SU922190A1 - Method for biological maceration of flux straw - Google Patents

Description

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The invention relates to the technology of preprocessing bast cultures in order to obtain spinning fibers from them, namely to the technology of biological flax straw.

Known combined aerobic anaerobic method of biological lob LYNOSOLOMA, including the lobe of straw in the tank with moistening fluid, squeezing and washing.

At the beginning of the process, straw is poured with water in a wash tank, followed by continuous circulation of the wash liquid according to the scheme: wash bottle. Tank — film-type film aerator, collector — wash tank.

After special treatment, waste urine and squeeze-wash waters are discharged as sewage into natural water bodies 01,

The disadvantages of this method are the duration of the process, as well as the presence of a large amount of wastewater heavily polluted with organic substances, formed during the lobe process. The disadvantage is also a specific unpleasant smell inherent in macerate flax fiber,

There is also known a method of biological lob LNOSOLOMA, in which a mixture of fresh water with regenerated waste liquid is used as a washing liquid.

to after its biochemical purification for 18-2 h using the strain of the yeast Frichosporon cutaneum 70 and filtration,

As a result of deep regeneration, the moistening fluid acquires buffering properties, which improves the conditions of the lobe process. The volume of waste water decreases twice, the consumption of fresh water C2 is sharply reduced,

However, the process of the lobe still remains long - 35-39 hours, and the quality of the obtained flax fiber is not high enough. The closest in technical essence and the achieved result to the invention is the combined aerobic-anaerobic method of biological flax straw, including extraction of flax straw with fresh water, wetting, pressing and washing. According to a known method, flax salt, loaded into the tank at a density of 90 kg / m, is subjected to extraction with water for 1 hour. Then the extractive liquid is drained into the sewer system. After extraction, flax straw is poured with a process liquid, subjected to regeneration in a film-type aerator, and held until the end of the lobe process. The resulting flax straw is squeezed and washed with water. The spent cleaning fluid and squeezing-washing water after cleaning is drained into the sewer system. The introduction of the extraction stage allows to intensify the process of the lobe and shorten its duration by 6-8 hours while improving the quality of flax fiber and reducing its unpleasant odor 33 However, the known biological method, flaxsoar lobes does not allow to intensify the process to such an extent that the process duration, including operations on loading flax straw, unloading flax, flooding and draining of urinal chambers, would be no more than 2 hours, i.e. the daily cycle of the lobe would not exceed. The known method does not allow to completely eliminate the odor of the washing liquid and the resulting flax fiber. In addition, the quality of flax fiber is not high enough. The disadvantages of the known cocylated aerobic-anaerobic method of flax straw lobes with stem extraction are a significant increase in fresh water consumption up to 2.7 m per 1 ton of flax straw (12.2 m for extraction, C m for lobe, 8 m for washing flax cross , 0.5 per flush ad tanks), as well as an increase to 3 | 5 m of wastewater per 1 ton of flax solo1 1 (10.7 N from an extraction stage of 8.9 m from a washing stage of flax m and m from a lobe stage i. n VW V .. - natural clean-up tanks, 0.3 dead loss). The purpose of the invention is to intensify the process, improve the quality of the portage, and also eliminate the discharge of wastewater while reducing the consumption of a fresh ode. The goal is achieved by the fact that according to the method of biological glasses of flax straw, including flax straw extraction, lobe, pressing and piercing, extraction is carried out with a cleaned waste liquid with the following parameters: 8.0-8.7 pH content of volatile 120-600 kV of slot, mg / l Suspended 80-300 substances, mg / l Dry matter content, mg / l 2000-3200 Chemical oxygen consumption, 800-1200 mg / l Iron content, 20-3 mg / l Biological oxygen consumption “OO-SOO per 5 day, mg / l Total nitrogen content, mg / l 300–200 Ammonium nitrogen content, mg / l 250- 270 Active enzyme pectin-trans-eliminase, u / ml 0.1-0.5 Content of pectin-decomposing microorganisms, thousand / ml. 9.5-15.0 a dribble is performed in a mixture of regenerated cleaning liquid with said purified waste liquid in a volume ratio (6-8) :. In addition, purified waste fluid is also used for projection. Cleaning waste waste liquid coming from the extraction, lobe and washing stages is carried out first with a known biochemical method 2, but with a reduction in the time of cultivation of microorganisms to 6-8 hours instead of 18-20 m, taking into account the volume of extractive water constituting kSt (% of of the total volume of wastewater, and then using the additionally known electroplastic method tl at a current density of 1.0-1.5. The treatment time is 120-150 ps. Biological oxygen consumption for five days (BODE) and chemical oxygen consumption (COD) characterize the degree of residual contamination of the treated waste liquid with inorganic and organic substances. These indicators are determined by the well-known method fS. limit values lead to a deterioration in fiber quality, as well as an increase in suspended matter and solids content. Indicators:. The pH, the content of volatile acids, iron, nitrogenous compounds, pectin-decomposing microorganisms, and the activity of the enzyme pectin trans transfection (PTE activity) determine the activity of the biological lobe process. In this case, the activity of the process is affected by the totality of these indicators. The activity of the enzyme pectin trans-eliminase is determined by the amount of colored substances that form, during the reaction, the products of the decomposition of pectic acid (oligalacturonides) with thiobarburic acid 6. The amount of these substances is determined on an SF-4 spectrophotometer by absorbing light at a wavelength of nm. Sewage treatment and their reuse in the proposed process allows creating a closed water supply system and eliminating wastewater discharge into natural water bodies while saving fresh water. To this end, flaxseed washing is also preferably carried out with purified wastewater instead of fresh water. Taking into account the fact that the amount of wastewater generated from the process of flax preparation is always less than water consumption (due to loss, entrainment by trust, evaporation, loss in the system due to leaks), to maintain balance in a closed system, it is necessary to add for a washing operation, 45–50–6% of fresh water, which is 10–15; of the total volume of liquid-, ty in the system. Example 1. Flax chop, loaded into a urinary chamber with a density of 90 kg / m, is poured to extract cleaned waste liquid at a rate of 12.2 m per 1 ton of straw, extracted for 30 minutes at. Then the extractive liquid is poured into the additive tank. After extraction, the flax straw is washed down with a mixture of the regenerated technological washing liquid and the treated waste liquid in a volume ratio (6-8): 4 with a liquid module 10. The weights are carried out in a known mode with a combined aerobic-anaerobic moth with regeneration of the washing liquid in a film-type aerator and during continuous circulation of the moistening fluid between the moistening tank, the collecting tank and the aerator. The process of the lobe lasts 18–20 h. The seeds of the trust are squeezed, washed and dried according to a known technology. For rinsing use waste treated wastewater with the addition of 5-50 vol. water. The spent extraction liquid is poured into a desiccant container. Half of the spent clarifying fluid is drained into the collecting tank, and the remainder of the moistening fluid is also sent to a moderate tank. Siphon water is supplied to this tank. Sewage cleaning fluid is cleaned first with a biochemical, then an electrochemical γ-method using iron electrodes. After cleaning, the waste liquid is reused for extraction, glasses and rinsing as described. The purified effluent used in this example has the following parameters: pH 8.5-8.7 Volatile acid content mg / l 120 Suspended content. . substances, mg / l.80 Solids content, mg / l 2000 Chemical consumption of oxygen and ,. mg / l 800 Biological oxygen consumption for 5 days, mg / l Total nitrogen content, mg / l Ammonium nitrogen content, mg / l Iron content, mg / l Content of pectin-decomposing microorganisms, thsi / ml 15 Active enzyme pectin trans-eliminase, units / ml 0 Color. Light Odor Example 2 Process li; as in example 1, using purified liquid with the following liquids: 8, pH Content of volatile 60 acids, mg / l Content suspended substances, 30 mg / l Content of dry residue, mg / l Chemical oxygen consumption, mg / l Biological oxygen consumption , for 5 days, mg / l Total nitrogen content, mg / l Ammonium nitrogen content, mg / l Iron content, mg / l Content of pectinog decomposing microorganisms, thousand / ml Enzyme activity pectin-trans-eliminase, u / ml C ve Color Ots Odor 8 tibl, 1 shows congenial biological and ph After the additional cleaning with electrochemically, the same indicators for -8 can be seen from the data given in Table 1 that, unlike the fresh water used in the process, the method, the purified waste liquid of the proposed method has a number of advantages: it contains ammonia nitrogen, which is an important additional nutrient for microorganisms, and iron, which speeds up the process of the lobe, has pathogens — pectin-degradation Microorganisms in the amount of 9.5-15 thousand / ml, as well as possessing the activity of the enzyme pectin-trans-eliminase, which exhibits maximum activity at pH values 7.0-8.0. All this makes it possible to intensify the process of the biological lobe of the proposed method. In addition, unlike the waste liquid that has undergone only biochemical purification, the liquid additionally purified by an electrochemical method is odorless, light yellow in color and transparent. In tab. Figure 2 shows comparative indicators of the extraction process using water and purified waste liquid. . According to the table. 2 that the treated wastewater is clear: the liquid according to the inventive method has the greatest extracting ability. Removing easily soluble substances is more efficient. The extraction time can be reduced to 30 minutes. Table 3 shows the biochemical and technological indicators of the process of biological lobe and fiber quality according to known and proposed methods. As can be seen from the data table. 3, according to the proposed method, the pectin fermentation process is completed in hours, the extraction time of flax straw is reduced to 30 minutes (Table 2). The moistening liquid according to the proposed method is cleaner: the dry matter content, suspended solids are much less volatile accumulation. acids in the system does not occur. Qualitative indicators of trusts and fibers are higher than that of the known method, the strength is 2 kgf, flexibility is 6–11 mm. The unpleasant smell of maternally flax fiber is absent.

Thus, the proposed method of biologic flaxflaw can reduce the duration of the technological process from h to 20it2 h, i.e. up to the daily cycle of the lobe, which makes it possible to increase the productivity of the industrial preparation workshop of trusts almost twice. In addition, the proposed method does not have a discharge of wastewater to the treatment plant, and the wastewater from all technological operations after treatment is used in the circulating water supply. Fresh water consumption reduced to

to 1 minimum and is 10-15 vol. W required number of known technology.

The fiber has a good divisibility, clean, soft, light yellow, yellow-gray color, has high strength indicators kgf and good flexibility - 50-76 mm. As an advantage during spinning, there is a complete absence of the unpleasant odor characteristic of fiber mats. The quality of yarn from combed flax and feathering is high.

. -i-t-r -11

922190

12 Table t

PH

Content of volatile acids, mg / l

The content of suspended substances, mg / l

Content of dry residue, mg / l

Chemical oxygen consumption, mg / l

Biological oxygen consumption for 5 days, mg / l

Content of total nitrogen, mg / l

The content of ammonium nitrogen, mg / l

Iron content, mg / l

The content of pectin-decomposing microorganisms, thousand / ml

The activity of the enzyme tick

Colour

brown

No

Transparent Mutna

Low-dung Missing Mutna Transparent

The proposed method 3511

table 2

328V353 -I, 82.52

. . "822375015,22,70

298 5222920 12.72.00

6984882OOOO 13,12,95

332 5733600 12.7 .2.68

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Claims (3)

- 17 Formula of the invention 1. Method of biological weed straw, including the extraction of l of straw, the lobe with the regeneration of the mono liquid, squeezing and washing the result of which, the purpose of the intensification of the fiber quality quality process, as well as the induction of wastewater discharges water consumption, extraction is carried out with purified effluent liquid by the following P9 indicators: pH8-8.7 Volatile acids content, mg / l 120-600 Suspended solids content, mg / l 80-300 Dry content, mg / l2000-3200 , 800-1200 Biological intake of oxygen but for 5 days, 400-500 mg / l Iron content, mg / l General nitrogen content, mg / l 300-320 Ammonium nitrogen content, mg / l 250-270 Pectin trans-elimiazyz enzyme activity, u / ml 0, 1-0.5 9018 The content of pectin-decomposing microorganisms, thousand / ml 9.5-15.0 and the urine is carried out in a mixture of regenerated washing liquid with the specified purified waste liquid in a volume ratio (6-8) :, 2 1, that is, the use of purified waste liquid for flushing is using the sources of information taken into account during the examination 1. S. Derbenev, and et al., Technologists of an Industrial Biological Lobe of Forehead Raw Materials, M., Gizlegprom, 1968, p. 193-195, 217-227. 2. USSR author's certificate If, cl. From 12 to 3/00, 1977. 3. Ways to improve the efficiency of the industrial preparation workshops of trusts. Minsk, BelNIINTI, 1970, pp. 22-27 (prototype). k. L. Kulsky, et al. Wastewater treatment by electrocoagulation; Kiev Budivelnik, 1978, p.69. 5.Lurie Yu.Yu. and Rybnikova A., And. Chemical analysis of industrial wastewater. M., Himi, 197, p.37, 5. 6. Sapozhnikova E.V. and Tishchenko V.P. ectins and pectolytic enzymes. - Successes of biological imami, 1969, t. 10. with.