SU954830A1

SU954830A1 - Piug for article hydraulic testing

Info

Publication number: SU954830A1
Application number: SU813252039A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Ярослав Васильевич Шевадуцкий; Василий Михайлович Скиба
Original assignee: Ивано-Франковское Производственное Объединение "Карпатпрессмаш"
Priority date: 1981-02-25
Filing date: 1981-02-25
Publication date: 1982-08-30

Description

Изобретение относится к контрольно-измерительной технике и может быть использовано при гидроиспытаниях изделий на прочность и герметичность.The invention relates to instrumentation and can be used in hydraulic testing of products for strength and tightness.

Известна заглушка полых изделий типа труб при их испытании, содержащая силовой цилиндр с отверстием для подвода рабочей среды и полым штоком, на котором насажены уплотнительные элементы, втулки и сухари, _нзаключенные в пружинное кольцо, и поршень [1].Known stub hollow products such as pipes when they are tested, containing a power cylinder with a hole for supplying a working medium and a hollow rod, on which are mounted sealing elements, bushings and crackers, _n enclosed in a spring ring, and a piston [1].

Недостатком указанной заглушки является ее малая надежность при вы- , соких давлениях испытательной среды за счет недостаточного усилия, действующего на поршень, и невозможность использования заглушки для испытания труб различного диаметра. ₂₁ The disadvantage of this plug is its low reliability at high pressures of the test medium due to the insufficient force acting on the piston, and the inability to use the plug for testing pipes of various diameters. ₂₁

Наиболее близкой по технической сущности и достигаемому результату к предлагаемой является заглушка для гидроиспытаний изделий, содержащая цилиндрический корпус, поршень со сквозным отверстием для подвода жидкости в испытываемую полость, конусный упор, закрепленный на конце поршня, гильзу с конусным фланцем, установленную на поршне с возможностью осевого перемещения, клиновые сухари, размещенные между упором и фланцем гильзы, уплотнительный элемент и гидроусилитель в виде подпружиненных в осевом направлении дифференциальных плунжеров, установленных в корпусе и предназначенных для передачи усилия на поршень [2].The closest in technical essence and the achieved result to the proposed one is a plug for hydraulic testing of products, containing a cylindrical body, a piston with a through hole for supplying fluid to the test cavity, a conical stop fixed at the end of the piston, a sleeve with a conical flange mounted on the piston with axial movements, wedge crackers placed between the stop and the sleeve flange, a sealing element and a hydraulic booster in the form of axial differential spring-loaded plungers s mounted in the housing and intended for transmitting force on the piston [2].

Недостатком известной заглушки является невозможность использования ее для гидроиспытаний изделий различного диаметра, поскольку конусные упор и фланец гильзы имеют одинаковый размер по любому радиусу, что и определяет возможность закрепления заглушки только в изделиях одного или близких диаметров.A disadvantage of the known plugs is the impossibility of using it for hydraulic testing of products of various diameters, since the conical emphasis and the sleeve flange are the same size over any radius, which determines the possibility of fixing the plugs only in products of one or similar diameters.

- сечение А-А цилиндрический отверстием 3 к уплотниЭ- section AA cylindrical bore 3 to the seal

Цель изобретения - обеспечение возможности испытания изделий различного диаметра.The purpose of the invention is the ability to test products of various diameters.

Указанная цель достигается тем, что заглушка снабжена подвижным относительно поршня кольцом с фиксатором положения сухарей и пальцами и пружинами растяжения, на конусных поверхностях упора и фланца гильзы выполнены осевые пазы различной глубины, объединенные в секции по количеству клиновых сухарей, а последние установлены в пазах с возможностью радиального перемещения на пальцах и соединены с кольцом пружинами растяжения.This goal is achieved by the fact that the plug is equipped with a ring movable relative to the piston with a fixer for the position of crackers and fingers and tension springs, axial grooves of various depths are made on the conical surfaces of the stop and flange of the sleeve, combined in sections according to the number of wedge crackers, and the latter are installed in grooves with the possibility of radial movement on the fingers and connected to the ring by tension springs.

На фиг. 1 представлена заглушка, общий вид; на фиг. 2 на фиг. 1.In FIG. 1 shows a stub, general view; in FIG. 2 in FIG. 1.

Заглушка содержит корпус 1 с ручкой 2, для подвода жидкости тельным элементом 4, расположенным с внутренней стороны корпуса 1 и поджимаемым к испытываемому изделию 5? поршень 6 с ручкой 7» отверстием 8 для залива жидкости в полость 9 корпуса 1, осевым каналом 10 для подвода жидкости в испытуемое изделие 5 и конусным упором 11,-гильзу 12 с конусным фланцем Неустановленную на поршне 6 с возможностью осевого перемещения, клиновые сухари 14, размещенные между упором 11 и фланцем 13 гильзы 12, плунжеры 15, подпружиненные пружинами 16 и выходящие через от-верстие 17 в полость 9 корпуса 1. Кроме того, заглушка снабжена подвижным относительно поршня 6 кольцом 18 с фиксаторами 19 и пальцами 20 и пружинами 21 растяжения, на конусных поверхностях упорё 11 и фланца ГЗ гильзы 12 выполнены осевые пазы 22 и 23, объединенные в секции 24 по числу сухарей 14, а последние установлены в пазах 22 и 23 с зозможностью радиального перемещения на пальцах 20 и соединены с кольцом 18 пружинами 21 растяжения .The cap contains a housing 1 with a handle 2, for supplying fluid with a solid element 4 located on the inside of the housing 1 and pressed to the test product 5? piston 6 with a handle 7 "hole 8 for pouring fluid into the cavity 9 of the housing 1, an axial channel 10 for supplying fluid to the test product 5 and conical stop 11, sleeve 12 with a conical flange Unidentified on the piston 6 with the possibility of axial movement, wedge crackers 14 located between the abutment 11 and the flange 13 of the sleeve 12, the plungers 15, spring-loaded with springs 16 and coming out through the hole 17 into the cavity 9 of the housing 1. In addition, the plug is equipped with a ring 18 movable relative to the piston 6 with latches 19 and fingers 20 and springs 21 tensile cones rhnostyah uporo flange 11 and sleeve 12 are PP axial grooves 22 and 23, combined in a number of sections 24 to biscuits 14 and the latter in the slots 22 and 23 with zozmozhnostyu radial displacement on the fingers 20 and connected to the ring 18 by springs 21 stretch.

Заглушка работает следующим образом.The stub works as follows.

Нажатием на ручку 7 поршень 6 перемещают влево, при этом возникает давление в полости 9 корпуса 1, плунжеры 15 и гильза 12 также перемещаются влево и сухари 14 под действием пружин 21 растяжения перемещаются в радиальном направлении к центру. За-,By pressing the handle 7, the piston 6 is moved to the left, while pressure arises in the cavity 9 of the housing 1, the plungers 15 and the sleeve 12 also move to the left and the crackers 14 under the action of the tension springs 21 move radially towards the center. Behind-,

954830 4 глушку за ручку 2 корпуса 1 вставляют в испытуемое изделие 5 и отпускают ручку 7· Под действием пружин 16 плунжеры 15 перемещаются впра5 во, создавая избыточное давление в полости 9 корпуса 1, которое, воздействуя на поршень 6, перемещает его вправо вместе с упором 11, конусная поверхность которого вступает во 10 взаимодействие с клиновыми сухарями 14. Последние, упираясь с другой стороны в конусную поверхность фланца 13 гильзы 12, перемещаются в радиальном направлении от центра и прижимаются к внутренней поверхности изделия 5, фиксируя заглушку, при этом уплотнительный элемент 4 предварительно поджимается к торцу изде*. лия 5, поскольку под действием избыточного давления в полости 9 корпуса 1 последний перемещается влево. Затем через осевой канал 10 поршня 6 в испытуемое изделие 5 подают жидкость под необходимым давлением, под воздействием которого плунжеры 15 перемещаются вправо и, действуя как гидроусилитель, увеличивают давление в полости 9 корпуса 1, передвигая поршень 6 с упором 11 вправо, а корпус 1 с гильзой 12 - влево. При этом, с одной стороны, увеличивается усилие прижатия клиновидных сухарей 14 к изделию 5, θ> с другой стороны, уплотнительный элемент 4 также сильнее прижимается к торцу изделия 5, причем последнее усилие прижатия всегда больше осевого усилия, действующего на уплотнительный злемент 4 со сторо- . ны испытательной жидкости вправо, что обеспечивает надежную герметизацию изделия 5.954830 4 the plug for the handle 2 of the housing 1 is inserted into the test product 5 and the handle 7 is released 11, the conical surface of which enters into interaction with 10 wedge crackers 14. The latter, abutting on the other hand against the conical surface of the flange 13 of the sleeve 12, move radially from the center and are pressed against the inner surface of the product 5, fixing the plug, while the sealing element 4 is pre-pressed to the end face of the article *. line 5, because under the influence of excess pressure in the cavity 9 of the housing 1, the latter moves to the left. Then, through the axial channel 10 of the piston 6, a liquid is supplied under test 5 with the necessary pressure, under the influence of which the plungers 15 move to the right and, acting as a hydraulic booster, increase the pressure in the cavity 9 of the housing 1, moving the piston 6 with a stop 11 to the right, and the housing 1 s sleeve 12 - to the left. In this case, on the one hand, the pressing force of the wedge-shaped crackers 14 to the product 5 increases, θ> on the other hand, the sealing element 4 is also more strongly pressed against the end face of the product 5, and the last pressing force is always greater than the axial force acting on the sealing element 4 from the side -. test fluid to the right, which ensures reliable sealing of the product 5.

При необходимости испытания изделий большего диаметра кольцо 18 с пальцами 20, на которых установлены с возможностью радиального перемещения клиновые сухари 14, поворачивается вправо относительно поршня 6 {см. фиг. 2, где показано расположение кольца 18, пальцев 20 и сухарей 14 для испытания изделий наименьшего диаметра), устанавливают сухари 14 в соответствующие данному диаметру изделия 5 пазы 22 и 23 упора 11 и фланца 13 гильзы 12, и фиксируют положение кольца 18-относительно поршня 6 фиксатором 19, после чего проводят испытания в порядке, описанном выше.If it is necessary to test products with a larger diameter, the ring 18 with fingers 20, on which the wedge crackers 14 are mounted with the possibility of radial movement, turns to the right relative to the piston 6 {see FIG. 2, which shows the location of the ring 18, fingers 20 and crackers 14 for testing the smallest diameter products), install crackers 14 in the grooves 22 and 23 of the stop 11 and the flange 13 of the sleeve 12 corresponding to the given diameter of the product 5, and fix the position of the ring 18 relative to the piston 6 the retainer 19, after which the tests are carried out in the manner described above.

После окончания испытаний рабочую жидкость сливают через осевой канал 10 поршня 6, нажатием на ручку 7 пел ремещают поршень 6 относительно корпуса 1 влево, освобождая сухари 14, которые под действием пружин 21 растяжения перемещаются к центру, после чего за ручку 2 корпуса 1 заглушку вынимают из изделия 5·After testing, the working fluid is discharged through the axial channel 10 of the piston 6, pressing the handle 7 sang, move the piston 6 relative to the housing 1 to the left, releasing crackers 14, which are moved to the center by the action of tension springs 21, after which the plug is removed from the handle 2 of the housing 1 products 5 ·

Эффективность заглушки заключается в возможности испытания изделий различного диаметра за счет установки⁷ фиксирующих клиновых сухарей в пазы различной глубины на упоре и фланце гильзы, что фактически приводит к изменению диаметров последних при необходимости испытания изделия другого диаметра.The effectiveness of the plug lies in the possibility of testing products of various diameters by installing ⁷ fixing wedge crackers in grooves of different depths on the stop and flange of the sleeve, which actually leads to a change in the diameters of the latter if necessary, testing the product of a different diameter.

Claims

The invention relates to measuring instrumentation and can be used in hydrostatic testing of products for strength and tightness. A known plug of hollow articles of the tube type during their testing, comprising a load cylinder with an opening for supplying a working medium and a hollow rod on which sealing elements are mounted, sleeves and crackers enclosed in a spring ring, and an Ul3 piston. The disadvantage of this plug is its low reliability at high pressures of the test medium due to insufficient force acting on the piston and the impossibility of using the plug to test pipes of different diameters. The closest to the technical essence and the achieved result to the proposed is a plug. For hydro-testing of products, containing a cylindrical body, a piston with a through hole for supplying fluid to the test cavity, cone-. anvil stop mounted on the end of the piston, a sleeve with a tapered flange mounted on the piston with the possibility of axial movement, wedge crackers placed between the stop and the flange of the sleeve, the sealing element and the hydraulic booster in the form of axially spring-loaded differential plungers mounted in the housing and designed for transfer of force to piston C2. A disadvantage of the known plug is the impossibility of using it for hydrotesting products of different diameters, since the cone stop and the flange of the liner and eyut same size as claimed in any radius, which determines the possibility of securing a stub in only one articles or similar diameters. The purpose of the invention is to enable testing of products of different diameters. This goal is achieved by the fact that the plug is provided with a ring that is movable relative to the piston with a lock of the position of the crackers and fingers and extension springs, axial grooves are made on the tapered surfaces of the stop and the flange of the sleeve, 5 different depths, the latter are set to grooves with the possibility of radial movement on the fingers and are connected to the ring by tension springs. On hfig. 1 shows the stub, general view; in fig. 2 - seed A-A in FIG. 1. The plug contains a cylindrical body 1 with a handle 2, a hole 3 for supplying fluid to the sealing element k located on the inner side of the body 1 and pressing the piston 6 with the handle to the test product 5s, opening 8 for pouring liquid into the cavity 9 of the body 1, axial channel 10 for supplying fluid to the test article 5 and a conical stop 11, a sleeve 12 with a conical flange 13 mounted on the piston 6 with axial movement, wedge crackers 14 placed between the stop And and the flange 13 of the sleeve 2, plungers 15 spring-loaded etc dinners 16 and opening through the opening 17 into the cavity 9 of the housing 1. In addition, the plug is provided with a ring 18 that is movable relative to the pore n 6 with clamps 19 and fingers 20 and extension springs 21, on the tapered surfaces of the stop 11 and the flange 13 of the sleeve 12, axial grooves 22 and 23 are made, combined in section 2k by the number of crackers 14, and the latter are installed in slots 22 and 23 with the possibility of radial movement on the fingers 20 and connected to the ring 18 by extension springs 21. The plug works as follows. By pressing the knob 7, the piston 6 is moved to the left, in this case there is pressure in the cavity 9 of the housing 1, the plunger 15 and the sleeve 12 also move from the left and the crackers 1 under the action of the springs 21 move in the radial direction to the center. For 04 clutches, the handle 2 of the housing 1 is inserted into the test article 5 and the handle 7 is released. Under the action of the springs 16, the plungers 15 move to the right, creating an overpressure in the cavity 9 of the housing 1, which, acting on the piston 6, moves it to the right together with the stop 11 , the conical surface of which interacts with the wedges I. The latter, on the other hand, rest against the conical surface of the flange 13 of the sleeve 12J are radially moved from the center and pressed against the inner surface of the product 5 by fixing the cap, and the sealing member is biased to a pre-k izde- end. LIA 5, since under the action of overpressure in the cavity 9 of the housing 1, the latter moves to the left. Then, through the axial channel 10 of the piston 6, the test product 5 delivers fluid under the necessary pressure, under the influence of which the plungers 15 move to the right and, acting as a hydraulic booster, pressurize 8 the cavity 9 of the housing 1, move the piston 6 with the stop 11 to the right, and the housing 1 s sleeve 12 - left. At the same time, on the one hand, the pressing force of the wedge-shaped crackers 1 to the product 5 increases. On the other hand, the sealing element 4 is also more strongly pressed against the end face of the product 5, with the last pressing force, and more axial force acting on the sealing element k -. The test liquid to the right ensures reliable sealing of the product 5. If it is necessary to test products of larger diameter, ring 18 with fingers 20, on which wedge crackers 1 are mounted with the possibility of radial movement, rotates to the right relative to piston 6 {see FIG. 2, showing the location of the ring 18, the fingers 20 and the crackers 1 for testing products of the smallest diameter), placing the crackers AND in the grooves 22 and 23 of the stop 11 and the flange 13 of the sleeve 12 corresponding to the given diameter of the product 5, and fixing the position of the ring 18 relative to the piston 6 latch 19, after which they are tested in the order described above. 5 After the end of the test, the working fluid is drained through the axial channel 10 of the piston 6, pressing the knob 7 moves the piston 6 relative to the housing 1 to the left, freeing the crackers 1, which under the action of the tension springs 21 move to the center, then the knob 2 of the housing 2 removed from the product 5 The efficiency of the plug consists in the possibility of testing products of different diameters by installing fixing wedge crackers into grooves of different depths on the stop and on the flange of the sleeve, which actually leads to a change in diameters of the last diameter x another test article if necessary. Claims for hydrotesting products, comprising a cylindrical body, a piston with a through hole for supplying fluid to the test cavity, a conical stop mounted on the end of the piston, a sleeve with a conical flange mounted on the piston 30 With the possibility of axial movement, wedge crackers placed between the stop and liner flange, sealing element and hydraulic booster in the form of axially spring-loaded differential plungers installed in the housing and intended to transfer force to the n The wheel, characterized in that, in order to enable testing of products of different diameters, it is provided with a relatively movable relative to the piston ring with a lock of the position of the crackers and fingers and extension springs, axial grooves of different depth are made on the conical surfaces of the hoop and the flange of the sleeve by the number of wedge crackers, and the latter are installed in grooves with the possibility of radial movement on the fingers and connected to the ring by tension springs. Sources of information taken into account during the examination 1. USSR author's certificate No. 325531, cl. G 01 M 3/02, .1970.

2. USSR author's certificate №, cl. G 01 M 3/08, 1979 (prototype).