SU961775A1 - Apparatus for disintegrating loose materials - Google Patents

Description

(54) DEVICE FOR CRUSHING BULK MATERIALS

one

This invention relates to a device for grinding bulk materials, preferably chromatics.

sorbents, such as silica gel.

A device for crushing bulk materials is known, comprising a grinding chamber and a hammer mill for processing material in the stream of an essential agent C.

However, the known device cannot be used to obtain a finished product in the form of several fractions that are homogeneous in grain composition.

The closest to the technical essence of the invention is a device for grinding bulk materials in a fluidized bed, comprising a body having an upper lid, and in the bottom part of the body a gas-permeable grill and nozzle for supplying a fluidizing agent, as well as a vertical drive shaft with blades 2

The said device also does not allow the necessary material fractions that are uniform in particle size to be taken directly in the grinding process. The material obtained in such devices requires further classification.

The purpose of the invention is the simultaneous selection of several fractions of the finished product during the grinding process.

5The goal is achieved by the fact that

in a device for grinding bulk materials in a fluidized bed, comprising a body having an upper cover, and in the bottom part of the body a gas-permeable

, Q lattice and pipe for supplying a fluidizing agent, as well as a vertical drive shaft with blades, the blades are made Y-shaped, the vertices are directed along the shaft rotation and fixed on the noijpycHo shaft, and in the wall

The housing 15, between the planes of rotation of the blades, has openings for selecting the fractions of the grinding products.

In this case, each blade can be fixed on the shaft by means of a rod and made with the possibility of changing the angle of attack.

The housing can be provided with vertical partitions and bump stops mounted respectively on the cover and its wall.

FIG. 1 schematically shows the proposed device; in fig. 2 shows the attachment of the blade on the rod.

The device includes a housing 1 with a pit-tel 2, inside the housing 1 a shaft 3 is placed, to which rods 4 are attached with blades 5 made of a V-shape, fixed on shaft 3 with directional peaks along the shaft rotation. The shaft 3 is driven by an electric motor 6 located in the upper part of the housing 1.

In the lower part of the housing 1 is a gas-permeable grille 7 and a thrust bearing 8 of the shaft 3.

In the upper part of the housing 1, inside it, fixed partitions 9 and bump stops 10 are attached.

In the side wall of the housing 1 between the planes of rotation of the blades 5 there are holes with suction nozzles 11, and in the lower part - a nozzle 12.

The lower part of the housing 1, located above the grid 7, forms the chamber of the suspended layer.

The device works as follows.

A material, such as silica gel, is supplied by a feeder. 2 to the grill 7. The air flow through the nozzle 12 passes through the grill 7 and creates a suspended layer.

The shaft 3 rotates to deflect the flow of air to the walls of the housing 1, which is sucked through the holes.

At the same time, by increasing the air velocity at the wall of the housing and its suction, a pressure difference is established (greater at the shaft axis, smaller at the wall of the housing 1). As a result, the upward air flow as it moves along the axis of the shaft 3 loses its speed.

In the upper part of the housing 1 due to the fixed partitions 9, the air velocity has a minimum value.

The material from the caged layer is picked up by the upward air flow and is crushed when interacting with the rods 4 and the blades 5, while the speed of the upstream flow decreases, and particles of different sizes are distributed over the soaring speeds, i.e. 1, large below, smaller.

The dust formed during grinding is taken from the upper hole AND, since it has the lowest soar speed.

The concentration of particles of a certain size is carried out on a weighted basis, which are created between the planes of rotation of the rods 4 with the blades 5, and the blades allow a change in the angle of attack.

Moreover, the homogeneity of the obtained fractions is increased by

reducing the distance between the rows of rods 4 along the height of the shaft 3 and the selection of the angle of attack of the blades 5.

The choice of the V-shaped blades was made on the basis of an experimental and theoretical study of the aerodynamic motion of comminuted particles of various sizes and air in the proposed device. The greatest homogeneity of the selected fractions at the level of suction

holes with nozzles obtained when the V-shaped blades 5 with an angle of attack o6 80-90 ° and when the number of rotor shaft p 0000 r / min. The trajectories of particles at the selection levels under these conditions are annular zones in which

particles of one size are concentrated.

The bump stop 10 prevents the hit

large fractions in the upper hole 11.

The introduction of the proposed device

will improve the quality of the received

fractions of the crushed chromatographic sorbent by increasing their particle size uniformity and dedusting at the moment of sampling, exclude the operations of subsequent sieving of the finished product into homogeneous fractions, which in turn will reduce the labor costs and time

getting them.

Claims (3)

1. A device for grinding bulk materials in a fluidized bed, comprising a housing having an upper lid, and in the bottom of the housing a gas-permeable grill and a pipe for supplying a fluidizing agent, as well as a vertical drive shaft with blades, characterized in that simultaneous selection of several fractions of the finished product during the grinding process, the blades are made V-shaped, the vertices are directed along the shaft rotation and fixed on the shaft along the shaft, and in the wall of the body between the planes of rotation of the blades are made openings for the selection of fractions of grinding products. 5 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that each blade is fixed on the shaft by means of a rod and made with the possibility of changing the angle of attack. 3. The device according to PP. and 2, characterized in that the housing is provided with vertical 0 partitions and bump stops, fixed respectively on the lid and its wall. Sources of information taken into account in the examination. P. Sidenko. Grinding in the chemical industry. M., “Himi, 1977, p. 46. 2. USSR author's certificate number 568822, cl. At 02 C, 975.