SU968859A1 - Water-cooled cable and method of manufacturing water-cooled cable line - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to electrical engineering, mainly to cable technology, namely to the design of water-fused cables used as flexible current leads of high-power electric furnaces.

A water-cooled cable is known, consisting of a hollow copper conductor tube, which is fitted with a rubber circular-wound protective hose with a gap. The conductor conductor is 2100 mm in cross section made of separate bundles of copper conductors superimposed on a low-alloyed, high-alloyed corrosion-resistant steel wire. wire diameter of A-5 mm, wound with a pitch of 12-20 mm. On top of the core there is a fastening winding with an open spiral strand, twisted from 7 wires with a diameter of 0.5 mm from low-magnetic corrosion-resistant steel CO.

The disadvantage of such a cable is the greater rigidity of the structure. Besides

In addition, this hose has low protection against the heat radiation of the electrodes of the electric furnace and against the ingress of molten metal splashes.

The closest to the invention are water-cooled cables, consisting of a hollow copper conductor, on which a rubber hose protected by asbestos cloth is worn with a gap. The core was made of separate bunches of copper wires superimposed in the form of several layers on an elastic frame made of spirally wound non-magnetic wire 21.

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A disadvantage of the known cables is a significant increase in the resistance to alternating current due to the twisting of the wires, which reduces the cable transmission carried out. Besides,

The 20 cables have a low coefficient of filling of the conductive core, which increases their dimensions and impairs the radial cooling of the internal veins of the cores in the gaps filled with standing water, which has a thermal conductivity much lower than copper. The design of the conductor, despite the use of a core in the form of a spiral, has poor flexibility. There is a method of making a cable line with a cV-shaped sagging water-cooled cable, as follows. A conductive core made of a copper sheet of silt is placed on the support wire helix. On top of the core, they fasten the binding winding with an open helix strap, twisted from little magnetic steel wires. The helix is wound in small lengths, which are then spliced by welding to obtain the required length. The finished conductor wound on the drum is installed on the transmitter. Under the hose prepare the required length. First mount one tip. Then, the conductor is pulled at the tip into the hose, while the conductor is directed to the hose in a straight line. Cut the core to the required length and mount the second end of the tip. After that, the core is pulled into the hose, the tips are located at equal distance from the ends of the hose, and the latter is fixed on the tips with the help of clamps with a sufficient degree of tightness. Then the lugs are attached to the busbars of the voltage source and the consumer Ci. The aim of the invention is to increase the transmitted power and service life, as well as to simplify the technology in the manufacture of cores from packs of tapes. The goal is achieved by the fact that in a water-cooled cable that includes a conductive core, at least one frame that forms a coolant channel and A protective hose with a gap, the conductor core is made in the form of long-laid packs of tapes surrounded by fasteners elements, between which the frame is located. In this case, if the core is made of four packs of tapes of different widths, the packs are adjacent to the opposite sides of the frame;

The planes of the extreme tapes of the packets, and to the other two, the sides formed by the edges of the tapes.

the frame with the side formed by the ribbons of the tapes and the package of 16 tapes adjacent to the frame elements with the side, furthermore, the fastening elements are made in the form of clamps consisting of two halves with perforated walls fastened with two strips by means of a dovetail connection And in the side walls clamps symmetrically with respect to the axis of the cable can be made holes, in which is placed a frame formed by elements of cylindrical shape of different diameter. According to the water-cooling method: this cable, which includes the manufacture of a conductive core with a crook, the installation of fasteners, the installation of lugs, the protective hose with a gap, and the fastening of lugs to busbars of the voltage source and the consumer, are bent before installation of the fastener elements. In THIS, each end of the cable is twisted around the vertical axis on the E in one direction before fastening and the lugs are fixed, positioning the strips included in the lugs, in vertical planes parallel to the plane of the sagging loop of the cable. FIG. 1 (a, b) shows a variant of the cable from the conductive core of three packages of tapes longitudinally stacked on each other; in fig. 2 (a, b is a variant of a cable with a conductive core of four packages of tapes of different widths; Fig. 3 is a diagram of a method of mounting a cable on a furnace; Fig. 3 shows a movement of a V-shaped sagging cable in a vertical plane; Fig. 5 cable deformation when turning the arch of the electric furnace; Fig. 6 - cable bending when metal is drained from the furnace.The structure of the water-cooled cable includes a protective hose 1, tapes 2 of conductive material, elements of the 3 framework, element C of fastening as an insulated strand, elements 5 cylindrical frame, cylindrical the protrusions 6 of the frame members, the collar 7, the lateral opening 8 in the collar, the flange 9, the bar 10, the hole 11, the flexible connection 12, for example, the strand, the element 13 of the frame of a rectangular shape, the flexible connection 14, a package of 15 tapes adjacent to the elements are called by the plane of the extreme tape of the package. The conductor conductor can be made of two, three or four packages of tapes. In the cable offered, the packages are made up of separate tapes. The magnitude of the eddy currents is reduced due to the presence of a film of water on the surfaces of tapes and a film of copper oxide formed by the contact of copper with in Doi and decoupling is a semiconductor. The frame elements 3 for streamlining water can be streamlined, for example, elliptical, drop-shaped, circular, diamond-shaped, etc., and fixed with one flat side on the inner ribbon 2 one of the bags. For a better cooling, as well as to create uniform support along the edges and in the middle of the ribbon, the elements of the 3 frame are placed with a given periodicity. Over the entire length of the cable, the tape packages are covered by fasteners made in the form of a winding with an open helix k, for example an insulated strand. Strand 4, insulated, for example, with plastic, has less pressure and does not damage them. I Packages, tapes 2, enclosed by fasteners, are protected by a hose 1 within which water circulates. Fastening elements can be made in the form of clamps. Each collar 7 consists of two identical halves, having on both sides parallel to the line of the connector of the collar 9 with oblique projections. Both halves are fastened with two strips 10, with grooves, forming a dovetail-type joint. The collar 9 of the clamps 7 and the fastening strips 10 are provided with openings 11 for connecting the clamps 7 with flexible connections 12, for example strands, which prevent the clamps 7 from sliding along the cable during its operation. In order to improve the cooling of the wall, the clamps 7 are provided with openings. Elements 5 of the frame can be made cylindrical (Jurma (AIG. 2) with different dimensions along the length commensurate with the length of the yoke assembly. Elements 3 of the frame are placed at the ends of the perforations 8 located in the center of the side walls with their cylindrical protrusions 6. clamps 7. A method of manufacturing a cable line with a water-cooled cable is as follows: A conductor core is assembled from tapes wound into rolls that are mounted on the distributors. The tapes are pulled through a system of guide rollers or a finger and longitudinally stack one on top of the other in two, three or four packages. In a variant of the design (FIG. 1, one of the packages is pre-secured on the inner tape of the package 3, the frame elements 3 are placed along the edges and in the middle of the tape with a given periodicity. The frame elements 3 For example, rubber can be made of the following way: Rubber strips are pressed and vulcanized or rectangular-plaited. Since rubber has a high coefficient of friction over copper, the rubber band is reinforced with copper. To do this, stick a thin copper tape (0.1-0.2 mm) of the same width on it. The frame elements of the required size and shape are obtained by cutting or stamping a reinforced rubber band. Made frame elements are glued in the usual way with rubber to a copper tape. Thus, packages i. spaced apart from each other at a distance equal to the thickness of the frame elements. In another embodiment of the cable construction (FIG. 2), cylindrical frame elements 5 with different diameters in length can be made, for example, of rubber, reinforced in the middle with a brass rod, or made of durable waterproof plastic by injection molding. The frame elements 5 are placed in the gap between the tape packages perpendicular to the cable axis with a predetermined periodicity. And when the tape packages are fastened with clamps, cylindrical protrusions at the ends of the said elements, the frame is placed in the openings of the side walls of the clamps. Elements of corks can be made of durable waterproof plastic by injection molding or by stamping from a non-ferrous metal, for example, from copper or brass strip. Elements of the frame (in the form of a channel) can be fixed by soldering or gluing. In the case of the elements 13 of the frame, rectangular or rounded

their forms are pre-connected by flexible connections, e.g., strands, or a strong cord of synthetic threads, and are placed between the packages. .S

The assembled packets of tapes are bent in a plane j parallel to the plane of the tapes along a curvature equivalent to the curvature of the Y-shaped cable that sags in operation, and at the same time fasten the packs of tapes with fasteners.

In the case of fastening: packages with collars, the latter are additionally connected by flexible connections, such as strand. Then the conductive core is bent, the required length is cut, bandages are made at the ends and transferred in a bent state for mounting tips. Further technological operations are almost indistinguishable from the manufacture of an existing cable. Prepare a protective hose of the required length. At first, one tip is mounted. Then they pull the core of the tip into the hose along an arc with a curvature equivalent to the curvature of the V-sagging cable. Mount the second tip. After that, the core is pulled into the hose, evenly, the tips are equally spaced from the ends of the hose and secured to the tips by means of clamps with a sufficient degree of tightness. The fastening of the V-shaped sagging cable to the busbars of the voltage source and the consumer is made by lugs using bolted joints. 1 The method of mounting the water-cooled cable is as follows. When mounting the cable directly on the electric furnace from the end of the terminals, each end of the mounted V-about differently sagging cable is twisted around the vertical axis by 90 in one direction (shown in Fig. 3 by the dotted line). After that, the lugs are fixed, having the planes of the ribbons entering the lug (points A and B in Fig. 3) in one vertical plane coinciding with the sagging plane of the working cable. And at point A, a tip is mounted, which is attached to the busbar of a –shey transformer, and at point B - to a Lechi. For arc steel-smelting furnaces, so that the cable works more reliably, its

twist in the opposite direction. false rotation of the furnace roof when it is opened. This is clearly seen from FIG. 3 .and 5 when considering the cable at point B.

Claims (2)

FIG. The movement of the V-shaped sagging cable in a vertical plane is shown; during the process of loading the metal into the furnace and melting it, only the right part of the cable branch, connected at the tip B to the furnace busbar, moves. In the proposed cable cable design, laid longitudinally without deformations, provide the cable with greater flexibility for vertical movements. FIG. Figure 5 shows the most severe cable operating conditions when turning the furnace roof, when the two cable ends experience different deformations. During operation, when turning the furnace vault at the EO at point B, the cable experiences torsional deformation, and since turning the furnace vault touches the left half of the cable branch with its body, it undergoes a bend at the point Ai below. For rigid cable construction, this is an extremely demanding work environment. The proposed cable works easily in such conditions. Since the cable at point B during installation (Fig. 3; was pre-twisted by 90, then when turning the furnace roof (Fig. 5) 90, it unwinds, removing the already small torsion deformation. Bend at point L and below (Fig. It does not cause any concerns, since the tapes are easily bent in this plane. Fig. 6 shows the bend of the right branch of the cable when the metal is drained from the furnace. As you can see, the package of tapes is easily bent in this plane. It is known that, during operation, the cables of one phase of the phase are split ) experiencing electrodynamic forces. Because the existing structures in After cooling, the cables are very rigid, especially when there is a supporting steel helix, the wires at the tips are damaged. According to the proposed method of mounting the tape at the tips, they are in the same plane, and the electrodynamic forces are directed perpendicular to this plane, therefore the tape is easily bent in this direction. water-cooled cable reduces the resistance to alternating current by twisting the wires and thus increasing the power transmitted by the cable, which allows for short atit time for metal smelting, reduce cooling water consumption, and increase furnace capacity. The high filling ratio allows the cable size to be reduced. In addition, cable manufacturing technology is simplified, since the operations of stranding and rewinding wires and conductors are eliminated. There is no need for expensive equipment, in a large number of returning and receiving containers. Saves energy, reduces the number of people employed in these operations. : The proposed cable design is very flexible, since the ribbons in the package are laid lengthwise without bending and twisting deformations, as is the case with twisted conductors. The proposed method of mounting a water-cooled cable makes it possible to increase the cable's tightness at the tips. All this makes it possible to dramatically increase the life of the cable, thus reducing the non-productive downtime of electric furnaces due to cable failure, Formula of the invention f. A water-cooled cable including a conductor and a conductor, at least one frame forming a coolant channel and a protective hose superimposed with a gap, characterized in that, in order to increase the transmitted power and service life, the conductor core is designed as longitudinally laid, covered by fasteners, packages of tapes; between which the frame is located. 2. The cable according to clause T, which also consists in the fact that the core is formed from four packs of tapes of different widths, with the packs adjacent to two opposite sides of the frame by the sides formed by the planes of the last tapes of the packs, and two other sides formed by the ribbons of the ribbons. 3. Cable according to PP, 1 and 2, which is made up of the fact that the fastening elements are made in the form of clamps consisting of two halves with perforated walls fastened with two strips by means of a dovetail connection. . The cable according to claim 3, which also means that holes are placed in the side walls of the clamps symmetrically with respect to the cable axis, in which the frame is placed, the latter being formed by elements of cylindrical shape of different diameters. 5 A method of manufacturing a cable line with a water-cooled cable, is sagging, including the manufacture of a conductive core with a frame, the installation of fasteners, the installation of tips, the imposition of a protective hose with a gap, and the attachment of tips to a voltage source and a consumer different from simplification of the technology in the manufacture of cores of tape packages; before installation of fasteners, the core is bent in a V-shape. 6. A way to pop. 5, it is also distinguished that each end of the cable, prior to fastening, is twisted around the vertical axis by 90 in one direction and fixed the lugs, having ribbons entering the lugs, in vertical planes parallel to the plane of the sagging loop of the cable. Sources of information taken into account in the examination, 1. TU OV. 505.09-77. 2. Catalog of the company Furucawa Electric COCTD, 1977. but Phi. I