SU928395A2

SU928395A2 - Star globe

Info

Publication number: SU928395A2
Application number: SU802974961A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Леонид Андреевич Сугоняев
Original assignee: Мурманское высшее инженерное морское училище им.Ленинского комсомола
Priority date: 1980-08-14
Filing date: 1980-08-14
Publication date: 1982-05-15

Description

(5) ЗВЕЗДНЫЙ ГЛОБУС(5) STAR GLOBE

II

Изобретение относитс к судовождению и может примен тьс в мореходной астрономии и навигации, а также может использоватьс дл учебных целей как лабораторна установка.The invention relates to navigation and can be used in nautical astronomy and navigation, and can also be used for educational purposes as a laboratory setup.

По основному авт. св. Н 537376 известно устройство, включающее звездный глобус со съемной :/рестовиной вертикалов, пересечение которых дает точку зенита наблюдател , и с горизонтальным кольцом, изображающим истинный горизонт, причем вертикалы и горизонтальное кольцо проградуированы р.According to the main author. St. H 537376 a device is known that includes a stellar globe with a removable: / restaurant line of verticals, the intersection of which gives the observer the zenith point, and with a horizontal ring depicting the true horizon, and the verticals and the horizontal ring are scaled by p.

Однако известное устройство не дает возможности определени азимута восхода и захода навигационного спутника .However, the known device does not allow determination of the azimuth of the rising and setting of the navigation satellite.

Целью изобретени вл етс определение границ зоны видимости наблюдател и измерение геоцентрической высоты спутника в момент траверза.The aim of the invention is to determine the boundaries of the observer's visibility zone and measure the geocentric height of the satellite at the time of traverse.

Поставленна цель достигаетс тем, что звездный глобус снабжен кольцом.The goal is achieved by the fact that the star globe is provided with a ring.

жестко соединенным с вертикалами, причем центр кольца расположен на отвесной линии, проход щей через точку зенита, а сферические рассто ни от точки зенита до точек соединени кольцу с вертикалами одинаковы.rigidly connected to verticals, with the center of the ring located on a plumb line passing through the zenith point, and the spherical distances from the zenith point to the connecting points of the ring with verticals are the same.

На чертеже изображена схема уст роиства определени азимута восхода и захода навигационного спутника, The drawing shows a scheme for determining the azimuth of the rising and setting of a navigation satellite,

10 вид с точки зенита.10 view from the zenith point.

Звездный глобус 1 снабжен крестовиной вертикалов 2 с точкой 3 их пересечений , вл ющейс точкой зенита наблюдател , и горизонтальным кольцом Star Globe 1 is provided with a cross-piece of verticals 2 with a point 3 of their intersections, which is the observer's zenith point, and a horizontal ring

IS t, причем вертикалы и кольцо проградуированы . Кольцо 5 жестко соединено с вертикалами в точках 6; причем центр кольца совпадает с отвесной линией, проход щей через точку 3 зенит наблюдател . Сферические рассто ни от точки 3 до точек 6 равны.IS t, with verticals and ring graduated. Ring 5 is rigidly connected to verticals at points 6; moreover, the center of the ring coincides with the plumb line passing through point 3 of the observer's zenith. The spherical distances from point 3 to point 6 are equal.

Claims

The device works (in the following way. 392 Globe 1 is projected onto a satellite orbit projection. For this purpose, elements of the orbit are used: direct ascent of the ascending node () and inclination of the orbit Xi). These data, for example, for M; can be obtained with the help of the ship's satellite receiver FSN - 20. Then the stellar globe is installed at the observer site and at the observation moment issued by the ship receiver. Then the intersection points of the projection of the orbit, plotted on the sphere of the globe, with ring 5 will give the points of rise and approach of the navigation satellite. The sunrise point is located above the ascending node in the northern hemisphere, and in the southern - above the descending node. The approach is vertical 2 to the points of sunrise and sunset, and the azimuths of sunrise and sunset navigation satellite are taken on the horizontal ring. The half-sum of azimuths obtained in a circular counting gives the direction of the average, which corresponds to the azimuth of the satellite at the moment of the traverse of the observer. By setting the vertical 2 to the average azimuth, it is possible to determine the geocentric height at the time of the traverse. It is equal to the arc of vertical 2 from the horizontal ring to the projection of the orbit plotted on the globe. Knowing geocentric height, it is possible to calculate topocentric according to well-known astronomy formulas. Ring 5 is made of rigid bar material with a diameter of 1 mm. The size of the ring is determined by the size of the stellar globe model. The diameter of the ring is equal to the distance between the opposite points of J & one vertical 2 whose position is determined by the magnitude of the spherical radius (g) determining the size of the observer's visibility zone. The value is equal to the spherical distance between points 3 and 6, is determined by the formula Assso / where R is the average radius of the earth; H is the average flight altitude of the navigation satellite. Then the diameter of the ring 5 can be calculated by the formula 1 2a61Ig, where a is the radius of curvature of the inner part of vertical 2; d is the spherical radius defined by the formula (1). The invention can be used in all types of vessels, and its use is not associated with large financial costs. The formula of the invention of the Star Globe on ABT, St. No. 537376, characterized in that, in order to define the boundaries of the observer's area of view and measure the geocentric height of the satellite at the moment of traverse, it is equipped with a ring rigidly connected to verticals, with the center of the ring located on a plumb line passing through the zenith point and spherical distances Neither from the zenith point to the points of connection of the ring with verticals are the same Sources of information taken into account during the examination 1. USSR Author's Certificate No. 537376, cl. G 09 B 27/06, 4.10.7.