SU937019A2 - Separator for concentrating loose materials - Google Patents

Description

(54) SEPARATOR FOR ENRICHMENT OF BULK MATERIAL

one

 This invention relates to the beneficiation of minerals.

According to the main author. St. No. 351586 is a known separator for enriching bulk material, including a housing with a screw installed inside it, a filling neck, nozzles for supplying and discharging liquid and devices for unloading heavy and light fractions 1.

The disadvantage of this separator is the implementation of a screw working unit with a constant pinch, which determines the stability of hydrodynamic conditions and countercurrent transport of enrichment products along the length of the working zone, which is not consistent with the distribution of loads on the density of fractions along the axis of the separator. Thus, the design parameters of the auger do not allow an increase in the rate of evacuation of the fractions obtained from the loading zone; its adjustment is carried out mainly by changing the number of auger turns. All this reduces the separation efficiency of the material and the performance of the device.

In addition, the relatively small size of the unregulated feed inlet also limits the performance of the separator.

The aim of the invention is to increase the recovery of the valuable component and the performance of the separator.

5 The goal is achieved by the fact that the loading neck of the separator is equipped with adjustment gates, while its length is at least 1/3 of the body length, and the screw pitch in unloading zones

The light and heavy fractions Q are no more than 1/2 and 1/4 of the auger pitch in the loading zone, respectively.

The drawing shows the proposed device.

The separator for the enrichment of the bulk material includes a housing 1, a screw 2, a loading nozzle 3 with gates 4, nozzles 5-7 for supplying water and unloading the heavy and light fractions of the separated material, respectively.

The device works as follows

Claims (2)

20 The material to be enriched is fed into the working area through the loading nozzle 3 and is distributed by the gates 4 in the space bounded by the housing 1: by the screw 2. The main amount of separation medium is sent to the device through the nozzle 5. Light fractions of the material being separated are picked up by the helical flow of the separation medium and removed from the working area through the nozzle 7, the heavy fractions are lowered into the lower part of the body and transported in the opposite direction to the discharge pipe 6. When the material is enriched in the device, three main zones can be distinguished, which differ in kinematic features of separation and volume velocities of transport streams. The primary enrichment of the material is carried out in the central zone of the device, the zone of entry of the starting material, which is in contact with the transport streams of separating particles moving in opposite directions. In the peripheral zones, cleaning of the primary enrichment products takes place. In this case, the separation efficiency mainly depends on the hydrodynamic parameters of the separation medium in each zone and the inhibitory effect of the screw, determined, in particular, by its schagom. The methods for evacuating separable particles from the enrichment apparatus are different. The light fraction is transported by the flow of the separation medium, the speed of movement being proportional to the axial flow velocity. The heavy fraction is transported by the screw, and the speed of movement of the particles is mainly determined by the design parameters of the screw. Thus, the specific nature of the separation zones and the various methods of transporting the separated particles predetermine the selection of the pitch of the screw in each of the zones. The maximum screw pitch is set in the loading zone, where all the material to be divided goes, in order to eliminate the constrained movement conditions of the separation flow in the cleanup zones. In the area of cleaning the light fraction, the screw pitch is reduced by 2 times as compared with the loading zone, since only part of the basic material, mainly light fractions, is sent here, and the speed of cleaning operations should be lower. In the area of cleaning the heavy fraction in order to improve its quality, the number of cleaning is increased by decreasing the pitch of the screw 4 times as compared with the loading zone. The implementation of the loading nozzle in the form of an extended rectangular box installed in the middle part of the device and occupying approximately one third of its length will allow a significant increase in the productivity of the apparatus and intensify the process. The dimensions of the loading nozzle are chosen so that the starting material entering the space bounded by the casing wall, the screw turns and the shaft surface is dispersed in the working area with the maximum possible speed, without creating constrained conditions for the movement of the product transport flows and their effective separation into central part of the device. The adjustment gates installed in the loading nozzle allow, without decreasing productivity, to redistribute and distribute the source material in accordance with the qualitative and quantitative composition of the latter. The invention of the separator for the enrichment of bulk material according to ed. St. No. 351586, characterized in that, in order to increase the extraction of the valuable component and the separator performance, the feed neck is equipped with adjusting slides, its length being at least 1/3 of the body length, and the screw pitch in the discharge zones of the light and heavy fractions Em, respectively, no more than 1/2 and 1/4 of the screw pitch in the loading zone. Sources of information taken into account during the examination 1. USSR Author's Certificate No. 351586, cl. B 03 B 5/62, 1970.