SU962741A1

SU962741A1 - Method and apparatus for automatic control of grate-type refrigerator

Info

Publication number: SU962741A1
Application number: SU813237946A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Александр Григорьевич Бородай; Александр Калинович Ерошкин; Александр Алексеевич Опришко; Сталина Сергеевна Шишова; Галина Антоновна Журавель; Вера Алексеевна Мартынова
Original assignee: Грозненское Научно-Производственное Объединение "Промавтоматика"
Priority date: 1981-01-16
Filing date: 1981-01-16
Publication date: 1982-09-30

Description

Изобретение относится к управлению колосниковыми холодильниками и может найти применение в промышленности строительных материалов, в химической промышленности в цветной металлургии и других отраслях.The invention relates to the management of grate coolers and may find application in the building materials industry, in the chemical industry in non-ferrous metallurgy and other industries.

Известен способ управления колосниковыми холодильниками, заключающийся в регулировании расхода воздуха общего дутья в подрешеточное прост- ю ранство холодильника воздействием на число оборотов вентилятора, разрежения' в горячей головке воздействием на расход аспирационного воздуха, перепада давления под решеткой 15 холодильника воздействием на число оборотов двигателя решетки холодильника t 1 ].A known method of controlling grate coolers, which consists in controlling the flow rate of air of the common blast into the sublattice space of the refrigerator by affecting the speed of the fan, vacuum in the hot head by affecting the flow rate of aspiration air, the pressure drop under the grill 15 of the refrigerator by affecting the speed of the engine of the refrigerator grate t 1].

Недостатком этого способа является низкое качество управления, так как . ²⁰он предусматривает регулирование охлаждения· клинкера по перепаду давления под решеткой холодильника, ко2 торыи неоднозначно характеризует количество и гранулометрический состав клинкера, а в большей степени зависит от расхода воздуха общего дутья.The disadvantage of this method is the poor quality of management, since. ^20, it provides for the regulation of cooling of clinker by the differential pressure under the refrigerator grate, which ambiguously characterizes the quantity and particle size distribution of the clinker, and to a greater extent depends on the air flow of the total blast.

Наиболее близким к предлагаемому является способ автоматического управления колосниковым холодильником , предусматривающий подачу воздуха общего дутья в подрешеточное пространство холодильника и измерение давления воздуха по камерам холодильника* и регулирование распределения потока воздуха в холодильнике путем перестановки шибера’ в холодной камере в сбответствии с величиной перепада давления между камерами [2].Closest to the proposed method is the automatic control of the grate refrigerator, which provides for the supply of common blast air into the sublattice space of the refrigerator and measuring the air pressure in the refrigerator chambers * and regulating the air flow distribution in the refrigerator by moving the gate in the cold chamber in accordance with the pressure drop between the chambers [2].

Недостатком способа является то, что управление подачей воздуха в камеры холодильника осуществляется без учета его перетока в соседние камеры, т.е. количество воздуха, подава*· емое в камеру, равно количеству воздуха, проходящему через решетку холо^и дильника над этой камерой. Теоретически распределение воздуха по камерам холодильника, предусмотренное его конструкцией, должно было бы обеспечить его удовлетворительную 5 работу. Однако известно, что перетоки воздуха между камерами через имеющиеся технологические и другие неплотности составляют 20-30% для холодильников, находящихся в хорошем тех-10 ническом состоянии, и могут увеличиваться до 40-50% в процессе их эксплуатации.The disadvantage of this method is that the air supply to the chambers of the refrigerator is controlled without regard to its flow to neighboring chambers, i.e. the amount of air supplied * · to the chamber is equal to the amount of air passing through the holo ^and diling lattice above this chamber. Theoretically, the air distribution over the chambers of the refrigerator, provided for by its design, should have ensured its satisfactory 5 operation. However, it is known that air flows between chambers through existing technological and other leaks amount to 20-30% for refrigerators in good technical condition and can increase up to 40-50% during their operation.

При этом воздушный поток (измеряемый и регулируемый), направленный 15 например в первую камеру, не обеспечивает ожидаемого охлаждения клинкера, находящегося на колосниковой решетке первой камеры, поскольку часть воздуха перетечет во вторую камеру 20 холодильника. Поскольку давление в воздухе в первой камере поддерживается наибольшим-и понижается от камеры к камере, то охлаждающий воздух будет перетекать из предыдущих камер 25 в последующие.Moreover, the air flow (measured and adjustable) directed 15 for example into the first chamber does not provide the expected cooling of the clinker located on the grate of the first chamber, since part of the air flows into the second chamber 20 of the refrigerator. Since the air pressure in the first chamber is maintained the greatest — and decreases from chamber to chamber, cooling air will flow from previous chambers 25 into subsequent chambers.

Кроме того способ автоматического ^управления не учитывает неравномерность слоя охлаждаемого материала на 35 решетке холодильника. Все снимает эффективность работы холодильника.In addition, the automatic control method does not take into account the unevenness of the layer of cooled material on the 35th lattice of the refrigerator. Everything removes the efficiency of the refrigerator.

Цель изобретения - повышение производительности холодильника за счет компенсации перетоков воздуха между _3Jкамерами внутри холодильника из-за •неплотностей перегородок и неравномерности слоя материала на решетке холодильника .The purpose of the invention is to increase the productivity of the refrigerator by compensating for the flow of air between _3J chambers inside the refrigerator due to • leaky partitions and uneven layer of material on the grill of the refrigerator.

Поставленная цель достигается тем,⁴⁰что согласно способу автоматического управления колосниковым холодильником, включающем стабилизацию расхода воздуха общего дутья и измерение давления воздуха в камерах, для каж- ⁴⁵дой камеры, кроме первой, задают отношение величины давления в этой камере к величине давления в предыдущей камере, задержанной на время транспортного запаздывания клинкера, ⁵⁰и регулируют подачу воздуха в эти камеры таким образом, чтобы это отношение оставалось постоянным.This object is achieved by a method according to ⁴⁰ that automatic control grate cooler, comprising a general stabilization of the blast air flow and measuring the air pressure in the chambers for ⁴⁵ kazh- Doi chamber except the first set attitude pressure in this chamber to the magnitude of the pressure in the preceding chamber delayed by the clinker transport delay ^50, and regulate the air supply to these chambers so that this ratio remains constant.

Сущность предлагаемого способа заключается в том, что стабилизи- 55' руют количество воздуха, проходящего через решетку холодильника над камерой, а не количество воздуха, по даваемого в камеру, как это делается в известных способах.The essence of the proposed method is that it stabilizes 55 'the amount of air passing through the refrigerator grill above the chamber, and not the amount of air supplied to the chamber, as is done in the known methods.

Известно, что расход газа (воздуха) через элемент, оказывающий.сопротивление его прохождению (в нашем случае, таким элементом является решетка холодильника со слоем клинкера на ней) выражается уравнениемIt is known that the flow of gas (air) through an element that renders its passage (in our case, such an element is a refrigerator lattice with a clinker layer on it) is expressed by the equation

АР = Cq* (1) где АР - перепад давления на решетке; q - расход воздуха,через единичную площадь;AP = Cq * (1) where AP is the pressure drop across the grate; q is the air flow through a unit area;

С - коэффициент пропорциональности.C is the coefficient of proportionality.

Величина С определяется в основном конструктивными параметрами решетки и газовой проницаемостью слоя, 'клинкера, которая в свою очередь определяется его толщиной, гранулометрией, температурой и др.The value of C is determined mainly by the structural parameters of the lattice and the gas permeability of the layer, clinker, which in turn is determined by its thickness, granulometry, temperature, etc.

Если параметры решетки изменяют- ся во времени (от ремонта до ремонта) медленно и автоматически учитываются любой системой регулирования, то параметры слоя клинкера на решет.ке не остаются постоянными и могут существенно разниться даже для соседних камер. Это вызвано тем, что клинкер выходит из печи неравномерно, и гра- ^:нулометрия не остается постоянной. В рузельтате возможно волнообразное распределение толщины слоя клинкера на решетке. Образующиеся волны или · другие неоднородности слоя клинкера, продвигаясь к выходу холодильника, последовательно проходят над всеми камерами, вызывая нежелательное перераспределение воздуха по камерам через имеющиеся неплотности. Это вызывает необходимость учета динамики движения клинкера по решетке холодильника при управлении воз-, душными потоками и предусматривается в предлагаемом способе.If the lattice parameters change in time (from repair to repair) slowly and automatically are taken into account by any control system, then the parameters of the clinker layer on the lattice do not remain constant and can vary significantly even for neighboring cameras. This is because the clinker exits the furnace unevenly and the gra- ^: zero-metering does not remain constant. In roseltate, a wavy distribution of the thickness of the clinker layer on the grate is possible. The resulting waves or other inhomogeneities of the clinker layer, advancing towards the exit of the refrigerator, sequentially pass over all the chambers, causing an undesirable redistribution of air through the chambers through the leaks. This necessitates taking into account the dynamics of the movement of clinker on the grill of the refrigerator when controlling air and airflows and is provided for in the proposed method.

Для простоты рассмотрим первые две камеры. Согласно (1) расходы воздуха через решетки холодильника, соответственно, будут равныFor simplicity, consider the first two cameras. According to (1), the air flow through the grill of the refrigerator, respectively, will be equal

где Р, , Pj_ давления в первой и второй камерах, соответственно;where P,, Pj_ are the pressures in the first and second chambers, respectively;

С₄ , С_х - коэффициенты пропорциональности;C ₄ , C _x - proportionality coefficients;

давление воздуха над решеткой холодильника.air pressure above the refrigerator grill.

Если система управления учитывает динамику прохождения клинкера по холодильнику, то величины С^ и С^, используемые в вычислениях управляющих воздействий, будут изменяться синхронно, а их отношение можно принять постоянным.If the control system takes into account the dynamics of clinker passage through the refrigerator, then the values of C ^ and C ^ used in the calculations of control actions will change synchronously, and their ratio can be assumed constant.

Давление Р над решетками холо- ’ дильника, как правило, на 2-3 мм водяного столба меньше атмосферного, а давление Р^ и Р^ на 100-200 мм водяного столба больше атмосферного.The pressure P above the bars of the refrigerator, as a rule, is 2–3 mm of water column less than atmospheric, and the pressure P ^ and P ^ is 100–200 mm more than atmospheric.

лее боПоэтому, не внося погрешность 2%, можно принятьTherefore, without introducing a 2% error, we can accept

Р .- р =р ^и ^г1 ^Г Ί Г (2)P .- p = p ^and ^g 1 ^G Ί G (2)

ΔΡ^ΙΑ Р- 1 где избыточное (относительно мосферного) давление камере..ΔΡ ^ ΙΑ P- 1 where is the excess (relative to the mosospheric) pressure of the chamber ..

На основании уравнений (1) учитывая динамику прохождения ра над камерами, получаем в i -й ^ат20 и (2), клинке25Based on equations (1), taking into account the dynamics of the passage of pa over the cameras, we obtain in the i-th ^at 20 and (2), blade 25

Суммарный расход воздуха через решетку над камерой определится,'исходя из ее площади (4)The total air flow through the grill above the chamber is determined, 'based on its area (4)

G = S q _л ' т 'G = S q _l 't'

G 2. ^{= 1} f где G₄, G^- расходы воздуха через решетку над 1 и 11 камерами, соответственно.G 2. ^{= 1} f where G ₄ , G ^ - air flow through the grill above 1 and 11 chambers, respectively.

Из (3) и (4) получаем . / оu-rLFrom (3) and (4) we obtain. / ou-rL

-V (5) (5) следует, что для стабилизаИз ции отношений потоков воздуха через решетки в двух камерах необходимо и достаточно стабилизировать отношение давлений в этих камерах с учетом динамики прохождения клинкера по этим решеткам, т.е.-V (5) (5) it follows that in order to stabilize the ratios of air flows through gratings in two chambers, it is necessary and sufficient to stabilize the pressure ratio in these chambers taking into account the dynamics of clinker passage through these gratings, i.e.

Р₄= K-P^t-T) , (6) где Ρχ - давление, которое необходимо поддерживать во второй камере;P ₄ = KP ^ tT), (6) where Ρχ is the pressure that must be maintained in the second chamber;

β, (t-T) - давление в первой камере, задержанное на время транспортного запаздывания клинкера от первой до второй камеры;β, (t-T) - pressure in the first chamber, delayed by the clinker transport delay from the first to the second chamber;

(7)(7)

К - коэффициент пропорциональ ности численно равный (из 5):K is the proportionality coefficient numerically equal (out of 5):

SaSa

К·* г- 1 ςΐ ~ Ч<1 5>q_ С/|K * * r- 1 ςΐ ~ <<1 5> q_ C / |

Как указывалось выше,закономерность изменения величин (Ц и С_х носит сложный характер, но их отношение С^7С₄ можно принять постоянным, что обеспечивает практическую ,реализацию способа, ί В предлагаемом способе давление в первой камере не регулируется. Оно определяется расходом воздуха, поступающим в камеру, газопроницаемостью, решетки и слоя клинкера на ней, величиной перетока воздуха во вторую камеру.As indicated above, the pattern of change in the quantities (C and C _x is complex, but their ratio C ^ 7C ₄ can be taken constant, which ensures a practical, implementation of the method, ί In the proposed method, the pressure in the first chamber is not regulated. It is determined by the air flow, flowing into the chamber, gas permeability of the lattice and the clinker layer on it, the amount of air flow into the second chamber.

Давление в каждой последующей камере синхронизируется во времени с давлением в предыдущей камере с учетом транспортного запаздывания клинкера и заданного для этих Камер коэффициента пропорциональности, который численно определяется по уравнению (7) или по фактическому отношению давлений в камерах в момент .наилучшей работы холодильника.The pressure in each subsequent chamber is synchronized in time with the pressure in the previous chamber, taking into account the clinker transport delay and the proportionality coefficient set for these Cameras, which is numerically determined by equation (7) or the actual ratio of the pressure in the chambers at the time of the best operation of the refrigerator.

Для реализации способа автоматического управления колосниковым холодильником предложено устройство, которое содержит контур стабилизации расхода воздуха общего дутья и датчики давления воздуха в камерах холодильника, шиберы на потоках воздуха в камеры.To implement a method for automatic control of a grate fridge, a device is proposed that comprises a stabilization circuit for air flow in the common blast and air pressure sensors in the refrigerator chambers, gates on the air flows into the chambers.

Поставленная цель достигается так же тем, что устройство автоматического управления колосниковым холодильником, например трехкамерным, содержащее датчики давления в камерах, шиберы на воздуховодах в камеры холодильника и контур стабилизации расхода воздуха общего дутья, снабжено двумя регуляторами, двумя блоками запаздывания и двумя задатчиками, при этом датчик давления в первой камере через первый блок запаздывания во вто рой камере непосредственно связаны • первым регулятором,который соединение шибером на воздуховоде во вторую каме. ру и первым задатчиком,а датчик давления во второй камере через второй •блок запаздывания и датчик давления в третьей камере непосредственно связа⁵⁵ ны со вторым регулятором, который соединен с шибером на воздуховоде в третью камеру и со вторым задатчиком. · ,9.62741 ⁷ This goal is also achieved by the fact that the device for automatic control of the grate fridge, for example, three-chamber, containing pressure sensors in the chambers, gates on the air ducts in the refrigerator chambers and the stabilization circuit of the air flow of the common blast, is equipped with two regulators, two delay units and two adjusters, while the pressure sensor in the first chamber through the first delay unit in the second chamber is directly connected • by the first regulator, which is connected by a gate on the air duct to the second me py and the first setting device and the pressure sensor in the second chamber via the second delay unit, and • a pressure sensor in the third chamber ⁵⁵ us is directly related to the second regulator, which is connected to the damper on the duct into the third chamber and the second setting device. 9.62741 ⁷

На чертеже представлена блок-схема устройства автоматического управления трехкамерным колосниковым холодильником.The drawing shows a block diagram of a device for automatic control of a three-chamber grate fridge.

Устройство включает датчики 1-3 давления в соответствующих камерах, блоки 4 и 5 запаздывания, связанные соответственно с датчиками 1 и 2 давления, регулятор 6 давления', входы которого соединены с датчиком 2 давления и блоком 4 запаздывания и задатчиком 7, з выход связан с шибером 8, установленным на'воздуховоде во вторую камеру, регулятор 9 давления, входы которого соединены с датчиком 3 давления и блоком 5 запаздывания и задатчиком 10, а выход связан с шибером 11, установленным на воздуховоде в третью камеру холодильника. Контур стабилизации расхода воздуха общего дутья состоит из датчика 12 расхода с регулятором 13, соединенным с шибером 14.The device includes pressure sensors 1-3 in the respective chambers, delay units 4 and 5 associated with pressure sensors 1 and 2, pressure regulator 6, the inputs of which are connected to pressure sensor 2 and delay unit 4 and setpoint 7, the output is connected to a gate 8 installed on the air duct into the second chamber, a pressure regulator 9, the inputs of which are connected to the pressure sensor 3 and the delay unit 5 and the setter 10, and the output is connected to the gate 11 installed on the duct in the third chamber of the refrigerator. The stabilization circuit for the flow of air of the common blast consists of a flow sensor 12 with a regulator 13 connected to the gate 14.

Устройство работает следующим образом .The device operates as follows.

Предположим, что в начальный момент времени управления клинкер равномерно распределен на решетке холодильника и имеет однородный гранулометрический состав, а воздух распределен по решетке, как предусмотрено конструкцией холодильника: 1 камера60%. II камера - 3θ%, Ш камера - 10% От общего расхода воздуха. При появлении над первой камерой более плотного слоя клинкера давление в 1 'камере и в воздуховоде увеличится, (Увеличится поступление воздуха во вторую камеру по воздуховоду и за счет увеличившихся перетоков. В результат те синхронно с давлением в первой камере увеличится и давление во 11 камере. При этом должен был бы уменьшиться расход воздуха через решетку первой камеры и увеличиться через решетки последующих камер, как следствие - ухудшиться охлаждение клинкера .и снизится температура воздуха, поступающего в печь (относитель-. но начального времени),т.е. снизится эффективность работы холодильника .Suppose that at the initial time of control, the clinker is evenly distributed on the grill of the refrigerator and has a uniform particle size distribution, and the air is distributed on the grill, as provided by the design of the refrigerator: 1 chamber 60%. II chamber - 3θ%, W chamber - 10% of the total air flow. When a denser clinker layer appears above the first chamber, the pressure in the 1 'chamber and in the air duct will increase, (Air will enter the second chamber through the air duct and due to increased overflows. As a result, the pressure in the 11 chamber will increase simultaneously with the pressure in the first chamber. In this case, the air flow through the grate of the first chamber should decrease and increase through the gratings of the subsequent chambers, as a result, the clinker cooling will deteriorate. And the temperature of the air entering the furnace will decrease (relatively. Nogo time), ie. it reduces the effectiveness of the refrigerator.

При управлении холодильником этого не произойдет. Поскольку давление, измеряемое датчиком 1 в 1 камере, поступающее в регулятор 6, задерживается в блоке 4 на время, транспортного запаздывания, а давлеWhen controlling the refrigerator this will not happen. Since the pressure measured by the sensor 1 in 1 chamber, entering the regulator 6, is delayed in block 4 by the time of transport delay, and pressure

4$ ,4 $

.ние, измеряемое датчиком во П. камере, подается на вход регулятора 6 непосредственно, то последний будет вырабатывать сигнал на закрытие шибера 8 с соответствующим для П камеры коэффициентом пропорциональности, задаваемым задатчиком 7, что уменьшит поступление воздуха во П камеру по воздуховоду, компенсируя увег личивающийся переток из 1 камеры. При этом давление воздуха и его расход через решетку П камеры останутся прежними.Since the measured by the sensor in the P. camera is fed directly to the input of controller 6, the latter will generate a signal to close the gate 8 with the proportionality coefficient corresponding to the P camera, set by the setter 7, which will reduce the air flow into the P camera through the duct, compensating for the escape latching crossflow from 1 camera. In this case, the air pressure and its flow through the grill P of the chamber will remain the same.

При продвижении плотного слоя клинкера до второй камеры, спустя время запаздывания, прежнее давление во П камере уже не будет соответствовать заданному распределению потоков воздуха и регулятор 6 вырабатывает сигнал на открытие шибера 8, увеличивая поступление воздуха во П камеру, если давление в камере само по себе не достигнет нужной величины.When advancing a dense clinker layer to the second chamber, after a lag time, the previous pressure in the P chamber will no longer correspond to the specified distribution of air flows and the regulator 6 generates a signal to open the gate 8, increasing the flow of air into the P chamber, if the pressure in the chamber by itself will not reach the desired value.

Регулятор 9 работает аналогично, т.е. измеренное давление во И камере датчиком 2 задерживается в блоке 5 запаздывания на время прохождения клинкера от II камеры до Ши давление, измеренное датчиком 3, поступает в регулятор давления 9 непосредственно. Регулятор 9 вырабатывает сигнал на закрытие шибера с соответствующим коэффициентом пропорциональности, задаваемым задатчиком 10, и уменьшение поступления воздуха ь III камеру по воздуховоду, компенсируя увеличивающийся переток воздуха из II камеры в Ш.The controller 9 works in a similar way, i.e. the measured pressure in the And chamber by the sensor 2 is delayed in the delay unit 5 for the time of the clinker passage from the II chamber to the Shi, the pressure measured by the sensor 3 enters the pressure regulator 9 directly. The controller 9 generates a signal to close the gate with the corresponding proportionality coefficient set by the setter 10, and a decrease in air intake III chamber through the duct, compensating for the increasing air flow from the II chamber to W.

Использование .предлагаемого способа и устройства для автоматического управления колосниковым холо - . дильником, например, в.производстве цемента, позволит сократить удельный расход воздуха и электроэнергии за счет более рационального распределения потока воздуха по камерам холодильника, повысить срок службы и надежность холодильника, спортеров клинкера в силоса и спортеров, клинкера в мельницы более эффективного охлаждения ра, сократить удельный расход ва, т.к. лучшее охлаждение ра позволит повысить температуру воздуха ^подаваемо го в печь.Using the proposed method and device for automatic control of grate cold -. for example, in cement production, it will reduce the specific air and energy consumption due to a more rational distribution of air flow through the refrigerator chambers, increase the service life and reliability of the refrigerator, clinker sporters in silos and sporters, clinker mills for more efficient cooling of ra, reduce specific consumption va, because better cooling of pa will make it possible to increase the temperature of the air supplied to the furnace.

Claims

(5) AUTOMATIC CONTROL METHOD FOR KOLOSNIKOVYH. REFRIGERATOR AND DEVICE FOR ITS IMPLEMENTATION The invention relates to the management of grate coolers and may find application in the industry of building materials, in the chemical industry in color metallurgy and other branches. A known method of controlling grate coolers involves enclosing the total air flow to blow into the sublattice space of the refrigerator by affecting the fan speed, dilution in the hot head by influencing the aspiration air flow, pressure drop under the refrigerator grate by influencing the engine speed of the refrigerator grid to . The disadvantage of this method is poor control quality, since it provides for controlling the cooling of the clinker by the pressure drop under the refrigerator grate, which ambiguously characterizes the amount and particle size distribution of the clinker, and is largely dependent on the total air flow rate of the blow. The closest to the present invention is a method of automatic control of the grate cooler, which involves supplying total air to the sublattice space of the refrigerator and measuring the air pressure through the chambers of the refrigerator and controlling the distribution of air flow in the refrigerator by rearranging the gate in the cold chamber according to the value of pressure difference between the chambers 2 The disadvantage of the method is that the control of the air supply to the chambers of the refrigerator is carried out without taking into account its per current in the adjacent chamber, i.e. the amount of air supplied to the chamber is equal to the amount of air passing through the lattice of the refrigerator above this chamber. Theoretically, the distribution of air through the chambers of the refrigerator, envisaged by its design, would have to ensure its satisfactory operation. However, it is known that the air flows between the chambers through the existing technological and other leakages are 20-30% for refrigerators that are in good technical condition. and may increase to 0-50 during their use. At the same time, the air flow (measured and regulated), directed, for example, to the first chamber, does not provide the expected cooling of the clinker located on the grate of the first chamber, since part of the air will flow into the second chamber of the refrigerator. Since the pressure in the air in the first chamber is maintained the highest and decreases from chamber to chamber, the cooling air will flow from the previous chambers to the next. In addition, the automatic control method does not take into account the unevenness of the layer of cooled material on the grid of the refrigerator. All snnaffet efficiency fribota fridge. The purpose of the invention is to improve the performance of the refrigerator due to the compensation of air flows between the chambers inside the refrigerator due to the thinness of the partitions and the unevenness of the layer of material on the lattice x of the cushion. This goal is achieved by the fact that according to the method of automatic control of the grate cooler, which includes stabilization of the total air flow rate blowing and measuring the air pressure in the chambers, for each chamber, besides the first one, set the ratio of the pressure in this chamber to the pressure value in the previous chamber delayed by clinker transport delay, and regulate the flow of air into these chambers so that this ratio remains constant. The essence of the proposed method is that they stabilize the amount of air passing through the lattice of the refrigerator above the chamber, and not the amount of air supplied to the chamber, as is done in the known methods. It is known that the flow rate of gas (air) through an element that resists its passage (in our case, such an element is the lattice of the refrigerator with a layer of clinker on it) is expressed by the equation where RR is the pressure drop across the lattice; q - air flow through a single area; C - coefficient of proportionality. The value of C is determined mainly by the structural parameters of the lattice and the gas permeability of the layer, clinker, which in turn is determined by its thickness, grain size distribution, temperature, etc. If the lattice parameters change with time (from repair to repair) slowly and automatically By any control system, the parameters of the clinker layer on the grate do not remain constant and may differ significantly even for neighboring chambers. This is due to the fact that the clinker exits the furnace unevenly, and the particle size does not remain constant. In russeltat possible wavy distribution of the thickness of the layer of clinker on the grid. The resulting waves or other inhomogeneities of the layer of clinker, moving toward the exit of the refrigerator, consistently pass over all the chambers, causing an undesirable redistribution of air through the chambers through the leakage. This necessitates taking into account the dynamics of the movement of clinker in the lattice of the refrigerator during handling. are provided in the proposed method. For simplicity, consider the first two cameras. According to (1) air flow through the fridge grilles, respectively, will be equal where p. , RF pressures in the first and second chambers, respectively; C. Ci coefficients of proportionality; P - air pressure over the p frg of the refrigerator. If the control system takes into account the dynamics of clinker passing through the refrigerator, then the values of C. and C, used in the calculations of control actions, will change synchronously, and their ratio can be assumed to be constant. The pressure P over the grids of the refrigerator, as a rule, is 2–3 mm less than atmospheric in the bottom column, and the pressure P and P is 100–200 mm higher than the atmospheric pressure. Therefore, it is not possible to introduce an error of more than 2%, P can be accepted. Р If where is the excess (relative to the aospheric) pressure in the 1st chamber. On the basis of equations (1) and (2), taking into account the dynamics of the passage of the blade over the cameras, we obtain / pk. (G) The total air flow through the grill above the chamber is determined by its area —f where GV, is the air flow rate through the grille over 1 and fl chambers, respectively. From (3) and (4) we obtain From (5) it follows that to stabilize the flow ratios, the turn of the grating in two chambers requires and sufficiently stabilizes the pressure ratio in these chambers, taking into account the dynamics of clinker passing through these grids, i.e. 39Р K-P (t-T), (6) where the pressure to be maintained in the second chamber; P () is the pressure in the first chamber delayed by the transport time of the clinker from the first to the chamber; K - proportionality factor numerically equal (out of 5): QU 5 / С. As mentioned above, Law C and C, but the change in screen size is complex, but their C- / C, f ratio can be assumed to be constant, which ensures the practical implementation of the method. In the proposed method, the pressure in the first chamber is not regulated. It is determined by the flow rate of the air entering into the chamber, the gas permeability of the grate and the layer of clinker on it, the magnitude of the flow of air into the second chamber. The pressure in each subsequent chambers is synchronized in time with the previous chamber, taking into account the transport delay of clinker and the proportionality coefficient specified for these Chambers, which is numerically determined by equation (7) or by the actual ratio of pressures in the chambers at the moment of the best operation of the refrigerator. To implement the method of automatic control of the grate cooler, a device is proposed which contains a circuit for stabilizing the air flow rate of the total blowing and air pressure sensors in the chambers of the refrigerator, gate valves on the air flows into the chambers. The goal is also achieved by the fact that the automatic control device of the grate cooler, for example, three-chamber, containing pressure sensors in the chambers, gates on the air ducts in the chambers of the refrigerator and the air flow stabilization loop of the common blow, is equipped with By this, the pressure sensor in the first chamber is directly connected through the first delay unit in the second chamber: "by the first regulator, which is connected; to the gate on the air duct in the second chamber and the first setting device, and a pressure sensor in the second chamber through the second unit lag sensor and the pressure in the third chamber is directly bonded to a second regulator, which is connected to the damper on the duct and the third chamber and the second setting device. . In the drawing. A block diagram of an automatic control device of a three-chamber grate cooler is presented; The device includes pressure sensors 1-3 in the respective chambers, blocks and 5 delays associated respectively with pressure sensors 1 and 2, pressure controller 6, the inputs of which are connected to pressure sensor 2 and the delay unit k and behind the sensor 7. and output It is connected with a gate 8, mounted on the air duct to the second chamber, a pressure regulator 9, whose inputs are connected to a pressure sensor 3 and a delay unit 5 and a setting device 10, and the outlet is connected to a gate valve 11 mounted on the duct to the third chamber of the cooler. The circuit for stabilizing the air flow rate of the total blowing consists of a flow sensor 12 with a regulator 13 connected to gate 1. The device operates as follows. Suppose that at the initial control time the clinker is evenly distributed on the lattice of the refrigerator and has a uniform particle size distribution, and the air is distributed over the lattice as provided. refrigerator structure: 1 kdmera 60%. fl chamber - 30%; W chamber - 10% dT of the total air flow. When a more dense layer of clinker appears above the first chamber, the pressure in chamber 1 and in the air duct will increase (the air inflow into the second chamber through the duct and over the increased flow will increase. As a result, the pressure in chamber II will increase simultaneously with the pressure At the same time, the air flow through the grate of the first chamber would decrease and the grates of the subsequent chambers would increase, as a result, the cooling of the clinker would deteriorate. And the temperature of the air entering the kiln would decrease (relative to a lot of time, i.e. the efficiency of the refrigerator will decrease. This will not happen when the refrigerator is controlled. Since the pressure measured by sensor 1 in 1 chamber entering the regulator 6 is delayed in block k for the time of transport delay, measured by the sensor in the F1. chamber is fed to the input of the controller b directly, the latter will generate a signal to close the gate 8 with a proportionality coefficient set by the controller 7, which will reduce the air flow in the chamber y of the duct, compensating Uwe lichivayuschiys flow from one chamber. At the same time, the air pressure and its flow through the grid P of the chamber will remain the same. When advancing the dense layer of clinker to the second chamber, after the delay time, the previous pressure in the chamber will no longer correspond to the specified distribution of air flows and the regulator 6 generates a signal to open the gate V, increasing the flow of air into the chamber, if the pressure is not reaches the desired value. The regulator 9 works in a similar way, i.e. measured pressure in chamber 1 by sensor 2 is delayed in block 5 of delay by the time of clinker passage from (chamber 1 to and pressure measured by sensor 3 enters pressure regulator 9 directly. Controller 9 generates a signal for closing the gate with an appropriate proportionality coefficient set by setting device 10, and reducing the entry of air into the chamber through the duct, compensating for the increasing flow of air from one chamber to Ul. Using the proposed method and device for automatic control grate chillers, for example, in cement production, will reduce the specific consumption of air and electricity due to a more rational distribution of air flow through the chambers of the refrigerator, increase the service life and reliability of the refrigerator, clinker conveyors into silos and conveyors, clinker into mills, for more effective cooling of clinker, to reduce the specific fuel consumption, because better cooling of clinker will allow to increase the temperature of the air supplied to the kiln. Claim 1. Method for automatic control of grate cooler, including stabilization of total air flow rate and measurement of air pressure in chambers, characterized in that, in order to improve the performance of the refrigerator by compensating for air flow between chambers inside the refrigerator and unevenness of the layer of material on the lattice of the refrigerator, for each chamber, except the first one, set the ratio of the air pressure in this chamber to the air pressure value in p the previous chamber, which is delayed by the transport lag time of the material for this chamber, and regulates the flow of air into the chambers so that this ratio remains constant. 2. A device for carrying out the method according to claim 1, comprising air pressure sensors in the chambers, gates in the air ducts into the chambers and a circuit for stabilizing the air flow rate of the total blowing, characterized in that, in order to increase production, it is equipped with two regulators two delay units and two control points, wherein the pressure sensor in the first chamber through the first delay unit and the pressure sensor in the second chamber is directly connected to the first regulator, which is connected to the gate on the air duct to the second chamber and the first unit, and the pressure sensor in the second chamber via the second delay unit and the pressure sensor in the third chamber are directly connected to the second regulator, which is connected to the gate on the air duct to the third chamber and to the second unit. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1.Itselev R.I., Katsman A.D., et al. Automated firing control in the production of cement. L., Stroyizdat, 1I78, p. 140-150.

2.Smekhov M.M. and Gonebnik N.V. Complexing Mechanization and Automation at the Sebre Cement Plant. M,., Stroiizdat, 1971, p.67-68.

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