, the roller cutter rolls over the face and produces single blows to the rock. In the first stage, a higher tooth 2 in the destruction of the rock wears out. The energy of rock destruction accumulated in the pipe string is not used to move it to the depth of the well, but is transferred to the adjacent, lower tooth on the rim, which in turn further destroys the rock. Such a pattern of destruction is characteristic of all round crowns 3 cones. The successive interaction of the teeth of the roller cutter allows more complete utilization of the borehole load and reduces the vibration of the drill string. On the basis of the studies conducted (fig.Z) it was established that with a step height greater than 1.0 mm, the efficiency of the cutter is reduced due to the impossibility of using the energy of the drill pipe string, and the process of breaking the rock pro: one way off. A similar pattern is observed when uh is less than 0.2 mm. In this case, all the teeth along the generatrix almost simultaneously participate in the work by performing the elastic deformation of the cut. The use of the cutters of the proposed construction allows to significantly increase the efficiency of rock destruction and thereby increase the penetration and the mechanical speed of drilling. Claims of the drill bit drill bit, comprising a housing with teeth with a stepped arrangement on adjacent crowns, characterized in that, in order to increase its efficiency by ensuring volume destruction of the rock, the neighboring teeth are also set in each crown, with the step height between the rims and teeth B of each rim is in the range of 0.2 to 1.0 mm. Sources of information taken into account during the examination 1. USSR author's certificate No. 362126, class, Е 21 В 9/00, 1968.

2. Authors certificate of the USSR W458645, cl. E 21 V 9/18, 1964 (prototype).