SU947762A1 - Soil fractional composition determination plant - Google Patents

Description

(54 INSTALLATION FOR DETERMINATION OF FRACTIONAL COMPOSITION OF SOIL

The invention relates to an agricultural machinery industry, in particular for determining the fractional composition of the soil after the treatment with an agricultural machine. ;

A known apparatus for determining the degree of ground reduction, comprising a frame on which a rack with sieves having differently sized bottoms, an oscillating movement of a rack in a vibrating motion, a weighing device for determining the mass and a loading shovel ij, is installed.

The disadvantage of the installation is the intensity and low productivity.

The purpose of the invention is to increase labor productivity and reduce metal (installation capacity).

The goal is achieved by the fact that in a known installation the weighing device is made in the form of a pair of two-arm swing arms connected by a mass determination device and a screw mechanism, while one of the swing arms is connected to the frame by means of a screw mechanism, and the other with a rack, and each sieve is made with a folding bottom and its latch.:

The drawing shows schematically the proposed plant for determining the fractional composition of the soil.

The installation includes a frame 1 on which a rack 2 of the device for dividing the soil into fractions is mounted, a drive mechanism 3 for oscillating movement of the rack 2, a weighing device 4 and a loading mechanism for taking soil samples - a shovel 5.

Frame 1 is supported by two screw terminals.

15 helical wheels 6. The third point of support during operation is the tractor hitch (not Lokazana), and during storage the folding stand 7.

Rack 2 includes a frame 8 with a height of 20 blunt 9, suspended on rollers 10 on the frame 1 of the installation. On the frame 8 of the rack 2, there are sieves 11 with differently sized bottoms (in this case, four, but depending on how honest the measured fractions of the soil may be, they are more or less). The three upper sieves are made, respectively, from top to bottom with bottoms having cells with a diameter of 100, 50 and 25 mm.

Claims (2)

30 The bottom sieve is made with a solid bottom. The bottom of each sieve .11 can be opened and provided with a latch 12 preventing its inadvertent opening. The oscillatory movements of the rack receives from the shaft 13 of the tractor's power output through the gearbox 14 mounted on the frame 1 and the drive mechanism 3. The weighing device 4 includes a device 15 for determining the mass UO by a scale 16 for taking readings, connected by means of a hinged double-axle lever 17 with a rack 2. In the lever 17, grooves 18 are made, which during weighing are inserted protrusions 9 of frame 8 of the rack 2. The protrusion 9. is inserted into the grooves 18 by means of the SCREW mechanism 19, the end of which is connected to the frame 1 of the installation, and the other end by means of a hingedly mounted two-arm lever 20 - with a device for determining the mass 15. Spade 5 for taking soil samples by means of levers 21 is connected to the thrust 22 mounted on the frame 1 of the installation and is driven by the hydraulic cylinders 23 and 24 incorporated into the hydraulic system of the tractor. The hydraulic cylinder 23 is fixed on the frame 1 of the installation and connected to the thrust 22, and the hydraulic cylinder 24 is mounted on the t 22 and connected to the shovel 5 in its upper part. The levers 21 are made with extended slots 25., which include the fingers of 26 shovels attached to the latter in its lower part. The installation works as follows. When sampling the soil, the spade 5. By means of the hydraulic cylinders 23 is blasted to the required depth, and then when the hydraulic cylinder rod extends. 24 is filled with soil. During the extraction of the stock of the hydraulic cylinder 24, the shaft 26 slides in the grooves 25 of the chips 21, with the result that the shovel 5 moves parallel to the surface of the floor. Thus, the spade 5 is filled with soil, then with the help of hydraulic cylinders 23, the spade 5 rises above the grates 11 of the rack 2 and when the hydraulic cylinder rod 24 is pulled in, the soil is poured into the upper sieve 11 having a bottom with cells of 100 mm in diameter. At the same time, soil particles wake up through the bottom of the sieve bottom 11 cells and through the bottom sieve 11 cells if they pass through the latter. But the new soil mass still remains the upper sieve 11. After the spade 5 is released, the extraction shaft 13 is turned on, the tractor's power and, through the reducer 14 and the drive mechanism of the 3 steles, 2, oscillatory movements are reported. During the oscillatory movements of the rack, 2 large lumps of soil, not passing into cells with a diameter of 100 mm, remain in the upper sieve 11, and a lump of soil of smaller diameter fall into the lower sieves 11 and remain, respectively, in sieves with cells with a diameter of 50 and 25 mm and in bottom sieve with a solid bottom. After turning off the power take-off shaft 13, the pochv located in the sieves 11 is weighed. Soil weighting is carried out as follows. The screw mechanism 19, connected by means of a two-armed lever 20 to the device Is to determine the mass, is moved downwards. When the device 15 is moved downwards, the shoulder of the two shoulders lever 17 is connected to it. Since the lever 17 is hinged, then when the lever connected to the device is moved. 15, the shoulder with grooves 18 is moved upwards. When moving the shoulder with the grooves 18 up, the protrusions 9 located on the frame 8 of the rack 2 enter the grooves 18. With further movement of the shoulder with the grooves 18 up the shelf 2 rises and is suspended not on the rollers 10 but on the two shoulder lever 17 connected to device 15. Thus, the total weight of a stack of 2 s with soil through the lever 17 acts on the device for determining the mass 15, working for stretching. At the same time, the arrow on the scale 16 deviates and shows the weight of the rack 2 with the soil. Rack 2 rises until. the dynamometer needle will not stop completely. The readings on the scale are then taken. The weight of shelf 2 without soil is known and is a constant value. The total soil mass is calculated by subtracting the mass of the rack without soil from the mass of the rack with soil. The determination of the mass of the soil in each sieve 11 is carried out. in the following way. First, the latch 12 of the bottom sieve 11 opens, which holds the bottom. The bottom is sown under the weight of the soil and the soil is poured out of the sieve. In this case, the readings of the device 15 for determining the mass change (decrease). By deducing the readings obtained from the total mass of the sample, the mass in the lower sieve is determined 11. In a similar way, the mass of the sample in subsequent grids is determined. Thus, soil weighing in sieves is performed with decreasing total. After all operations have been performed to determine the fractional composition of the soil, the installation is moved to the transport position and transported to another site for the next soil sample. The proposed installation provides a faster determination of the fractional composition of the soil. In addition, folding the bottom ensures quick release of sieves from the soil. In addition, the proposed installation has less weight, less metal capacious and less cumbersome, simple in design, easy to operate. The invention of the Installation for determining the fractional composition of the soil, comprising a frame on which a rack with sieves having differently sized bottoms are mounted, a mechanism for driving the rack into an oscillating motion, weighing -АХ У / УХ / Х УУХ / -ХХ.-ХХ уУАУХХА-оУх: 626 a device with a device for determining the mass and loading shovel, characterized in that, in order to increase labor productivity and reduce the metal intensity of the installation, the weighing device is designed as a pair of two shoulders pivoting levers, interconnected by a device for determining the mass, and a screw mechanism, with one of the pivoting levers connected to the frame by means of a screw mechanism, and the other with a rack, each sieve being made with a folding bottom and a snap. Sources of information taken into account during the examination 1. USSR Author's Certificate No. 3-84069, cl. G 01 N 33/24, 1971 prototype).