SU920468A2 - Phase separator - Google Patents

Description

(54) PHASE DIVIDER

one

The invention relates to devices for separating and collecting particles and can be used for air purification and for determining the dust content of atmospheric air, for applying an aerosol to articles (for example, lint or talc on latex gloves), as well as for pneumatic transfer of aerosol particles into an electrostatic field.

According to the main author. St. No. 845065 is known for a phase separator comprising a nozzle, a substrate, an intake system and an air evacuation system. The axis of the nozzle at the site of the subsonic confuser before the critical section is a broken or curved line, with the tangent line to the broken line or. the curved line does not intersect the axis of the subsonic confuser, but opposite the nozzle section with a gap a supersonic diffuser is installed, which communicates with the air exhaust system, the substrate is installed outside this gap and intersects the tangent line to the axis of the subsonic confuser. The critical section of the supersonic diffuser should be no less than the critical section of the nozzle.

The known structure is characterized by the insufficient use of the kinematic energy of the supersonic flow in order to displace fine particles of airbase from the stream, which reduces the efficiency of the separation of particles from gas.

5 The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency of separation of the dispersed flow phases.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in the phase separator supersonic diffu, Q dors are made multi-jumped with external compression, with the surface forming oblique jumps facing the substrate, moreover, between the nozzle and the multi-jump supersonic diffuser with external compression is installed with

15, the surface of one-sided braking and acceleration of a supersonic flow, made in the form of one or several consecutive Laval nozzles, the axis of which coincides with the sub 2Q spoon, moreover, for applying an aerosol to the surface of the tubular form, the nozzle and the multi-jump supersonic diffuser are annular, and also that the multi-supersonic diffuser and the additional surface of one-sided braking and acceleration of the supersonic flow are annular.

FIG. 1-5 schematically shows a phase separator, variants.

The phase separator consists of a nozzle 1 and a supersonic diffuser 2, which are connected between themselves by a bracket 3 and bolts 4, by which the distance h between the nozzle 1 and the supersonic diffuser 2 can be adjusted. An elastic air path 5 is connected to the supersonic diffuser, to which an air exhaust system (not shown) is connected via pipe b. An air supply system (not shown) is also connected to the nozzle 1. The substrate 7, on which the adhesive layer is applied, is placed outside the gap along the entire path of the air flow between the nozzle 1 and the supersonic diffuser 2. Instead of the substrate 7, there may be a web of rolled material (Fig. 2) or a liquid mirror into which the aerosol particles their collection (not shown).

FIG. Figure 2 shows a variant where an electrode 8 is installed behind the substrate 7, and an electrode is also connected to the nozzle 1 (the electrode can be installed in an aerosol metering unit, where the aerosol is charged when it is fed into the air flow, and then go to the nozzle). At the nozzle 1, the subsonic confuser has an axis that goes before the critical section 10 along a broken line or a curved line, and in the nozzle 1 the tangent line (or plane) A-A to the axis line of the subsonic confuser never crosses the axis line of the subsonic confuser. Beyond the critical section 10, nozzle 1 may have an extension, like a Laval nozzle or a visor like a supersonic nozzle with an oblique cut (Fig. 1 shows this case), and also nozzle 1 can end only with a critical section. Tangent line A-A intersects substrate 7 (or the area where aerosol particles are impacted). The walls P of the nozzle 1 are perpendicular to the curves — the surfaces that form it, the nozzle ionation 1.

The supersonic diffuser 2 has a critical section 12, which is not less than the critical section 10. Its surface 13, the organizing oblique jumps of the supersonic diffuser 2, faces in the direction of impact. The opposite surface 14 of the supersonic diffuser 2, as in all supersonic diffusers with external preload in the supersonic part, is significantly shorter than the surface 13. The walls 15 of the supersonic diffuser are perpendicular to surfaces 14 and 13. In cases where the impactor is used as a sampling tube, it works . Under vacuum, the nozzle 1, the supersonic diffuser 2 and the substrate 7 or a container with a liquid (not shown in Fig.) are enclosed in an airtight chamber 16 (as shown in

FIG. one). When the impactor is applied to spray (Fig. 2) the aerosol onto the roll material or on the product, in the chamber 16 there are openings 17 through which the product or roll material passes through the conveyor. FIG. 3 shows a variant where between the nozzle 1 and the supersonic diffuser 2 is mounted on the bracket 3 by means of bolts with the possibility of axial adjustment of the gaps 18 to 19, the surface 20 of one-sided braking and acceleration of the supersonic flow, which is profiled by forming one or more consecutive Laval nozzles where the imaginary axis is in the impact zone.

FIG. 4 shows an impactor, in which the nozzle 1 and the supersonic diffuser 2 are annular. An annular air intake manifold 21c is connected to the nozzle 1 by a pipe 22. An air outlet ring 23 is connected to the supersonic diffuser 2 with a pipe 24. The shape of the substrate 7 is in the form of a pipe. The substrate, for example, may be an extrudable rubber hose that passes through an impactor.

FIG. 5 shows an impactor, in which the nozzle 1, the supersonic diffuser 2 and the surface 20 of one-sided braking and acceleration of the supersonic flow are annular. The substrate 7 is made in the form of a pipe. A nozzle 25 is connected to the nozzle 1 for supplying air. To the supersonic diffuser 2 is connected the pipe 26 for exhaust air. The substrate 7 is provided with a collector 27 with a pipe 28 for supplying water, as well as a collector 29 with a pipe 30. The substrate 7 is installed on the pipe 26 through the spokes 31 (or bottom). Bracket 3 is mounted in the form of a pin, on which surface 13 and cylinders 32 are installed, adjusting the gaps 18 and 19, surface 20 and nozzle 1 with nozzle 25, which are fixed by means of bracket 33. Bracket 3 is mounted on bracket 34, which is fixed in nozzle 26

The device works as follows.

Claims (4)

In nozzle 1, under the action of a supersonic pressure differential in a subsonic confuser, the flow accelerates to a critical speed. At the same time, to the section of the curvilinear or broken axis of the subsonic confuser before the critical section 10, the flow turns at a subsonic speed near the critical section. As a result of the action of inertial forces on particles up to a critical section, a concentration occurs. aerosol, and since the rotation takes place immediately before the critical section sideways with respect to the movement of the gas flow beyond the critical section 10. For the critical section, the air is accelerated to supersonic speed, because the over 5 pressure drop is supersonic. This can occur in the expanding part of the Laval nozzle, in a supersonic nozzle with an oblique cut (as shown in Fig. 1) or just before the critical section 10 according to the Prantl-Mayer law. The flow, accelerated to s supersonic speed, has the ability to maintain its direction by inertia. And since the inertial forces of the particles are not aerosol. coincide with the forces of inertia of the gas flow, then particles are ejected from the flow. Larger particles are separated from the stream immediately. Small particles must still make some way in a supersonic rarefied flow before they can stand out from it. Very small particles of the aerosol in the area, the gap between the nozzle 1 and the entrance edge of the surface 14 of the supersonic diffuser 2 experience oblique shock waves, which are organized by the surface 13 and which prevent fine particles from following the flow of gases. As a result, they roll 2 ° along these shock waves to the peripheral flow towards the substrate 7, having an inertial force that is different in the direction from the direction of the gas flow. Thus, due to external compression of the supersonic flow at oblique shocks of the seal, the efficiency of the importer for ejecting particles from the air stream is increased. On the path of the aerosol particles, which are separated from the flow of gases, a substrate 7 is installed on which an adhesive layer is applied. Instead of tray 7, there may simply be a mirror of the fluid into which the particle is trapped. The role of the substrate 7. can be played by the rolled material or products installed on the conveyor, which pass through the chamber 16. The device can be used 3S as a pneumatic feed aerosol in an electrostatic field. In this case, an oppositely charged current is applied to the electrodes 8 and 9 (Fig. 2). The supersonic flow is inert) and the ability to compress when it decelerates with an increase in the static pressure in it, and if this static pressure is above the ambient pressure again accelerates. When braking a supersonic flow on the surface of 45 (Fig. 3), which is profiled by forming one or more sequentially. Laval nozzles arranged one behind the other, in which the imaginary axis is in the zone of impact, oblique shock waves are formed in the direction of the impact. In this case, the supersonic flow is compressed,. and the preload occurs up to the narrowest point corresponding to the critical sections of imaginary Laval nozzles, and after it 55 the expansion of the air path occurs, where the flow op. overclocking. . 9204 68 6 It should be noted that the profile of Laval nozzles, on the generators of which the surface 20 is profiled, is organized by oblique shock waves located at an angle relative to the incident flow, which does not exceed 60 °, which ensures the elimination of strong oblique jumps beyond which the supersonic flow would pass in subsonic. All along the path from nozzle 1 to supersonic diffuser 2, we have a supersonic flow, in which oblique shock waves form, which act as reflectors, through which the smallest aerosol particles slide onto the substrate from the supersonic flow, thus ensuring an increase in the efficiency of separation of particles from the air flow. In order to apply the aerosol to the substrate, made in the form of a pipe (FIGS. 4 and 5), the nozzle 1, the supersonic diffuser 2 and the surface 20 are annular. In the case where the substrate 7 is irrigated with water that flows through the collector 27, and is discharged into the nozzle 30 (Fig. 5), the impactor works as a dust collection device. The invention makes it possible to increase the efficiency of air analysis by determining the fractional dispersion composition of the aerosol contained therein while simultaneously increasing the range of particles to be collected. It is most efficient to use the aerosol material during spraying due to the increased efficiency of particle separation from air, as well as to increase the efficiency of air purification from aerosols of the discharged emissions, to ensure a highly efficient pneumatic supply of the aerosol in an electric field, to provide a highly efficient aerosol coating on the substrate, made in the form of a pipe, Invention 1 Phase separator autom. St. No. 845065, characterized in that, in order to increase the efficiency of separation of the phases of the dispersed flow, the supersonic diffuser is made multi-slip with external compression, with the surface forming oblique jumps facing the substrate, 2. The separator according to claim 1, characterized in that the inter-slug and multi-jump supersonic diffuser with external compression is installed with the possibility of moving the surface of one-side braking and acceleration of the supersonic flow, made in the form of one or several consecutive Laval nozzles whose axis coincides with the substrate, 3. A separator according to claim 1, characterized in that, in order to apply an aerosol to The surface of the tubular form, the nozzle and the multi-jump supersonic diffuser are annular. 4. A separator according to claim 2, characterized in that, in order to apply an aerosol on the surface of a tubular form, a nozzle, a multi-shock supersonic diffuser, and an additional surface of one-sided deceleration and acceleration of supersonic flow are made annular. Sources of information taken into account in the examination I. USSR author's certificate № 845065, cl. G 01 N 15/00, 1979 (prototype).