SU944219A1 - Installation for producing ingots of composite materials - Google Patents

Abstract

1. An apparatus for producing ingots of composite materials, comprising a container equipped with a heater, a mold coupled to the container, and means for creating an electromagnetic field. -G-CL characterized in that, in order to reduce the size of the installation and improve the quality of the ingot, the means for creating the electromagnetic field are made of a solenoid enclosed in a ferromagnetic shield disposed in a coaxial crystallizer, while the vertical walls of the crystallizer are made of conductive material and the horizontal walls are made of dielectric or of weakly conductive material. 2. Installation in accordance with claim 1, 1 and 2, which means that the vertical g 9 walls of the mold are made (L of graphite.: O 4; (: QD.,. Л,.} / 7 boooooboo -r --ir ® / -ji / g

Description

The invention relates to metallurgy, to the production of ingots from composite materials - metals which are immiscible among themselves under the conditions of compensation of the effect of gravity by electromagnetic forces,

Such materials, for example, include compositions based on systems with a wide delamination area in the liquid state: aluminum - lead, zinc - lead, and a number of others, which are used as anti-fusion alloys, in electrical engineering, semiconductor technology, etc. d.

A known horizontal continuous casting plant for implementation, consisting of a heated tank for preparing the initial components melt, coupled to the crystallizer, and means for creating an electromagnetic field, which generates forces in the metal melt, leading to the unmolding of the melt components relative to each other, mentioning This means of creating an electromagnetic field consists of an electromagnet, between the poles of which the mold is placed, while the vector of magnetic induction field is directed transversely to the direction of movement of the ingot and electrodes in contact with the ingot so as to ensure the flow of electric current along the axis of the mold SP.

The disadvantage of this setup is the difficulty of obtaining a homogeneous distribution of the magnetic field. a large gap of the electromagnet, as a result of which the dimensions of the installation are quick to the size that make it difficult to interface the device with the existing technological lines, for example, the lines for the production of friction bearing alloy inserts from antifriction alloys.

The aim of the invention is to reduce the size of the installation and improve the quality of the ingots.

This goal is achieved due to the fact that the device for producing ingots of composite materials, containing a container with a heater, a mold, coupled to the container, and means for creating an electromagnetic field, are the last. contain enclosed in a ferromagnetic screen solenoid, located coaxially the mold, with

In this case, the vertical walls are crystallized from a conductive material and are electrodes, and the horizontal walls are

insulators or made of poorly conductive material

Fig. 1 is a diagram of an installation for producing ingots from composite materials, longitudinal section; FIG. 2 is a section A-A and FIG. 1,

The installation consists of a tank 1 for preparing a melt from alloy components heated by induction currents created by inductor 2, Capacity 1 is coupled through stopper 3 with crystallizer 4, coaxial to crystallizer 4, the solenoid 5 is located around it, made of water-cooled copper tube. The solenoid 5 is covered from the outside by a closed ferromagnetic screen 6, the ingot 7 leaving the mold 4 is cooled with water from a concentric

5 located nozzles 8 and enters the pull rolls 9; The vertical walls 10 of the mold 4 are made of copper and connected to an electric current source (not shown in the drawings). The horizontal walls 11 of the mold 4 are made of graphite and docked with the copper vertical walls 10 through the electrically insulating layer 12,

5 To start the installation into operation in tank 1, wash down the melt of the required alloy components and heat it. to the temperature of formation of a homogeneous solution, t, e, to a temperature exceeding the critical one according to the state diagram. Upon reaching a homogeneous melt composition, which is facilitated by mixing metal flows in the tank 1 from inductor 2, the stopper 3 opens and the melt enters the crystallizer 4. At the same time, the voltage is applied to the electrically conducting walls 10 and to the direction of the induction vector magnetic field and current density vector, as well as their values are chosen such that in the melt conditions of indifferent equilibrium of the alloy components are provided, t, e, the sum

5 density of volume forces, (force t rigid P and electromagnetic stitching p j X B) in each component was the same:

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P, g + JiB / g, JaB, where p is the density of the components; , - current density in

each of the components; g is the acceleration of free fall;

ё, Е electrical conductivity of components;

E is the electric field strength in the melt.

FIG. 2 shows the directions of the vectors 3, B, fg, while the direction of the vectors j or B and, therefore, fe may be reversed if necessary. As a result, the process of gravitational separation of components is prevented, uniform distribution is ensured

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Molding of the dispersed phase in the melt, Thu causes the ingot of a homogeneous structure.

With this technical solution, the dimensions of the device are significantly reduced, which allows it to more successfully match its existing technological: logical lines, while due to the greater homogeneity of the magnetic field of the solenoid compared to the field in the electromagnet gap, the quality of the composite material improves. ,

MAKHID is a verbal trademark registered at the Institute of Physics of the Academy of Sciences of the Latvian SSR. Based on the above, we ask you to assign the special name MAHID to the invention under consideration.

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Claims (2)

INSTALLATION OF MAHID FOR PRODUCTION, INGOTS FROM COMPOSITE MATERIALS 1. Installation for producing ingots from composite materials containing a container equipped with a heater, a mold coupled to the container, and means for creating an electromagnetic field, characterized in that, in order to reduce the dimensions of the installation and increase quality of the ingot, means for creating an electromagnetic field are made of a solenoid enclosed in a ferromagnetic screen located coaxially to the mold, while the vertical walls of the cr the analyzer is made of conductive material, and the horizontal walls are made of dielectric or of weakly conductive material. 2. Installation according to π. 1, characterized in that the vertical · * nye walls of the mold are made of graphite.