SU930098A1 - Device for determination of ferromagnetic material physical mechanical characteristic - Google Patents

Description

I

The invention is based on instrumentation technology and can be used to assess the stress state of products made from ferromagnetic materials, as well as to determine the crystallographic texture.

A device for determining the physicomechanical properties of ferromagnetic materials is known, which consists of a DC electromagnet, transducers and a measuring circuit for measuring the stray field on the surface of the material under test 1}.

The disadvantage of a new device is the need for powerful power sources to operate the device. In addition, there are significant errors due to the presence of mechanical contacts in electrical circuits (collector rings and brushes) in the magnetizing and measuring windings (sparking, change in resistance between these contacts due to contact vibrations), which limits their practical application.

The closest in technical essence to the invention is a device for

determination of the physicomechanical properties of ferromagnetic materials, comprising a body, an elastic element, a permanent magnet, two arrow pointers and a scale 2}.

A disadvantage of the known device is the need to produce special disc samples for research, which limits the practical application of the known device and does not allow its use for estimating stress

10 states and degrees of crystallographic texture in real products without their destruction.

The purpose of the invention is to expand the range of controlled materials.

15

Claims (2)

The goal is achieved by the fact that the device is equipped with a rod supported on the bottom of the body and installed rotatably about the longitudinal axis, the elastic element is designed as a spiral spring, the end of which is fixed to the rod, the button is placed on the case in the plane, perpendicular to the rod, one of the arrow; pointers are fixed at the free end 393 of the spiral spring, the second one is fixed, the magnet is rod-shaped and fixed perpendicular to the axis of the rod near the support. In addition, the device is provided with a nozzle of a non-ferromagnetic material intended to change the distance between the bottom of the housing and the surface of the ferromagnetic material. FIG. 1 shows a general view of the device in FIG. 2 - the same, top view. The device consists of a housing 1, the lateral surface of which is made of a magnetically soft material shielding the Earth and extraneous scattering fields installed in the housing of the rod 2 supported by the diode housing with a fixed rod magnet 3 fixed to it, a coil spring 4 connected its inner end with the rod 2, and the outer with a pointer pointer 5, freely mounted on the rod 2. The second pointer 6 is rigidly connected to the rod 2. Circular ipsala 7, fixed to the housing 1, the Nozzle 8 is made and non-ferromagnetic material shaped side surface of the housing 1, slidably along the side surface generatrix of the body 1 and is designed to vary the distance between the housing bottom and the surface material (not shown). The device works as follows. The device is installed nozzle 8 and the surface of the controlled material. If there is magnetic anisotropy in the material due to mechanical stresses or a crystallographic texture, the permanent magnet 3 fixed on the rod 2 will be set (due to the mechanical moment when the permanent magnet vector does not coincide with the direction of the easy magnetization of the controlled product ), that its direction of magnetization coincides with the direction of easy magnetization of the controlled material, i.e. permanent magnet 3 will take such a position that its magnetic energy is minimal. Together with the permanent magnet, the rod 2 and the arrow indicator 6 fixed to the non-rigidly turn and the arrow pointer 5 through the spiral spring 4. As a result, the indicators S and 6 are mounted along the direction of easy magnetization to the product being controlled. In order to quantify the degree of magnetic anisotropes, and consequently, the magnitudes of mechanical stresses or creneim crystallographic texture, turn the housing 1 and SHKSh1U 7 rigidly connected with it so that the zero division and 7 and 1 and 6 direction are followed. the pointer 5 winds up the coil spring 4. together, thereby, the torque of the rod 2, which rotates it and the fixed post 3. associated with it from the position of its equilibrium. Pointer 5 is twisted until it reaches a predetermined angle of rotation of pointer 6, rigidly connected with rod 2, and about a degree of magnetic anisotropy is judged at this moment according to indication of pointer 5 and on scale 7. In order to maintain optimum sensitivity of the device, when measuring materials with different magnetic properties, they change the distance between the bottom of the housing, and therefore, the permanent magnet 3 and the end face of the nozzle 8. The device is calibrated against test samples made of the material under study from egg magnitude of magnetic anisotropy. In particular, to estimate mechanical stresses, the device is calibrated to isotropic samples by uniaxial loading in the elastic region of the material under study. When determining the degree of crystallographic texture on the control samples with a certain type and degree of its perfection. The use of the invention allows an assessment of the stress state or the degree of crystallographic texture in real products without destroying them. The device does not require power sources, which greatly simplifies its practical use. A formula of retename and 1. A device for determining the physicomechanical properties of ferromagnetic materials, comprising a body that is elastic: a element, a permanent magnet, two dial gauges, and a scale, characterized in that, in order to extend the range of controlled materials, it provided with a rod supported on the bottom of the case and mounted pivotally about the longitudinal axis, the elastic element is designed as a spiral spring, one end of which is fixed on the rod, the scale is placed on the case in a plane, perpendicular to a rod, one of the switches pointers fixed to the free end of the coil spring, the second - on the rod and the magnet rod is formed and fixed axis perpendicular to the rod close to the support. 2. The device according to claim 1, of which the UI of it is so that it is provided with a nozzle of nsferromagnetic material intended