SU927293A1 - Reactor - Google Patents

Description

(5th) REACTOR

This invention relates to chemical engineering, primarily to reactors for the catalytic oxidation of nitrogen to nitrogen dioxide. Apparatuses for the catalytic oxidation of nitrogen are known; the formation of nitrogen oxides is ideal in them at temperatures up to 900 ° C, pressures up to 100 atm, in the presence of a platinum catalyst, such as a platinum mesh, installed in the flange connector at the top and bottom of the reactor. Such a platinum grid after 3 weeks is poisoned with catalytic dami and requires replacing the grid by replacing the grid, it is necessary to stop the reactor, cool to normal temperature, relieve pressure, raise the upper part of the reactor, replace the grid, assemble and reinstall the reactor l. A reactor is known, the vertical casing of which has an integrated transverse chamber, inside which a removable frame with a contact grid and pushers are placed to move the frame. If it is necessary to replace the frame with a contact grid in the transverse chamber, pressure is created, the upper part of the reactor is raised, the cassette is released and pushed out by the second cassette, which is pushed in by means of screw tappets. After replacing the cassette, the upper part of the reactor is lowered, the frame with the grid is clamped, and the pressure in the transverse chamber is reduced. This design should ensure that the contact grids are replaced without stopping the chemical process and without reducing the pressure in the reactor121. However, modern catalytic oxidation reactors are of large size, equipped with numerous technological and control equipment. It is almost impossible to ensure that the upper part of the reactor is lifted without detaching its fittings from conductive pipelines. The high pressure S of the system does not allow the piping elements to be flexible. Raising the top of the reactor thus requires pressure reduction and process shutdown.

The disadvantage of this reactor is the necessity of stopping the process and partial disassembling of the reactor with periodic replacement of the catalyst, and therefore loss of productivity of the reactor.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the productivity of the reactor by eliminating stops to replace the contact grid.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in a catalytic oxidation reactor, including a vertical body with a transverse chamber built into it, inside which is placed at least one interchangeable frame with a contact grid and a rod for moving this frame when it is replaced. According to the invention, a horizontal plate with a hole along the axis of the reactor is rigidly fixed in the chamber, the upper and lower surfaces of which serve as supports for interchangeable frames with a contact grid, while above and below the horizontal plate there are displaceable rings that serve to press clock nets and having a concentric casing shell, and the cavity between the casing and the shells are connected to the supply of cold source mixture. It is advisable at the same time that the frame with the contact grid is divided into a series of sectors matched with each other, and the cavity of the transverse chamber has a corresponding number of radial rectangular channels equipped with vertical gates and end caps with the rods installed in them.

Such a constructive solution allows for the replacement of the contact grid during the reactor operation without stopping the process and depressurizing due to the fact that an ator grid is inserted into the working apparatus with a grid located, for example, on the base plate, using screw rods slab, after which the worked mesh is output. At the same time the need for sealing

The cavities of the chamber are made by closing the gates after the screw rods are removed from them. With large diameters of the apparatus, the grid consisting of sectors is replaced in parts through the corresponding radial channels. All this allows the reactor to operate without interruption, that is, to ensure maximum performance.

Fig, 1 shows a reactor, a longitudinal section; Fig. 2 shows a section A-A in Fig. 3 in Fig. 3, an embodiment of a reactor with a grid consisting of sectors; Fig. 4 shows a section B-B in Fig. 3.

The reactor includes a vertical casing consisting of the upper part 1 and the lower part 2, in place of a rigid

the connections of which the transverse chamber 3 is placed. Inside the chamber, a horizontal plate 4 is fixed parallel to its walls with a hole along the axis of the reactor. Above and below the stove

frames 5 and 6 are installed with contact grids 7 and 8.

Claims (2)

Frames 5 and 6 are hermetically pressed on both sides to the plate k by height-adjustable pins 9. The upper and lower cavities of the chamber are hermetically sealed by gates 10 and 11. To move the frames with contact grids, there are 12 cables located in a rectangular channel 13 closed by a cap 1. In the upper part of the reactor is provided a pipe 15 for the entry of reagents} at the bottom - a pipe 16 for the output of the finished product. The design described is suitable for devices of relatively small diameter, operating at a temperature of the order of. For devices of larger diameters with more stringent operating conditions () of the contact grid, as well as high temperatures, the frames 5 and 6 are hermetically pressed on both sides to the plate k, moved along the height by rings 17 and 18, fitted with concentric bodies of the apparatus shells 19 and 20, and the cavity between the housing 1 and 2 and the shells 19 and 20 is connected to the nozzle 2 of the cold feed mixture. The shell 20 is attached to the housing 2 and has a compensator 22 for providing vertical movement of the ring 18. Frames 5 and 6 with contact CGTH-IMVI are extended to a number of adjacent sectors 23. The cavity of the transverse chamber 3 has the corresponding number of radial rectangular channels 13 provided with vertical gates 10 and end caps 1 with thimbles 12 installed in them. Inside channel 13, an auxiliary plate 2 can be installed to facilitate the assembly and disassembly of sectors 23. Before switching the reactor into operation An ere 3 installs one of the frames with a contact grid, for example 5. A frame 5 is installed section by section, each section 23 is inserted into its rectangular channel 1 with the closed gate 10 a plug 1 opens and a sector 23 with a fresh contact grid is installed on the plate 2k. Then the plug 1 is closed, the gate 10 is raised and sector 5 is inserted into the reactor by means of the pull 12. The ring 17 is at the same time in the upper position, providing the necessary clearance for installing sector 23 on the slab. After installing sector 23, the gate 10 is lowered. All other sections of the 23 are mounted similarly, after which they are hermetically pressed by a ring, 17 to the plate k. During the operation of the reactor in its cavity create the necessary pressure and temperature. The initial gas mixture supplied to fittings 21 cools the housing 2, chamber 3, housing 1 in series, and then enters oxidation into the contact grid zone 7. Such a gas inlet design is necessary, because otherwise the equipment, Since the process takes place at t 900 ° C and ati — under these conditions it is very difficult to choose a material that retains the high mechanical properties required by the body assemblies. The reaction products (oxides of nitrogen) are withdrawn from the reactor through nozzle 16. When the resource of the upper contact grid expires, mount frame 6 with a fresh contact grid 8 without stopping the process. The installation of frame 6 is carried out in the following order. The end caps of the I openings are opened and sectors 23 are inserted under the slab 24 (everything can be done simultaneously). Then the plugs 14 are closed. opening the gate 10, lowering the ring 18 and placing the sectors 23 under the plate 4. After that, pressing the ring 18 tightly presses the frame 6 to the bottom surface of the plate 4. The removal of the frame 5 is carried out in reverse order: the ring 17 is released, sector 23 is removed With the help of tg 12, the ring 9 is lowered into the cavities of the rectangular channels 13, until it is pressed to the plate 4 (in order to prevent gas from flowing through the slit), the gate 10 is closed, the plug 14 is opened and the grids 7 are sent for regeneration. The use of the invention makes it possible to completely eliminate reactor shutdowns for the replacement of contact grids and to obtain an economic effect on a single reactor in the order of 200 thousand rubles. in year. The present invention can also be applied in other industries where the replacement of contact grids (filter webs) is periodically required without stopping the process. Claim 1. Reactor for catalytic oxidation, comprising a vertical body with a transverse chamber embedded in it, inside of which at least one interchangeable frame with a contact grid and a pull rod for displacing this frame is placed, wherein In order to increase productivity by eliminating the shutdowns of the reactor to replace the contact grid, the reactor is provided with a horizontal plate rigidly fixed in the chamber with an opening along the axis. 2. The reactor is made of pl, ot l and h ayu and with the fact that it is equipped with pressure rings placed in the chamber above and below the horizontal plate, installed with the possibility of vertical reversing. 3. Reactor according to claims 1 and 2, which is based on the fact that the frame with a contact grid is made in the form of adjoining sectors. Sources of information taken into account during the examination 1.Atroschenko V, I. Nitric acid technology. N., Himi, 1970, p.22, fig. Vj -10, cl. 23-260. 2. The patent of the USA G 2899285, CL.23-288,1959.  / f- / t