SU950287A1 - Cooking and drying unit for producing groat concentrates - Google Patents

Description

(54) COOKING AND DRYING INSTALLATION FOR PRODUCTION OF LARGE CONCENTRATES

one

The invention relates to plants for the production of cooked and dried cereals and is intended for use in the food concentrates industry.

A known cooking and drying plant for the production of large concentrates, 5 containing a device for feeding soaked grain, a cooking and drying chambers with vibrating screens installed in them, and a device for unloading the finished product. In the lower part of the plant housing there is a channel for transferring the product from the cooking chamber to the drying chamber. The devices for cooking and drying have a vertical vibrating screen moving mechanism, consisting of spring-loaded axes fastened with rotating conical rollers, interlocking and 15-axis, and a moving vibrating screen horizontal mechanism including conical supporting rollers and several pairs of springs, connected to the conveyor. Cooking is performed by steam coming from flexible steam lines at several points in height. Exhaust steam is removed through slots, at several levels in height. Drying is carried out by hot air washing

heated units of a closed recirculation system and an additionally heated heater before being fed into the drying chamber. To obtain a finished product of porous structure ("blown-up grains"), the installation includes a cooler and several blasting chambers located evenly around the casing of the drying device, and each of them is equipped with an oh.cooler.

The disadvantages of this installation are the inefficient design of devices for cooking and drying, as well as the unsuccessful technical solution of devices for supplying fresh and draining exhaust coolants both in the cooking and in the drying chambers. With this method of heat transfer, the heat and mass transfer coefficients are very low, the spent heat carriers have rather high parameters, i.e. such inefficient and incomplete heat transfer leads to an increase in specific energy consumption. Obviously, in this case, it is very difficult and difficult to achieve uniform cooking and drying over the entire height of the grain layer, since the heat transfer media move mainly above the grain layer, which leads to deterioration

quality cereals. The design of the boiling and drying devices is such that they have significant flow resistance. And, therefore, to ensure the passage of steam through the device for cooking and the air through the device for drying, an increased pressure of heat carriers in them is necessary. However, cooking the cereals under some excess pressure at elevated temperatures leads to a deterioration in the quality of the products due to the hydrolysis of the fat contained in the grains, the formation of melanoidin compounds and the difficulty of removing odorizing substances that give the cereals in a heated state an unusual and unpleasant smell and even a rancid taste.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the quality of the finished product and reduce the energy consumption of the installation.

In order to achieve this goal, in a well-known cooking and drying plant for producing large concentrates, containing a device for feeding soaked grain, the cooking and drying chambers with vibrating screens installed in them and the device for unloading the finished product, according to the invention, the upper and lower parts of the cooking and drying chambers are made in the form of diffusers, a mechanism is fixed in each diffuser for uniformly supplying the coolant flow to the vibrating screens, consisting of, and of a grid arranged parallel to the vibrating screen tapered cone, located in the center of the diffuser.

In the proposed device for adjusting the processing time of the product, the vibrating screens can be fixed with the possibility of adjusting the tilt angle, frequency and amplitude of oscillations.

FIG. 1 shows the cooking and drying unit, a general view; in fig. 2 shows section A-A in FIG. one.

The cooking-drying unit consists of the device 1 for feeding the soaked grain, the cooking chamber 2, the drying chamber 3 with vibrating screens and the device 4 for unloading the finished product. The grain feeding device 1 has an adjustable drive 5, which allows changing the speed of the soaked grain feeding device and, consequently, the amount of grain fed to the cooking chamber 2. To evenly distribute the soaked grain over the entire width of the vibrating screen 6 at the beginning of the cooking chamber 2 The agitator 7 is installed. The vibrating screen 6 of the cooking chamber 2 and the vibrating screen 8 of the drying chamber 3 have eccentric drives 9 and 10 allowing the frequency and amplitude of oscillations to be adjusted, and devices 11 for adjusting the angle of inclination. The presence of a rubber sealing ring 12, one edge attached to the vibrating screen and the other edge tightly adjacent to the wall of the cooking and drying chambers 2 and 3, prevents the passage of steam between the wall of the chambers and vibrating screens. To evenly distribute air over the entire area of the vibrating sieve 6 and 8, there is a mechanism consisting of cone-shaped fairings 13 and grating 14. A cyclone filter 15 is installed at the outlet of the drying chamber 3 to capture impurities. For effective removal of waste vapor from the cooking room 2 and drying 3 chambers exhaust fans 16 are used. To reduce heat losses, the entire body of the cooking apparatus is thermally insulated. Elements of construction. Installations that are in direct contact with steam and product are recommended to be made of stainless steel. Having viewing windows for visual observation allows you to control the process of boiling and drying the croup.

Cooking and drying unit works as follows.

A soaked grain feeding device feeds the soaked grain into the cooking chamber 2. The agitator 7 evenly distributes it across the entire width of the vibrating screen 6. The eccentric drives 9 and 10 of the vibrating screen 6 and 8 are turned on and simultaneously saturated steam is supplied to the cooking chamber 2. The uniform distribution of steam throughout the area of the vibrating sieve is provided with a cone-shaped spinner 13 and gratings 14. Cooking of the grits is carried out in a vibro-boiling layer, which is formed when the vibratory screen 6 and the saturated steam vibrate simultaneously with the grits, od conductive layer through the grains. At the same time, the croup moves along the vibrating screen 6 due to its inclination and its oscillations. Having passed the cooking chamber 2, the croup enters the plenum chamber 3, where simultaneously superheated steam is supplied, evenly distributed over the entire area of the vibrating screen 8 by the cone-shaped fairing 13 and the grill 14. Drying of the prepared grits is also carried out in the vibrating screen formed by the vibrating screen 8 and the passage of superheated steam through a layer of cereals. Next, the dried cereal enters the device 4 for discharging the finished product. A cyclone filter 15 is installed at the outlet of the drying chamber to collect particles of the croup carried away by the waste vapors. Effective removal of the exhaust vapors from the cooking and drying chambers is provided by exhaust fans 16.

Claims (2)

The advantages of the proposed cooking and drying apparatus are more uniform cooking and drying of the croup in a vibratory bale layer formed in this installation; preventing the grinding of dried cereals, a significant reduction in specific energy consumption, since there is no need to cool the welded cereals before drying, the ability to use waste vapor significantly increases the thermal efficiency of the apparatus, the possibility of complete mechanization and automation of the processes of cooking and drying of cereals, the simplicity of the design ensures the reliability of the cooking and drying apparatus. Claims. Cooking dryer for the production of large concentrates, containing a device for feeding soaked grain, a cooking and drying chambers with vibrating screens installed in them and a device for unloading the finished product. characterized in that, in order to improve the quality of the finished product and reduce the energy consumption of the installation, the upper and lower parts of the cooking and drying chambers are made in the form of diffusers, a mechanism for uniformly supplying the flow of heat carrier to the vibrating screens is fixed in each diffuser and a cone-shaped fairing placed in the center of the diffuser. 2. Installation under item 1, characterized in that, in order to control the processing time of the product, the vibrating screen is fixed with the ability to adjust the angle of inclination, frequency and amplitude of oscillations. Sources of information taken into account during the examination 1. USSR Author's Certificate No. 522844, cl. A 23 L 1/00, 1974.