SU937206A1

SU937206A1 - Extruder for processing polymeric materials

Info

Publication number: SU937206A1
Application number: SU803223956A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Геннадий Михайлович Коваленко; Анатолий Александрович Волков; Римма Ильинична Белозерова; Вадим Григорьевич Ильин
Original assignee: Всесоюзный Научно-Исследовательский Институт Машин Для Производства Синтетических Волокон
Priority date: 1980-12-23
Filing date: 1980-12-23
Publication date: 1982-06-23

Description

(54) ЭКСТРУДЕР ДЛЯ ПЕРЕРАБОТКИ ПОЛИМЕРНЫХ МАТЕРИАЛОВ(54) EXTRUDER FOR PROCESSING POLYMER MATERIALS

Изобретение относитс к полимерному машиностроению, в частности дл регулировани температуры и давлени полимерной массы в конструкци х дисковых и черв чно-дисковых экструдеров дл переработки композиций на основе полимерных материалов .The invention relates to polymer engineering, in particular for controlling the temperature and pressure of the polymer mass in the structures of disk and screw-disk extruders for processing compositions based on polymeric materials.

Известен экструдер дл переработки полимерных материалов, содержащий корпус , экструзионную головку и дроссельное устройство 1 .A extruder for processing polymeric materials is known, comprising a housing, an extrusion head and a throttle device 1.

Недостатком экструдера вл етс сложное регулирование дросселирующего зазора и сложность монтажа дроссельного устройства .The disadvantage of the extruder is the complicated adjustment of the throttling gap and the difficulty of mounting the throttle device.

Наиболее близким к предлагаемому по технической сущности и достигаемому результату вл етс экструдер дл переработки полимерных материалов, содержащий корпус со шнеком, экструзионную головку и дроссельное устройство 2.The closest to the proposed technical essence and the achieved result is an extruder for the processing of polymeric materials, comprising a housing with a screw, an extrusion head and a throttle device 2.

Недостатком известного экструдера вл етс быстрый износ соприкасающихс поверхностей дросселирующей гильзы и корпуса, что приводит к утечке расплава полимера через образовавщийс при этомA disadvantage of the known extruder is the rapid wear of the contacting surfaces of the throttling sleeve and the housing, which leads to the leakage of the polymer melt through the resulting

зазор. Кроме того, дл перемещени дросселирующей гильзы, требуетс кинематически сложный привод, так как приходитс преодолевать усилие от давлени расплава на гильзу. К недостаткам следует отнести также затрудненный отбор расплава из-за перемещени экструзионной головки, а также то, что процесс регулировани при помощи продольного перемещени дросселирующей гильзы недостаточно эффективен, gap. In addition, a kinematically complex drive is required to move the throttling sleeve, since it is necessary to overcome the force from the pressure of the melt on the sleeve. The disadvantages include the difficult selection of the melt due to the movement of the extrusion head, and the fact that the adjustment process by means of the longitudinal movement of the throttling sleeve is not effective enough

10 поскольку .осуществл етс за счет увеличени длины дросселирующей зоны и не позвол ет интенсифицировать процесс переработки массы.10 because it is carried out by increasing the length of the throttling zone and does not allow to intensify the mass processing process.

Цель изобретени - интенсификаци 15 процесса переработки полимеров путем эффективного регулировани сопротивлени дроссельного устройства.The purpose of the invention is to intensify 15 the polymer processing process by effectively controlling the resistance of the choke device.

Поставленна цель достигаетс тем, что в экструдере дл переработки полимерных материалов, содержащем корпус со шнеком, The goal is achieved by the fact that in an extruder for processing polymeric materials, comprising a housing with a screw,

Claims

20 an extrusion head and a throttle device, the throttle device is made in the form of a series of sectors mounted at the end of a drive shaft concentrically placed inside the screw of the drive shaft with the possibility of radial movement by means of fingers fixed on the drive shaft and made on the end surfaces of the sectors of curvilinear grooves for placing projections made on the end surface of the screw. In addition, the curved grooves of the sectors are made through, and the auger projections located in them are made with holes. FIG. 1 shows an extruder, a longitudinal section; in fig. 2 shows section A-A in FIG. one; in fig. 3 shows a section BB in FIG. 1. The extruder comprises a housing 1 in which the screw 2 is located in the form of a screw or a screw with disks and a head 3. The throttle device is made in a series of sectors 4 mounted at the end concentrically located inside the screw 2 of the drive shaft 5. Sectors 4 are made with radial holes 6 in which fingers 7 are placed fixed on the drive shaft 5. Curved grooves 8 are made on the end surfaces of sectors 4 to accommodate high points 9 which are made on the end surface of the screw 2. Seal 10 serves to prevent polymer chutes through the gap between the screw 2 and the shaft 5. Curved grooves 8 can be made through, and the protrusions 9 of the screw 2 with holes. The operation of the extruder is carried out as follows. The temperature and pressure of the polymer mass in the extruder are controlled by changing the radial clearance between the extrusion head 3 and sectors 4. The radial clearance is changed by rotating the drive shaft 5 relative to the screw 2, while the fingers 7 fixed on the drive shaft 5 and placed in the radial gap holes 6 sectors 4, cause movement of the sectors 4 relative to the screw 2, and if there are sectors 4 curved grooves 8 on the end surface, in which the protrusions 9 placed on the end surface overhnosti screw 2, there is movement of the sectors 4 in the radial direction. Regulating the radial clearance, select the optimum pressure and temperature of the mass of the processed polymer. The use of the invention will allow to intensify the processing of polymeric materials due to more effective regulation of the resistance of the throttles, since regulation occurs by changing the radial gap, while the cross-sectional area is proportional to the square of the magnitude of the displacement of the sectors. In addition, the proposed device for changing the resistance of the throttles is more simply constructive, as it simplifies the sealing of the throttle device and avoids axial loads on the throttle device, Claim 1. An extruder for processing polymeric materials, comprising a housing with a screw, an extrusion head and a throttle device, characterized in that, in order to intensify the polymer processing process by effectively controlling the resistance of the throttle device, the throttle arrangement The design is made in the form of a series of sectors mounted on the end of a drive shaft concentrically placed inside the screw with the possibility of radial movement by means of fingers fixed on the drive shaft and made on the end surfaces of the sectors of curvilinear grooves to accommodate the projections on the end surface of the screw. 2. An extruder according to Claim 1, characterized in that, in order to prevent melt stagnation, the curved slots of the sectors are made through, and the auger projections located therein are made with holes. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1. US Patent No. 2972359, cl. 138-46, published. 1961.

2. The patent of Germany No. 2119136, cl. In 29 F 3/06, published. 1972 (prototype).