SU950397A1 - Method of chamber sterilization of medical objects by hot air - Google Patents

Description

(5t) METHOD FOR CHAMBER STERILIZATION OF MEDICAL SUBJECTS BY HOT AIR

one

The invention relates to medicine, in particular to methods of sterilizing medical objects with hot air, and can be used in the sterilization equipment of hospitals, laboratories, pharmacies, etc.

There is a known method of sterilizing medical objects with hot air, which includes heating the chamber and the objects to be treated, sterilizing exposure and subsequent cooling fl.

When sterilizing objects in a known manner at the stage of sterilization exposure, there is a high temperature difference between the sterilizing agent temperature and the sterilization object, large time losses for heating the object to sterilization temperature and sterilization exposure due to poor thermal conductivity of air and low-intensity mass exchange of moisture by the microorganism and agent. All this

significantly reduces the effectiveness of this method.

The aim of the invention is to improve the quality of sterilization.

The goal is achieved in that according to the method of chamber sterilization of medical items with hot air, including heating of the chamber and treated items, sterilization exposure and subsequent cooling, in the process of heating, the air in the chamber is moistened with the introduction of water in an amount of 1-10 ml per 1 liter capacity cameras.

The method is carried out as follows.

Medical objects, such as jars, petri dishes, syringes, various instruments, etc., are placed in the sterilizer chamber, after which the measure is closed and dry hot air is fed into it to warm the chamber and the sterilized items. Objects into the chamber 9 are injected with water in the amount of 110 ml of water per 1 liter of the chamber, which is the most optimal for carrying out the process. When water enters the chamber, it evaporates under the action of heat and a small amount of steam formed during this enters the chamber volume. Taking into account that the heat capacity and heat transfer of moisture is higher than air, the temperatures in the chamber space equalize. The vapor that forms as a result of evaporation, in contact with less heated objects, condenses and transfers its heat (due to the heat of condensation) to objects. At the stage of sterilization exposure steam penetrates into the depths of objects. The mechanism of interconnection of the sterilizing agent system (with the inclusion of water vapor) —the medical object — the microorganism in the capillary of the object can be represented as follows. The heating inside the capillary mainly occurs after heating its specific surface of the object. The vapor sorption by an object corresponding to its sorption capacity associated with the specific surface of the object determines the optimum heating of the object throughout its mass. After heating the object, the air begins to warm up in its capillaries and air is absorbed by the condensate. After the air has been absorbed by the condensate, the heat comes into contact with the microorganism. The microorganism has on its surface a layer of air sorbed by its surface (air jacket) protecting the microorganism from the harmful effects of the environment. Upon contact with the microorganism, the vapor condenses, releasing heat to the microorganism, dissolves the air jacket and forms a water jacket, which in this case is a heat and mass exchange engine. By which heat due to heat transfer or diffusion enters the microorganism. Since the micro organism consists of a series of protein-containing partitions between which there is a liquid phase, a protein coagulation wave occurs. The wave coagulation moves towards the center of the cell, disrupting the ways of its vital activity, thus disrupting the realization of the DNA information contained in the information, the need for protein synthesis, etc. The basis of the theoretical prerequisites for the experimental research of sterilization of capillary-porysditsinskih objects can be predicted by a system of differential systems, describing their physical and physical nature about: -2.,. M .. V O-H-J N e-K.yy, 00v T + ciy OpVp; . -. -r ,, Cyy, E0 ((1 / §; v-fc-b t (. ЭЧ / ЭГ)) vi tpV F-fcCC.) V F Т - temperature potential of the object to be sterilized; 0 - mass transfer potential in the sterilization facility; P is the pressure potential in the sterilization facility; olft, is the coefficient of thermal diffusivity of the object to be sterilized, l-yy, is the coefficient of potential for maintaining the object of sterilization, Ap is the diffusion coefficient of the object of sterilization; - criterion of phase transformation of the liquid; V is the specific heat of phase transformation; y, is the specific isothermal mass capacity of the object to be sterilized; SL is the specific heat capacity of the object to be sterilized; thermogradient coefficient; the temperature potential of the microorganism; mass transfer potential in a microorganism, pressure potential in a microorganism, to - coefficient of thermal diffusivity of the microorganism;

j

coefficient of potentialopropv i i water mass transfer in a microorganism;

about (p is the diffusion coefficient in the microorganism

Vf

heat transfer coefficient of the microorganism,

The isothermal mass capacity of the microorganism is ideal;

pSh is the specific heat of the phase

transitions

c; specific heat capacity of the microorganism,

ct thermogradient coefficient. Considering that steam condenses on a microorganism and creates a water jacket, preventing the evacuation of moisture from the microorganism, the latter does not go into a supporting state, which means its death temperature is lower than during sterilization with dry steam, as shown in the table.

At the completion of the sterilization stage, the ehlada stage takes place.

nor what is done naturally.

The presence of water in the sterilizing chamber of less than 1 ml / liter leads to dehydration of the microorganism and the formation of its spore form, and heat is transferred through air having low thermal conductivity. All this increases the duration of sterilization exposure. The presence of water in the sterilizing agent of more than 10 ml / l of the chamber leads to corrosion of the sterilized tall tool due to the excess moisture in the chamber.

Thus, moistening the sterilizing agent, i.e. dry hot air allows to improve the heat and mass transfer between the agent and the object and reduce the mass exchange of moisture between the microorganism and the agent, which leads to an increase in the flying ability of microorganisms by preventing their sporulation and, ultimately, to improve the quality of sterilization.

Claims (1)

Claim The method of chamber sterilization of medical objects with hot air, including heating the chamber and the treated objects, sterilization exposure and subsequent cooling, ₄₅ characterized in that, in order to improve the quality of sterilization, the air in the chamber is moistened with water in the amount of 1-10 ml per 1 liter chamber capacity.