SU960436A1 - Method and apparatus for earth-filling narrow-profile structures - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to mining, to the field of open cast mining and can be used for the construction of narrow-profile alluvial structures from the soil, primary dams for dumping large hygro-dumps, as well as in hydraulic engineering and transport construction for the bulk jumpers, land canals. and iron dyrogi. ,

A non-step-free method of inoculation of narrow-profile structures with dumping is known: groundwater dg1Mb of primary embankment and the following: m building them up in bulk soil, with continuous crane re-leveling of the alluvial slurry line and cocpeted outlets. pulp from the pipe end, with the fan movement of the front of the soil wash and free discharge of clarified water, into the drainage ditches through the spindle wells 1.

The main disadvantages of the method are as follows.

For OTSYP1SH, the primary embankments of dams use local or local 1T5UNTA, which increases the cost of construction work, and both imported and local unwashed soil in some cases does not meet the technological requirements, i.e. poorly filters water, which contributes to the accumulation of water at the base of the structure and significantly reduces its stability and the quality of construction.

. In addition, bulldozing is necessary for the dumping of earth ramming dams. 1.Zers, excavators, autoscrappers or autocomplete ..

ten

In swampy or flooded terrain, the hemming of narrow-profile structures is first conducted directly into the water without a primary embankment, since it is made of locally or imported soil

15 is practically very difficult and expensive. At the same time, the leads are kept until the water is above the water surface not along the cone of the nakhody, and only after this is done the first rounding is done, and then the soil is further up to the design marks with: power of the embankment embankment.

With this method of horn, the mass is free;

25 in different directions, as a result, there is a significant transfer and loss of large volumes of soil, dramatically increasing the cost of washing.

A nonstackless method is known for building up narrow structures with shield embankment dams focused on pulp production from Hai and My slurry pipelines, and free draining of clarified water through a drainage pipe into the drainage ditch. At the same time, the primary embankment and the subsequent build-up of the embankment is carried out by shields made of wood or other building materials. This is made in the form of mobile formwork With a special device for its pereukly 1ki 23. The method has the following disadvantages. The re-laying of the embankment dams requires the obligatory stopping of the supply of pulp to the zone of the shifting and installation of the 1-dam embankment, which takes a lot of time, thus reducing the productivity of the alluvial work. soils. Primary obvalovanie shields from the tree of the roar is almost difficult to implement in marshy and watery terrain. A device for the implementation of this method is known, which includes a dam embankment consisting of shields made of wood or other building materials and moving Nbix with a special lifting-transport mechanism, or made in the form of sections — cylinders connected together by special anchorages and sleep. bzhennye sealing aprons, filled with a working agent and installed around the perimeter of the area on the No. 1V of the soil array 3 and 4. The disadvantages of the known devices made in the form of an earth embankment in is that the ground embankment dam easily and quickly razmyvayuts .potokami pulp, and because they must often naraschivat and maintain in working state. At the same time, with earth embankment dams, it is practically impossible to wash out narrow earthy canals with a width of less than 5 m along the top. In addition, shield dams made of wood should be made of dense, carefully fitted shields so as not to pass and keep water in settling ponds before its clarification or prevent leakage of pulp through the slots on the spit of the washed structure, and water-filled or gas-filled sections of embankment dams cannot be used when the ground is washed out in flooded areas This means that the first depths are on the bottom and they will not be visible, while the second ones will come up with sealing aprons and will not be able to hold the washed soil. The aim of the invention is to increase the efficiency of alluvial operations by reducing the loss of soil and reducing the time of washing in narrow structures. This goal is achieved by using bollons filled with a working agent as enclosing sections, and rebuilding the bladder sections is carried out along the longitudinal axis of the washed structure. To achieve the same goal, in a device for inhaling narrow-profile structures, including movable enclosing sections connected between each other, each section of the fence is made of two cylinders arranged one above another, interconnected along the length in a vertical plane by a flexible web, with In this case, the upper cylinder is filled with gas, and the lower cylinder is filled with liquid, and the upper cylinders of the opposite sections are fastened together by transverse cable ties. Fig. 1 shows a narrowly profiled earth bed stuck on a marshy or watered terrain, a cross section, and a device in the form of balloon sections with which this structure is injected; Fig. 2 shows the construction of one balloon section of the device according to the invention, section A-A in Fig. 1; fig.Z narrow-structure construction, washed on the dry surface of the earth, the section; figure 4 is the same, view in plan with partial cuts; On fkg.5, the principle is the scheme of washing of the soil of the body-inus construction, side view; on fit.6. - the design of a flexible web connecting the cylinders along their length. Figures 1-6 denote: 1 and 2 - balloon sections filled with water and air, 3 - connecting flexible web, 4 - fasteners, 5 - fixed ropes, b - loops, 7 - shut-off and control valves n. cylinders, 8 alluvial soil, 9 - soil surface in dry areas, 10 - bog, 11 - joints of balloon sections, 12 - nylon rope, 13 - drainage ditch, 14 - waste water, 15 alluvial sloped layers. The implementation of the proposed method is carried out as follows. After the layout, interconnecting and / or filling the balloon sections with cylinders 1 and 2 with the working agent, alluvium of the soil is carried out in a one-way flow method without dividing the route of the washed narrow-profile building into separate all-washing maps. In this case, the soil is washed between the lower cylinders 1 and the flexible web 3 balg.

the upper sections are up to the design elevation with oblique cnoHNtH 15 and are laid at an angle of repose.

The spent and clarified water 14 is discharged into the drainage ditches 13 at the places where the balloon sections end.

The front of alluvial work is available on-line, and the volume of the HsiMHBaeMoro body of the groundwater body of the soil object is consistently formed from the layered volumes Y -, V-j, UZ, etc., gradually pushing aside the clarified water in the direction of the wash water.

The buildup of the balloon sections is carried out along the longitudinal axis of the washed-in narrow-profile structure as it advances, the front of the nadglvty works.

Disassembly of the balloon sections (openings) is carried out by draining the liquid ballast from the lower cylinders 1 (when alluvial is dry.) Through the shut-off and control valves 7 through pshangam using a compression kit or by blowing out the waste air and dispensed cylinders 1 with compressed air. in order to remove liquid ballast from them and to enable them to free-float (in the case of “wetlands” on swampy and watery areas).

A device for the flushing of narrow structures includes balloon sections consisting of cylinders 1 and 2 connected by flexible web 3 with fasteners 4, and then the sections are fastened with transverse steel 5 with ropes through loops b. After that, the balloon sections are joined together at the joints 11 through the grommets (holes) 12 into the splash whip, placed on the soil 9 (in dry areas) directly into the bog 10 at its bottom and filled with working agent: the lower cylinders 1 are filled with liquid ballast (for example, water), and the upper cylinders 2 - gas (hydrogen, helium, or air).

In this case, the lower cylinders 1 filled with ballast and tightly pressed to the soil base 9 or to the marsh (flooded) section, simultaneously play the role of a barrier dam and a kind of core to hold the gaming web 3 in the air or on water.

If the alluvium is made on a dry site, the flexible web is made of thick fabric (made of canvas or of rubber materials), and if the laying of the soil is conducted directly into the water 10, then the flexible web 3 can be made of filtering material (of non-woven synthetic needle-punched canvases).

A prerequisite for carrying out the process with the aid of the device proposed is to fill the upper cylinders 2 with a light gas, for example, with heparium or hydrogen, in order to make the upper cylinder 2 capable of pulling and holding

flexible web 3 in the air in a vertical position (when it is dried up on dry terrain), when it is wetted up in a swampy or watery terrain, top ballot .2 is preferable to be filled with atmospheric air so that their lift force in the water does not exceed the calculated one and does not tear off the ground lower ball oai 1,

 Compared with the known method of the alluvium, which consists in the soil alluvium in the space enclosed by the embankment dams, the method and apparatus used for

Its implementation has the following technical and economic advantages:

- there is no need for the construction and maintenance of special maps of the Alluvium with sand traps and

podzemiy vshol collectors for discharge from the maps of waste water;

 - Soil losses are practically eliminated when all structures are wet in a swampy or flooded area and their flush time is reduced;

- no importation requirement. dry soil and additional dumping of silt funnels in the places where the wells are installed;

- the possibility of namyz is practically very narrowed by the X. profiles (up to 2-2.5 m wide along the ridge), which allows the proposed technical solution to be used for erecting the primary dumps of dumps by the method of flushing, and not dumping from a dry 1-rune;

- there is no need for crawler earth-moving equipment, usually used during all-up work

erection embankments.

The advantage of the proposed method and device for its implementation is the universality, i.e.

the possibility of carrying out inlet works both in dry and in flooded or wetland areas.

Claims (3)

1. The method of washing the narrow structures, including the installation of enclosing sections along the boundaries of the area, connecting them between themselves, installing and rebuilding the enclosing sections, which is so that, in order to increase the efficiency of alluvial work. loss of soil and reduction of time of flushing 65, cylinders filled with a working agent are used as enclosing sections, while rebuilding the balloon sections is carried out along the longitudinal axis of the washed structure. 2. A device for inhaling narrow structures according to claim 1, comprising movable enclosing sections interconnected, characterized in that each section of the enclosure is made of two cylinders arranged one above each other, interconnected along their length in vertical at the plane of a flexible polbt, the upper cylinder is filled with gas and the lower one with liquid, and the upper cylinders of the opposite sections are fastened together by transverse fixed ropes, Sources of information taken into account during the examination 5 1. Nurok G, A. and others. Hydraulic dumps | in the quarries. M., Nedra, 1977, p. s, 28-43. 2. Melamut D.L. narrow profile of dams and small dams in rural 10 host. N., Gosstroyizdat, 1963, s, 21-30 (prototype), 3. BITKIN, V.V., et al. Hydromechanization at transport construction, Moscow, transport, 1970, sl16-122. 15 - USSR author's certificate in application number 2i800485 / 22-03, cl. E 21 C 45/00, 07.27.79.