SU936223A1

SU936223A1 - Device for remote control of electric machine converter

Info

Publication number: SU936223A1
Application number: SU802995541A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Рудольф Иванович Кондрашев
Original assignee: За витель
Priority date: 1980-09-08
Filing date: 1980-09-08
Publication date: 1982-06-15

Description

Изобретение относится к электротехнике й может быть использовано в устройствах для питания электроинструмента от электромашинних преобразователей переменного тока, а также от статических, например, трансформаторов. Известны устройства, предназначенные для ограничения холостой работы преобразователей переменного тока, например сварочного трансформатора. Эти устройства имеют тепловое реле, маломощный трансформатор, двухобмоточное реле и схему управления с магнитным пускателем. Назначение этих элементов - автоматически, дистанционно включать (выключать) сварочный трансформатор без применения дополнительных проводов на управление [1].The invention relates to electrical engineering and can be used in devices for powering a power tool from electric machine AC converters, as well as from static, for example, transformers. Known devices designed to limit the idle operation of AC converters, such as a welding transformer. These devices have a thermal relay, a low-power transformer, a double winding relay and a control circuit with a magnetic starter. The purpose of these elements is to automatically, remotely turn on (turn off) the welding transformer without using additional wires for control [1].

Недостатком указанных устройств является невысокий уровень надежности и сложность схемы управления.The disadvantage of these devices is the low level of reliability and complexity of the control circuit.

Наиболее близким к изобретению по технической сущности является устройство для дистанционного управления электромашинным преобразователем, содержащее магнитный пускатель, последовательно включенный в обмотку понижающего трансформатора, токовое реле, включенное в линию питания инструмента, второго магнит15 ного пускателя, включенного последовательно' через замыкающий контакт токового .реле и параллельно обмотке понижающего трансформатора. Силовая линия такого устройства, идущая от генератора к инструменту, разрывается контактом второго магнитного пускателя [2] .Closest to the invention in technical essence is a device for remote control of an electric machine converter, comprising a magnetic starter connected in series to the winding of a step-down transformer, a current relay connected to the power supply line of the tool, a second magnetic starter connected in series through the closing contact of the current relay and parallel to the winding of the step-down transformer. The power line of such a device, going from the generator to the tool, is broken by the contact of the second magnetic starter [2].

Однако в линии могут возникнуть токи значительной величины при подключении большого количества инструмента, это потребует увеличения мощности второго магнитного пускателя и понижающего трансформатора, что приведет к дополнительному расходу электроэнергии. Токовое реле, включенное последовательно в одну фазу линии, обладающее индуктивным сопротивлением, создает в линии перекос фаз, что отрицательно влияет на работу электроинструмента. В схеме устройства нет электрической блокировки понижающего трансформатора с высокой стороны от случайного пробоя изоляции и попадания высокого напряжения в линию при работе с электроинструментом, что небезопасно для рабочего. Кроме того, работа трансформатора во время работы преобразователя - это дополнительный расход электроэнергии.However, currents of significant magnitude can occur in the line when connecting a large number of tools, this will require an increase in the power of the second magnetic starter and a step-down transformer, which will lead to additional energy consumption. The current relay, connected in series in one phase of the line, having inductive resistance, creates a phase imbalance in the line, which negatively affects the operation of the power tool. In the circuit of the device there is no electrical blocking of the step-down transformer on the high side from accidental breakdown of insulation and the ingress of high voltage into the line when working with a power tool, which is unsafe for the worker. In addition, the operation of the transformer during the operation of the converter is an additional energy consumption.

Цель изобретения - повышение надежности, экономичности и электробеэопасности устройства.The purpose of the invention is to increase the reliability, efficiency and electrical safety of the device.

Указанная цель достигается тем, что в устройство для дистанционного управления элёктромашинным преобра- 5 эователем, содержащее магнитный пускатель, три замыкающие контакта которого включены между клеммами для подключения двигателя электромашинного преобразователя и клемами для ю подключения трехфазной питающей линии, понижающий трансформатор, один из выводов первичной обмотки которого соединен с одной из клемм для подключения трехфазной питающей линии, введены трансформатор тока, два промежуточных реле с замыкающими и размыкающими контактами, два диода и резистор, магнитный пуска тель с четырьмя замыкающими -контактами И двумя размыкающими контактами, другой вывод первичной обмотки понижающего трансформатора через один из замыкающих контактов магнитного пускателя соединен с другой клеммой для подключения трехфазной питающей линии, обмотка магнитного пускателя через одни из замыкающих контактов одного из промежуточных реле соединена с одной и непосредственно с другой клеммами для подклю чения трехфазной питающей линии, одни из выводов вторичной обмотки понижающего трансформатора через после довательно соединенные резистор и один из размыкающих контактов одного промежуточного реле соединен с одной из клемм для подключения генератора электромашииного преобразователя, другая клемма для подключения которого соединена с другим выводом вто- 40 ричной обмотки понижающего трансформатора, обмотка одного промежуточного реле через последовательно соединенные другой размыкающий контакт магнитного пускателя, размыкающий .45 контакт другого промежуточного реле и одни из диодов подключена к вторичной обмотке понижающего трансформатора, размыкающий контакт другого промежуточного реле зашунтирован другим замыкающим контактом первого промежуточного реле, один из выводов вторичной обмотки трансформатора тока соединен через диод с одним из выводов .обмотки другого промежуточного реле и через дополнительный замыкающий контакт магнитного пускателя с другим выводом вторичной обмотки понижающего трансформатора, другой вывод вторичной обмотки трансформатора тока подключен через параллельно соединенные замыкающий контакт другого промежуточного реле и другой' размыкающий контакт одного промежуточного реле к другому выводу обмотки другого промежуточного реле и к точке соединения другого размыкающего контакта магнитного пускателя и размыкающего контакта другого промежуточного реле, первичная обмотка трансформатора тока включена между одной клеммой для подключения генератора электромашинного преобразователя и клеммой для подключения силового провода, питающего нагрузку.This goal is achieved by the fact that in a device for remote control of an electronic machine converter containing a magnetic starter, three make contacts of which are connected between the terminals for connecting the engine of the electric machine converter and the terminals for connecting a three-phase supply line, a step-down transformer, one of the terminals of the primary winding which is connected to one of the terminals for connecting a three-phase supply line, a current transformer, two intermediate relays with closing and opening contacts, two diodes and a resistor, a magnetic starter with four NO contacts and two NO contacts, the other terminal of the primary winding of the step-down transformer through one of the NO contacts of the magnetic starter is connected to another terminal for connecting a three-phase supply line, the winding of the magnetic starter through one of the NO the contacts of one of the intermediate relays are connected to one and directly to the other terminals for connecting a three-phase supply line, one of the terminals of the secondary winding is lower through a series-connected resistor and one of the NC contacts of one intermediate relay is connected to one of the terminals for connecting the generator of the electromachine converter, the other terminal for connecting to which is connected to the other terminal of the secondary winding of the step-down transformer, the winding of one intermediate relay through series-connected another NC contact of the magnetic starter, NC .45 contact of another intermediate relay and one of the diodes is connected to the secondary the lower winding of the step-down transformer, the NC contact of the other intermediate relay is shunted by another NO contact of the first intermediate relay, one of the terminals of the secondary winding of the current transformer is connected through a diode to one of the terminals of the winding of the other intermediate relay and through an additional NO contact of the magnetic starter with the other terminal of the secondary winding of the lower transformer, the other terminal of the secondary winding of the current transformer is connected through a parallel-connected make contact of another between an intermediate relay and another 'opening contact of one intermediate relay to another terminal of the winding of another intermediate relay and to the connection point of the other opening contact of the magnetic starter and the opening contact of another intermediate relay, the primary winding of the current transformer is connected between one terminal for connecting the generator of the machine converter and a terminal for connecting power wire supplying the load.

На чертеже представлена принципиальная схема предлагаемого устройства .The drawing shows a schematic diagram of the proposed device.

Устройство содержит автоматический выключатель 1, понижающий трансформатор 2, магнитный пускатель 3 с контактами 4-7, промежуточное реле 8 с контактами 9-12, трансформатор тока 13, промежуточное реле 14 с контактами 15 и 16, диоды 17 и 18, конденсаторы 19 и 20, резисторы 21, предохранители 22, провода линии питания 23, 124 и 25, розетки 26-28 для подключения электроинструмента 29 с ключом управления 30, преобразователь 31 с двигателем 32 и генератором 33.The device contains a circuit breaker 1, a step-down transformer 2, a magnetic starter 3 with contacts 4-7, an intermediate relay 8 with contacts 9-12, a current transformer 13, an intermediate relay 14 with contacts 15 and 16, diodes 17 and 18, capacitors 19 and 20 , resistors 21, fuses 22, power line wires 23, 124 and 25, sockets 26-28 for connecting a power tool 29 with a control key 30, a converter 31 with an engine 32 and a generator 33.

Устройство работает следующим образом.The device operates as follows.

Включение устройства в работу осуществляется автоматическим выключателем 1.’ При отсутствии включенного электроинструмента магнитный пускатель 3 обесточен, его контакты 4 разомкнуты, преобразователь 31 отключен. Понижающий трансформатор 2 включен через раз№1кающий контакт магнитного пускателя 6. Последовательно через размыкающий контакт 12, обмотку'· генератора, первичную обмотку трансформатора тока 13, линейный провод 23, вторичную обмотку трансформатора 2 подключен нагрузочный резистор малой мощности 21. Во вторичной цепи трансформатора тока 13 через размыкающий контакт 10, катушку реле 14, диод 18 проходит ток, реле 14 включается. При включении ключа 30 включается электроинструмент 29 и ток, идущий через обмотки генератора и двигателя электроинструмента 29, равномерно распределяется по линейным проводам 23, 24 и 25, в результате чего ток во вторичной цепи трансформатора 13 резко падает и реле 14 отключается, размыкающим контактом 1? включает реле 8, а замыкающим контактом 16 разрывает цепь самопитания, которое замыкающим контактом 11 включает магнитный пускатель 3, а размыкающим контактом 12 отключает нагрузочный резистор 21,от выхода генератора 33. При этом замыкающим контактом 9 реле 8 подключается ко вторичной обмотке трансформатора тока 13. Включенный магнитный пускатель 3 замыкающими контактами 4 включает двигатель 32 и генератор 33 приходит в движение и начинает вырабатывать ток. Магнит ный пускатель 3 замыкающим контактом 7 подготавливает цепь для питания ¹реле 8 рт трансформатора тока 13, а размыкающимся контактом 5 отключает реле 8 от понижающего трансформатораThe device is turned on by a circuit breaker 1. ' If the power tool is not turned on, the magnetic starter 3 is de-energized, its contacts 4 are open, and the converter 31 is disconnected. The step-down transformer 2 is connected through the disconnecting contact of the magnetic starter 6. In series through the opening contact 12, the generator’s winding, the primary winding of the current transformer 13, the line wire 23, the secondary winding of the transformer 2 is connected a small load resistor 21. In the secondary circuit of the current transformer 13 through the opening contact 10, the relay coil 14, the diode 18 current flows, the relay 14 is turned on. When the key 30 is turned on, the power tool 29 is turned on and the current flowing through the windings of the generator and the engine of the power tool 29 is evenly distributed along the linear wires 23, 24 and 25, as a result of which the current in the secondary circuit of the transformer 13 drops sharply and the relay 14 is disconnected by opening contact 1? turns on the relay 8, and by the closing contact 16 it breaks the self-feeding circuit, which by the closing contact 11 turns on the magnetic starter 3, and by the opening contact 12 disconnects the load resistor 21 from the output of the generator 33. In this case, by the closing contact 9 the relay 8 is connected to the secondary winding of the current transformer 13. The included magnetic starter 3 by making contact 4 includes the motor 32 and the generator 33 is set in motion and begins to generate current. Magnetic starter 3 by making contact 7 prepares the circuit for powering ¹ relay 8 rt of current transformer 13, and opening contact 5 disconnects relay 8 from the step-down transformer

2. После срабатывания магнитного пускателя и до момента включения электромашинного преобразователя реле 8 остается включенным за счет тока разряда конденсатора 19. Размыкающим контактом 6 магнитный пускатель 3 отключает понижающий трансформатор 2 во время работы преобразователя 31. Одновременно от преобразователя может быть запитано несколько нагрузок по числу имеющихся розеток и согласно мощности преобразователя. Преобразователь включается при наличии хотя бы одного потребителя. После отключения последнего потребителя разрывается цепь трансформатора тока 13, реле 8 отключается, размыкается его контакт 11, пускатель 3 отключается и размыкающим контактом 6 включает маломощный трансформатор 2, замыкающим контактом 7 отключает реле 8 от линии! размыкающим контактом 5 подготавливает цепь питания реле 8 для следующего цикла работы, а размыкающим контактом 12 включает нагрузочное сопротивление 21, в линию вновь течет ток и по цепи - вторичная обмотка трансформатора 13, размыкающий контакт 10, катушка и диод 18 включается реле 14, которое размыкающим контактом 15 блокирует включение реле 8, а замыкающим контактом 16 становится на самопитание. ' Схема находится в исходном положении и подготовлена для следующего цикла работы.2. After the magnetic starter is activated and until the electric machine converter is turned on, the relay 8 remains switched on due to the discharge current of the capacitor 19. The opening contact 6 of the magnetic starter 3 disconnects the step-down transformer 2 during operation of the converter 31. Several loads can be powered from the converter at the same time according to the number of available sockets and according to the power of the converter. The converter is switched on if there is at least one consumer. After the last consumer is disconnected, the current transformer 13 circuit is opened, relay 8 is disconnected, its contact 11 is opened, starter 3 is turned off and by opening contact 6 it turns on low-power transformer 2, by closing contact 7 it disconnects relay 8 from the line! NC 5 prepares the power supply circuit of relay 8 for the next cycle of operation, and NC 12 connects the load resistance 21, current flows again into the line and the secondary winding of the transformer 13 flows, NC 10, the coil and diode 18 turns on relay 14, which contact 15 blocks the inclusion of relay 8, and the making contact 16 becomes self-feeding. '' The circuit is in the starting position and prepared for the next cycle of work.

Таким образом, замена второго маг-40 нитного пускателя двумя коммутационными реле, а токового, реле - трансформатором тока удешевляет конструкцию предлагаемого устройства и позволяет расширить диапазон применения его по мощности преобразователя. Включение в тельных контактов делает устройство тробезопасным при инструментом.Thus, the replacement of the second magnetic starter with two switching relays, and the current relay with a current transformer reduces the cost of the design of the proposed device and allows you to expand its range of application in terms of power converter. The inclusion of solid contacts makes the device intrinsically safe with the tool.

Claims

An inventive design is an increase in the power, efficiency, and electrical safety of the device. This goal is achieved by the fact that a device for remote control of an electric machine converter contains a magnetic actuator, three closing contacts of which are connected between the terminals for connecting an electric motor and a terminal for connecting a three-phase power line, ps5 is a low-power transformer, one of the terminals of the primary winding of which with one of the terminals for the connection of a three-phase power supply. NII, a current transformer, two intermediate relays with closing and opening by their contacts, two diodes and a resistor, a magnetic starter with four closing-contacts And two break contacts, the other output of the primary winding of the step-down transformer is connected to the other terminal to connect a three-phase supply line, the magnetic starter through one of the closing contacts of the magnetic starter through one of the closing contacts of one of the intermediate relays is connected to one and directly to the other terminals for connecting a three-phase supply line, one of the terminals of the secondary winding connecting transformer through series-connected resistor and one of the break contacts of one intermediate relay connected to one of the generator of an electric converter converter, the other terminal for connecting connected to another output of the secondary winding of a step-down transformer, winding one intermediate relay through series connected another opener contact magnetic starter, opener contact of another intermediate relay and one of the diodes f addc) to the secondary winding a lowering transformer, the opening contact of another intermediate relay is shunted by another closing contact of the first intermediate relay, one of the terminals of the secondary winding of the current transformer is connected via a diode to one of the terminals of the other winding relay and through an additional closing contact of the magnetic start of the bodies with another output of the secondary winding step-down transformer, another output of the secondary winding of the current transformer is connected through a parallel connected closure to another 1O between weft relay and DRU1-OY disconnecting contact of one intermediate relay to another winding terminal of another intermediate relay and to the junction point of another disconnecting contact of the magnetic starter and disconnecting contact of another intermediate relay, the primary winding of the current transformer is connected between one terminal for connecting a generator of a motor-converter and a terminal to connect the power wire supplying the load. The drawing shows a schematic diagram of the proposed device. The device contains a circuit breaker 1, a step-down transformer 2, a magnetic starter 3 with contacts 4-7, intermediate relay 8 with contacts 9-12, current transformer 13, intermediate relay 14 with contacts 15 and 16, diodes 17 and 18, capacitors 19 and 20 , resistors 21, fuses 22, power line wires 23, 24 and 25, sockets 26-28 for connecting power tools 29 with a control key 30, converter 31 with an engine 32 and a generator 33. The device operates as follows. The device is turned on by the circuit breaker 1. In the absence of a power tool, the magnetic starter 3 is de-energized, its contacts 4 are open, the converter 31 is disconnected. The lower transformer 2 is connected through the disconnecting contact of the magnetic actuator 6. Sequentially through the opening contact 12, the generator winding, the primary winding of the current transformer 13, the line wire 23, the secondary winding of the transformer 2 is connected to a low-power load resistor 21. In the secondary circuit of the current transformer 13 through the opening contact 10, the relay coil 14, the diode 18 is flowing, the relay 14 is turned on. When the switch 30 is turned on, the power tool 29 is turned on and the current flowing through the generator and engine windings of the power tool 29 is evenly distributed along the line wires 23, 24 and 25 / as a result of which the current in the secondary circuit of the transformer 13 drops sharply and the relay 14 turns off, opening contact l5 turns on the relay 8, and closing contact 16 breaks the self-feeding circuit, which closing contact 11 turns on the magnetic starter 3, and opening the contact resistor 21 from the generator output 33 disconnects the contact resistor 21. 9 act relay 8 is connected to the secondary winding of the current transformer 13. The magnetic switch 3 included make contact 4 includes a motor 32 and the generator 33 starts to move and begins to generate current. Magnetic starter 3 for contacting contact 7 prepares the circuit for supplying relay 8 of the current transformer 13, and disconnecting contact 5 disconnects relay 8 from the step-down transformer 2. After the magnetic actuator operates and until the moment of turning on the motor-converter converter, the relay 8 remains switched on by the discharge current of the capacitor 19. By opening the KOHTcucTOM 6, the magnetic starter 3 turns off the lowering transformer 2 during the operation of the converter 31. Simultaneously, several loads can be supplied from the converter available sockets and according to the power of the converter. The converter is switched on if there is at least one consumer. After the last consumer has been disconnected, the current transformer 13 is disconnected, the relay 8 is disconnected, its contact 11 is disconnected, the actuator 3 is disconnected and the contact B opens the low-power transformer 2, closing contact 7 disconnects the relay 8 from the line j and opens the supply circuit 5 for relay 8 for the next cycle of operation, and the disconnecting contact 12 turns on the load resistance 21, current flows into the line again and the circuit leads to the secondary winding of the transformer 13, the break contact 10, the coil and the diode 18 turn on p A barely 14, which opens the contact 15 blocks the inclusion of the relay 8, and the closing contact 16 becomes self-powered. The circuit is in the initial position prepared for the next cycle of a slave. Thus, replacing the second magnetic starter with two switching relays, and the current one with a current transformer reduces the cost of the proposed device and allows expanding the range of its use in converter power. The inclusion of additional electrical interlocking in the circuit makes the device economical and electrically safe when working with power tools. The invention is a device for remote control of an electric machine converter, containing a magnetic starter, three closing contacts of which are connected between terminals for connecting an electric motor of a converter machine and terminals for connecting a three-phase supply line, a downstream transformer. One of the terminals of the primary winding of which is connected to one of the terminals for connecting a three-phase supply line, characterized in that, in order to increase reliability, efficiency and electrical safety, a current transformer is inserted into it, two intermediate relays with closing and disconnecting terminals, two diodes and a resistor , a magnetic starter with four closing contacts and two opening contacts, another output of the primary winding of a lower-voltage transformer through one of the closing contacts of the magnetic actuator is connected to d corner terminal for connecting a three-phase supply line, the magnetic starter winding through one of the closing contacts of one of the intermediate relays is connected to one and directly to the other terminals to connect the three-phase supply line, one of the terminals of the secondary winding of the step-down transformer through serially connected resistor and one of the break contacts one intermediate relay is connected to one of the terminals for connecting the generator of the electroscopic converter; the other one is the 1 lemma for connecting is connected to another output of the secondary winding of a step-down transformer, the winding of one intermediate relay is connected through another disconnecting contact of a magnetic starter, the disconnecting contact of another intermediate relay and one of the diodes connected to the secondary winding of a lowering transformer, the disconnecting contact of another intermediate relay is bounded by another closing contact of the first relay a relay, one of the terminals of the secondary winding of a current transformer is connected via a diode to one of the terminals the coils of another intermediate relay and through the additional closing contact of the magnetic actuator with another output of the secondary winding of the transformer underside, the other output of the secondary winding of the current transformer is connected via parallel connected closing contact of another intermediate relay and another disconnecting contact of one intermediate relay to another output of the winding of another intermediate relay and to the junction point of the other opening contact of the magnetic starters and the opening contact of another intermediate of the relay, the primary winding of the current transformer is connected between a terminal for connecting a dynamoelectric generator and transducer terminal for connecting power wires, the supply load. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1. Authors' certificate of the USSR M 350607, cl. At 23 K 9/10, 196V.

2. Authors certificate of the USSR 674151, cl. H 02 J 13/00, 1U78.

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